|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | QUADAS评价:一种用于诊断性研究的质量评价工具(修订版)显示文摘背景 QUADAS是一种新近发展起来的诊断性研究的质量评价工具。虽然已有系统评价采用了QUADAS,但尚未得以正式确证。本研究的目的是评价QUADAS的有效性和实用性。方法3位评价者采用QUADAS独立评价30项研究的质量。比较每位评价者的评分与最终结论之间的意见一致度。这主要是通过比较所有QUADAS条目的总分和每个单项的得分来实现的。20位曾在其系统评价中使用过QUADAS的评价者就其使用经验完成一份简短的问卷。结果就所有条目而言,每位评价者的评分与最终结论之间的意见一致度分别达到了91%、90%和85%。就单项QUADAS条目而言,一致度在50%至100%之间,中位值是90%。与难以解释的试验结果和退出病例相关的条目,评分结果差异最大。有关QUADAS内容的反馈意见普遍较好,仅少数评价者提出了有关QUADAS涵盖面、使用便利性、评分说明的清晰度及有效性方面的问题。结论QUADAS内容本身无需作大的修改。评价过程的主要困难出现在难以解释的试验结果和退出病例这2个条目的评分上。对这些条目的评分指南提出了修改意见。评价者必需根据其系统评价制定相应的评分指南,并确保所有评价者都清楚如何评分。评价者还应考虑是否所有的QUADAS条目都与其系统评价相关,以及其他质量条目是否应作为其系统评价的评价部分。 | Penny F Whiting Marie E Weswood Anne WS Rutjes Johannes B Reitsma Patrick NM Bossuyt Jos Kleijnen 马章淳 钱楠 | 2007 | 中国循证医学杂志2007，7，7： | 64 |
| 2 | 将对未来的估计包含在今天的财务报表中显示文摘本文阐释了将对未来的估计包含在今天财务报表中的方式,而不是为什么应当将对未来的估计包含在今天财务报表中的问题。在今天的财务报表中包含对未来的估计并不是一个新概念,但用处却日益增加。这主要是因为会计准则制定机构认为,反映当前经济状况、并根据对未来的预期更新的对资产和负债的计量方式,将产生有利于做出经济决策的更为有用的信息,这正是财务报告的目标所在。这也是会计准则制定机构关注公允价值会计的原因。如何将对未来的估计包含在财务报表中,取决于资产和负债的计量属性,以及从财务报告角度对资产和负债的定义。现行资产和负债的定义取决于确定产生预期经济利益流入或流出的过去交易或事项,对于预期经济利益流入,还需要关注对预期的控制。因此,并不是所有预期经济利益的流入或流出都予以确认。附注披露能够帮助财务报表使用者理解已经在财务报表中确认的估计,并提供尚未确认估计的相关信息。将对未来的估计更多地包含在今天的财务报表中,将会产生与目前反映的收益有所不同的收益计量方式,但值得讨论的是,这种计量能够对经济决策提供更好的信息。 | 玛丽·E·巴斯(Mary E.Barth) 李红霞(译) 张象至(校) | 2007 | 会计研究2007，，9： | 16 |
| 3 | Regression of cirrhosis during treatment with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for chronic hepatitis B: a 5-year open-label follow-up study显示文摘 | Patrick Marcellin Edward Gane Maria Buti Nezam Afdhal William Sievert Ira M Jacobson Mary Kay Washington George Germanidis John F Flaherty Raul Aguilar Schall Jeffrey D Bornstein Kathryn M Kitrinos G Mani Subramanian John G McHutchison E Jenny Heathcote | 2012 | The Lancet2012，，： | 14 |
| 4 | Bone morphogenetic protein-2 gene controls tooth root development in coordination with formation of the periodontium显示文摘Formation of the periodontium begins following onset of tooth-root formation in a coordinated manner after birth. Dental follicle progenitor cells are thought to form the cementum, alveolar bone and Sharpey's fibers of the periodontal ligament (PDL). However, little is known about the regulatory morphogens that control differentiation and function of these progenitor cells, as well as the progenitor cells involved in crown and root formation. We investigated the role of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (Bmp2) in these processes by the conditional removal of the Bmp2 gene using the Sp7-Cre-EGFP mouse model. Sp7-Cre-EGFP first becomes active at E18 in the first molar, with robust Cre activity at postnatal day 0 (P0), followed by Cre activity in the second molar, which occurs after P0. There is robust Cre activity in the periodontium and third molars by 2 weeks of age. When the Bmp2 gene is removed from Sp7+ (Osterix+) cells, major defects are noted in root, cellular cementum and periodontium formation. First, there are major cell autonomous defects in root-odontoblast terminal differentiation. Second, there are major alterations in formation of the PDLs and cellular cementum, correlated with decreased nuclear factor IC (Nfic), periostin and α-SMA+ cells. Third, there is a failure to produce vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) in the periodontium and the pulp leading to decreased formation of the microvascular and associated candidate stem cells in the Bmp2-cKOSp7-Cre-EGFP . Fourth, ameloblast function and enamel formation are indirectly altered in the Bmp2-cKOSp7-Cre-EGFP . These data demonstrate that the Bmp2 gene has complex roles in postnatal tooth development and periodontium formation. | Audrey Rakian Wu-Chen Yang Jelica Gluhak-Heinrich Yong Cui Marie A Harris Demitri Villarreal Jerry Q Feng Mary MacDougall Stephen E Harris | 2013 | International Journal of Oral Science2013，5，2： | 14 |
| 5 | Expanding etiology of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis显示文摘BACKGROUND Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis(PFIC)refers to a disparate group of autosomal recessive disorders that are linked by the inability to appropriately form and excrete bile from hepatocytes,resulting in a hepatocellular form of cholestasis.While the diagnosis of such disorders had historically been based on pattern recognition of unremitting cholestasis without other identified molecular or anatomic cause,recent scientific advancements have uncovered multiple specific responsible proteins.The variety of identified defects has resulted in an ever-broadening phenotypic spectrum,ranging from traditional benign recurrent jaundice to progressive cholestasis and end-stage liver disease.AIM To review current data on defects in bile acid homeostasis,explore the expanding knowledge base of genetic based diseases in this field,and report disease characteristics and management.METHODS We conducted a systemic review according to PRISMA guidelines.We performed a Medline/PubMed search in February-March 2019 for relevant articles relating to the understanding,diagnosis,and management of bile acid homeostasis with a focus on the family of diseases collectively known as PFIC.English only articles were accessed in full.The manual search included references of retrieved articles.We extracted data on disease characteristics,associations with other diseases,and treatment.Data was summarized and presented in text,figure,and table format.RESULTS Genetic-based liver disease resulting in the inability to properly form and secrete bile constitute an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children and increasingly in adults.A growing number of PFIC have been described based on an expanded understanding of biliary transport mechanism defects and the development of a common phenotype.CONCLUSION We present a summary of current advances made in a number of areas relevant to both the classically described FIC1(ATP8B1),BSEP(ABCB11),and MDR3(ABCB4)transporter deficiencies,as well as more recently described gene mutations--TJP2(TJP2),FXR(NR1H4),MYO5B(MYO5B),and others which expand the etiology and understanding of PFIC-related cholestatic diseases and bile transport. | Sarah AF Henkel Judy H Squires Mary Ayers Armando Ganoza Patrick Mckiernan James E Squires | 2019 | World Journal of Hepatology2019，11，5： | 13 |
| 6 | Hepatocellular carcinoma: Review of disease and tumor biomarkers显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is a common malignancy and now the second commonest global cause of cancer death. HCC tumorigenesis is relatively silent and patients experience late symptomatic presentation. As the option for curative treatments is limited to early stage cancers, diagnosis in non-symptomatic individuals is crucial. International guidelines advise regular surveillance of high-risk populations but the current tools lack sufficient sensitivity for early stage tumors on the background of a cirrhotic nodular liver. A number of novel biomarkers have now been suggested in the literature, which may reinforce the current surveillance methods. In addition, recent metabonomic and proteomic discoveries have established specific metabolite expressions in HCC, according to Warburg's phenomenon of altered energy metabolism. With clinical validation, a simple and non-invasive test from the serum or urine may be performed to diagnose HCC, particularly benefiting low resource regions where the burden of HCC is highest. | Jin Un Kim Mohamed I F Shariff Mary M E Crossey Maria Gomez-Romero Elaine Holmes I Jane Cox Haddy K S Fye Ramou Njie Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，10： | 13 |
| 7 | Vanishing bile duct syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus infected adults:A report of two cases显示文摘Vanishing bile duct syndrome(VBDS) is a group of rare disorders characterized by ductopenia,the progressive destruction and disappearance of intrahepatic bile ducts leading to cholestasis.Described in association with medications,autoimmune disorders,cancer,transplantation,and infections,the specific mechanisms of disease are not known.To date,only 4 cases of VBDS have been reported in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infected patients.We report 2 additional cases of HIV-associated VBDS and review the features common to the HIV-associated cases.Presentation includes hyperbilirubinemia,normal liver imaging,and negative viral and autoimmune hepatitis studies.In HIV-infected subjects,VBDS occurred at a range of CD4+ T-cell counts,in some cases following initiation or change in antiretroviral therapy.Lymphoma was associated with two cases;nevirapine,antibiotics,and viral co-infection were suggested as etiologies in the other cases.In HIV-positive patients with progressive cholestasis,early identification of VBDS and referral for transplantation may improve outcomes. | Ana Paula Oppenheimer Christopher Koh Mary McLaughlin John C Williamson Thomas D Norton Jennifer Laudadio Theo Heller David E Kleiner Kevin P High Caryn G Morse | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，1： | 8 |
| 8 | Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013显示文摘 | Marie Ng Tom Fleming Margaret Robinson Blake Thomson Nicholas Graetz Christopher Margono Erin C Mullany Stan Biryukov Cristiana Abbafati Semaw Ferede Abera Jerry P Abraham Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh Tom Achoki Fadia S AlBuhairan Zewdie A Alemu Rafael Alfonso | 2014 | The Lancet2014，，： | 7 |
| 9 | Advances in healthcare wearable devices显示文摘Wearable devices have found numerous applications in healthcare ranging from physiological diseases,such as cardiovascular diseases,hypertension and muscle disorders to neurocognitive disorders,such as Parkinson’s disease,Alzheimer’s disease and other psychological diseases.Different types of wearables are used for this purpose,for example,skin-based wearables including tattoobased wearables,textile-based wearables,and biofluidic-based wearables.Recently,wearables have also shown encouraging improvements as a drug delivery system;therefore,enhancing its utility towards personalized healthcare.These wearables contain inherent challenges,which need to be addressed before their commercialization as a fully personalized healthcare system.This paper reviews different types of wearable devices currently being used in the healthcare field.It also highlights their efficacy in monitoring different diseases and applications of healthcare wearable devices(HWDs)for diagnostic and treatment purposes.Additionally,current challenges and limitations of these wearables in the field of healthcare along with their future perspectives are also reviewed. | Sheikh M.A.Iqbal Imadeldin Mahgoub E Du Mary Ann Leavitt Waseem Asghar | 2021 | npj Flexible Electronics2021，5，1： | 6 |
| 10 | Molecular detection of Helicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance in stool vs biopsy samples显示文摘AIM To compare(1) demographics in urea breath test(UBT) vs endoscopy patients; and(2) the molecular detection of antibiotic resistance in stool vs biopsy samples.METHODS Six hundred and sixteen adult patients undergoing endoscopy or a UBT were prospectively recruited to the study. The Geno Type Helico DR assay was used to detect Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) and antibiotic resistance using biopsy and/or stool samples from CLOpositive endoscopy patients and stool samples from UBT-positive patients. RESULTS Infection rates were significantly higher in patients referred for a UBT than endoscopy(overall rates: 33% vs 19%; treatment-na?ve patients: 33% vs 14.7%, respectively). H. pylori-infected UBT patients were younger than H. pylori-infected endoscopy patients(41.4 vs 48.4 years, respectively, P < 0.005), with a higher percentage of H. pylori-infected males in the endoscopy-compared to the UBT-cohort(52.6% vs 33.3%, P = 0.03). The Geno Type Helico DR assay was more accurate at detecting H. pylori infection using biopsy samples than stool samples [98.2%(n = 54/55) vs 80.3%(n =53/66), P < 0.005]. Subset analysis using stool and biopsy samples from CLO-positive endoscopy patients revealed a higher detection rate ofresistance-associated mutations using stool samples compared to biopsies. The concordance rates between stool and biopsy samples for the detection of H. pylori DNA, clarithromycin and fluoroquinolone resistance were just 85%, 53% and 35%, respectively. CONCLUSION Differences between endoscopy and UBT patients provide a rationale for non-invasive detection of H. pylori antibiotic resistance. However, the Geno Type Helico DR assay is an unsuitable approach. | Denise E Brennan Joseph Omorogbe Mary Hussey Donal Tighe Grainne Holleran Colm O'Morain Sinéad M Smith Deirdre McNamara | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，41： | 6 |
| 11 | Diversity of endophytes across the soil-plant continuum for Atriplex spp. in arid environments显示文摘Endophytes are hypothesized to be transferred across the soil-plant continuum, suggesting both the transfers of endophytes from environment to plant and from plant to soil. To verify this hypothesis and to assess the role of locality, we evaluated the similarity of microbial communities commonly found both in soils and endophytic communities in three arid regions, i.e. the Jornada LTER(Long Term Ecological Research) site in New Mexico, USA, and the research station of Jordan University of Science and Technology(JUST) and Khanasri research station in Badia region of Jordan. Rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, leaves and seeds of Atriplex spp. were sampled. Diversity and distribution of bacteria and fungi across the soil-plant continuums were assessed by tag-encoded FLX amplicon pyrosequencing and sequence alignment. Of the total bacterial OTUs(operational taxonomic units), 0.17% in Khanasri research station, 0.16% in research station of JUST, and 0.42% in Jornada LTER site were commonly found across all the plant and soil compartments. The same was true for fungi in two regions, i.e. 1.56% in research station of JUST and 0.86% in Jornada LTER site. However, in Khanasri research station, 12.08% of total fungi OTUs were found in at least one soil compartment and one plant compartment. Putative Arthrobacter, Sporosarcina, Cladosporium and members of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were found across all the soil-plant continuums. Ascomycota, mainly including Didymellaceae, Pleosporaceae and Davidiellaceae were present across all the soil-plant continuums. Microbial communities in two regions of Jordan were similar to each other, but both of them were different from the Jornada LTER site of USA. SIMPER(similarity percentage) analysis of bacterial and fungal taxa for both soil and endophyte communities revealed that dissimilarities of two bacterial genera(Arthrobacter and Sporosarcina) and two fungal genera(Cladosporium and Alternaria) are very high, so they play key roles in the soil-plant continuums. A weighed Pearson correlation analysis for the specific bacterial OTUs in the soil-plant continuums only showed high similarity between the two regions of Jordan. However, fungal groups showed higher similarities among all regions. This research supports the hypothesis of continuity of certain bacterial and fungal communities across the soil-plant continuums, and also explores the influences of plant species and geographic specificity on diversity and distribution of bacteria and fungi. | Mohammad E TAHTAMOUNI Sa'eb KHRESAT Mary LUCERO Jesus SIGALA Adrian UNC | 2016 | Journal of Arid Land2016，8，2： | 4 |
| 12 | Urinary nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of a Bangladeshi cohort with hepatitis-B hepatocellular carcinoma: A biomarker corroboration study显示文摘AIM: To establish if a distinct urinary metabolic profile could be identified in Bangladeshi hepatitis-B hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients compared to cirrhosis patients and controls. METHODS: Urine samples from 42 Bangladeshi patients with HCC(39 patients with hepatitis-B HCC), 47 with cirrhosis on a background of hepatitis B, 46 with chronic hepatitis B, and seven ethnically-matched healthy controls were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy. A full dietary and medication history was recorded for each subject. The urinary NMR data were analyzed using principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial leastsquared discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) techniques. Differences in relative signal levels of the most discriminatory metabolites identified by PCA and OPLSDA were compared between subject groups using an independent samples Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) test with all pairwise multiple comparisons. Within the patient subgroups, the MannWhitney U test was used to compare metabolite levels depending on hepatitis B e-antigen(HBe Ag) status and treatment with anti-viral therapy. A BenjaminiHochberg adjustment was applied to acquire the level of significance for multiple testing, with a declared level of statistical significance of P < 0.05.RESULTS: There were significant differences in age(P < 0.001), weight(P < 0.001), and body mass index(P < 0.001) across the four clinical subgroups. Serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT) was significantly higher in the HCC group compared to controls(P < 0.001); serum α-fetoprotein was generally markedly elevated in HCC compared to controls; and serum creatinine levels were significantly reduced in the HCC group compared to the cirrhosis group(P = 0.004). A threefactor PCA scores plot showed clustering of the urinary NMR spectra from the four subgroups. Metabolites that contributed to the discrimination between the subgroups included acetate, creatine, creatinine, dimethyamine(DMA), formate, glycine, hippurate, and trimethylamine-N-oxide(TMAO). A comparison of relative metabolite levels confirmed that carnitine was significantly increased in HCC; and creatinine, hippurate, and TMAO were significantly reduced in HCC compared to the other subgroups. HBe Ag negative patients showed a significant increase in creatinine(P = 0.001) compared to HBe Ag positive patients in the chronic hepatitis B subgroup, whilst HBe Ag negative patients showed a significant decrease in DMA(P = 0.004) in the cirrhosis subgroup compared to HBe Ag positive patients. There were no differences in metabolite levels in HCC patients who did or did not receive antiviral treatment. CONCLUSION: Urinary NMR changes in Bangladeshi HCC were identified, corroborating previous findings from Egypt and West Africa. These findings could form the basis for the development of a cost-effective HCC dipstick screening test. | I Jane Cox Abil E Aliev Mary ME Crossey Mahvish Dawood Mamun Al-Mahtab Sheikh M Akbar Salimur Rahman Antonio Riva Roger Williams Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，16： | 4 |
| 13 | 英格兰和威尔士地区儿童恶性肿瘤与高压输电线距离的关系:一项病例-对照研究显示文摘目的 确定英格兰和威尔士地区儿童白血病及其他癌症发病率是否与其出生时家庭地址与高压电线的距离存在关系。设计 病例-对照研究。设置 癌症登记处和国家电力供应网的记录。对象1962-1995年,英格兰和威尔士地区出生的0-14岁的29081名癌症患儿中包括9700名白血病患儿。对照组依照性别、大致相同的出生日期、出生登记处等予以个体匹配。并不强求积极参与。主要结果测定 儿童出生时的家庭地址与当时最近的高架高压输电线问的距离(以下有时简称为距离)。结果 与生活在距输电线超过600米的儿童相比,距输电线200米之内的儿童患白血病的相对危险度为1.69(95%可信区间为1.13-2.53);200-600米间的发病相对危险度为1.23(1.02-1.49)。白血病发病风险与输电线相互距离的倒数存在显著相关性(P〈0.01)。毗邻输电线未发现增加儿童其他癌症的额外发病风险。结论 儿童白血病发病风险与出生时家庭地址距高压电线的远近存在相关关系,且风险程度超出了以往研究的预期。在英格兰和威尔士地区,出生时生活在距离高压输电线600米内的白血病患儿约占4%。如果这种相关是偶然的,那么在该地区约1%的儿童白血病是由于高压输电线导致的,尽管这种估计在统计学上具有相当的不确定性。没有其他可接受的生物学机制来解释这些流行病学结果;事实上这种联系可能源于偶然或混杂。 | Gerald Draper Tim Vincent Mary E Kroll John Swanson 李勇 | 2005 | 英国医学杂志中文版2005，8，6： | 4 |
| 14 | Adjunctive MSCs enhance myelin formation by xenogenic oligodendrocyte precursors transplanted in the retina显示文摘 | Aileen Arriola Mary E Kiel Yufang Shi Randall D McKinnon | 2010 | Cell Research2010，20，6： | 3 |
| 15 | Chemical conjugation of a novel antibody interleukin 2 immunoconjugate against c erbB 2 product显示文摘Objective To develop a new chemical method to produce a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 520C9/recombinant human interleukin 2 (rhIL 2) conjugate Methods MoAb 520C9 reactive with the protooncogene c erbB 2 product P185 was chemically conjugated with rhIL 2 by using a simple two step method First, the rhIL 2 was activated by Sulfosuccinimidyl 4 [N maleimidomethyl] cyclohexane 1 carboxylate, a heterobifunctional linker, and N succinimidyl s acetylthioacetate was introduced onto 520C9 Then SATA on the 520C9 was reacted with the maleimide group on the activated rhIL 2 to generate 520C9 rhIL 2 immunoconjugate Results The immunoconjugate retained the antigen binding activity compared to the respective native antibody as determined by an indirect live cell binding assay The immunoconjugate also possessed IL 2 activity as measured by the standard CTLL 2 cells proliferation assay and the stimulation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) into lymphokine activated killer cells Conclusion Our method of conjugation of rhIL 2 to 520C9 preserves the binding activity of the antibody and the cytokine function of IL 2 This simple and efficient method of conjugation should be applicable to other types of MoAbs and recombinant | 李君 Sharon E Lee Marie Belciug David B Ring Cheuk S Kwok | 2000 | Chinese Medical Journal2000，，2： | 3 |
| 16 | Sperm retrieval success and testicular histopathology in idiopathic nonobstructive azoospermia显示文摘Prior studies have investigated sperm retrieval rates in men with non obstructive azoospermia(NOA)secondary to specific etiologies,yet most cases of NOA are idiopathic.We compared sperm retrieval rates and testicular histopathology in idiopathic NOA(iNOA)and nonidiopathic NOA(niNOA).We performed a retrospective review of men with NOA who underwent microdissection testicular sperm extraction(microTESE)between 2000 and 2016.Men with no history of malignancy or cryptorchidism and negative genetic evaluation were considered idiopathic.Multivariable regression determined the association between idiopathic etiology and primary outcomes of sperm retrieval and active spermatogenesis on histopathology.Among 224 men,86(38.4%)were idiopathic,75(33.5%)were nonidiopathic,and 63(28.1%)did not undergo genetic testing.Median age and serum testosterone were higher among iNOA or no testing versus niNOA.Median follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)was lower among iNOA or no testing versus niNOA.A higher proportion of iNOA or no testing versus niNOA had a clinical varicocele.Sperm retrieval rates were similar between iNOA,niNOA,and no testing(41.8%vs 48.0%vs 55.6%,respectively;P=0.255).Active spermatogenesis was seen in a higher proportion of iNOA or no testing versus niNOA(31.4%and 27.0%vs 16.0%,P=0.073).On multivariable analysis,iNOA was not associated with sperm retrieval or spermatogenesis(P=0.430 and P=0.078,respectively).Rates of sperm retrieval and spermatogenesis on testis pathology were similar in men with iNOA and niNOA.These data will be useful to clinicians in preoperative counseling for men with NOA and negative genetic evaluation. | Arighno Das Joshua A Halpern Annie L Darves-Bornoz Mehul Patel James Wren Mary Kate Keeter Robert E Brannigan | 2020 | Asian Journal of Andrology2020，22，6： | 3 |
| 17 | Reproducibility of the diagnosis of dysplasia in Barrett esophagus: A reaffirmation显示文摘 | Elizabeth Montgomery Mary P Bronner John R Goldblum Joel K Greenson Marian M Haber John Hart Laura W Lamps Gregory Y Lauwers Audrey J Lazenby David N Lewin Marie E Robert Alicia Y Toledano Yu Shyr Kay Washington | 2001 | Human Pathology2001，，4： | 3 |
| 18 | Inhibiting Cxcr2 disrupts tumor-stromal interactions and improves survival in a mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma显示文摘 | Ijichi Hideaki Chytil Anna Gorska Agnieszka E Aakre Mary E Bierie Brian Tada Motohisa Mohri Dai Miyabayashi Koji Asaoka Yoshinari Maeda Shin Ikenoue Tsuneo Tateishi Keisuke Wright Christopher V E Koike Kazuhiko Omata Masao Moses Harold L | 2011 | Journal of Clinical Investigation2011，，10： | 3 |
| 19 | Portal vein thrombosis after splenectomy显示文摘 | Emily R Winslow L.Michael Brunt Jeffery A Drebin Nathaniel J Soper Mary E Klingensmith | 2002 | The American Journal of Surgery2002，，6： | 3 |
| 20 | Simulating global soil-CO_2 flux and its response to climate change显示文摘It has been argued that increased soil respiration would become a major atmospheric source of CO\-2 in the event of global warming. The simple statistical models were developed based on a georeferenced database with 0 5°×0 5° longitude/latitude resolution to simulate global soil\|CO\-2 fluxes, to investigate climatic effects on these fluxes using sensitivity experiments, and to assess possible responses of soil\|CO\-2 fluxes to various climate change scenarios. The statistical models yield a value of 69 PgC/a of global soil\|CO\-2 fluxes for current condition. Sensitivity experiments confirm that the fluxes are responsive to changes in temperature, precipitation and actual evapotranspiration, but increases in temperature and actual evapotranspiration affect soil\|CO 2 fluxes more than increases in precipitation. Using climatic change projections from four global circulation models, each corresponding to an equilibrium doubling of CO 2, it can be found that the largest increases in soil\|CO 2 fluxes were associated with the boreal and tundra regions. The globally averaged soil\|CO 2 fluxes were estimated to increase by about 35% above current values, providing a positive feedback to the greenhouse effect. | PENG Chang\|hui 1* , Michael J. Apps\+2 (1 Ontario Forest Research Institute, Ministry of Natural Resources, 1235 Queen Street East, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 2E5,Canada. E\|mail: pengc@gov.on.ca 2 Morthern Forestry Center, Canadian Forest Serv | 2000 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2000，12，3： | 2 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员