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| 1 | Endoscopic Kyoto classification of Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer risk diagnosis显示文摘Recent advances in endoscopic technology allow detailed observation of the gastric mucosa.Today,endoscopy is used in the diagnosis of gastritis to determine the presence/absence of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection and evaluate gastric cancer risk.In 2013,the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society advocated the Kyoto classification,a new grading system for endoscopic gastritis.The Kyoto classification organized endoscopic findings related to H.pylori infection.The Kyoto classification score is the sum of scores for five endoscopic findings(atrophy,intestinal metaplasia,enlarged folds,nodularity,and diffuse redness with or without regular arrangement of collecting venules)and ranges from 0 to 8.Atrophy,intestinal metaplasia,enlarged folds,and nodularity contribute to gastric cancer risk.Diffuse redness and regular arrangement of collecting venules are related to H.pylori infection status.In subjects without a history of H.pylori eradication,the infection rates in those with Kyoto scores of 0,1,and≥2 were 1.5%,45%,and 82%,respectively.A Kyoto classification score of 0 indicates no H.pylori infection.A Kyoto classification score of 2 or more indicates H.pylori infection.Kyoto classification scores of patients with and without gastric cancer were 4.8 and 3.8,respectively.A Kyoto classification score of 4 or more might indicate gastric cancer risk. | Osamu Toyoshima Toshihiro Nishizawa Kazuhiko Koike | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，5： | 44 |
| 2 | Role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the differential diagnosis of focal hepatic lesions显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the utility of diffusion-weighted im-aging(DWI)in screening and differential diagnosis of benign and malignant focal hepatic lesions.METHODS:Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)ex-aminations were performed using the Signa Excite Xl Twin Speed 1.5T system(GE Healthcare,Milwaukee,WI,USA).Seventy patients who had undergone MRI of the liver [29 hepatocellular carcinomas(HCC),four cholangiocarcinomas,34 metastatic liver cancers,10 hemangiomas,and eight cysts] between April 2004 and August 2008 were retrospectively evaluated.Visu-alization of lesions,relative contrast ratio(RCR),and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)were compared between benign and malignant lesions on DWI.Su-perparamagnetic iron oxide(SPIO)was administered to 59 patients,and RCR was compared pre-and post-administration.RESULTS:DWI showed higher contrast between ma-lignant lesions(especially in multiple small metastatic cancers)and surrounding liver parenchyma than did contrast-enhanced computed tomography.ADCs(mean ± SD × 10-3 mm2/s)were signif icantly lower(P < 0.05)in malignant lesions(HCC:1.31 ± 0.28 and liver me-tastasis:1.11 ± 0.22)and were signifi cantly higher in benign lesions(hemangioma:1.84 ± 0.37 and cyst:2.61 ± 0.45)than in the surrounding hepatic tissues.RCR between malignant lesions and surrounding he-patic tissues signifi cantly improved after SPIO adminis-tration,but RCRs in benign lesions were not improved.CONCLUSION:DWI is a simple and sensitive method for screening focal hepatic lesions and is useful for dif-ferential diagnosis. | Naoto Koike Akihiro Cho Katsuhiro Nasu Kazuhiko Seto Shigeyuki Nagaya Yuji Ohshima Nobuhiro Ohkohchi | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，46： | 38 |
| 3 | Endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial esophageal neoplasms显示文摘Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) is currently accepted as the major treatment modality for superficial neoplasms in the gastrointestinal tract including the esophagus.An important advantage of ESD is its effectiveness in resecting lesions regardless of their size and severity of fibrosis.Based on excellent outcomes for esophageal neoplasms with a small likelihood of lymph node metastasis,the number of ESD candidates has increased.On the other hand,ESD still requires highly skilled endoscopists due to technical difficulties.To avoid unnecessary complications including perforation and postoperative stricture,the indications for ESD require careful consideration and a full understanding of this modality.This article,in the highlight topic series,provides detailed information on the indication,procedure,outcome,complications and their prevention in ESD of superficial esophageal neoplasms. | Satoshi Ono Mitsuhiro Fujishiro Kazuhiko Koike | 2012 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2012，4，5： | 32 |
| 4 | 青藏高原中部降水稳定同位素变化与季风活动显示文摘根据1998年夏季中日GAME/Tibet项目在青藏高原中部进行的降水中稳定同位素研究结果以及相关的气象观测资料,分析了青藏高原中部夏季降水中δ18O的变化规律。研究结果发现,青藏高原中部夏季降水中δ18O的波动与大规模天气活动有关,而不是地方性的气象条件。该地区降水中δ18O对水汽来源的变化以及水汽的输送过程十分敏感。夏季伴随西南季风进入高原南部的水汽形成的降水中δ18O较低,而且季风活动越强,降水中δ18O也越低。从青藏高原北部而来的水汽或地方蒸发水汽形成的降水,其δ18O值较高。 | 田立德 姚檀栋 孙维贞 Numagyti Atusi Koike Toshio | 2001 | 地球化学2001，30，3： | 27 |
| 5 | Initial management for acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding显示文摘Acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding(LGIB) is a common indication for hospital admission. Patients with LGIB often experience persistent or recurrent bleeding and require blood transfusions and interventions, such as colonoscopic,radiological, and surgical treatments. Appropriate decision-making is needed to initially manage acute LGIB, including emergency hospitalization, timing of colonoscopy, and medication use. In this literature review, we summarize the evidence for initial management of acute LGIB. Assessing various clinical factors,including comorbidities, medication use, presenting symptoms, vital signs, and laboratory data is useful for risk stratification of severe LGIB, and for discriminating upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Early timing of colonoscopy had the possibility of improving identification of the bleeding source, and the rate of endoscopic intervention, compared with elective colonoscopy. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography before colonoscopy may help identify stigmata of recent hemorrhage on colonoscopy, particularly in patients who can be examined immediately after the last hematochezia. How to deal with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) and antithrombotic agents after hemostasis should be carefully considered because of the risk of rebleeding and thromboembolic events. In general, aspirin as primary prophylaxis for cardiovascular events and NSAIDs were suggested to be discontinued after LGIB. Managing acute LGIB based on this information would improve clinical outcomes. Further investigations are needed to distinguish patients with LGIB who require early colonoscopy and hemostatic intervention. | Tomonori Aoki Yoshihiro Hirata Atsuo Yamada Kazuhiko Koike | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，1： | 28 |
| 6 | Serum biomarker tests are useful in delineating between patients with gastric atrophy and normal,healthy stomach显示文摘AIM:To study the value of serum biomarker tests to differentiate between patients with healthy or diseased stomach mucosa:i.e.those with Helicobacter pylori(H pylori)gastritis or atrophic gastritis,who have a high risk of gastric cancer or peptic ulcer diseases.METHODS:Among 162 Japanese outpatients,pepsinogen-(Pg-)and(Pg)were measured using a conventional Japanese technique,and the European GastroPanel examination(Pg and Pg,gastrin-17 and H pylori antibodies).Gastroscopy with gastric biopsies was performed to classify the patients into those with healthy stomach mucosa,H pylori non-atrophic gastritis or atrophic gastritis.RESULTS:Pg-and Pg assays with the GastroPanel and the Japanese method showed a highly significant correlation.For methodological reasons,however,serum Pg-,but not Pg,was twice as high with the GastroPanel test as with the Japanese test.The biomarker assays revealed that 5%of subjects had advanced atrophic corpus gastritis which was also verified by endoscopic biopsies.GastroPanel examination revealed an additional seven patients who had either advanced atrophic gastritis limited to the antrum or antrum-predominant H pylori gastritis.When compared to the endoscopic biopsy findings,the GastroPanel examination classified the patients into groups with 'healthy' or 'diseased' stomach mucosa with 94% accuracy,95% sensitivity and 93% specifi city.CONCLUSION:Serum biomarker tests can be used to differentiate between subjects with healthy and diseased gastric mucosa with high accuracy. | Katsunori Iijima Yasuhiko Abe Ryosuke Kikuchi Tomoyuki Koike Shuichi Ohara Pentti Sipponen Tooru Shimosegawa | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，7： | 25 |
| 7 | Clinical benefit of radiation therapy and metallic stenting for unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma显示文摘AIM:To determine the efficacy of external beam radiotherapy(EBRT),with or without intraluminal brachytherapy(ILBT),in patients with non-resected locally advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma.METHODS:We analyzed 64 patients with locally advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma,including 25 who underwent resection(17 curative and 8 non-curative),28 treated with radiotherapy,and 11 who received best supportive care(BSC).The radiotherapy group received EBRT(50 Gy,30 fractions),with 11 receiving an additional 24 Gy(4 fractions) ILBT by iridium-192 with remote after loading.ILBT was performed using percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage(PTBD) route.Uncovered metallic stents(UMS) were inserted into nonresected patients with obstructive jaundice,with the exception of four patients who received percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage only.UMS were placed endoscopically or percutaneously,depending on the initial drainage procedure.The primary endpoints were patient death or stent occlusion.Survival time of patients in the radiotherapy group was compared with that of patients in the resection and BSC groups.Stent patency was compared in the radiotherapy and BSC groups.RESULTS:No statistically significant differences in patient characteristics were found among the resection,radiotherapy,and BSC groups.Three patients in the radiotherapy group and one in the BSC group did not receive UMS insertion but received PTBD alone;cholangitis occurred after endoscopic stenting,and patients were treated with PTBD.A total of 16 patients were administered additional systemic chemotherapy(5-fluorouracil-based regimen in 9,S-1 in 6,and gemcitabine in 1).Overall survival varied significantly among groups,with median survival times of 48.7 mo in the surgery group,22.1 mo in the radiotherapy group,and 5.7 mo in the BSC group.Patients who underwent curative resection survived significantly longer than those who were not candidates for surgery(P = 0.0076).Cumulative survival in the radiotherapy group was significantly longer than in the BSC group(P = 0.0031),but did not differ significantly from those in the non-resection group.Furthermore,the median survival time of patients in the radiotherapy group who were considered for possible resection(excluding the seven patients who were not candidates for surgery due to comorbid disease or age) was 25.9 mo.Stent patency was evaluated only in the 24 patients who received a metallic stent.Stent patency was significantly longer in the radiotherapy than in the BSC group(P = 0.0165).Biliary drainage was not eliminated in any patient.To determine the efficacy of ILBT,we compared survival time and stent patency in the EBRT alone and EBRT plus ILBT groups.However,we found no significant difference in survival time between groups or for stent patencies.Hemorrhagic gastroduodenal ulcers were observed in 5 patients(17.9%),three in the EBRT plus ILBT group and two in the EBRT alone group.Ulcers occurred 5 mo,7 mo,8 mo,16 mo,and 29 mo following radiotherapy.All patients required hospitalization,but blood transfusions were unnecessary.All 5 patients recovered following the administration of anti-ulcer medication.CONCLUSION:Radiotherapy improved patient prognosis and the patency of uncovered metallic stents in patients with locally advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma,but ILBT provided no additional benefits. | Hiroyuki Isayama Takeshi Tsujino Yousuke Nakai Takashi Sasaki Keiichi Nakagawa Hideomi Yamashita Taku Aoki Kazuhiko Koike | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，19： | 24 |
| 8 | 早期胃癌内镜下切除日本指南的历史和未来展望显示文摘日本胃癌治疗指南首次发表于2001年,其目的是为了明确不同治疗方案的适应证,从而减少不同医疗机构间治疗方式的差异。随着病例的积累及内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)的发展,早期胃癌(EGC)内镜下切除(ER)的适应证和治愈性范围有所扩大,但是,仍有部分问题亟待解决。使用风险评分系统(eCura system)评估淋巴结转移(LNM)的情况,可能有助于确定不符合内镜切除标准的EGC患者的治疗方案。对于不符合内镜切除标准的EGC患者,即最新指南中的eCura C-2分期的患者,尽管他们的LNM风险较高,但对于很多患者来说,追加胃切除联合淋巴结清扫术仍然是过度的治疗。而保留功能的低侵入性手术,如内镜下非开放式胃壁反转切除术联合腹腔镜前哨淋巴结活检,有可能会解决该问题。此外,对于拒绝追加胃切除术的患者,可采取更多的低侵入性治疗方式,如ER联合化疗。 | Waku Hatta Takuji Gotoda Tomoyuki Koike Atsushi Masamune 丁士刚(译) 张冬雪(译) 乌雅罕(译) | 2020 | 中华胃肠内镜电子杂志2020，7，1： | 22 |
| 9 | Multicenter study of endoscopic preoperative biliary drainage for malignant distal biliary obstruction显示文摘AIM: To determine the optimal method of endoscopic preoperative biliary drainage for malignant distal biliary obstruction.METHODS: Multicenter retrospective study was conducted in patients who underwent plastic stent(PS) or nasobiliary catheter(NBC) placement for resectable malignant distal biliary obstruction followed by surgery between January 2010 and March 2012. Procedurerelated adverse events, stent/catheter dysfunction(occlusion or migration of PS/NBC, developmentof cholangitis, or other conditions that required repeat endoscopic biliary intervention), and jaundice resolution(bilirubin level < 3.0 mg/d L) were evaluated. Cumulative incidence of jaundice resolution and dysfunction of PS/NBC were estimated using competing risk analysis. Patient characteristics and preoperative biliary drainage were also evaluated for association with the time to jaundice resolution and PS/NBC dysfunction using competing risk regression analysis.RESULTS: In total, 419 patients were included in the study(PS, 253 and NBC, 166). Primary cancers included pancreatic cancer in 194 patients(46%), bile duct cancer in 172(41%), gallbladder cancer in three(1%), and ampullary cancer in 50(12%). The median serum total bilirubin was 7.8 mg/d L and 324 patients(77%) had ≥ 3.0 mg/d L. During the median time to surgery of 29 d [interquartile range(IQR), 30-39 d]. PS/NBC dysfunction rate was 35% for PS and 18% for NBC [Subdistribution hazard ratio(SHR) = 4.76; 95%CI: 2.44-10.0, P < 0.001]; the pig-tailed tip was a risk factor for PS dysfunction. Jaundice resolution was achieved in 85% of patients and did not depend on the drainage method(PS or NBC).CONCLUSION: PS has insufficient patency for preoperative biliary drainage. Given the drawbacks of external drainage via NBC, an alternative method of internal drainage should be explored. | Naoki Sasahira Tsuyoshi Hamada Osamu Togawa Ryuichi Yamamoto Tomohisa Iwai Kiichi Tamada Yoshiaki Kawaguchi Kenji Shimura Takero Koike Yu Yoshida Kazuya Sugimori Shomei Ryozawa Toshiharu Kakimoto Ko Nishikawa Katsuya Kitamura Tsunao Imamura Masafumi Mizuide Nobuo Toda Iruru Maetani Yuji Sakai Takao Itoi Masatsugu Nagahama Yousuke Nakai Hiroyuki Isayama | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，14： | 18 |
| 10 | Bleeding after endoscopic submucosal dissection: Risk factors and preventive methods显示文摘Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) has become widely accepted as a standard method of treatment for superficial gastrointestinal neoplasms because it enables en block resection even for large lesions or fibrotic lesions with minimal invasiveness, and decreases the local recurrence rate. Moreover, specimens resected in an en block fashion enable accurate histological assessment. Taking these factors into consideration, ESD seems to be more advantageous than conventional endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR), but the associated risks of perioperative adverse events are higher than in EMR. Bleeding after ESD is the most frequent among these adverse events. Although post-ESD bleeding can be controlled by endoscopic hemostasis in most cases, it may lead to serious conditions including hemorrhagic shock. Even with preventive methods including administration of acid secretion inhibitors and preventive hemostasis, post-ESD bleeding cannot be completely prevented. In addition high-risk cases for post-ESD bleeding, which include cases with the use of antithrombotic agents or which require large resection, are increasing. Although there have been many reports about associated risk factors and methods of preventing post-ESD bleeding, many issues remain unsolved. Therefore, in this review, we have overviewed risk factors and methods of preventing post-ESD bleeding from previous studies. Endoscopists should have sufficient knowledge of these risk factors and preventive methods when performing ESD. | Yosuke Kataoka Yosuke Tsuji Yoshiki Sakaguchi Chihiro Minatsuki Itsuko Asada-Hirayama Keiko Niimi Satoshi Ono Shinya Kodashima Nobutake Yamamichi Mitsuhiro Fujishiro Kazuhiko Koike | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，26： | 16 |
| 11 | Helicobacter pylori infection and liver diseases: Epidemiology and insights into pathogenesis显示文摘Both Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection and liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD), viral hepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), have high prevalences worldwide, and the relationship between H. pylori infection and liver disease has been discussed for many years. Although positive correlations between H. pylori and NAFLD have been identified in some clinical and experimental studies, nega-tive correlations have also been obtained in high-quality clinical studies. Associations between H. pylori and the pathogenesis of chronic viral hepatitis, mainly disease progression with fibrosis, have also been suggested in some clinical studies. Concerning HCC, a possible role for H. pylori in hepatocarcinogenesis has been identified since H. pylori genes have frequently been detected in resected HCC specimens. However, no study hasrevealed the direct involvement of H. pylori in promoting the development of HCC. Although findings regarding the correlations between H. pylori and liver disease pathogenesis have been accumulating, the existing data do not completely lead to an unequivocal conclusion. Further high-quality clinical and experimental analyses are necessary to evaluate the efficacy of H. pylori eradication in ameliorating the histopathological changes observed in each liver disease. | Kazuya Okushin Takeya Tsutsumi Kazuhiko Ikeuchi Akira Kado Kenichiro Enooku Hidetaka Fujinaga Kyoji Moriya Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi Kazuhiko Koike | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，32： | 15 |
| 12 | Chemotherapy as a component of multimodal therapy for gastric carcinoma显示文摘局部地先进的胃的癌症的预后仍然保持差,并且几多,包含外科,化疗,和放射的形式策略在临床的试用被测试了。独自与外科在治疗上测试手术后的辅助化疗的利益的阶段 III 试用几乎没在幸存上揭示很少影响,与在西方的国家的一些小试用的例外。从探索手术后的 chemoradiation 的美国的大试用是在这个范畴的第一主要成功。从日本试用的结果建议有口头的 fluoropyrimidines 的中等化疗可能对更少进展(T2 阶段) 是有效的癌症,尽管另一确定的试用被需要证明这,指。调查者最近转到 neoadjuvant 化疗,并且一些有希望的结果从阶段 II trials using 被报导了活跃的药联合。在 2005,测试在前和手术后的化疗的大阶段 III 试用为将切除证明了它的幸存利益有能力的胃的癌症。因为病理学的完全的反应的率被认为影响这策略的治疗结果,进一步增加病理学的完全的反应的发生的 neoadjuvant chemoradiation 能是突破,并且分阶段执行测试这策略的 III 研究在不久的将来可以被保证。 | Yasuhiro Kodera Michitaka Fujiwara Masahiko Koike Akimasa Nakao | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，13： | 12 |
| 13 | Staging systems for hepatocellular carcinoma: Current status and future perspectives显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is a major health concern worldwide and the third cause of cancer-related death. Despite advances in treatment as well as careful surveillance programs, the mortality rates in most countries are very high. In contrast to other cancers, the prognosis and treatment of HCC depend on the tumor burden in addition to patient's underlying liver disease and liver functional reserve. Moreover, thereis considerable geographic and institutional variation in both risk factors attributable to the underlying liver diseases and the management of HCC. Therefore, although many staging and/or scoring systems have been proposed, there is currently no globally accepted system for HCC due to the extreme heterogeneity of the disease. The aim of this review is to focus on currently available staging systems as well as those newly reported in the literatures since 2012. Moreover, we describe problems with currently available staging systems and attempts to modify and/or add variables to existing staging systems. | Akiyoshi Kinoshita Hiroshi Onoda Nao Fushiya Kazuhiko Koike Hirokazu Nishino Hisao Tajiri | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，3： | 10 |
| 14 | Hepatitis B virus pathogenesis: Fresh insights into hepatitis B virus RNA显示文摘Hepatitis B virus(HBV) is still a worldwide health concern. While divergent factors are involved in its pathogenesis, it is now clear that HBV RNAs, principally templates for viral proteins and viral DNAs, have diverse biological functions involved in HBV pathogenesis. These functions include viral replication, hepatic fibrosis and hepatocarcinogenesis. Depending on the sequence similarities, HBV RNAs may act as sponges for host mi RNAs and may deregulate mi RNA functions, possibly leading to pathological consequences. Some parts of the HBV RNA molecule may function as viralderived mi RNA, which regulates viral replication. HBV DNA can integrate into the host genomic DNA and produce novel viral-host fusion RNA, which may have pathological functions. To date, elimination of HBVderived covalently closed circular DNA has not been achieved. However, RNA transcription silencing may be an alternative practical approach to treat HBVinduced pathogenesis. A full understanding of HBV RNA transcription and the biological functions of HBV RNA may open a new avenue for the development of novel HBV therapeutics. | Kazuma Sekiba Motoyuki Otsuka Motoko Ohno Mari Yamagami Takahiro Kishikawa Tatsunori Suzuki Rei Ishibashi Takahiro Seimiya Eri Tanaka Kazuhiko Koike | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，21： | 10 |
| 15 | Helicobacter pylori-negative,non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug:Negative idiopathic ulcers in Asia显示文摘Since the discovery of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection in the stomach,the bacteria infection and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)use had been considered to be the 2 main causes of peptic ulcers.However,there have been recent reports of an increase in the proportion of peptic ulcers without these known risk factors;these are termed idiopathic peptic ulcers.Such trend was firstly indicated in 1990s from some reports in North America.In Asia,numerous studies reported that idiopathic ulcers accounted for a small percentage of all ulcers in the 1990s,but in the2000s,multiple studies reported that the proportion of idiopathic ulcers had reached 10%-30%,indicating that the incidence of idiopathic ulcers in Asia has also been rising in recent years.While a decline in H.pylori infection rates of general population in Asia is seen as the main reason for the increased incidence of idiopathic ulcers,it is also possible that the absolute number of idiopathic ulcer cases has increased.Advanced age,serious systemic complication,and psychological stress are considered to be the potential risk factors for idiopathic ulcers.Management of idiopathic ulcers is challenging,at present,because there is no effective preventative measure against recurrence in contrast with cases of H.pylori-positive ulcers and NSAIDs-induced ulcers.As it is expected that H.pylori infection rates in Asia will decline further in the future,measures to treat idiopathic ulcers will also likely become more important. | Katsunori Iijima Takeshi Kanno Tomoyuki Koike Tooru Shimosegawa | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，3： | 10 |
| 16 | 中国东北地区兴安落叶松林树干呼吸的研究(英文)显示文摘树干呼吸是森林碳平衡估计中的一个重要项目同时还能够显示树木的活力.对于如何准确估计森林树干呼吸释放CO2总量还存在争论.在本项研究中,2001~2002连续两年在一个33年生的兴安落叶松(Larix gmelini Rupr.)人工林内对树干呼吸进行了测定,同时测定了不同高度树干呼吸、呼吸的日变化、同龄落叶松林内不同个体的树干呼吸以及相关生长状态因子、水分因子和温度因子.结果显示:1)树干上部的呼吸速率在不同季节都高于下部呼吸速率,树干温度的差异能够一定程度上解释这种差异;2)树干呼吸有午间降低的现象,上午的测定结果树干温度与树干呼吸速率紧密相关,而下午则温度依赖性很小,土壤、空气、小枝木质部水势、叶片蒸腾速率和气孔导度都显示下午植物水分亏缺下午较上午严重,呼吸的这种上下午温度相关性的差异可能受这种水分亏缺的影响;3)在同龄林内,树木个体生长状态包括平均生长速率和树冠投影面积与树干呼吸速率有显著相关关系,而树干温度与之相关性很小.幂指数模型和S曲线模型能够产生较好的拟合效果;4)树干呼吸季节变化明显,7月份出现最大值,但同一月份的年间差异较大.自然指数模型能够较好地拟合温度与树干呼吸的季节变化规律.Q10值在2.22(2001年)和3.53(2002年)之间,与以往研究的结果相当.从以上结果可以看出,通过单一的Q10值估计森林树干呼吸总量会产生偏差,要想得到准确的估计,至少应该考虑生长状态的差异和水分状态的差异. | 王文杰 杨逢建 祖元刚 王慧梅 TAKAGI Kentaro SASA Kaichiro KOIKE Takayoshi | 2003 | Acta Botanica Sinica2003，45，12： | 10 |
| 17 | Serum anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody titer and its association with gastric nodularity,atrophy,and age:A cross-sectional study显示文摘AIM To clarify the role of serum anti-Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) antibody titers in gastric cancer.METHODS In this cross-sectional study, the effect of patients' baseline characteristics and endoscopic findings on their serum antibody titers were assessed. We evaluated consecutive patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy and their first evaluation for H. pylori infection using a serum antibody test. We excluded patients with a history of eradication therapy. The participants were divided into four groups according to their E-plate serum antibody titer. Patients with serum antibody titers < 3, 3-9.9, 10-49.9, and ≥ 50 U/m L were classified into groups A, B, C, and D, respectively. RESULTS In total, 874 participants were analyzed with 70%, 16%, 8.7%, and 5.1% of them in the groups A, B, C, and D, respectively. Patients in group C were older than patients in groups A and B. Gastric open-type atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, enlarged folds, diffuse redness, and duodenal ulcers were associated with a high titer. Regular arrangements of collecting venules, fundic gland polyps, superficial gastritis, and gastroesophageal reflux disease were related to a low titer. Multivariate analysis revealed that nodularity(P = 0.0094), atrophy(P = 0.0076), and age 40-59 years(vs age ≥ 60 years, P = 0.0090) were correlated with a high serum antibody titer in H. pylori-infected patients. Intestinal metaplasia and atrophy were related to age ≥ 60 years in group C and D.CONCLUSION Serum antibody titer changes with age, reflects gastric mucosal inflammation, and is useful in predicting the risk of gastric cancer. | Osamu Toyoshima Toshihiro Nishizawa Kosuke Sakitani Tadahiro Yamakawa Yoshiyuki Takahashi Nobutake Yamamichi Keisuke Hata Yasuyuki Seto Kazuhiko Koike Hidenobu Watanabe Hidekazu Suzuki | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，35： | 9 |
| 18 | Irsogladine maleate and rabeprazole in non-erosive reflux disease: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of adding irsogladine maleate(IM) to proton-pump inhibitor(PPI) therapy in non-erosive reflux disease(NERD) treatment.METHODS:One hundred patients with NERD were recruited and randomized to receive rabeprazole plus IM(group I) or rabeprazole plus placebo(group P).The efficacy of the treatment was assessed using the Frequency Scale for the Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(FSSG) and the short form(SF)-36 quality of life questionnaires after four weeks of treatment.We also assessed whether patients with NERD with minimal changes(grade M) had different responses to the therapies compared with patients who did not have minimal changes(grade N).RESULTS:Group I and group P showed significant improvements in their FSSG scores after the treatment(from 17.9 ± 7.9 to 9.0 ± 7.6, and from 17.7 ± 7.3 to 11.2 ± 7.9, respectively, P = 0.0001), but there was no statistically significant difference between the FSSG scores in group I and those in group P.Subgroup analysis showed that significant improvements in the FSSG scores occurred in the patients in group I who had NERD grade N(modified Los Angeles classification)(7.8 ± 7.4 vs 12.5 ± 9.8, P = 0.041).The SF-36 scores for patients with NERD grade N who had received IM and rabeprazole were significantly improved in relation to their vitality and mental health scores.CONCLUSION:The addition of IM to rabeprazole significantly improves gastroesophageal reflux diseasesymptoms and the quality of the lives of patients with NERD grade N. | Takayoshi Suzuki Masashi Matsushima Aya Masui Shingo Tsuda Jin Imai Jun Nakamura Yoko Tsukune Tetsufumi Uchida Hiroki Yuhara Muneki Igarashi Jun Koike Tetsuya Mine | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，16： | 8 |
| 19 | Improvement of prognosis for unresectable biliary tract cancer显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the chemotherapeutic outcomes and confirm the recent improvement of prognosis for unresectable biliary tract cancer.METHODS:A total of 186 consecutive patients with unresectable biliary tract cancer,who had been treated with chemotherapy between 2000 and 2009 at five institutions in Japan,were retrospectively analyzed.These patients were divided into three groups based on the year beginning chemotherapy:Group A(2000-2003),Group B(2004-2006),and Group C(2007-2009).The data were fixed at the end of December 2011.Overall survival and time-to-progression were analyzed and compared chronologically.RESULTS:No patient characteristics were significantly different among the three groups.The gallbladder was involved in about half of the patients in each group,and metastatic biliary tract cancer was present in three quarters of the enrollees.In Group A,5-fluorouracilbased chemotherapies were primarily selected as firstline chemotherapy,and only 24% were treated with second-line chemotherapy.In Group B,gemcitabine or S-1 monotherapy was mainly introduced as firstline chemotherapy,and 51% of the patients who were refractory to first-line chemotherapy were treated with second-line chemotherapy mainly with monotherapy.In Group C,the combination therapy with gemcitabine and S-1 was mainly chosen as first-line chemotherapy,and 53% of the patients refractory to first-line chemotherapy were treated with second-line chemotherapy mainly with combination therapy.The median timeto-progressions were 4.4 mo,3.5 mo and 5.9 mo in Groups A,B and C,respectively(4.4 mo vs 3.5 mo vs 5.9 mo,P < 0.01).The median overall survivals were 7.1,7.3,and 11.7 mo in Groups A,B and C(7.1 mo vs 7.3 mo vs 11.7 mo,P = 0.03).Induction rates of all three drugs(gemcitabine,platinum analogs,and fluoropyrimidine) in Groups A,B and C were 4%,2% and 27%(4% vs 2% vs 27%,P < 0.01).CONCLUSION:The prognosis of unresectable biliary tract cancer has improved recently.Using three effective drugs(gemcitabine,platinum analogs,and fluoropyrimidine) may improve the prognosis of this cancer. | Takashi Sasaki Hiroyuki Isayama Yousuke Nakai Naminatsu Takahara Naoki Sasahira Hirofumi Kogure Suguru Mizuno Hiroshi Yagioka Yukiko Ito Natsuyo Yamamoto Kenji Hirano Nobuo Toda Minoru Tada Masao Omata Kazuhiko Koike | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，1： | 8 |
| 20 | Circulating RNAs as new biomarkers for detecting pancreatic cancer显示文摘Pancreatic cancer remains difficult to treat and has a high mortality rate.It is difficult to diagnose early mainly due to the lack of screening imaging modalities and specific biomarkers.Consequently,it is important to develop biomarkers that enable the detection of early stage tumors.Emerging evidence is accumulating that tumor cells release substantial amounts of RNA into the bloodstream that strongly resist RNases in the blood and are present at sufficient levels for quantitative analyses.These circulating RNAs are upregulated in the serum and plasma of cancer patients,including those with pancreatic cancer,compared with healthy controls.The majority of RNA biomarker studies have assessed circulating microRNAs(miRs),which are often tissue-specific.There are few reports of the tumorspecific upregulation of other types of small noncoding RNAs(ncRNAs),such as small nucleolar RNAs and Piwi-interacting RNAs.Long ncRNAs(IncRNAs),such as HOTAIR and MALAT1,in the serum/plasma of pancreatic cancer patients have also been reported as diagnostic and prognostic markers.Among tissuederived RNAs,some miRs show increased expression even in pre-cancerous tissues,and their expression profiles may allow for the discrimination between a chronic inflammatory state and carcinoma.Additionally,some miRs and IncRNAs have been reported with significant alterations in expression according to disease progression,and they may thus represent potential candidate diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers that may be used to evaluate patients once detection methods in peripheral blood are well established.Furthermore,recent innovations in high-throughput sequencing techniques have enabled the discovery of unannotated tumor-associated ncRNAs and tumor-specific alternative splicing as novel and specific biomarkers of cancers.Although much work is required to clarify the release mechanism,origin of tumor-specific circulating RNAs,and selectivity of carrier complexes,and technical advances must also be achieved,such as creating a consensus normalization protocol for quantitative data analysis,circulating RNAs are largely unexplored and might represent novel clinical biomarkers. | Takahiro Kishikawa Motoyuki Otsuka Motoko Ohno Takeshi Yoshikawa Akemi Takata Kazuhiko Koike | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，28： | 8 |
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