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| 1 | 中国1型糖尿病的社会成见:请停止对这种可控慢性病患者的歧视显示文摘社会成见(也称'污名化')是阻碍1型糖尿病患者得到更好医疗保障的顽固壁垒。这篇述评描述了目前中国存在的针对1型糖尿病患者的社会成见现象。在中国,社会成见给1型糖尿病患者带来歧视和对个体的贬低。1型糖尿病患者因社会成见在择偶、升学、就业中遭受的不公正待遇迫使很多患者隐瞒他们的疾病。社会成见给1型糖尿病患者带来的耻辱感、恐惧感和负罪感会妨碍他们应用能更好地控制血糖的胰岛素泵或每日多次皮下注射胰岛素来管理血糖,因为运用这些治疗方法会要求患者在学校或工作单位进行餐前胰岛素注射和血糖监测。同时,社会成见也使他们不愿参加与1型糖尿病相关的科研活动,或那些可能让他们获益的健康促进活动。目前亟需多方面、多层次的行动来改变这种社会成见。这包括:提高公众对于1型糖尿病的认识和理解;医疗工作者从整体医疗而不是仅从生物医学角度出发来管理1型糖尿病;辅导患者发展积极应对的技能;考虑到中国现实的社会心理环境,扩展1型糖尿病研究的范围。近期,在中国全国播出的一部关于1型糖尿病的纪录片,正是朝向这正确方向迈进的重要一步。我们相信,通过协调各相关方的行动,终会给1型糖尿病的治疗带来重要的改善、提高这些身患慢性但可控疾病患者的身心健康。 | 刘蔚 纪立农 苏夜阳 Lindsay M.Jaacks Elizabeth J.Mayer-Davis | 2015 | 中国糖尿病杂志2015，23，3： | 31 |
| 2 | Acupuncture's Role in Solving the Opioid Epidemic: Evidence, Cost-Effectiveness, and Care Availability for Acupuncture as a Primary, Non-Pharmacologic Method for Pain Relief and Management-White Paper 2017显示文摘The United States(U.S.) is facing a national opioid epidemic, and medical systems are in need of nonpharmacologic strategies that can be employed to decrease the public's opioid dependence. Acupuncture has emerged as a powerful, evidence-based, safe, cost-effective, and available treatment modality suitable to meeting this need. Acupuncture has been shown to be effective for the management of numerous types of pain conditions, and mechanisms of action for acupuncture have been described and are understandable from biomedical, physiologic perspectives. Further, acupuncture's cost-effectiveness can dramatically decrease health care expenditures, both from the standpoint of treating acute pain and through avoiding addiction to opioids that requires costly care, destroys quality of life, and can lead to fatal overdose. Numerous federal regulatory agencies have advised or mandated that healthcare systems and providers offer non-pharmacologic treatment options for pain. Acupuncture stands out as the most evidence-based, immediately available choice to fulfil these calls. Acupuncture can safely, easily, and cost-effectively be incorporated into hospital settings as diverse as the emergency department, labor and delivery suites, andneonatal intensive care units to treat a variety of commonly seen pain conditions. Acupuncture is already being successful y and meaningfully utilized by the Veterans Administration and various branches of the U.S. Military, in some studies demonstrably decreasing the volume of opioids prescribed when included in care. | arthur yin fan david w.miller bonnie bolash matthew bauer john mcdonald sarah faggert hongjian he yong ming li amy matecki lindy camardella mel hopper koppelman jennifer a.m.stone lindsay meade john pang | 2017 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2017，15，6： | 29 |
| 3 | Pathophysiology of constipation in the older adult显示文摘This review provides information on the definition of constipation, normal continence and defecation and a description of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of constipation. In addition, changes in the anatomy and physiology of the lower gastrointestinal tract associated with aging that may contribute to constipation are described. MEDLINE (1966-2007) and CINAHL (1980-2007) were searched. The following MeSH terms were used: constipation/etiology OR constipation/ physiology OR constipation/physiopathology) AND (age factors OR aged OR older OR 80 and over OR middle age). Constipation is not well defined in the literature. While self-reported constipation increases with age, findings from a limited number of clinical studies that utilized objective measures do not support this association. Dysmotility and pelvic floor dysfunction are important mechanisms associated with constipation. Changes in GI function associated with aging appear to be relatively subtle based on a limited amount of conflicting data. Additional research is warranted on the effects of aging on GI function, as well as on the timing of these changes. | G Lindsay McCrea Christine Miaskowski Nancy A Stotts Liz Macera Madhulika G Varma | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，17： | 21 |
| 4 | 应用药物代谢动力学模型评价前列腺不同组织的MRI增强作用显示文摘目的 :应用两室药物代谢动力学模型评价前列腺癌、前列腺增生和正常前列腺周围带的MRI增强特点。方法 :对 78例经病理组织学证实的前列腺癌 ,使用GESignaAdvantage 1.5T超导磁共振成像仪 ,采用FMPSPGR序列针对前列腺 (4层或 5层 )进行动态增强扫描 ,层厚 7mm ,层间间隔 2mm ,连续扫描采样 35次 ,Gd -DTPA经肘静脉置留导管按0 1mmol/kg体重在扫描开始的同时快速注射。将扫描数据传送的计算机工作站 ,应用两室药物代谢动力学模型进行分析 ,分别计算出不同ROI,前列腺癌、前列腺良性增生和正常前列腺周围带的最大增强指数 (maximenhancementindex)、对造影剂的吸收幅度 (amplitudeofuptake)、造影剂的交换率 (exchangerate)和造影剂分布指数 (distributionindex)。结果 :最大增强指数、对造影剂的吸收幅度、造影剂的交换率和造影剂分布指数以前列腺癌最高 ,前列腺增生次之 ,正常前列腺周围带最低。前列腺癌和正常前列腺周围带之间所有参数均存在极显著统计学差异 (P ≤ 0 .0 0 6 ) ,而前列腺增生和正常前列腺周围带之间所有参数也存在显著统计学差异 (P≤ 0 .0 3)。结论 :MRI药物代谢动力学模型能够更加准确的反映前列腺肿瘤组织和非肿瘤组织的血液供应特点 。 | 王滨 Martin Lowry Lindsay Wturnbull | 2001 | 医学影像学杂志2001，11，6： | 15 |
| 5 | 骨密度测量中精密度的重要性显示文摘骨密度测定 ,不论采取何特殊技术 ,即使严格地按照厂家建议的操作程序 ,也常常不能达到完美的重复性。必须确定每台骨密度仪不同骨骼部位的精确度。精密度 ,如标准差平均方根或变异系数平均方根 ,被用来确定骨密度的变化 ,即精密度决定最小显著性变化值和随访需要的至少时间间隔。除非确定了精密度 ,否则就不能确定任何水平的统计可信度最小显著性变化值 。 | Sydney Lou Bonnick C.Conrad Johnston Michael Kleerekoper Robert Lindsay Paul Miller Louis Sherwood Ethel Siris 周琦 程晓光 | 2002 | 中国骨质疏松杂志2002，8，1： | 12 |
| 6 | Second European evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis and management of ulcerative colitis Part 1: Definitions and diagnosis显示文摘 | Axel Dignass Rami Eliakim Fernando Magro Christian Maaser Yehuda Chowers Karel Geboes Gerassimos Mantzaris Walter Reinisch Jean-Frederic Colombel Severine Vermeire Simon Travis James O. Lindsay Gert Van Assche | 2012 | Journal of Crohn’s and Colitis2012，，10： | 12 |
| 7 | An acorn squash (Cucurbita pepo ssp. ovifera) fruit and seed transcriptome as a resource for the study of fruit traits in Cucurbita显示文摘Acorn squash(Cucurbita pepo)is an iconic fall vegetable in the United States,known for its unique fruit shape and also prized for its culinary properties.Little is known about the metabolism that underlies the development of fruit quality attributes such as color,sweetness,texture and nutritional qualities in acorn squash,or any other winter squash grown worldwide.To provide insight into winter squash fruit and seed development and add to the genomic resources in the Cucurbita genus,RNA sequencing was used to generate an acorn squash fruit and seed transcriptome from the cultivar Sweet REBA at critical points throughout fruit development.141838600 high-quality paired-end Illumina reads were assembled into 55949 unigenes.85%of unigenes with predicted open reading frames had homology with previously identified genes and over 62%could be functionally annotated.Comparison with the watermelon and cucumber genomes provided confirmation that the unigenes are full-length and comprehensive,covering an average of 90%of the coding sequence of their homologs and 72%of the cucumber and watermelon exomes.Key candidate genes associated with carotenoid and carbohydrate metabolism were identified toward a resource for winter squash fruit quality trait dissection.This transcriptome represents a major advance in C.pepo genomics,providing significant new sequence information and revealing the repertoire of genes expressed throughout winter squash fruit and seed development.Future studies on the genetic basis of fruit quality and future breeding efforts will be enhanced by tools and insights developed from this resource. | Lindsay E Wyatt Susan R Strickler Lukas A Mueller Michael Mazourek | 2015 | Horticulture Research2015，2，1： | 11 |
| 8 | Safety and success of precut biliary sphincterotomy: Is it linked to experience or expertise?显示文摘瞄准:决定成功的率和按规格裁切的复杂并发症胆汁的括约肌切开术(PBS ) 基于优先的经验并且到比较在 PBS 和标准内视镜的括约肌切开术(ES ) 之间的复杂并发症率。方法:回顾的评估有希望地在一个学术第三级的工作分派中心收集了非使随机化的数据。包括的学习没有 formal 在 PBS 训练的由单个 endoscopist 经历了 PBS 和 ES 的在一个八年的时期的所有病人。学习的主要结果措施是有到 ES 的复杂并发症的比较的 PBS 的成功和复杂并发症。结果:一个总数 2939 内视镜后退 cholangiopancreatographies (ERCP ) 在学习时期期间被执行,包括 818 (28%) ES 并且 150 (5%) PBS 过程。经由 PBS 的选择胆汁的管子在在 75% 病人的第一次尝试是成功的。管子被完成在一另外在一次随后的尝试(总数 87%) 的 13% 病人。从 PBS 的复杂并发症率比 ES 高是 45% ,但是没显著地不同[7%(10/50 ) 对 5%(38/818 ) , P = 0.29 ] 。任何一个从 PBS 的复杂并发症都不是严重的。向增加成功的一个重要趋势关于 endoscopist 存在 ?ˉs 在按规格裁切的第一次尝试(P = 0.0393,为趋势的 Cochran-Armitage 准确测试, Z =-1.7588) 。结论:尽管有在这种技术的特定的训练的缺乏, PBS 从另外的富有经验的中心与高成功率和类似于的复杂并发症率或不到报告被执行。这些结果建议内视镜的经验和也许天生的内视镜的技巧可以在这个过程的结果起一个重要作用。 | Lindsay S Robison Shyam Varadarajulu C Mel Wilcox | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，15： | 10 |
| 9 | Active learning for accelerated design of layered materials显示文摘Hetero-structures made from vertically stacked monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides hold great potential for optoelectronic and thermoelectric devices.Discovery of the optimal layered material for specific applications necessitates the estimation of key material properties,such as electronic band structure and thermal transport coefficients.However,screening of material properties via brute force ab initio calculations of the entire material structure space exceeds the limits of current computing resources.Moreover,the functional dependence of material properties on the structures is often complicated,making simplistic statistical procedures for prediction difficult to employ without large amounts of data collection.Here,we present a Gaussian process regression model,which predicts material properties of an input hetero-structure,as well as an active learning model based on Bayesian optimization,which can efficiently discover the optimal hetero-structure using a minimal number of ab initio calculations.The electronic band gap,conduction/valence band dispersions,and thermoelectric performance are used as representative material properties for prediction and optimization.The Materials Project platform is used for electronic structure computation,while the BoltzTraP code is used to compute thermoelectric properties.Bayesian optimization is shown to significantly reduce the computational cost of discovering the optimal structure when compared with finding an optimal structure by building a regression model to predict material properties.The models can be used for predictions with respect to any material property and our software,including data preparation code based on the Python Materials Genomics(PyMatGen)library as well as python-based machine learning code,is available open source. | Lindsay Bassman Pankaj Rajak Rajiv K.Kalia Aiichiro Nakano Fei Sha Jifeng Sun David J.Singh Muratahan Aykol Patrick Huck Kristin Persson Priya Vashishta | 2018 | npj Computational Materials2018，，1： | 10 |
| 10 | Oxidative stress and extracellular matrices after hepatectomy and liver transplantation in rats显示文摘AIM:To investigate oxidative stress(OS)-mediated damage and the behavior of extracellular matrices in various rat models because shear stress with portal hypertension and cold ischemia/warm reperfusion injury trigger the liver regeneration cascade after surgery. These injuries also cause fatal liver damage.METHODS: Rats were divided into four groups according to the surgery performed: control; hepatectomy with 40% liver remnant(60% hepatectomy); orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT) with whole liver graft(100% OLT); and split OLT(SOLT) with 40% graft(40% SOLT). Survival was evaluated. Blood and liver samples were collected at 6 h after surgery. Biochemical and histopathological examinations were performed. OSinduced damage, 4-hydroxynonenal, ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase, histone H2AX, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K) and Akt were evaluated by western blotting. Behavior of extracellular matrices, matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-9, MMP-2, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase(TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2 were also evaluated by western blotting and zymography. RESULTS: Although 100% OLT survived, 60% hepatectomy and 40% SOLT showed poor survival. Histopathological, immunohistological, biochemical and protein assays revealed that 60% hepatectomy, 100% OLT and 40% SOLT showed liver damage. PI3K and Akt were decreased in 60% hepatectomy and 40% SOLT. For protein expression, 40% SOLT showed differences in MMP-9, MMP-2 and TIMP-2. TIMP-1 showed differences in 60% hepatectomy and 40% SOLT. For protein activity, MMP-9 demonstrated significant differences in 60% hepatectomy, 100% OLT and 40% SOLT. CONCLUSION: Under conditions with an insufficient liver remnant, prevention of OS-induced damage via the Akt/PI3K pathway may be key to improve the postoperative course. MMP-9 may be also a therapeutic target after surgery. | Tomohide Hori Shinji Uemoto Feng Chen Lindsay B Gardner Ann-Marie T Baine Toshiyuki Hata Takayuki Kogure Justin H Nguyen | 2014 | World Journal of Hepatology2014，6，2： | 7 |
| 11 | Comparative analysis of Cucurbita pepo metabolism throughout fruit development in acorn squash and oilseed pumpkin显示文摘Both the fruit mesocarp and the seeds of winter squash can be used for consumption,although the focus of breeding efforts varies by cultivar.Cultivars bred for fruit consumption are selected for fruit mesocarp quality traits such as carotenoid content,percent dry matter,and percent soluble solids,while these traits are essentially ignored in oilseed pumpkins.To compare fruit development in these two types of squash,we sequenced the fruit transcriptome of two cultivars bred for different purposes:an acorn squash,‘Sweet REBA’,and an oilseed pumpkin,‘Lady Godiva’.Putative metabolic pathways were developed for carotenoid,starch,and sucrose synthesis in winter squash fruit and squash homologs were identified for each of the structural genes in the pathways.Gene expression,especially of known rate-limiting and branch point genes,corresponded with metabolite accumulation both across development and between the two cultivars.Thus,developmental regulation of metabolite genes is an important factor in winter squash fruit quality. | Lindsay E Wyatt Susan R Strickler Lukas A Mueller Michael Mazourek | 2016 | Horticulture Research2016，3，1： | 7 |
| 12 | Hematopoietic stem cell-derived adipocytes and fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment显示文摘The tumor microenvironment(TME) is complex and constantly evolving. This is due, in part, to the crosstalk between tumor cells and the multiple cell types that comprise the TME, which results in a heterogeneous population of tumor cells and TME cells. This review will focus on two stromal cell types, the cancerassociated adipocyte(CAA) and the cancer-associated fibroblast(CAF). In the clinic, the presence of CAAs and CAFs in the TME translates to poor prognosis in multiple tumor types. CAAs and CAFs have an activated phenotype and produce growth factors, inflammatory factors, cytokines, chemokines, extracellular matrix components, and proteases in an accelerated and aberrant fashion. Through this activated state, CAAs and CAFs remodel the TME, thereby driving all aspects of tumor progression, including tumor growth and survival, chemoresistance, tumor vascularization, tumor invasion, and tumor cell metastasis. Similarities in the tumorpromoting functions of CAAs and CAFs suggest that a multipronged therapeutic approach may be necessary to achieve maximal impact on disease. While CAAs and CAFs are thought to arise from tissues adjacent to the tumor, multiple alternative origins for CAAs and CAFs have recently been identified. Recent studies from our lab and others suggest that the hematopoietic stem cell, through the myeloid lineage, may serve as a progenitor for CAAs and CAFs. We hypothesize that the multiple origins of CAAs and CAFs may contribute to the heterogeneity seen in the TME. Thus, a better understanding of the origin of CAAs and CAFs, how this origin impacts their functions in the TME, and thetemporal participation of uniquely originating TME cells may lead to novel or improved anti-tumor therapeutics. | Ying Xiong Lindsay T Mc Donald Dayvia L Russell Ryan R Kelly Katie R Wilson Meenal Mehrotra Adam C Soloff Amanda C LaRue | 2015 | World Journal of Stem Cells2015，7，2： | 6 |
| 13 | Surgical treatment of Lenke 5 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: Comparison of anterior vs posterior approach显示文摘AIM To compare the posterior vs anterior approaches for fusion of Lenke 5 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis curves,matched for curve magnitude and for the distal level of fixation(dLOF) standardized to the third lumbar vertebrae(L3).METHODS A prospectively collected multicenter database was used for this retrospective comparative study. Our dependent variables included sagittal and coronal radiographic measurements, number of fused vertebrae, estimated blood loss, length of hospitalization and SRS total and individual domain scores at the two-year follow-up. Subject demographics were similar for all group comparisons.Independent t-test was used to compare groups for all analyses at P < 0.01.RESULTS For all matched cases of Lenke 5 curves, a selective approach was used only 50% of the time in cases undergoing a posterior fusion. When comparing a posterior selective approach to an anterior selective approach,surgeons utilizing a posterior approach fused significantly more levels than surgeons using an anterior approach with no other significant differences in radiographic or SRS outcomes(Ant = 4.8 ± 1.0 levels vs post = 6.1 ± 1.0 levels, P < 0.0001). When the dLOF was standardized to L3, the anterior approached provided significantly greater lumbar Cobb percent correction than the posterior approach(Ant = 69.1% ± 12.6% vs post =54.6% ± 16.4%, P = 0.004), with no other significant radiographic or SRS score differences between approaches.CONCLUSION Surgeons treating Lenke 5c curves with a posterior instrumentation and fusion vs an anterior approach include more motion segments, even with a selective fusion. When controlled for the distal level of fixation,the anterior approach provides greater correction of the thoracolumbar curve. | Mark F Abel Anuj Singla Mark A Feger Lindsay D Sauer Wendy Novicoff | 2016 | World Journal of Orthopedics2016，7，9： | 6 |
| 14 | Preoperative radiotherapy versus selective postoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer (MRC CR07 and NCIC-CTG C016): a multicentre, randomised trial显示文摘 | David Sebag-Montefiore Richard J Stephens Robert Steele John Monson Robert Grieve Subhash Khanna Phil Quirke Jean Couture Catherine de Metz Arthur Sun Myint Eric Bessell Gareth Griffiths Lindsay C Thompson Mahesh Parmar | 2009 | The Lancet2009，，9666： | 5 |
| 15 | 前列腺癌治疗前后动态增强MRI评价显示文摘目的 :应用MRI和动态增强MRI药物代谢动力学模型评价前列腺癌治疗前后的疗效 ,确定MRI的价值。方法 :对 16例经组织学证实的前列腺癌分别在治疗前后进行常规和动态增强MRI检查。治疗分别为单纯激素替代治疗 (7例 )和激素替代治疗加外放射治疗 (9例 )。MRI检查常规应用GESignaAdvantage 1.5T超导磁共振成像仪 ,静脉注射Gd DTPA(0 .1mmol/kg体重 )。应用两室药物代谢动力学模型分别计算肿瘤病灶、前列腺良性增生和正常前列腺周围带的最大增强指数、对比剂吸收幅度、对比剂的交换率和对比剂分布指数。结果 :治疗前后PSA由 39.5 4ng/ml降为 10 .39ng/ml(P =0 .0 4 6 ) ,由MRI测量获得的肿瘤体积明显缩小 (2 .85cm3 至 0 .84cm3 ,P =0 .0 1) ,前列腺良性增生和正常前列腺周围带也明显缩小 (P <0 .0 1)。治疗前后肿瘤病灶最大增强指数和对比剂分布指数降低 ,但未见统计学差异 ;对比剂吸收幅度和交换率明显降低 (P =0 .0 0 4 ,0 .0 0 2 )。前列腺良性增生的最大增强指数和对比剂分布指数降低 (P =0 .2 84 ,0 .2 2 1) ;对比剂吸收幅度和交换率明显降低 (P =0 .0 1,0 .0 0 7)。正常周围带的对比剂吸收幅度、交换率和分布指数明显降低 (P=0 .0 0 3,0 .0 1,0 .0 4 )。结论 :动态增强MRI能够全面反映前列腺癌治疗前? | 王滨 Martin LOWRY Lindsay W TURNBULL | 2003 | 医学影像学杂志2003，13，4： | 5 |
| 16 | 2010女性急性单纯性膀胱炎和肾盂肾炎临床治疗指南(摘译)显示文摘美国感染病学会、欧洲临床微生物与感染病学会共同组织专家对1999年美国感染病学会单纯性尿路感染的指南进行了更新。2010指南更新的重点是治疗女性急性单纯性膀胱炎和肾盂肾炎,仅适用于无已知尿道畸形或合并症的绝经前及未妊娠的女性患者。作者就指南的主要内容进行摘译。 | 刘辉(译) 刘树元(译) kalpana gupta thomas m.hooton richard colgan loren g.miller gregory j.moran anthony j.schaeffer david e.soper lindsay e.nicolle kurt g.naber bjorn wullt raul raz | 2016 | 转化医学杂志2016，5，2： | 4 |
| 17 | Maintenance Peginterferon Therapy and Other Factors Associated With Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Advanced Hepatitis C显示文摘 | Anna S. Lok James E. Everhart Elizabeth C. Wright Adrian M. Di Bisceglie Hae–Young Kim Richard K. Sterling Gregory T. Everson Karen L. Lindsay William M. Lee Herbert L. Bonkovsky Jules L. Dienstag Marc G. Ghany Chihiro Morishima Timothy R. Morgan | 2011 | Gastroenterology2011，，3： | 4 |
| 18 | Molecular basis of ataxia telangiectasia and related diseases显示文摘混乱毛细管扩张(在) 稀罕人的疾病被极端细胞的敏感描绘到放射和倾向到癌症,与在早童年的发作的一个特点。几人的疾病也分享类似的症状与在有严厉和不同联系混乱的不同的度的虽然。当所有在在变异基因(ATM ) 在病人包含变化时,大多数另外的象在一样混乱在编码由 Mre11, Rad50 和 Nbs1 组成的 MRN 蛋白质建筑群的基因是有缺点的。ATM 和作为到 DNA 的细胞的传感器,双海滨打破的 MRN 功能,它导致一连串的底层蛋白质的招募和磷酸化在 DNA 修理, apoptosis 和房间周期包含了检查点,以及基因规定,翻译开始和端粒维护。ATM 是 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-like 蛋白质家族 ases (PIKK ) 的家庭的一个成员,并且许多 ATM 底层的发现提供异种的症状的内在的机制在之中在病人。这篇评论文章集中于与双海滨裂缝的起始的识别有关的最近的调查结果由 ATM 和 MRN,以及由异种组成的 DNA 依赖的蛋白质激酶建筑群更暗淡的 Ku70/Ku80 和它的催化子单元 DNA-PKcs, PIKK 的另一个成员。这个可能的相互作用建议大得多的建筑群涉及响应染色体不稳定性察觉到, transducing 和协调细胞的事件。 | Lindsay GBALL Wei XIAO | 2005 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2005，26，8： | 4 |
| 19 | Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the breast presenting as breast abscess显示文摘Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma(LELC) is a rare type of neoplasm in which only twenty cases have been reported in the breast. This type of tumor can be difficult to distinguish from other breast tumors particularly medullary carcinoma and lymphoma in the breast. We present a case of LELC of the breast presenting as an abscess along with a review of the literature. This is the 21 st reported case of LELC of the breast and the first case to present as an abscess. Her clinical picture could have been mistaken for other infectious or inflammatory diseases. Given the potential for favorable outcome, early detection and general knowledge of this neoplasm are essential to expedite treatment for this rare tumor type. | Ikumi Suzuki Pimchandr Chakkabat Lindsay Goicochea Cristina Campassi Saranya Chumsri | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，5： | 4 |
| 20 | Simple and reproducible hepatectomy in the mouse using the clip technique显示文摘AIM: To investigate the reliability of massive hepatectomy models by using clip techniques. METHODS: We analyzed anatomical findings in 100 mice following massive hepatectomy induced by liver reduction > 70%. The impact of various factors in the different models was also analyzed, including learning curves, operative time, survival curves, and histopathological findings.RESULTS: According to anatomical results, models with 75%, 80%, and 90% hepatectomy produced massive hepatectomy. Learning curves and operative times were most optimal with the clip technique. Each hepatectomy performed using the clip technique produced a reasonable survival curve, and there were no differences in histopathological findings between the suture and clip techniques. CONCLUSION: Massive hepatectomy by the clip technique is simple and can provide reliable and relevant data. | Tomohide Hori Norifumi Ohashi Feng Chen Ann-Marie T Baine Lindsay B Gardner Toshiyuki Hata Shinji Uemoto Justin H Nguyen | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，22： | 4 |
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