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| 1 | Factors associated with time to laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis显示文摘AIM: To determine patient and process of care factors associated with performance of timely laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. METHODS: A retrospective medical record review of 88 consecutive patients with acute cholecystitis was conducted. Data collected included demographic data, co-morbidities, symptoms and physical findings at presentation, laboratory and radiological investigations, length of stay, complications, and admission service (medical or surgical). Patients not undergoing cholecystectomy during this hospitalization were excluded from analysis. Hierarchical generalized linear models were constructed to assess the association of pre-operative diagnostic procedures, presenting signs, and admitting service with time to surgery.RESULTS: Seventy cases met inclusion and exclusion criteria, among which 12 were admitted to the medical service and 58 to the surgical service. Mean ± SD time to surgery was 39.3 ± 43 h, with 87% of operations performed within 72 h of hospital arrival. In the adjusted models, longer time to surgery was associated with number of diagnostic studies and endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP, P = 0.01) as well with admission to medical service without adjustment for ERCP (P < 0.05). Patients undergoing both magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and computed tomography (CT) scans experienced the longest waits for surgery. Patients admitted to the surgical versus medical service underwent surgery earlier (30.4 ± 34.9 vs 82.7 ± 55.1 h, P < 0.01), had less post-operative complications (12% vs 58%, P < 0.01), and shorter length of stay (4.3 ± 3.4 vs 8.1 ± 5.2 d, P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: Admission to the medical service and performance of numerous diagnostic procedures, ERCP, or MRCP combined with CT scan were associated with longer time to surgery. Expeditious performance of ERCP and MRCP and admission of medically stable patients with suspected cholecystitis to the surgical service to speed up time to surgery should be considered. | Chris N Daniak David Peretz Jonathan M Fine Yun Wang Alan K Meinke William B Hale | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，7： | 13 |
| 2 | Significant association between ABO blood group and pancreatic cancer显示文摘AIM:To evaluate whether the ABO blood group is related to pancreatic cancer risk in the general population of the United States.METHODS:Using the University of Pittsburgh's clinicalpancreatic cancer registry,the blood donor database from our local blood bank (Central Blood Bank),and the blood product recipient database from the regional transfusion service (Centralized Transfusion Service) in Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania,we identified 274 pancreatic cancer patients with previously determined serological ABO blood group information.The ABO blood group frequency was compared between these patients and 708842 individual,community-based blood donors who had made donations to Pittsburgh's Central Blood Bank between 1979 and 2009.RESULTS:The frequency of blood group A was statistically significantly higher amongst pancreatic cancer patients compared to its frequency amongst the regional blood donors [47.63% vs 39.10%,odds ratio (OR)=1.43,P=0.004].Conversely,the frequency of blood group O was significantly lower amongst pancreatic cancer patients relative to the community blood donors (32.12% vs 43.99%,OR=0.60,P=0.00007).There were limited blood group B (n=38) and AB (n=17) pancreatic cancer patients;the overall P trend value comparing patient to donor blood groups was 0.001.CONCLUSION:The ABO blood group is associated with pancreatic cancer risk.Future studies should examine the mechanism linking pancreatic cancer risk to ABO blood group. | Julia B Greer Mark H Yazer Jay S Raval M Michael Barmada Randall E Brand David C Whitcomb | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，44： | 10 |
| 3 | 牧草如何生长——植物生长与放牧管理之关联(英文)显示文摘适当管理饲料饲草资源的基本原则是理解多年生牧草如何生长。长期以来 ,对根系生长有了基本的了解 ,对去叶和环境对根系生长的影响也知之甚多。然而 ,对去叶、干旱及其他环境因素对多年生牧草的影响以及这些牧草对去叶的反应缺乏应有的理解。从牧草返青到开花 ,植物处于短枝阶段 ,适度放牧并不对多年生牧草的健康和活力造成危害 ,因为植物会弥补其失去的叶片。然而 ,当牧草从短枝向长枝阶段 (节间伸长和开花期 )转移时 ,碳水化合物主要用于节间伸长和开花过程。在开花后和休眠前期 ,碳水化合物主要向茎基和植物基部转移 ,以供来年新枝条的发育。因此 ,在花后和休眠前期 ,放牧系统必须被调节到“无放牧”状态。“无放牧”状态 ,如休息、轮牧、延迟轮牧和快速轮牧制 ,其价值在于这种定期的禁牧可提高多年生牧草的活力 ,改善草地的健康状况 ,并且在不利的环境条件下 。 | Ronald E Sosebee David B Wester J Carlos Villalobos Carlton M Britton Changgui Wan Hisham Nofal | 2005 | 草业学报2005，14，1： | 8 |
| 4 | Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Patient-Centered Approach: Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)显示文摘 | Inzucchi Silvio E Bergenstal Richard M Buse John B Diamant Michaela Ferrannini Ele Nauck Michael Peters Anne L Tsapas Apostolos Wender Richard Matthews David R | 2012 | EN2012，，3： | 6 |
| 5 | Effect of nitrogen fertilization on yield, N content, and nitrogen fixation of alfalfa and smooth bromegrass grown alone or in mixture in greenhouse pots显示文摘Planting grass and legume mixtures on improved grasslands has the potential advantage of realizing both higher yields and lower environmental pollution by optimizing the balance between applied N fertilizer and the natural process of legume biological nitrogen fixation. However, the optimal level of N fertilization for grass-legume mixtures, to obtain the highest yield, quality, and contribution of N2 fixation, varies with species. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to study the temporal dynamics of N2 fixation of alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) grown alone and in mixture with smooth bromegrass(Bromus inermis Leyss.) in response to the addition of fertilizer N. Three levels of N(0, 75, and 150 kg ha–1) were examined using 15N-labeled urea to evaluate N2 fixation via the 15 N isotope dilution method. Treatments were designated N0(0.001 g per pot), N75(1.07 g per pot) and N150(2.14 g per pot). Alfalfa grown alone did not benefit from the addition of fertilizer N; dry matter was not significantly increased. In contrast, dry weight and N content of smooth bromegrass grown alone was increased significantly by N application. When grown as a mixture, smooth bromegrass biomass was increased significantly by N application, resulted in a decrease in alfalfa biomass. In addition, individual alfalfa plant dry weight(shoots+roots) was significantly lower in the mixture than when grown alone at all N levels. Smooth bromegrass shoot and root dry weight were significantly higher when grown with alfalfa than when grown alone, regardless of N application level. When grown alone, alfalfa's N2 fixation was reduced with N fertilization(R2=0.9376, P=0.0057). When grown in a mixture with smooth bromegrass, with 75 kg ha–1 of N fertilizer, the percentage of atmospheric N2 fixation contribution to total N in alfalfa(%Ndfa) had a maximum of 84.07 and 83.05% in the 2nd and 3rd harvests, respectively. Total 3-harvest %Ndfa was higher when alfalfa was grown in a mixture than when grown alone(shoots: |t|=3.39, P=0.0096; root: |t|=3.57, P=0.0073). We believe this was due to smooth bromegrass being better able to absorb available soil N(due to its fibrous root system), resulting inlower soil N availability and allowing alfalfa to develop an effective N2 fixing symbiosis prior to the 1st harvest. Once soil N levels were depleted, alfalfa was able to fix N2, resulting in the majority of its tissue N being derived from biological nitrogen fixation(BNF) in the 2nd and 3rd harvests. When grown in a mixture, with added N, alfalfa established an effective symbiosis earlier than when grown alone; in monoculture BNF did not contribute a significant portion of plant N in the N75 and N150 treatments, whereas in the mixture, BNF contributed 17.90 and 16.28% for these treatments respectively. Alfalfa has a higher BNF efficiency when grown in a mixture, initiating BNF earlier, and having higher N2 fixation due to less inhibition by soil-available N. For the greatest N-use-efficiency and sustainable production, grass-legume mixtures are recommended for improving grasslands, using a moderate amount of N fertilizer(75 kg N ha–1) to provide optimum benefits. | XIE Kai-yun LI Xiang-lin HE Feng ZHANG Ying-jun WAN Li-qiang David B Hannaway WANG Dong QIN Yan Gamal M A Fadul | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，9： | 5 |
| 6 | MicroRNA-let-7a promotes E2F-mediated cell proliferation and NFKB activation in vitro显示文摘Epigenetic 因素,包括的改变的 microRNA (miRNA ) 表示,可以在全身的豺狼座 erythematosus (SLE ) 贡献异常有免疫力的房间功能。MiRNA-let-7a (let-7a ) 被显示了直接改变房间周期前进和 proinflammatory cytokine 生产。由于在房间分割和发炎的 let-7a 的关键角色,我们调查了 let-7a-mediated 增长和 NFκ在 J774A.1 巨噬细胞和 MES 的 B translocation 在 vitro 的 13 个 mesangial 房间。在有 let-7a 的刺激免疫者的房间 transfected,房间增长显著地随着时间的过去被增加。在 S 和 G 2 阶段的刺激免疫者的房间的数字有重要增加。刺激免疫者的房间 overexpressing let-7a 增加了 NFκ 的原子 translocation; B。Bioinformatical 分析表明 E2F 家庭, G 1-S 转变的批评管理者,在他们的 mRNA 抄本为 let-7a 有潜在的有约束力的地点。Let-7a overexpression 显著地增加了房间周期使活跃之物 E2F2 的表示并且在刺激免疫者的房间增加了 retinoblastoma 蛋白质(Rb ) phosphorylation。房间周期禁止者 E2F5 显著地在刺激免疫者的 let-7a-transfected 房间被减少。Bioinformatical 分析揭示了 E2F2 和 NFκ B 是预言调整 let-7a 倡导者的抄写因素。我们与 E2F2 和 NFκ 用染色质 immunoprecipitation 由即时 RT-PCR 分析了 let-7a 的 transcriptional 规定; B 抗体。E2F2 和 NFκ 有增加;在在刺激免疫者的房间为 let-7a 倡导者充实的 DNA 的 B 绑定。Silencing E2F2 或 NFκ B 显著地减少了在刺激免疫者的房间的 let-7a 表示和 IL-6 生产。一起拿,我们的结果建议 let-7a 的 overexpression 可以在 SLE 贡献增生和 proinflammatory 反应。 | Cristen B Chafin Nicole L Regna David L Caudell Christopher M Reilly | 2014 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2014，11，1： | 3 |
| 7 | Quality in the technical performance of colonoscopy and the continuous quality improvement process for colonoscopy: recommendations of the U.S. Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer显示文摘 | Douglas K Rex John H Bond Sidney Winawer Theodore R Levin Randall W Burt David A Johnson Lynne M Kirk Scott Litlin David A Lieberman Jerome D Waye James Church John B Marshall Robert H Riddell | 2002 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology2002，，6： | 3 |
| 8 | Sentinel-lymph-node resection compared with conventional axillary-lymph-node dissection in clinically node-negative patients with breast cancer: overall survival findings from the NSABP B-32 randomised phase 3 trial显示文摘 | David N Krag Stewart J Anderson Thomas B Julian Ann M Brown Seth P Harlow Joseph P Costantino Takamaru Ashikaga Donald L Weaver Eleftherios P Mamounas Lynne M Jalovec Thomas G Frazier R Dirk Noyes André Robidoux Hugh MC Scarth Norman Wolmark | 2010 | Lancet Oncology2010，，10： | 3 |
| 9 | Accuracy of biometric formulae for intraocular lens power calculation in a teaching hospital显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the accuracy of three commonly used biometric formulae across different axial lengths(ALs) at one United States Veterans Affairs teaching hospital.METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted from November 2013 to May 2018. One eye of each patient who underwent cataract surgery with a monofocal intraocular lens(IOL) was included. The range of postoperative follow-up period was from 3 wk to 4 mo. The Holladay 2, Barrett Universal II, and Hill-Radial Basis Function(Hill-RBF) formulae were used to predict the postoperative refraction for all cataract surgeries. For each formula, we calculated the prediction errors [including mean absolute prediction error(MAE)] and the percentage of eyes within ±0.25 diopter(D) and ±0.5 D of predicted refraction. We performed subgroup analyses for short(AL<22.0 mm), medium(AL 22.0-25.0 mm), and long eyes(AL>25.0 mm).RESULTS: A total of 1131 patients were screened, and 909 met the inclusion criteria. Resident ophthalmologists were the primary surgeons in 710(78.1%) cases. We found no statistically significant difference in predictive accuracy among the three formulae over the entire AL range or in the short, medium, and long eye subgroups. Across the entire AL range, the Hill-RBF formula resulted in the lowest MAE(0.384 D) and the highest percentage of eyes with postoperative refraction within ±0.25 D(42.7%) and ±0.5 D(75.5%) of predicted. All three formulae had the highest MAEs(>0.5 D) and lowest percentage within ±0.5 D of predicted refraction(<55%) in short eyes.CONCLUSION: In cataract surgery patients at our teaching hospital, three commonly used biometric formulae demonstrate similar refractive accuracy across all ALs. Short eyes pose the greatest challenge to predicting postoperative refractive error. | Kevin S Tang Elaine M Tran Allison J Chen David R Rivera Jorge J Rivera Paul B Greenberg | 2020 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2020，13，1： | 3 |
| 10 | Heat shock protein 90 inhibition by 17-DMAG lessens disease in the MRL/Ipr mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus显示文摘热吃惊蛋白质 90 的提高的表示(HSP90 ) 在全身的豺狼座 erythematosus (SLE ) 的肾和浆液被发现了病人和 MRL/Mp-Fas lpr /Fas lpr (MRL/lpr ) 自体免疫的老鼠。如果 HSP90 的抑制将在 MRL/lpr 老鼠减少疾病,我们调查了。在在 vivo 的 vitro,有在 IL-6 的有免疫力刺激的显示出的减少的表示以前的 HSP90 禁止者 Geldanamycin 的 mesangial 房间的预告的处理, IL-12 和号码,我们发现当与 C57BL/6 相比鼠标和 MRL/lpr 鼠标与 HSP90 禁止者 17-DMAG 对待时, HSP90 表示在 MRL/lpr 肾被提高。与 17-DMAG 对待的 MRL/lpr 老鼠显示出减少的 proteinuria 并且减少了浆液 anti-dsDNA 抗体生产。Glomerulonephritis 和 glomerular IgG 和 C3 没被 17-DMAG 的管理显著地在 MRL/lpr 影响。17-DMAG 增加了 CD8 + T 房间,减少的双 negative T 房间,减少 CD4/CD8 比率和减少的小囊的 B 房间。这些研究建议 HSP90 可以在调整 T 房间区别和激活起一个作用并且 HSP90 抑制可以在豺狼座减少发炎。 | Samuel K Shimp III Cristen B Chafin Nicole L Regna Sarah E Hammond Molly A Read David L Caudell Marissa Nichole Rylander Christopher M Reilly | 2012 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2012，9，3： | 3 |
| 11 | Prognostic impact of the Bismuth-Corlette classification:Higher rates of local unresectability in stageⅢb hilar cholangiocarcinoma显示文摘Background:The Bismuth-Corlette(BC)classification is used to categorize hilar cholangiocarcinoma by proximal extension along the biliary tree.As the right hepatic artery crosses just behind the left bile duct,we hypothesized that BCⅢb tumors would have a higher likelihood of local unresectability due to involvement of the contralateral artery.Methods:A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database identified patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma taken to the operating room for intended curative resection between April 2008 and September 2016.Cases were assigned BC stages based on preoperative imaging.Results:Sixty-eight patients were included in the study.All underwent staging laparoscopy after which 16 cases were aborted for metastatic disease.Of the remaining 52 cases,14 cases were explored and aborted for locally advanced disease.Thirty-eight underwent attempt at curative resection.After exclud-ing cases aborted for metastatic disease,the chance of proceeding with resection was 55.6%for BCⅢb staged lesions compared to 80.0%of BCⅢa lesions and to 82.4%for BCⅠ-Ⅲa staged lesions(P<0.05).About 44.4%of BCⅢb lesions were aborted for locally advanced disease versus 17.6%of remaining BC stages.Conclusions:When hilar cholangiocarcinoma is preoperatively staged as BCⅢb,surgeons should antici-pate higher rates of locally unresectable disease,likely involving the right hepatic artery. | Michael J Passeri Maria R Baimas-George Jesse K Sulzer David A Iannitti John B Martinie Erin H Baker Lee M Ocuin Dionisios Vrochides | 2020 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2020，19，2： | 3 |
| 12 | DNA damage induced by chronic inflammation contributes to colon carcinogenesis in mice显示文摘 | Meira Lisiane B Bugni James M Green Stephanie L Lee Chung-Wei Pang Bo Borenshtein Diana Rickman Barry H Rogers Arlin B Moroski-Erkul Catherine A McFaline Jose L Schauer David B Dedon Peter C Fox James G Samson Leona D | 2008 | Journal of Clinical Investigation2008，，7： | 2 |
| 13 | Apolipoprotein E in Alzheimer’s disease and other neurological disorders显示文摘 | Philip B Verghese Joseph M Castellano David M Holtzman | 2011 | Lancet Neurology2011，，3： | 2 |
| 14 | AMPK, insulin resistance, and the metabolic syndrome显示文摘 | Ruderman Neil B Carling David Prentki Marc Cacicedo Jos? M | 2013 | Journal of Clinical Investigation2013，，7： | 2 |
| 15 | Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Gut Perforations: When to Wait! When to Operate!显示文摘 | Morgan Katherine A Fontenot Bennett B Ruddy Jean M Mickey Suzanne Adams David B | 2009 | The American Surgeon2009，，6： | 2 |
| 16 | Technical outcomes of sentinel-lymph-node resection and conventional axillary-lymph-node dissection in patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer: results from the NSABP B-32 randomised phase III trial显示文摘 | David N Krag Stewart J Anderson Thomas B Julian Ann M Brown Seth P Harlow Takamaru Ashikaga Donald L Weaver Barbara J Miller Lynne M Jalovec Thomas G Frazier R Dirk Noyes André Robidoux Hugh MC Scarth Denise M Mammolito David R McCready Eleftherios P Mamo | 2007 | Lancet Oncology2007，，10： | 2 |
| 17 | Exenatide once weekly versus twice daily for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: a randomised, open-label, non-inferiority study显示文摘 | Daniel J Drucker John B Buse Kristin Taylor David M Kendall Michael Trautmann Dongliang Zhuang Lisa Porter | 2008 | The Lancet2008，，9645： | 2 |
| 18 | Dynamic smile visualization and quantification: part 2. smile analysis and treatment strategies显示文摘 | David M Sarver Marc B Ackerman | 2003 | American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics2003，，2： | 2 |
| 19 | Strategic Alliances and Interfirm Knowledge Transfer显示文摘 | David C M Oxley E H Silverman S B | 1996 | Strategic Management Journal1996，，17： | 1 |
| 20 | Differential expression of components of the cardiomyocyte adrenomedullin/intermedin receptor system following blood pressure red-uction in Nodeificient hypertension显示文摘 | Abdelrahman A M David B Lisa R S | 2005 | JPET Fast Forward2005，12，3： | 1 |
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