| 1 | Modular operation of microfluidic chips for highly parallelized cell culture and liquid dosing via a fluidic circuit board显示文摘Microfluidic systems enable automated and highly parallelized cell culture with low volumes and defined liquid dosing.To achieve this,systems typically integrate all functions into a single,monolithic device as a“one size fits all”solution.However,this approach limits the end users’(re)design flexibility and complicates the addition of new functions to the system.To address this challenge,we propose and demonstrate a modular and standardized plug-and-play fluidic circuit board(FCB)for operating microfluidic building blocks(MFBBs),whereby both the FCB and the MFBBs contain integrated valves.A single FCB can parallelize up to three MFBBs of the same design or operate MFBBs with entirely different architectures.The operation of the MFBBs through the FCB is fully automated and does not incur the cost of an extra external footprint.We use this modular platform to control three microfluidic large-scale integration(mLSI)MFBBs,each of which features 64 microchambers suitable for cell culturing with high spatiotemporal control.We show as a proof of principle that we can culture human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)for multiple days in the chambers of this MFBB.Moreover,we also use the same FCB to control an MFBB for liquid dosing with a high dynamic range.Our results demonstrate that MFBBs with different designs can be controlled and combined on a single FCB.Our novel modular approach to operating an automated microfluidic system for parallelized cell culture will enable greater experimental flexibility and facilitate the cooperation of different chips from different labs. | A.R.Vollertsen D.de Boer S.Dekker B.A.M.Wesselink R.Haverkate H.S.Rho R.J.Boom M.Skolimowski M.Blom R.Passier A.van den Berg A.D.van der Meer M.Odijk | 2020 | Microsystems & Nanoengineering2020，6，1： | 2 |
| 2 | About the Reliability of Particle in Cell Methods and the Notion of a“Local”Temperature of Ionized Species Around a Spacecraft in the Ionosphere显示文摘The development of space science has generated important computer codes for the simulation of the interaction between complex space structures(artificial satellites,solar panels,etc.)and the surrounding plasma.The basic equation to be solved is the Poisson equation for the electric potential around a structure.Here,we try to study analytically the shadowing effect of a spacecraft on an electrode for the electron number density and the electron temperature.We suggest that the electron temperature should be taken as a variable and not as a parameter.However,its computation involves the knowledge of the histogram of the distribution of the frequencies of the electron velocities inside the computational cells.Also,we have illustrated the possibilities of artefacts due to the design and geometry of scientific instruments for the measurement of the electron number density and the electron temperature in the ionosphere.We suggest an optimal design for an electrode and its guard ring. | Roger Godard John D.de Boer | 2020 | Journal of Physical Science and Application2020，10，2： | 0 |
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