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| 1 | 基于离散元法的旋耕过程土壤运动行为分析显示文摘土壤与耕作部件间的相互作用规律是设计和选用土壤耕作部件的基础。研究土壤和耕作部件间的相互作用规律就是要研究耕作部件对土壤产生的作用和它们之间的作用力,首先必须探讨耕作部件工作时土壤运动规律和施加于土壤的作用力。为此本文建立基于离散元方法的旋耕工作模型;对比分析实验与仿真的土壤位移:在土槽实验中采用示踪块方法测量土壤位移,仿真中通过追踪表层土壤颗粒的运动获得仿真位移;利用实验和仿真数据对土壤位移和运动机理进行分析。结果表明:土壤水平和侧向位移都随着转速增加呈现增加的趋势;土壤的水平运动位移总是大于同转速下的侧向位移。浅层土壤颗粒的运动位移最大,中层土壤次之,深层土壤最小。较深位置的土壤,距离旋转中心越近的土壤颗粒水平位移和侧向位移越大。在旋耕刀切土范围内的土壤,有向相反方向运动趋势的浅、中、深层颗粒比例分别为26.2%、72.1%、48.4%。在水平力作用下,大部分土壤颗粒随着旋耕刀切土有向后运动的行为;土壤在开始时刻的侧向受力和侧向运动方向,由颗粒的侧向位置是否偏离侧切刃轴线决定,位于侧切刃轴线左侧的颗粒,则其侧向力向左,反之亦然;土壤在垂直方向先随着刀具入土向下运动,然后滑出刀刃边界被抛起。本文建立的仿真模型得到的土壤水平位移和侧向位移与相应实验值的误差为24.9%和15.3%。本文运用离散元法进行旋耕过程中土壤宏观和细观运动行为的分析,有助于理解旋耕刀与土壤的相互作用机理,为旋耕机械的设计与优化提供理论依据。 | 方会敏 姬长英 Farman Ali Chandio 郭俊 张庆怡 Chaudhry Arslan | 2016 | 农业机械学报2016，47，3： | 110 |
| 2 | Chemical composition and in vitro fermentation characteristics of high sugar forage sorghum as an alternative to forage maize for silage making in Tarim Basin, China显示文摘The chemical composition, mineral profile and in vitro fermentation characteristics of maize(MZ), high sugar forage sorghum(HS) and forage sorghum(FS), and silages made from each forage type were measured. The MZ and MZ silage(MZS) had higher crude protein, starch and ether extract contents than both sorghum forages and sorghum silages. HS had higher ash and water-soluble carbohydrate concentrations than FS and MZ. MZ, MZS, HS and HS silage(HSS) had lower neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and acid detergent lignin than FS and FS silage(FSS). FSS had higher dry matter(DM) and p H than MZS and HSS. HSS contained higher concentrations of P and K than FSS and MZS. MZS and HSS had higher in vitro dry matter and organic matter digestibility, CH4 production, total volatile fatty acids, acetate and propionate than FSS. p H was higher for FSS than for HSS, and ammonia was lower for HSS than for MZS and FSS. HSS had higher gas production than MZS and FSS after 2, 4, 6 and 8 h incubation. MZS had higher gas production than HSS and FSS after 26 and 28 h of incubation. The results indicate that HS may substitute for MZ to make good quality silage. However, animal studies are needed to assess the acceptability and feeding values of HSS vs. MZS for ruminant production. | ZHANG Su-jiang Abdul Shakoor Chaudhry Diky Ramdani Amerjan Osman GUO Xue-feng Grant Raymond Edwards Long Cheng | 2016 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2016，15，1： | 28 |
| 3 | 稻麦秸秆旋耕作业中受力与位移分析显示文摘常见稻麦秸秆在实际作业过程中与刀具作用发生2种变形:挤压秸秆发生弯曲变形和剪切秸秆发生剪切变形,根据2种变形设置弯曲试验和剪切试验,分别测试15~30 mm/min加载速率下弯曲强度和剪切强度。试验结果表明,小麦秸秆抗弯强度随着加载速率增加而减小;水稻秸秆抗弯强度随着转速增加,表现为先增加后减小。小麦秸秆剪切强度随着加载速率增加,表现为先增加后减小;水稻秸秆剪切强度随着加载速率增加而增加。其次在田间试验中,根据2种变形设置横纵向秸秆以及180~280 r/min的刀轴转速,并对其反旋作业。采用同位素示踪法,即根据标记秸秆前后坐标变化值来代替机具在幅宽范围内纵横向秸秆的位移变化,将得到的标记点坐标在三维坐标系中用Matlab绘制成曲线,该曲线形状与旋耕刀片在刀轴上排列相似。耕作后位移和坐标结果表明:水稻秸秆位移大于小麦秸秆位移,水稻秸秆标记点位移变化较小麦秸秆标记点位移变化均匀;2种秸秆排列方式对应2种分布情况:纵向标记秸秆坐标在X轴上以零点对称分布,横向标记秸秆坐标在X、Z轴上两侧对称分布。基于以上因素考虑,实际作业中,选择刀轴转速230 r/min以及改变秸秆在田间排列方式,以使秸秆还田效果达到更佳。 | 郭俊 姬长英 Chaudhry Arslan 方会敏 张庆怡 | 2016 | 农业机械学报2016，47，10： | 12 |
| 4 | A Diagnostic Study of Heavy Rainfall in Karachi Due to Merging of a Mesoscale Low and a Diffused Tropical Depression during South Asian Summer Monsoon显示文摘This paper presents the results of a diagnostic study of a typical case of very heavy rainfall during the South Asian summer monsoon when a mesoscale low in a desert climate merged with a diffused tropical depression. The former low was located over Pakistan's desert region and the latter depression originated over the Bay of Bengal. Surface and NCEP reanalysis data supported by satellite and radar images were incorporated in the diagnosis. The relationship between the heavy precipitation process and large-scale circulations such as monsoon trough, subtropical high, westerly jet, low level jet and water vapor transport were investigated to further understand the mechanism of this peculiar interaction. It was found that: (1)the mesoscale low developed as a result of cold air advection aloft from northern latitudes and strong convection over the region of humidity convergence on 24 July 2003 over the Indian Rajistan area. (2) On the same day, a low that formed over the Bay of Bengal was transformed into a monsoon depression and moved westward to the mesoscale low which existed over southwest India and the adjoining southeastern parts of Pakistan. (3) Initially, the mesoscale low received moisture supply from both the Bay of Bengal as well as the Arabian Sea, whereas the Bay of Bengal maintained the continuous supply of moisture to the monsoon depression. (4) After the depression crossed central India, the Bay's moisture supply was cut off and the Arabian Sea became the only source of moisture to both the closely located systems. On 27July, both of the systems merged together and the merger resulted in a heavy downpour in the Karachi metropolitan and in its surroundings. (5) With the intensification as well as the southeastward extension of the subtropical high and the shift of the monsoon trough axis from southwest-west to northeast-east,the monsoon depression moved southwestward. In this situation, there existed a very favourable condition for a merger of the two systems in the presence of cross-latitude influence. (6) A number of convective cloud clusters were developed and organized in the mesoscale low. Probably, interactions existed among the multi-scale systems. | Ghulam RASUL Qamar-uz-Zaman CHAUDHRY 赵思雄 曾庆存 齐琳琳 张高英 | 2005 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2005，22，3： | 8 |
| 5 | 弱视儿童的临床概况和遮盖治疗结果显示文摘目的:研究弱视的临床表现,以及对弱视患者进行遮盖治疗的效果。方法:纵向研究。收集2015-04/2016-04 Dhulikhel医院眼科1092例患者数据。对检出的弱视60例患儿的视力、主诉、年龄、屈光状态、双眼屈光度和注视方式进行评估。并对检出的弱视患儿进行遮盖治疗。结果:在研究期间接受检查的1092例儿童中,60例(5.49%)为弱视患者,其中,女性35例(58.30%),男性25例(41.70%),平均年龄为8.87±3.29岁。在43.3%(n=26)的弱视儿童中,经线性弱视是最常见的亚型,其次是远视性屈光参差性弱视(20%,n=12)。最常见的屈光不正是散光,占58.30%,其次是远视(22.50%)和近视(7.50%)。配戴眼镜联合遮盖治疗和主动视觉训练的依从性为73.30%(n=44)。3mo后不同治疗策略对弱视眼视力有显著改善(P=0.002)。结论:在尼泊尔等发展中国家,弱视发病率和相关的视力损害仍然是一个公共卫生问题。意识的缺乏,社区或学龄前儿童视力筛查的缺乏,会导致儿童较晚出现症状,并最终导致明显的视力损害。通过筛选就诊地点、及时转诊和适当的干预措施,这种状况可得到改善。 | Raju Kaiti Pabita Dhungel Asik Pradhan Monica Chaudhry | 2020 | 国际眼科杂志2020，20，11： | 7 |
| 6 | Sludge granulation and efficiency of phase separator in UASB reactor treating combined industrial effluent显示文摘污泥使成粒状和 gas-liquid-solid 的效果隔板(图文集) designon upflow 的效率厌氧的污泥毛毯( UASB )和 upflow 厌氧的 sludgefilter ( UASF )反应堆,在从 3~12 h 的 HRT 操作 investigated.VSS/TS ratiogradually 在两个被增加有增加污泥的反应堆变老(从 0.5 到超过 0.7 forUASB 反应堆并且 0.012~0.043 为 UASF 反应堆) UASF sludgeshowed 的.X光线衍射分析扩展揭示它的另外的 abs | Abdullah Yasar Nasir Ahmad Muhammad Nawaz Chaudhry Aamir Amanat Ali Khan | 2007 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2007，19，5： | 6 |
| 7 | Colonoscopy surveillance for high risk polyps does not always prevent colorectal cancer显示文摘AIM To determine the frequency and risk factors for colorectal cancer(CRC) development among individuals with resected advanced adenoma(AA)/traditional serrated adenoma(TSA)/advanced sessile serrated adenoma(ASSA). METHODS Data was collected from medical records of 14663 subjects found to have AA, TSA, or ASSA at screening or surveillance colonoscopy. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease or known genetic predisposition for CRC were excluded from the study. Factors associated with CRC developing after endoscopic management of high risk polyps were calculated in 4610 such patients who had at least one surveillance colonoscopy within 10 years following the original polypectomy of the incident advanced polyp. RESULTS84/4610(1.8%) patients developed CRC at the polypectomy site within a median of 4.2 years(mean 4.89 years), and 1.2%(54/4610) developed CRC in a region distinct from the AA/TSA/ASSA resection site within a median of 5.1 years(mean 6.67 years). Approximately, 30%(25/84) of patients who developed CRC at the AA/TSA/ASSA site and 27.8%(15/54) of patients who developed CRC at another site had colonoscopy at recommended surveillance intervals. Increasing age; polyp size; male sex; right-sided location; high degree of dysplasia; higher number of polyps resected; and piecemeal removal were associated with an increased risk for CRC developmentat the same site as the index polyp. Increasing age; right-sided location; higher number of polyps resected and sessile endoscopic appearance of the index AA/TSA/ASSA were significantly associated with an increased risk for CRC development at a different site. CONCLUSION Recognition that CRC may develop following AA/TSA/ASSA removal is one step toward improving our practice efficiency and preventing a portion of CRC related morbidity and mortality. | Mohamad A Mouchli Lidia Ouk Marianne R Scheitel Alisha P Chaudhry Donna Felmlee-Devine Diane E Grill Shahrooz Rashtak Panwen Wang Junwen Wang Rajeev Chaudhry Thomas C Smyrk Ann L Oberg Brooke R Druliner Lisa A Boardman | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，8： | 5 |
| 8 | 用传统分类法、叙词表编制机构Taxonomy的实证研究显示文摘Information Studies Taxonomy的编制以新加坡南洋理工大学黄金辉传播与信息学院信息学系为实施机构,以杜威法和三部叙词表为结构库和词库,调查了杜威法和三部叙词表作为机构Taxonomy构建资源的充分性及其在主题分面编制中的作用,同时探讨了用传统分类法和叙词表编制机构Taxonomy类表的步骤与方法。该研究虽然在英文语境下进行,但所运用的思路与方法对于中文环境下机构Taxonomy的编制也是有借鉴意义的,其研究方法与研究结论对于在中文环境下用传统分类法、叙词表编制机构Taxonomy的研究也有推动作用。表2。参考文献7。 | 王忠红 Abdus Sattar Chaudhry Khoo Christopher | 2008 | 中国图书馆学报2008，34，6： | 4 |
| 9 | Treatment of fistula-in-ano using a porcine small intestinal submucosa anal fistula plug显示文摘 | J. R. Cintron H. Abcarian V. Chaudhry M. Singer S. Hunt E. Birnbaum M. G. Mutch J. Fleshman | 2013 | Techniques in Coloproctology2013，，2： | 3 |
| 10 | 国际化妆品监管合作组织特别工作组关于个人护理产品中纳米技术应用的报告显示文摘1引言
国际化妆品监管合作组织(ICCR)是由美国、日本、欧盟和加拿大的化妆品政府监管主管部门组建的。这个多边框架组织的宗旨是在尽量减少国际贸易障碍的同时,给予全球消费者最高水平的保护。 | Jay Ansell Robert Bronaugh Luisa K.Carter Qasim Chaudhry Mark Lafranconi Tetsuji Nishimura Florian Schellauf Homer Swei Ian Tooley 姜宜凡 | 2011 | 香料香精化妆品2011，，1： | 3 |
| 11 | SPICE compatible analytical electron mobility model for biaxial strained-Si-MOSFETs显示文摘This paper describes an analytical model for bulk electron mobility in strained-Si layers as a function of strain.Phonon scattering,columbic scattering and surface roughness scattering are included to analyze the full mobility model.Analytical explicit calculations of all of the parameters to accurately estimate the electron mobility have been made.The results predict an increase in the electron mobility with the application of biaxial strain as also predicted from the basic theory of strain physics of metal oxide semiconductor(MOS) devices.The results have also been compared with numerically reported results and show good agreement. | Amit Chaudhry J.N.Roy S.Sangwan | 2011 | Journal of Semiconductors2011，32，5： | 2 |
| 12 | Cu^2+ reduces hemolytic activity of the antimicrobial peptide HMPI and enhances its trypsin resistance显示文摘Nowadays,drug-resistant microbes are becoming a serious clinical problem threatening people's health and life.An timicrobial peptides(AMPs)are believed to be pote ntial alter natives of con-ventional antibiotics to combat the threat of drug-resistant microbes.However,the susceptibility of AMPs toward proteases is one of the major problems limiting their clinical use.In the present study,we reported the effect of Cu^2+on the bioactivity of AMP HMPI.We found that the addition of Cu^2+could improve the protease resistance of AMP HMPI without affecting its bioactivity.Notably,after the binding of Cu^2+with HMPI,the hemolytic activity of HMPI was greatly decreased.In additi on,our results also demonstrated that the addition of Cu^2+in creased the production of reactive oxygen species in the fun gal cells,which may be a suppleme nt for the antifungal activity of HMPI.In con elusion,the introduction of Cu^2+may provide an inorganic strategy to improve the stability and decrease the hemolytic activity of AMP HMPI,while maintaining its antifungal activity. | Jinxiu Peng Yang Yang Ping Zhao Shuai Qiu Fengjing Jia Jiayi Wang Xiaolei Liang Ahmed Shabbir Chaudhry Peihan Xu Wenjin Yan Zhaoqing Xu Kairong Wang | 2020 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2020，52，6： | 2 |
| 13 | Simplified three-dimensional culture system for long-term expansion of embryonic stem cells显示文摘AIM: To devise a simplified and efficient method for long-term culture and maintenance of embryonic stem cells requiring less frequent passaging. METHODS: Mouse embryonic stem cells(ESCs) labeled with enhanced yellow fluorescent protein were cultured in three-dimensional(3-D) self-assembling scaffolds and compared with traditional two-dimentional(2-D) culture techniques requiring mouse embryonic fibroblast feeder layers or leukemia inhibitory factor. 3-D scaffolds encapsulating ESCs were prepared by mixing ESCs with polyethylene glycol tetra-acrylate(PEG-4-Acr) and thiolfunctionalized dextran(Dex-SH). Distribution of ESCs in 3-D was monitored by confocal microscopy. Viability and proliferation of encapsulated cells during long-term culture were determined by propidium iodide as well as direct cell counts and PrestoB lue(PB) assays. Genetic expression of pluripotency markers(Oct4, Nanog, Klf4, and Sox2) in ESCs grown under 2-D and 3-D cultureconditions was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Protein expression of selected stemness markers was determined by two different methods, immunofluorescence staining(Oct4 and Nanog) and western blot analysis(Oct4, Nanog, and Klf4). Pluripotency of 3-D scaffold grown ESCs was analyzed by in vivo teratoma assay and in vitro differentiation via embryoid bodies into cells of all three germ layers. RESULTS: Self-assembling scaffolds encapsulating ESCs for 3-D culture without the loss of cell viability were prepared by mixing PEG-4-Acr and Dex-SH(1:1 v/v) to a final concentration of 5%(w/v). Scaffold integrity was dependent on the degree of thiol substitution of Dex-SH and cell concentration. Scaffolds prepared using Dex-SH with 7.5% and 33% thiol substitution and incubated in culture medium maintained their integrity for 11 and 13 d without cells and 22 ± 5 d and 37 ± 5 d with cells, respectively. ESCs formed compact colonies, which progressively increased in size over time due to cell proliferation as determined by confocal microscopy and PB staining. 3-D scaffold cultured ESCs expressed significantly higher levels(P < 0.01) of Oct4, Nanog, and Kl4, showing a 2.8, 3.0 and 1.8 fold increase, respectively, in comparison to 2-D grown cells. A similar increase in the protein expression levels of Oct4, Nanog, and Klf4 was observed in 3-D grown ESCs. However, when 3-D cultured ESCs were subsequently passaged in 2-D culture conditions, the level of these pluripotent markers was reduced to normal levels. 3-D grown ESCs produced teratomas and yielded cells of all three germ layers, expressing brachyury(mesoderm), NCAM(ectoderm), and GATA4(endoderm) markers. Furthermore, these cells differentiated into osteogenic, chondrogenic, myogenic, and neural lineages expressing Col1, Col2, Myog, and Nestin, respectively. CONCLUSION: This novel 3-D culture system demonstrated long-term maintenance of mouse ESCs without the routine passaging and manipulation necessary for traditional 2-D cell propagation. | Christina McKee Mick Perez-Cruet Ferman Chavez G Rasul Chaudhry | 2015 | World Journal of Stem Cells2015，7，7： | 2 |
| 14 | Function of miR-146a in Controlling Treg Cell-Mediated Regulation of Th1 Responses显示文摘 | Li-Fan Lu Mark P. Boldin Ashutosh Chaudhry Ling-Li Lin Konstantin D. Taganov Toshikatsu Hanada Akihiko Yoshimura David Baltimore Alexander Y. Rudensky | 2010 | Cell2010，，6： | 2 |
| 15 | Spatially Adaptive Image Restoration Using Fuzzy Punctual Kriging显示文摘我们在场一般明确的表达基于为在空间域的图象复原的准时的 kriging 和模糊概念。灰色级的图象与 Gaussian 降级了白噪声被考虑了。基于象素本地人邻居,模糊逻辑聪明地被采用了避免一个象素的不必要的评价。选择象素的紧张评价然后被多与 Lagrange 的方法一起采用准时的 kriging 执行本地半变化的钳子和估计。当与适应维纳相比过滤器和存在 fuzzy-kriging 来临,执行选择和一个象素的紧张评价的如此的一种混合技术的申请在图象质量表明实质的改进。没有结构的详细信息的损失,这些过滤器完成噪声降低,由他们的更高的结构类似索引显示了,这被发现了到噪音比率和新 variogram 的峰值信号基于质量测量。电子增补材料这篇文章(doi:10.1007/s11390-007-9061-3 ) 的联机版本 contatins 增补材料,它对授权用户可得到。 | Anwar M.Mirza Asmatullah Chaudhry Badre Munir | 2007 | Journal of Computer Science & Technology2007，22，4： | 2 |
| 16 | Interleukin-10 Signaling in Regulatory T Cells Is Required for Suppression of Th17 Cell-Mediated Inflammation显示文摘 | Ashutosh Chaudhry Robert M. Samstein Piper Treuting Yuqiong Liang Marina C. Pils Jan-Michael Heinrich Robert S. Jack F. Thomas Wunderlich Jens C. Brüning Werner Müller Alexander Y. Rudensky | 2011 | Immunity2011，，4： | 2 |
| 17 | Foxp3-Dependent MicroRNA155 Confers Competitive Fitness to Regulatory T Cells by Targeting SOCS1 Protein显示文摘 | Li-Fan Lu To-Ha Thai Dinis Pedro Calado Ashutosh Chaudhry Masato Kubo Kentaro Tanaka Gabriel B. Loeb Hana Lee Akihiko Yoshimura Klaus Rajewsky Alexander Y. Rudensky | 2009 | Immunity2009，，1： | 2 |
| 18 | Infection potpourri: Are we watching?显示文摘 | Rama Chaudhry Anubhav Pandey Anupam Das Shobha Broor | 2009 | Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology2009，，1： | 2 |
| 19 | Corrosion behavior of Mg-Zn-Zr-RE alloys under physiological environment-Impact on mechanical integrity and biocompatibility显示文摘Benefits of RE addition on Mg alloys strength and corrosion resistance are widely reported but their effects on biodegradability and biocompatibility are still of concern.This paper investigates the effect of RE additions on biodegradability of Mg-Zn alloys under simulated physiological conditions.In this context,two commercial Mg-Zn-Zr-RE alloys,namely ZE41 and EZ33,with same RE addition but different concentrations are studied in Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution(HBSS)at 37℃and with pH of 7.4.Weight-loss,hydrogen evolution,real-time insitu drop test,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)and potentiodynamic polarization are deployed to study corrosion characteristics.The mechanical integrity of both alloys is assessed by mechanical testing post immersion.Furthermore,in vitro biocompatibility is evaluated by indirect cytotoxicity tests using NIH3T3 cells.Results reveal that although both alloys showed similar microstructure,size and distribution of precipitates played a significant role on its corrosion response.EIS and open circuit potential results show stable film formation on EZ33,while ZE41 showed passive layer formation followed by its deterioration,over the analyzed time period.Using real-time drop test,it was shown in ZE41 alloy that both T-phase and Zr-rich precipitates acted as micro cathodes,resulting in an unstable surface film.In EZ33,Zr-rich regions did not influence corrosion response,resulting in better corrosion resistance that was corroborated by post-immersion surface morphology investigations.The higher degradation observed in ZE41 alloy resulted in higher drop in flexural and tensile strength compared to EZ33 alloy.In addition,cytotoxicity tests on NIH3T3 cells revealed that cell viability of EZ33 increased with increasing incubation time,contrary to ZE41,owing to its lower biodegradation behavior and despite higher concentrations of REs.Present results show that an increase in RE concentration in EZ33,relative to ZE41,had a positive effect on corrosion rate that subsequently controlled alloy mechanical integrity and biocompatibility. | Marwa AbdelGawad Chaudhry A.Usman Vasanth C.Shunmugasamy Ibrahim Karaman Bilal Mansoor | 2022 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2022，10，6： | 2 |
| 20 | Characterization of hospital waste in Lahore, Pakistan显示文摘 | Sobia Munir Syeda Adila Batool Muhammad Nawaz Chaudhry | 2014 | Chinese Medical Journal2014，，9： | 2 |
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