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| 1 | A numerical study of the South China Sea deep circulation and its relation to the Luzon Strait transport显示文摘A fine-resolution MOM code is used to study the South China Sea basin-scale circulation and its relation to the mass transport through the Luzon Strait. The modal domain includes the South China Sea, part of the East China Sea, and part of the Philippine Sea so that the currents in the vicinity of the Luzon Strait are free to evolve. In addition, all channels between the South China ,Sea and the Indonesian seas are closed so that the focus is on the Luzon Strait transport. The model is driven by specified Philippine Sea currents and by surface heat and salt flux conditions. For simplicity, no windstress is applied at the surface.The simulated Luzon Strait transport and the South China Sea circulation feature a sandwich vertical structure from the surface to the bottom. The Philippine Sea water is simulated to enter the South China Sea at the surface and in the deep ocean and is carried to the southern basin by western boundary currents. At the intermediate depth, the net Luzon Strait transport is out of the South China Sea and is fed by a western boundary current flowing to the north at the base of the thermocline. Corresponding to the western boundary currents, the basin circulation of the South China Sea is cyclonic gyres at the surface and in the abyss but an anti-cyclonic gyre at the intermediate depth. The vorticity balance of the gyre circulation is between the vortex stretching and the meridional change of the planetary vorticity.Based on these facts, it is hypothesized that the Luzon Strait transports are determined by the diapycnal mixing inside the entire South China Sea. The South China Sea plays the role of a 'mixing mill' that mixes the surface and deep waters to return them to the Luzon Strait at the intermediate depth. The gyre structures are consistent with the Stommel and Arons theory (1960), which suggests that the mixlng-induced circulation inside the South China Sea should be cyclonic gyres at the surface and at the bottom but an anti-cyclonic gyre at the intermediate depth. The simulated gyre circulation at the intermediate depth has been confirmed by the dynamic height calculation based on the Levitns hydrography data.The sandwich transports in the Luzon Strait are consistent with recent hydrographic, al observations.Model results suggest that the Kuroshio tends to form a loop current in the northeastern South China Sea. The simulated Kuroshio Loop Current is generated by the pressure head at the Pacific side of the Luzon Strait and is enhanced by theβ- plane effects. The β- plane appears to be of paramount importance to the South China Sea circulation and to the Luzon Strait translports. Without theβ-plane, the Luzon Strait transports would be greatly reduced and the South China Sea circulation would be complete-ly different. | Yuan Dongliang1. Goddard Earth Science and Technology Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore County Code 971, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA | 2002 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2002，21，2： | 37 |
| 2 | Structural immunology of costimualtory and coinhibitory molecules显示文摘The T cell costimulatory pathways are central to regulating immune responses,and targeting these pathways represents one of the most promising approaches for achieving immunotherapy.The molecular structures of costimulation revealed invaluable mechanistic insights underlying costimulatory receptor/ligand specificity,affinity,oligomeric state,and valency,which provided the bases for better manipulation of these signaling pathways.The incredible growth of this field led to identification of new members and unexpected interactions,revealing a complicated regulatory network of immune responses.The advances in structural biology of costimulation will promise unprecedented opportunities for furthering our understanding and therapeutic application of T cell costimulatory pathways. | WANG ShengDian1 & CHEN LiePing1,2 1Center for Infection and Immunity,Institute of Biophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China 2Department of Oncology,Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,Baltimore,Maryland,USA | 2010 | Science China(Life Sciences)2010，53，2： | 8 |
| 3 | Microarray,SAGE and their applications to cardiovascular diseases显示文摘The wealth of DNA data generated by the human genome project coupling with recently invented high-throughput gene expression profiling techniques has dramatically sped up the process for biomedical researchers on elucidating the role of genes in human diseases. One powerful method to reveal insight into gene functions is the systematic analysis of gene expression. Two popular high-throughput gene expression technologies, microarray and Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) are capable of producing large amounts of gene expression data with the potential of providing novel insights into fundamental disease processes, especially complex syndromes such as cardiovascular disease, whose etiologies are due to multiple genetic factors and their interplay with the environment. Microarray and SAGE have already been used to examine gene expression patterns of cell-culture, animal and human tissues models of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we will first give a brief introduction of microarray and SAGE technologies and point out their limitations. We will then discuss the major discoveries and the new biological insightsthat have emerged from their applications to cardiovascular diseases. Finally we will touch upon potential challenges and future developments in this area. | SHUI QING YE, TERA LAVOIE, DAVID C USHER, LI Q. ZHANG1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA2Department of Biological Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA | 2002 | Cell Research2002，12，2： | 5 |
| 4 | MicroRNA-155 Promotes Autoimmune Inflammation by Enhancing Inflammatory T Cell Development显示文摘 | Ryan M. O’Connell Daniel Kahn William S.J. Gibson June L. Round Rebecca L. Scholz Aadel A. Chaudhuri Melissa E. Kahn Dinesh S. Rao David Baltimore | 2010 | Immunity2010，，4： | 3 |
| 5 | Diagnosis, Treatment, and Long-Term Management of Kawasaki Disease: A Statement for Health Professionals From the Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis and Kawasaki Disease, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, American Heart Association显示文摘 | Jane W. Newburger Masato Takahashi Michael A. Gerber Michael H. Gewitz Lloyd Y. Tani Jane C. Burns Stanford T. Shulman Ann F. Bolger Patricia Ferrieri Robert S. Baltimore Walter R. Wilson Larry M. Baddour Matthew E. Levison Thomas J. Pallasch Donald A. Fa | 2004 | Circulation2004，，17： | 2 |
| 6 | 中国骨科生物力学的未来显示文摘在阐述生物力学和生物工程定义和范畴、回顾生物力学的近代发展史基础上,对中国骨科生物力学今后的研究方向、发展目标及其前景作了预测。作者认为,要在医疗卫生事业上取得重要突破,需要生命科学家和工程师的精诚合作。因此,随着医疗卫生事业的进步,生物医学工程的发展前景将比以往更为灿烂。 | Edmund Y. S. Chao, Ph. D.(Orthopaedic Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA) | 1995 | 医用生物力学1995，10，1： | 2 |
| 7 | Function of miR-146a in Controlling Treg Cell-Mediated Regulation of Th1 Responses显示文摘 | Li-Fan Lu Mark P. Boldin Ashutosh Chaudhry Ling-Li Lin Konstantin D. Taganov Toshikatsu Hanada Akihiko Yoshimura David Baltimore Alexander Y. Rudensky | 2010 | Cell2010，，6： | 2 |
| 8 | NF-κB: Ten Years After显示文摘 | Patrick A Baeuerle David Baltimore | 1996 | Cell1996，，1： | 2 |
| 9 | Multiple nuclear factor interact with immunoglobul in enhancer 70 sequences显示文摘 | Baltimore D | 1986 | Cell1986，46，5： | 1 |
| 10 | CARD11 mediates factorspecific activation of NF-kappaB by the T cell receptor complex显示文摘 | Pomerantz JL Denny EM Baltimore D | 2002 | EMBO J2002，21，： | 1 |
| 11 | Modelling T-cell memory by genetic marking of memoryT cells in vivo显示文摘 | Jacob J and Baltimore D | 1999 | Nature1999，399，6736： | 1 |
| 12 | Disappearing stem cells, disappearing seience显示文摘 | Weissman 1 L Baltimore D | 2001 | Science2001，292，5517： | 1 |
| 13 | Physiological functions for brain NF KB 显示文摘 | MEFFERT M K BALTIMORE D | 2005 | Trends Neurosci2005，28，： | 1 |
| 14 | Multiple nuclear factors interact with the Im- munoglobulin enhancer sequences显示文摘 | Sen R Baltimore D | 2006 | Journal of Immunology2006，177，11： | 1 |
| 15 | Multiple nuclear factors interact with the immunoglobulin enhancer sequences 显示文摘 | SEN R BALTIMORE D | 1986 | Cell1986，46，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Neonatal nosocomial infections显示文摘 | Baltimore RS | 1998 | Semin Perinatol1998，22，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Blast crisis in a murine model of chronic myelogenous leukemia 显示文摘 | Daley GQ Van Etten RA Baltimore D | 1991 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA1991，88，11： | 1 |
| 18 | Multiple nuclear factors interact with the iramunoglobulin enhancer sequences显示文摘 | Sen R Baltimore D | 1986 | Cell1986，46，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Inducibility of kappa immunoglobulin enhan- cer-binding protein Nf-kappa B by a posttranslational mechanism显示文摘 | Sen R Baltimore D | 1986 | Cell1986，47，6： | 1 |
| 20 | An RNA sequence of hundreds of nucleotides at the 5~end of poliovirus RNA is involved in allowing viral protein synthesis显示文摘 | Trono D Andino R Baltimore D | 1988 | J Virol1988，62，7： | 1 |
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