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| 1 | 行为主义、认知主义和建构主义(下)——从教学设计的视角比较其关键特征显示文摘界定学习的方式以及我们认为学习发生的方式 ,一直对我们要想促进人的认知和行为的变化有重要启示。学习理论为教学设计人员提供了各种教学策略以及促进学习的技巧 ,同时也包括策略选择的基础。然而 ,不少教学设计人员在学习理论方面的基础不甚理想。本文旨在让教学设计人员了解三种学习理论 (行为主义、认知主义和建构主义 )的相关主张 ,它们为教学规划和实施教学设计活动提供了坚实的基础。对每一种学习理论的观点 ,本文按照它对学习过程的特定解释和对教学设计与教育实践的重要启示进行说明。文中讨论的问题给读者提供了三种不同观点的比较 。 | Peggy A.Ertmer Timothy J.Newby 盛群力 | 2004 | 电化教育研究2004，25，4： | 67 |
| 2 | 行为主义、认知主义和建构主义(上)——从教学设计的视角比较其关键特征显示文摘界定学习的方式以及我们认为学习发生的方式 ,一直对我们要想促进人的认知和行为的变化有重要启示。学习理论为教学设计人员提供了各种教学策略以及促进学习的技巧 ,同时也包括策略选择的基础。然而 ,不少教学设计人员在学习理论方面的基础不甚理想。本文旨在让教学设计人员了解三种学习理论 (行为主义、认知主义和建构主义 )的相关主张 ,它们为教学规划和实施教学设计活动提供了坚实的基础。对每一种学习理论的观点 ,本文按照它对学习过程的特定解释和对教学设计与教育实践的重要启示进行说明。文中讨论的信息给读者提供了三种不同观点的比较 。 | Peggy A.Ertmer Timothy J.Newby 盛群力 | 2004 | 电化教育研究2004，25，3： | 44 |
| 3 | 高光谱最优波长选择及Fisher判别分析法判别玉米颗粒表面黄曲霉毒素显示文摘黄曲霉毒素是广泛存在于玉米中且具有剧毒的一种代谢产物,以美国农业部农业研究署(USDA-ARS) Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit提供的2010年先锋玉米为研究对象,验证了高光谱成像技术对玉米中黄曲霉毒素检测的可行性。以甲醇为溶剂制备四种不同浓度的黄曲霉毒素溶液,并将其逐一滴在等量的4组共120粒玉米颗粒表面,以未处理的30粒洁净玉米作为一组对照样本,将大小、形状相似的150个样品随机分为训练集103个,验证集47个;对获取的400~1000 nm波段范围内的高光谱图像,先进行标准正态变量变换(standard normal variate transformation ,SNV)预处理,然后引入基于 Fisher判别最小误判率的方法选择最优波长,并以所选波长作为Fisher判别分析法的输入建立判别模型,对玉米颗粒表面不同浓度的黄曲霉毒素进行识别,最后对模型判别正确率进行了验证。结果表明,选取四个最优波长(812.42,873.00,900.36和965.00 nm )时Fisher判别分析模型对训练集与验证集的准确率分别为87.4%和80.9%。该方法为含黄曲霉毒素玉米颗粒便携式检测仪器的开发,以及对田间霉变玉米自然代谢产生毒素的检测奠定了技术基础。 | 褚璇 王伟 张录达 郭浪花 Peggy Feldner Gerald Heitschmidt | 2014 | 光谱学与光谱分析2014，34，7： | 22 |
| 4 | Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Identification in Polyploids: A Review, Example, and Recommendations显示文摘 | Josh Clevenger Carolina Chavarro Stephanie A. Pearl Peggy Ozias-Akins Scott A. Jackson | 2015 | Molecular Plant2015，8，6： | 16 |
| 5 | 上海26万妇女乳房自我检查随机试验显示文摘目的论证指导妇女进行乳房自我检查(BSE)是否能有效降低乳腺癌患者的死亡率。方法自1989年10月起,上海26.6万名年龄在30~64岁的妇女,随机进入指导组(132979名)和对照组(133085名)。在指导组,最初先由医务人员做规范的BSE手法演示,随后的4年中,使用BSE录像带进行二次强化教育,并定期进行BSE指导和在医务人员监察下进行BSE操作。本研究进行5年,全部活动均被记录。队列人群随访到2000年7月,乳腺癌患者的生存状况随访到2001年12月。统计分析采用Kaplan-Meier方法、Logrank检验以及Cox模型。结果指导组检出乳腺癌864例,其中死于乳腺癌133例;对照组检出乳腺癌896例,其中死于乳腺癌130例。两组乳腺癌病例的肿块大小、TNM分期和累积死亡率的差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。但是指导组比对照组有较多和较小的纤维腺瘤被检出(P<0.01)。结论对人群开展BSE教育和指导,未能降低人群的乳腺癌死亡率;接受BSE教育的妇女比没有接受教育的妇女可检出较多的和较小的良性乳房肿块。 | 高道利 David BThomas Roberta M Ray 王文婉 Charlene J Allison 陈范良 Peggy Porter 胡永伟 赵关林 潘雷达 李雯瑾 武春园 Zakia Coriaty Ilonka Evans 林明纲 Helge Stalsberg Steven Gself | 2005 | 中华肿瘤杂志2005，27，6： | 14 |
| 6 | The aryl hydrocarbon receptor: a regulator of Th17 and Treg cell development in disease显示文摘 | Peggy P Ho Lawrence Steinma | 2008 | Cell Research2008，18，6： | 11 |
| 7 | The relevance of serum albumin among elderly patients with acute decompensated heart failure显示文摘Objective To assess the prognostic utility of serum albumin among elderly patients admitted for acute decompensated heart failure(ADHF)in terms of all-cause mortality and also to identify the predictors of hypoalbuminemia.Methods Retrospective cohort study of 119 elderly patients admitted for ADHF.Elderly patients were defined as patients over the age of 65 years.The patients were followed up for approximately 11 years.Patients with advanced renal failure,liver disease not due to HF,cancer and other causes of low life expectancy were excluded.Hypoalbuminemia was defined as serum albumin≤2.9 g/dL.Results The study was made up of 65 females and 54 males with age ranging from 65 to 96 years.Of the 119 elderly patients with ADHF,there were 26 deaths.A significantly higher proportion of patients in the mortality group had an admission serum albumin level of≤2.9 g/dL than those surviving(P=0.011).After Cox’s logistic regression,low albumin(P=0.016),elevated direct bilirubin(P=0.03),age greater than 85(P=0.008),lack of use of beta blockers(P=0.0001)and left ventricular ejection fraction less than 35%(P=0.005)increased the risk of death.Elevated serum creatinine(P=0.0357)was the only predictor of hypoalbuminemia following multiple linear regression.Conclusions Hypoalbuminemia may be an unrecognized marker of death in elderly patients with ADHF. | Tuoyo O Mene-Afejuku Ela-Anamaria Moisa Adedoyin Akinlonu Carissa Dumancas Shushan Veranyan Jose A Perez Peggy Salazar Shobhana Chaudhari Gerald Pekler Savi Mushiyev Ferdinand Visco | 2019 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2019，16，7： | 10 |
| 8 | Does computed tomography permeability predict hemorrhagic transformation after ischemic stroke?显示文摘AIM: To use perfusion-derived permeability-surface area product maps to predict hemorrhagic transformation following thrombolytic treatment for acute ischemic stroke.METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed our prospectively kept acute stroke database over five consecutive months for patients with symptoms of acute ischemic stroke(AIS) who had computed tomography(CT) perfusion(CTP) done at arrival. Patients included in the analyses also had to have a follow-up CT. The permeability-surface area product maps(PS) was calculated for the side of the ischemia and/or infarction and for the contralateral unaffected side at the same level. The cerebral blood flow map was used to delineate the ischemic territory. Next, a region of interest was drawn at the centre of this territory on the PS parametric map. Finally, a mirror region of interest was created on the contralateral side at the same level. The relative permeability-surface area product maps(r PS) provided an internal control and was calculated as the ratio of the PS on the side of the AIS to the PS on the contralateral side. A student t-test was performed after log conversion of r PS between patients with and without hemorrhagic transformation. Log conversion was used to convert the data into normal distribution to use t-test. For the group of patients who experienced intracranial bleed, a student t-test was performed between those with only petechial hemorrhage and those with more severe parenchymal hematoma with subarachnoid haemorrhage.RESULTS: Of 84 patients with AIS and CTP at admission, only 42 patients had a follow-up CT. The r PSderived using the normal side as the internal control was significantly higher(P = 0.003) for the 15 cases of hemorrhagic transformation(1.71 + 1.64) compared to 27 cases that did not have any(1.07 + 1.30). Patients with values above the overall mean r PS of 1.3 had an increased likelihood of subsequent hemorrhagic transformation. The sensitivity of using this score to predict hemorrhagic transformation was 71.4, the specificity was 78.6, with a positive predictive value of 62.5 and negative predictive value of 84.6. The accuracy was 76.2. The odds ratio of an event occurring with such an r PS was 9.2. Of the 15 cases of hemorrhagic transformation, there was no difference(P = 0.35) in the r PS between the eight cases of petechial and the seven cases of more severe hemorrhagic events.CONCLUSION: Pretreatment PS can predict the occurrence of hemorrhagic transformation on follow-up of AIS patients with relatively high sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value. | Peggy Yen Allison Cobb Jai Jai Shiva Shankar | 2016 | World Journal of Radiology2016，8，6： | 10 |
| 9 | Metabolic syndrome and benign prostatic hyperplasia:An update显示文摘Metabolic syndrome(MetS)is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities related to central adiposity and insulin resistance.Its importance is increasingly recognized as it associates with increased risks of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.These metabolic aberrations of MetS may lead to development of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)and lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)in men.A 26.5%-55.6% prevalence of MetS in men with LUTS was reported in worldwide studies.Although the exact biological pathway is not clear yet,insulin resistance,increased visceral adiposity,sex hormone alterations and cellular inflammatory reactions played significant roles in the related pathophysiological processes.Clinician should recognize the cardiovascular and metabolic impacts of MetS in men with LUTS,early risk factors optimization and use of appropriate medical therapy may possibly alter or slower the progression of LUTS/BPH,and potentially avoid unnecessary morbidities and mortalities from cardiovascular and metabolic diseases for those men. | Ho-Yin Ngai Kar-Kei Steffi Yuen Chi-Man Ng Cheung-Hing Cheng Sau-Kwan Peggy Chu | 2017 | Asian Journal of Urology2017，4，3： | 9 |
| 10 | 1544例乳腺浸润性导管癌临床特点和生存率的多因素分析显示文摘目的 分析乳腺浸润性导管癌的临床特点和预后因素。方法 1 544 例浸润性导管癌全部为九十年代新发病例。采用观察生存率、死亡危险比、Log rank检验和拟合多因素Cox比例风险回归模型等进行单因素和多因素分析,评估各种预后因素与乳腺癌的联系强度。结果 浸润性导管癌占女性乳腺癌的82.5%,腋淋巴结转移率44.2%。外上象限发病最多,占47.7%。肿块位中央区,腋淋巴结阳性率最高,占61.7%。Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期病例分别占30.0%,59.4%,9.4%,1.2%;5年和10年生存率分别为94.9%,78.1%;48.1%,8.6%和87.2%,67.1%;31.2%,0.0%。单因素分析:发病年龄、肿块大小、腋淋巴结转移数、TNM分期、治疗方式与生存率有关;ER、PR、Her- 2/neu、手术类型与生存率无关。多因素分析显示:发病年龄、腋淋巴结转移数、治疗方式与生存率有关。结论 腋淋巴结状况是制定治疗方案和评估预后的最主要指标。50 岁以下发病的患者以及接受综合治疗的患者生存率较高。九十年代与八十年代相比,上海市区女性乳腺癌的诊治水平有了较大的提高。 | 高道利 王文婉 郁领娣 胡永伟 陆重志 David B.Thomas Roberta M.Ray Peggy Porter | 2005 | 肿瘤2005，25，2： | 8 |
| 11 | 不同叶龄杉木叶片形态及光合特性分析显示文摘以成年实生杉木青杉YXC3、灰杉YXG1的老叶和幼叶为试材,采用室外采集法,探讨杉木叶片生长过程中的生理特性。结果表明,老叶的叶面积、周长与幼叶差异均达显著水平,其中灰杉YXG1的差异较大。青杉YXC3和灰杉YXG1幼叶PSⅡ反应中心电子传递能力、热耗散能力、PSⅡ激发能捕获效率及PSⅡ反应中心光能转换效率均高于老叶。老叶光泽度低,颜色更深,且光吸收能力和转化能力均大于幼叶,说明幼叶的叶绿素更易遭到强光破坏。 | 理挪 王培 PEGGY Cellya Angue Edou 林思祖 陈宇 | 2018 | 亚热带农业研究2018，14，3： | 7 |
| 12 | Functional Demarcation of Active and Silent Chromatin Domains in Human HOX Loci by Noncoding RNAs显示文摘 | John L. Rinn Michael Kertesz Jordon K. Wang Sharon L. Squazzo Xiao Xu Samantha A. Brugmann L. Henry Goodnough Jill A. Helms Peggy J. Farnham Eran Segal Howard Y. Chang | 2007 | Cell2007，，7： | 6 |
| 13 | The Level of Expression of Thioredoxin is Linked to Fundamental Properties and Applications of Wheat Seeds显示文摘有谷物(大麦和小麦) 和荚(Medicago truncatula ) 的工作作为种子的中央规章的蛋白质建立了 thioredoxin h (Trx h ) 。Trx h 由减少二硫化物(SS ) 扮演一些多样的种子蛋白质(存储蛋白质,酶,和酶禁止者) ,从而便于萌芽。早,在 vitro,蛋白质研究与有在内乳的 Trx h overexpressed 的大麦种子在显示出加速的萌芽和联系的酶(淀粉酶和 pullulanase ) 的早或提高的表示的实验被补充。当前的学习扩大转基因的工作到小麦。二条途径被跟随在内乳改变 Trx h 基因的表示:(1 ) 一个大麦蛋白倡导者和它指向顺序的蛋白质身体导致了 Trx h5 的 overexpression,并且(2 ) Trx h9 的 antisense 构造导致了那基因(Arabidopsis 指明) 的 cytosolic underexpression。Trx h9 的 Underexpression 导致了对在萌芽的 barleyretardation 为 overexpression Trx h5 观察并且推迟了或减少联系的酶的表示的那些相反的效果。类似的酶变化在开发种子被观察。有 underexpressed Trx 的小麦线看了发芽的推迟的 preharvest 没有减少,什么时候在最后的产量在温室或领域成长。有 overexpressed Trx h5 的小麦显示出与同量的变化在 vitro 工作更早:二硫化物蛋白质的增加的溶解度和麦胶蛋白质部分的更低的 allergenicity。结果是在谷物内乳的 Trx h 的水平决定基本性质以及种子的潜在的应用程序的进一步的证据。 | Yong-Chun Li Jiang-Ping Ren Myeong-Je Cho Su-Mei Zhou Yong-Bum Kim Hong-Xiang Guo Joshua H. Wong Hong-Bin Niu Hyun-Kyung Kim Susumu Morigasaki Peggy G. Lemaux Oscar L. Frick Jun Yin Bob B. Buchanan | 2009 | Molecular Plant2009，2，3： | 5 |
| 14 | The effect of acupuncture on mood and working memory in patients with depression and schizophrenia显示文摘BACKGROUND: In patients with depression, as well as in patients with schizophrenia, both mood and working memory performance are often impaired. Both issues can only be addressed and improved with medication to some extent.OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the mood and the working memory performance in patients with depression or schizophrenia and whether acupuncture can improve these.DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS: A pragmatic clinical trial design was used. The study was conducted in a psychiatric clinic. Fifty patients with depression and 50 with schizophrenia were randomly divided into an experimental and a waiting-list group. Additionally, 25 healthy control participants were included. Twelve weeks of individualized acupuncture treatment was used as the clinical intervention. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: All patients were tested before(T1) and after(T2) acupuncture treatment on a mood scale(Beck Depression Inventory-II, BDI-II), a simple working memory task(digit span), and a complex working memory task(letter-number sequencing); the healthy controls were tested at T1 only.RESULTS: Patients with depression scored worse than the others on the BDI-II, and patients with schizophrenia scored worse than the healthy controls. On the digit span, patients with schizophrenia did not differ from healthy controls whereas they scored worse of all on the letter-number sequencing. With respect to the acupuncture fi ndings, fi rst, the present study showed that the use of acupuncture to treat patients with schizophrenia was both practical and safe. Moreover, acupuncture had a positive effect on the BDI-II for the depression group, but acupuncture had no effect on the digit span and on the letternumber sequencing performance for the two clinical groups.CONCLUSION: The clinical improvement in patients with depression after acupuncture treatment was not accompanied by any signifi cant change in a simple working memory task or in a more complex working memory task; the same was true for the patients with schizophrenia. | Peggy Bosch Maurits van den Noort Sujung Yeo Sabina Lim Anton Coenen Gilles van Luijtelaar | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2015，13，6： | 5 |
| 15 | 废米糠制备炭纳米颗粒及其对金属离子的光学传感性能(英文)显示文摘以废米糠为原料,浓硫酸为脱水剂,通过炭化法制备出炭纳米颗粒(CNPs),探讨CNPs荧光发射特征、金属离子的淬灭效应以及作为Sn(II)离子传感材料应用。CNPs产率最佳条件为:硫酸浓度12 mol/L、加热温度120℃及恒温时间30 min。样品在水中强蓝光的最大发射波为439 nm。通过加入金属离子,使金属离子与CNPs表面间形成复合物而淬灭荧光。Sn(II)离子对CNPs荧光具有显著的淬灭效应。Sn(II)离子浓度对淬灭效应符合Stern-Volmer线性关系,Sn(II)离子为6.13 mmol/L。Sn(II)离子的检测限为18.7μmol/L。 | Peggy Zhen Zhen Ngu Stephanie Pei Phing Chia Jessica Fung Yee Fong Sing Muk Ng | 2016 | 新型炭材料2016，31，2： | 4 |
| 16 | Genome-wide SNP Genotyping Resolves Signatures of Selection and Tetrasomic Recombination in Peanut显示文摘花生(Arachis hypogaea;2n = 4x = 40 ) 是滋养的食物和维生素,矿物质,和健康脂肪的好来源。扩大基因并且为栽培花生的基因改进的 genomic 资源从栽培花生的双祖先的定序的染色体获得了动量。便于 Arachis 种类的高产量的 genotyping, 20 遗传型被重新定序,染色体宽的单个核苷酸多型性(SNP ) 被选择开发一个大规模 SNP genotyping 数组。为在 genotyping 应用程序的灵活性,在 tetraploid 和双种类之间多态的 SNP 为使用被包括在栽培并且种间的人口。一套 384 就职被用来测试导致生产了在双种类之间的高质量的多态的簇的 54 564 个标记的数组, 47 116 个多态的标记在之间栽培并且种间的混血儿,和在 A 以内的 15 897 个多态的标记。hypogaea germplasm。一另外 1193 个标记被识别那照亮的 genomic 区域展出 tetrasomic 再结合。而且,完成美国跑步者 germplasm 的家谱的一套精英栽培变种是 genotyped 并且过去常识别经历了积极选择的 genomic 区域。这些观察在栽培花生在新基因差异的包括上提供关键卓见并且将通知发展高分辨率的印射的人口。由于它的效率,范围,和灵活性,最新发达的 SNP 数组将为在 Arachis 的进一步基因、引起的应用程序是很有用的。 | Josh Clevenger Ye Chu Carolina Chavarro Gaurav Agarwal David J. Bertioli Soraya C.M. LeaI-Bertioli Manish K. Pandey Justin Vaughn Brian Abernathy Noelle A. Barkley Ran Hovav Mark Burow Spurthi N. Nayak Annapurna Chitikineni Thomas G. Isleib C. Corley Holbrook Scott A. Jackson Rajeev K. Varshney Peggy Ozias-Akins | 2017 | Molecular Plant2017，10，2： | 4 |
| 17 | Need of integrated dietary therapy for persons with diabetes mellitus and “unhealthy” body constitution presentations显示文摘From a perspective of Chinese medicine(CM), persons with unregulated 'unhealthy' body constitution(BC) will further develop chronic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus(DM). Conventional dietary therapy with nutrition component has its limitations in the regulation of 'unhealthy' BC. However, empirical evidence supports that 'unhealthy' BC can be regulated with food natures and fl avors from a perspective of CM. Presentations of 'unhealthy' BC types, such as Yin-deficiency, Yang-deficiency and Yin-Yang deficiency were found in persons with DM. It would be necessary to regulate the 'unhealthy' BC presentations with integration of conventional dietary therapy and Chinese food therapy. The ultimate goal is to either stabilize glycaemic control or prevent the development of other chronic diseases leading to reduction of disease burden, such as disease-related poor quality of life, stress of healthcare professionals and the rising of healthcare cost. | Yee Chi Peggy Wong | 2016 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2016，14，4： | 3 |
| 18 | 基于问题的学习方法与香港学生显示文摘本论文旨在描述一系列小规模的行为调研项目,以研究香港大学生对基于问题的学习方法的看法与认识.本论文涵括了四个项目的成果,其中一个是针对全日制面对面模式中的学生,另外三个则是针对业余遥距教育的学生.这些项目的结果表明了学生们比较欢迎就与现实世界相关、相似的问题与同龄人进行讨论.然而,他们的一些反映也提出了问题:即基于问题的学习方法的性质是否符合中国学生的特点.项目的结果表明:对导师的依赖性、更多关心学习的量而非学习的质、担心时间的局限性以及来自外部的促动力,都是香港传统学习的特征,而这些特征并不符合基于问题的学习方法.本论文中还提出了一些方案以解决这些潜在的与之不相符的问题,以使基于问题的学习方法可以成为香港遥距教育中可采用的一种方案. | MargaretTAPLIN MayS.C.Chan ChuWaiWan Susanna KWOKSiuKuen Peggy MabelLAM AnnieOnNeiLEE AngelaLEUNG IreneS.C.SIAW | 1999 | 开放教育研究1999，5，4： | 3 |
| 19 | Implications from self-efficacy and attribution theories for an understanding of undergraduates’ motivation in a foreign language course显示文摘 | Pei-Hsuan Peggy Hsieh Diane L. Schallert | 2008 | Contemporary Educational Psychology2008，，4： | 2 |
| 20 | Prolonged Rapamycin Treatment Inhibits mTORC2 Assembly and Akt/PKB显示文摘 | Dos D. Sarbassov Siraj M. Ali Shomit Sengupta Joon-Ho Sheen Peggy P. Hsu Alex F. Bagley Andrew L. Markhard David M. Sabatini | 2006 | Molecular Cell2006，，2： | 2 |
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