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| 1 | Different patterns of intestinal response to injury after arterial,venous or arteriovenous occlusion in rats显示文摘AIM:To investigate the differences in injury patterns caused by arterial, venous or arteriovenous mesenteric occlusion.METHODS: Male Wistar rats were separated equally into four groups. Occlusion was performed by clamping the superior mesenteric artery (A), the mesenteric vein (V) or both (AV) for 30 min, followed by 60 min of reperfusion. A control group received sham surgery only. Intestinal sections were examined for histological damage and serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), endothelin-1 (ET-1), P-selectin, antithrombin (AT) and soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) concentrations were measured. RESULTS: All groups showed signif icant mucosal injury compared to controls. Furthermore, mucosal injury was significantly more severe in the V and AV groupscompared to the A group (3.6±0.55, 3.4±0.55 and 2±0.71, respectively, P=0.01). ICAM-1 was similarly elevated in all groups, with no significant differences between the groups. P-selectin levels were significantly elevated in the V and AV groups but not the A group (1.4±0.5 ng/mL, 2.52±0.9 ng/mL and 0.02±0.01 ng/mL, respectively, P=0.01) and ET-1 was significantly elevated in the A and V groups but not the AV group (0.32±0.04 pg/mL, 0.36±0.05 pg/mL and 0.29±0.03 pg/mL, respectively, P=0.01) compared to sham controls. AT CONCLUSION:Different patterns of response to ischemia/reperfusion are associated with venous, arterial or arteriovenous occlusion. Venous and arteriovenous occlusion was associated with the most severe alterations. | Francisco Javier Guzmán-de la Garza Carlos Rodrigo Cámara-Lemarroy Gabriela Alarcón-Galván Paula Cordero-Pérez Linda Elsa Muoz-Espinosa Nancy Esthela Fernández-Garza | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，31： | 10 |
| 2 | Endoscopic ultrasound-guided techniques for diagnosing pancreatic mass lesions: Can we do better?显示文摘The diagnostic approach to a possible pancreatic mass lesion relies first upon various non-invasive imaging modalities, including computed tomography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging techniques. Once a suspect lesion has been identified, tissue acquisition for characterization of the lesion is often paramount in developing an individualized therapeutic approach. Given the high prevalence and mortality associated with pancreatic cancer, an ideal approach to diagnosing pancreatic mass lesions would be safe, highly sensitive, and reproducible across various practice settings. Tools, in addition to radiologic imaging, currently employed in the initial evaluation of a patient with a pancreatic mass lesion include serum tumor markers, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration(EUS-FNA). EUS-FNA has grown to become the gold standard in tissue diagnosis of pancreatic lesions. | Andrew C Storm Linda S Lee | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，39： | 10 |
| 3 | 钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白-2抑制剂或胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂治疗成人2型糖尿病:临床实践指南显示文摘临床问题对于存在不同心血管风险及肾脏结局的2型糖尿病患者,在原有生活方式干预和/或其他降糖药物的基础上加用钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2(SGLT-2)抑制剂和胰高血糖素样肽1(GLP-1)受体激动剂的获益及风险是什么?现行做法几十年来,2型糖尿病的治疗决策都以控制血糖为主导。SGLT-2抑制剂和GLP-1受体激动剂在传统观念中常被用于二甲双胍治疗后血糖仍控制不佳的患者。目前这一现状已经发生了改变,这得益于多项临床研究结果。研究显示SGLT-2抑制剂和GLP-1受体激动剂拥有独立于药物降糖作用之外的对于动脉粥样硬化性心血管病(CVD)和慢性肾脏病(CKD)的获益。建议本指南阐述了针对不同风险分层的成人2型糖尿病患者使用SGLT-2抑制剂或GLP-1受体激动剂的建议。•伴有3种或更少的心血管风险因素且不存在CVD或CKD:不建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂或GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•伴有3种以上心血管风险因素且不存在CVD或CKD:建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂治疗,不建议启动GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•已经存在CVD或CKD:建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂治疗和GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•已经存在CVD和CKD:建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂治疗(推荐等级:强)和GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•对于那些想要进一步降低CVD和CKD结局风险的患者:推荐优先启用SGLT-2抑制剂治疗而非GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)这项指南是如何制订的一个由患者、临床医生和方法学家共同组成的国际小组提出了这些推荐意见。这些推荐意见基于可信度较高的指南的标准,并使用GRADE分级方法进行评估。该小组采用了息者个体化的观点。证据一项关于获益与风险的系统综述和网络meta分析(764项随机对照研究,包括421346例参与者)发现SGLT-2抑制剂和GLP-1受体激动剂可以降低总体死亡率、心肌梗死发生率、终末期肾病或肾衰竭的发生率(中等至高等质量的证据)。在不同的亚组中这些药物对卒中、因心力衰竭所致住院和其他主要不良事件有不同的影响。药物绝对获益的程度因患者个体风险的不同有很大的差异。(例如,对于接受了超过5年药物治疗的1000例患者,在最低风险人群中死亡人数减少了5人,在最高风险人群中死亡人数减少了48人)。一项关于预后的综述确认了14种风险预测模型,其中一种(RECODe)在证据总结中报告了大部分基线风险评估数据,小组利用该模型以支持风险分层的建议。考虑到患者的价值观及个体差异,指南推荐的支撑证据包括一项对已发表论文的系统综述、一项患者焦点小组研究、一项临床问题总结,以及一项指南调查。指南解读我们依据不同的CVD和CKD风险水平,综合考虑获益、风险和其他因素的平衡,以及每一个风险组别的实际问题,来对推荐意见进行分层。本指南强烈建议CVD和CKD患者使用SGLT-2抑制剂治疗,这说明专家组认为其具有显著的获益。而对于其他成人2型糖尿病患者,推荐等级较弱,这说明专家组想要在获益、风险及治疗花费上取得一个更好的平衡。临床医生通过该指南可以使用可靠的风险计算模型,如RECODe,来明确其患者的个体心血管和肾脏疾病风险。医患交互式总结临床证据和制订决策有助于患者知晓治疗选择,包括进行共同决策。2型糖尿病人群(全球患病率不断增长1-2)正面临着不断增加的心血管疾病、肾脏病和其他并发症的风险3。数十年来,2型糖尿病的管理始终以控制血糖及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)为治疗目标4-5,但是,最近的高质量随机对照研究已经对这种以血糖为中心的治疗模式发起了挑战。研究结果显示,强化血糖控制未必会降低大血管不良事件,它还可能带来不利影响监管机构现在要求新型糖尿病药物必须证明其具有心血管和肾脏获益才能获得批准。对两类新药--钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2(SGLT-2)抑制剂和胰高血糖素样肽1(GLP-1)受体激动剂(见框图1)的临床试验结果显示,在现有治疗方案(常规治疗)之上加用这些药物,对死亡、心肌梗死、卒中、心力衰竭和肾脏的结局(如进展为终末期肾病)都有获益8-12。 | Sheyu Li Per Olav Vandvik Lyubov Lytvyn Gordon H Guyatt Suetonia C Palmer Rene Rodriguez-Gutierrez Farid Foroutan Thomas Agoritsas Reed A C Siemieniuk Michael Walsh Lawrie Frere David J Tunnicliffe Evi V Nagler Veena Manja Bjφrn Olav Asvold Vivekanand Jha Mieke Vermandere Karim Gariani Qian Zhao Yan Ren Emma Jane Cartwright Patrick Gee Alan Wickes Linda Fems Robin Wright Ling Li Qiukui Hao Reem A Mustafa 无 郭鹤鸣(译) | 2021 | 英国医学杂志中文版2021，24，9： | 7 |
| 4 | New era of colorectal cancer screening显示文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the 2^(nd) most common cancer in women and 3^(rd) most common cancer in men worldwide. Most CRCs develop from adenomatous polyps arising from glandular epithelium. Tumor growth is initiated by mutation of the tumor suppressor gene APC and involves other genetic mutations in a stepwise process over years. Both hereditary and environmental factors contribute to the development of CRC. Screening has been proven to reduce the incidence of CRC. Screening has also contributed to the decrease in CRC mortality in the United States. However,CRC incidence and/or mortality remain on the rise in some parts of the world(Eastern Europe,Asia,and South America),likely due to factors including westernized diet,lifestyle,and lack of healthcare infrastructure. Multiple screening options are available,ranging from direct radiologic or endoscopic visualization tests that primarily detect premalignant or malignant lesions such as flexible sigmoidoscopy,optical colonoscopy,colon capsule endoscopy,computed tomographic colonography,and double contrast barium enema- to stool based tests which primarily detect cancers,including fecal DNA,fecal immunochemical test,and fecal occult blood test. The availability of some of these tests is limited to areas with high economic resources. This article will discuss CRC epidemiology,pathogenesis,risk factors,and screening modalities with a particular focus on new technologies. | Maysaa El Zoghbi Linda C Cummings | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2016，8，5： | 7 |
| 5 | Function and regulation of self-reactive marginal zone B cells in autoimmune arthritis显示文摘Polyreactive 天生类型的 B 房间说明在圆周表示自我反应的许多 B 房间。这些 B 房间的不适当的规定可以是位于自体免疫的疾病下面的一个重要因素。这里,我们在导致骨胶原的关节炎(中央情报局) 的开发探索了自我反应的天生的 B 房间的影响,风湿性关节炎的一个鼠标模型。我们显示出那个脾的边缘的地区(MZ ) ,然而并非 B-1 B 房间在 naı 展出自发的 IgM 反应到自体同源的骨胶原 II; ¨ ve 老鼠。在有在完全的 Freund’ 的 heterologous 骨胶原 II 的免疫之上;骨胶原反应的 MZ B 房间很快扩展了的 s 助手,当 B-1 B 房间显示出谦虚反骨胶原回答时。MZ B 房间被像使用费的受体(TLR ) 容易激活 4 并且在 vitro,导致的增长和 cytokine 分泌物的 9-ligands,暗示 B 房间受体和 TLR 的那个双约会可以把有免疫力的反应提升到自我抗原。而且,告知骨胶原的 MZ B 房间显示出在 vivo 在 IgG 反骨胶原抗体的 vitro 和正式就职由血缘的 T 房间增长思考了的重要介绍抗原的能力。在 1 和 2 表明了的补充受体是缺乏的 MZ B 房间增加了增长和 cytokine 生产,当时 Fcγ房间的受体 IIb 缺乏导致增加的 cytokine 生产和抗原表示。在结论,我们的数据在中央情报局作为自体免疫的反应的开始者加亮自我反应的 MZ B 房间,在补充和 Fc 受体在在房间控制自我反应是相关的的地方。 | Anna-Karin E Palm Heike C Friedrich Anja Mezger Maya Salomonsson Linda K Myers Sandra Kleinau | 2015 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2015，12，4： | 3 |
| 6 | Disruption of the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway prevents 5-fluorouracil-induced diarrhea in mice显示文摘AIM To clarify the roles of TWEAK and its receptor Fn14 in 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)-induced diarrhea.METHODS Diarrhea was induced in wild-type(WT), Fn14 knockout(KO), and IL-13 receptor(IL-13R)α1 KO BALB/c mice using a single injection of 5-FU. Histological analysis, cytokine analysis, and flow cytometry was performed on ileal tissues and cells. Murine colon carcinomabearing mice were co-treated with an anti-TWEAK antibody and 5-FU. Embryonic fibroblast response to cytokines was also analyzed.RESULTS5-FU induced high Fn14 expression in epithelial cells. The severity of 5-FU-induced diarrhea was lower in Fn14 KO mice compared with WT mice. Administration of anti-TWEAK antibody reduced 5-FU-induced diarrhea without affecting the antitumor effects of 5-FU in vivo. 5-FU-induced expression of IL-13, IL-17 A, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in the ileum was Fn14 dependent. The severity of 5-FU-induced diarrhea was lower in IL-13Rα1 KO mice, indicating major role for IL-13 signaling via IL-13Rα1 in pathogenesis. We found that IL-13Rα2, an IL-13 neutralizing/cell protective receptor, was strongly induced by IL-33 in vitro and in vivo. IL-13Rα2 was upregulated in the ileum of 5-FU-treated Fn14 KO mice. Thus, the deletion of Fn14 upregulated IL-13Rα2 expression, which reduced IL-13 expression and activity. CONCLUSION Disruption of the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway affects several interconnected pathways, including those associated with IL-13, IL-33, and IL-13Rα2, to attenuate 5-FUinduced intestinal side effects. | Takuhito Sezaki Yuki Hirata Teruki Hagiwara Yuki I Kawamura Tadashi Okamura Rieko Takanashi Kenta Nakano Miwa Tamura-Nakano Linda C Burkly Taeko Dohi | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，13： | 3 |
| 7 | 含高钙和维生素D的强化奶能有效提高健康的绝经后的中国女性体内的维生素D水平并减少骨吸收显示文摘目的钙摄入水平低以及体内维生素D不足是导致亚洲女性罹患骨质疏松的危险因素。此项研究的目的是评估高钙维生素D强化牛奶(HCM)对健康的中国绝经后妇女的体内维生素D状态和骨吸收标志物进行干预的影响。方法本试验对象为55岁以上,绝经至少5年的女性。共有124名女性进行了总体健康状况和骨密度检查筛选。63名女性被随机分为对照组和试验组,试验组在12w内每日饮用两次高钙/维生素D强化奶(含900 mg钙、96 mg镁、2.4 mg锌和6.4μg维生素D)。2组分别在试验开始、试验2 w、8 w和12 w时测量血矿物质、25(OH)维生素D3和Ⅰ型胶原C端肽(CTX)水平。结果对照组女性平均年龄为63±4.6岁,高钙强化奶(HCM)组女性平均年龄为62±3.8岁。所测得的每日钙摄入量的基线值为HCM组260~482 mg,对照组为252~692 mg。12 w后HCM组的平均身体质量指数(BMI)显著降低(P<0.05)。HCM组的血25(OH)维生素D3水平显著提高(33.13~39.49 nmol/L),而对照组则维持不变(29.27~28.21 nmol/L)。HCM组的血CTX水平在0 w和2 w之间下降了25%,并保持不变直至第12w。从第2w开始HCM组和对照组相比血CTX水平就出现了显著差异(P<0.001)。结论通过饮用含高钙和维生素D的强化奶(HCM),在2至4w内能显著提高中国绝经妇女体内维生素D水平,并减少骨吸收破坏。如果长期持续地饮用含高钙和维生素D的强化奶(HCM),能减少骨吸收和骨量丢失的风险,从而减少患骨质疏松和由此引起骨折的风险。 | Marlena C Kruger PengCheng Ha Joanne M Todd Barbara Kuhn-Sherlock Linda M Schollum Jiliang Ma George Qin Edith Lau | 2013 | 中国骨质疏松杂志2013，19，2： | 2 |
| 8 | Superior safety of direct oral anticoagulants compared to Warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation and underlying cancer: a national veterans affairs database study显示文摘Background Studies evaluating safety of warfarin and direct oral anticoagulants(DOACs) for prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation(AF) are lacking. Methods & Results All patients(n = 196,521) receiving care at veteran’s affairs with active cancer and AF from 2010–2015 were included. One-year mortality was significantly higher in unadjusted analysis with warfarin(44.9%) compared to dabigatran(25%, P < 0.001), rivaroxaban(24.4%, P < 0.001) and apixaban(30%, P < 0.001) and after adjusting for age, sex and type of cancer mortality(OR = 2.66, 95% CI: 2.52–2.82, P < 0.001). Risk of ischemic stroke(13.5% vs. 11.1%, 12.0%, 14.0%) was similar, however risk of hemorrhagic stroke was significantly higher among patients receiving warfarin(1.2%) compared to patients receiving dabigatran(0.5%), rivaroxaban(0.7%) and apixaban(0.8%) respectively, P = 0.04. Conclusions We demonstrated the superior safety profile of DOACs compared to warfarin among patients with underlying cancer and AF. Warfarin was associated with higher mortality, similar ischemic stroke risk but higher risk of hemorrhagic stroke. | Abhishek C Sawant Arnav Kumar Wilmon Mccray Sheldon Tetewsky Linda Parone Srilekha Sridhara Meghana Prakash Hiriyur Prakash Gary Tse Tong LIU Nidhi Kanwar Aishwarya Bhardwaj Sahoor Khan Christopher Manion Ankush Lahoti Ashish Pershad Peter Elkin John Corbelli | 2019 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2019，16，9： | 2 |
| 9 | Stem cells for cardiac repair: an introduction显示文摘Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Most cardiovascular diseases, such as ischemic heart disease and cardiomyopathy, are associated with loss of functional cardiomyocytes. Unfortunately, the heart has a limited regenerative capacity and is not able to replace these cardiomyocytes once lost. In recent years, stem cells have been put forward as a potential source for cardiac regeneration. Pre-clinical studies that use stem cell-derived cardiac cells show promising results. The mechanisms,though, are not well understood, results have been variable, sometimes transient in the long term, and often without a mechanistic explanation.There are still severalmajor hurdles to be taken. Stem cell-derived cardiac cells should resemble original cardiac cell types and be able to integrate in the damaged heart. Integration requires administration of stem cell-derived cardiac cells at the right time using the right mode of delivery. Once delivered, transplanted cells need vascularization, electrophysiological coupling with the injured heart, and prevention of immunological rejection. Finally, stem cell therapy needs to be safe, reproducible, and affordable. In this review, we will give an introduction to the principles of stem cell based cardiac repair. | Bastiaan C du Pr(e) Pieter A Doevendans Linda W van Laake | 2013 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2013，10，2： | 2 |
| 10 | Akt Promotes Cell Survival by Phosphorylating and Inhibiting a Forkhead Transcription Factor显示文摘 | Anne Brunet Azad Bonni Michael J Zigmond Michael Z Lin Peter Juo Linda S Hu Michael J Anderson Karen C Arden John Blenis Michael E Greenberg | 1999 | Cell1999，，6： | 2 |
| 11 | A next-generation marker genotyping platform(AmpSeq)in heterozygous crops:a case study for marker-assisted selection in grapevine显示文摘Marker-assisted selection(MAS)is often employed in crop breeding programs to accelerate and enhance cultivar development,via selection during the juvenile phase and parental selection prior to crossing.Next-generation sequencing and its derivative technologies have been used for genome-wide molecular marker discovery.To bridge the gap between marker development and MAS implementation,this study developed a novel practical strategy with a semi-automated pipeline that incorporates trait-associated single nucleotide polymorphism marker discovery,low-cost genotyping through amplicon sequencing(AmpSeq)and decision making.The results document the development of a MAS package derived from genotyping-by-sequencing using three traits(flower sex,disease resistance and acylated anthocyanins)in grapevine breeding.The vast majority of sequence reads(⩾99%)were from the targeted regions.Across 380 individuals and up to 31 amplicons sequenced in each lane of MiSeq data,most amplicons(83 to 87%)had<10%missing data,and read depth had a median of 220–244×.Several strengths of the AmpSeq platform that make this approach of broad interest in diverse crop species include accuracy,flexibility,speed,high-throughput,low-cost and easily automated analysis. | Shanshan Yang Jonathan Fresnedo-Ramíre Minghui Wang Linda Cote Peter Schweitzer Paola Barba Elizabeth M Takacs Matthew Clark James Luby David C Manns Gavin Sacks Anna Katharine Mansfield Jason Londo Anne Fennell David Gadoury Bruce Reisch Lance Cadle-Davidson Qi Sun | 2016 | Horticulture Research2016，3，1： | 2 |
| 12 | Endometriosis显示文摘 | Linda C Giudice Lee C Kao | 2004 | 2004 (9447)2004，，9447： | 2 |
| 13 | Relation between stillbirth and specific chlorination by-products in public water supplies显示文摘 | WILL D KING LINDA DODDS ALEXANDER C ALLEM | 2000 | Environmental Health Perspectives2000，108，9： | 1 |
| 14 | Endometriosis显示文摘 | Linda C Giudice Lee C Kao | 2004 | Lancet2004，364，： | 1 |
| 15 | Cryopreservation of embryos and ova显示文摘 | Shevach F Linda C G Emmet J L | 1988 | Fert Steril1988，49，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Endometriosis显示文摘 | Linda C Giudice | 2010 | N Engl J Med2010，362，25： | 1 |
| 17 | Market Reac- tions to the Disclosure of Internal Control Weaknesses and to the Characteristics of Those Weaknesses Under Section 302 of the Sarbanes - Oxley Act of 2002 显示文摘 | Hammersley J S M A Linda C Shakespeare | 2008 | Review of Account- ing Studies2008，13，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Genetic model for plant pathosystems 显示文摘 | Jacob C Kesinger and Linda J S Allen | 2002 | Mathematical Biosciences2002，177，： | 1 |
| 19 | Computational and experimental characterization of physically clustered simple sequence repeats in plants 显示文摘 | Linda C Luke R Dan M | 2000 | Genetics2000，156，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Pre-sleep cognitive activity and thought control strategies in insomnia显示文摘 | Charles M Morin Linda Gendron France C Blais | 2005 | Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy2005，19，1： | 1 |
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