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| 1 | Subcurative radiation significantly increases cell proliferation, invasion, and migration of primary glioblastoma multiforme in vivo显示文摘Tumor cell proliferation, infiltration, migration, and neovascularization are known causes of treatment resistance in glioblastoma multiforme(GBM). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of radiation on the growth characteristics of primary human GBM developed in a nude rat. Primary GBM cells grown from explanted GBM tissues were implanted orthotopically in nude rats. Tumor growth was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging on day 77(baseline) after implantation. The rats underwent irradiation to a dose of 50 Gy delivered subcuratively on day 84 postimplantation(n = 8), or underwent no radiation(n = 8). Brain tissues were obtained on day 112(nonirradiated) or day 133(irradiated). Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine tumor cell proliferation(Ki-67) and to assess the expression of infiltration marker(matrix metalloproteinase-2, MMP-2) and cell migration marker(CD44). Tumor neovascularization was assessed by microvessel density using von-Willebrand factor(vWF) staining. Magnetic resonance imaging showed well-developed, infiltrative tumors in 11 weeks postimplantation. The proportion of Ki-67-positive cells in tumors undergoing radiation was(71 ± 15)% compared with(25 ± 12)% in the nonirradiated group(P = 0.02). The number of MMP-2-positive areas and proportion of CD44-positive cells were also high in tumors receiving radiation, indicating great invasion and infiltration. Microvessel density analysis did not show a significant difference between nonirradiated and irradiated tumors. Taken together, we found that subcurative radiation significantly increased proliferation, invasion, and migration of primary GBM. Our study provides insights into possible mechanisms of treatment resistance following radiation therapy for GBM. | Adarsh Shankar Sanath Kumar Asm Iskander Nadimpalli RS Varma Branislava Janic Ana deCarvalho Tom Mikkelsen Joseph A Frank Meser M Ali Robert A Knight Stephen Brown Ali S Arbab | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2014，33，3： | 5 |
| 2 | Simulation studies on a multi-stage stacked tray solar still显示文摘 | Adhikari RS Kumar A Sootha G D | 1995 | Solar Energy1995，54，3： | 1 |
| 3 | Curcumininduced inhibition of cellular reactive oxygen species generation: novel therapeutic implications 显示文摘 | Balasubramanyam M Koteswari AA Kumar RS | 2003 | J Biosci2003，28，6： | 1 |
| 4 | Prevention of thromboembo|ic complication in atrial fibrillation by using anticoagulants 显示文摘 | Wagh K Vikhe VB Kumar RS | 2013 | J Assoc of Physieians India2013，61，12： | 1 |
| 5 | Parapharyngeal space lipoma显示文摘 | Kakani RS Bahadur S Kumar S | 1992 | Joural of Laryngoloy and Otology1992，106，： | 1 |
| 6 | Skin dose estimation for various beam modifiers and source-to-sudace distances for 6MV photons 显示文摘 | Girisesh Yadav RS Yadav Alok Kumar | 2009 | J Med Phys2009，34，： | 1 |
| 7 | Changes in ante- rior segment morphology after laser peripheral iridotomy: an anterior segment optical coherence tomography study 显示文摘 | How AC Baskaran M Kumar RS | 2012 | Ophthalmology2012，119，： | 1 |
| 8 | Relative overexp ression of macrophage derived cytokines in orbital adipose tissue from patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy显示文摘 | Kumar S Bahn RS | 2003 | J Clin EndocrinolMetab2003，88，： | 1 |
| 9 | Effect of farmyard manure and fertilizer application on crop yield, runoff and soil erosion and soil organic carbon under rainfed pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum)显示文摘 | Kumar G Kurothe RS Brajendra Vishwakarma AK Rao BK Pande VC | 2014 | Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences2014，84，7： | 1 |
| 10 | Population structure and dynamics of magnaporthe grisea in the indian himalayas 显示文摘 | Kumar J Nelson RJ Zeigler RS | 1999 | Genetics1999，152，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Sequential anastomosis of accessory renal artery to inferior epigastrie artery in the management of multiple arteries in live related renal transplantation: a critical appraisal 显示文摘 | Kumar A Gupta RS Srivastava A | 2001 | Clin Transplant2001，15，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Basic Pathology 显示文摘 | Kumar V Cotran RS Robbins SL | 1997 | 6th edit Harcourt Brance & Company1997，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Five-year risk of pro- gression of primary angle closure to primary angle closure glau- coma: a population-based study 显示文摘 | Thomas R Parikh R Muliyil J Kumar RS | 2003 | Acta Ophthalmol Scand2003，81，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Glaucoma management in developing countries:medical,laser,and surgical options for glaucoma management in countries with limited resources显示文摘 | Thomas R Sekhar GC Kumar RS | 2004 | Curr Opin Ophthalmol2004，15，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Lipid peroxidation and diabetic retinopathy显示文摘 | Kumar RS Anthrayose CV lyer KV | 2001 | Indian J Med Sci2001，55，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Relative overexpression of macrophagederived cytokines in orbital adipose tissue from patients with graves' ophthalmopathy 显示文摘 | Kumar S Bahn RS | 2003 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab2003，88，9： | 1 |
| 17 | ELISA for quantitation of serum C-erbB-2 oncoprotein in breast cancer patients显示文摘 | KUMAR RS KUMAR NS | 2002 | J Immunoassay Immunochem2002，23，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Effect of aberrant promoter methylation of FHIT and RASSF1A genes on susceptibility to cervical cancer in a North Indian population 显示文摘 | Neyaz MK Kumar RS Hussain S | 2008 | Biomarkers2008，13，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Production and purifi-cation of a novel exopolysaccharide from lactic acid bacterium Streptococcus phocae PI80 and its functional characteristics ac-tivity in vitro显示文摘 | Kanmani P kumar RS Yuvaraj N et a1 | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 20 | Relationships between thyroid function and lipid status or insulin re-sistance in a pediatric population显示文摘 | Nader NS Bahn RS Johnson MD Weaver AL Singh R Kumar S | 2010 | Thyroid2010，20，12： | 1 |
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