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| 1 | 国际疼痛研究协会疼痛定义修订版:概念、挑战和折中显示文摘现行国际疼痛研究协会(IASP)将疼痛定义为'与实际或潜在组织损伤,或描述的类似损伤相关的一种不愉快的感觉和情感体验',该定义是由一个分类小组委员会推荐,并于1979年被IASP理事会所采纳。这一定义已被疼痛领域的卫生保健专业人士和研究人员广泛接受,并被一些行业、政府及非政府组织(包括世界卫生组织)所采用。近年来,一些业内人士认为,随着对疼痛更深入的了解,有必要对这个定义重新审定,并提出了修改建议。因此,2018年,IASP成立了一个主席特别工作小组,该小组是由14名来自多个国家的在疼痛相关的临床和基础科学方面拥有广泛专业知识的人员组成,其任务是评估现行定义及其附带注释,并对其保留还是修改提出建议。本文提供了关键概念的摘要、对IASP会员和公众评论的分析以及两年内委员会对疼痛定义和注释的最终修订意见。特别工作小组最后建议将疼痛定义修改为'与组织损伤或潜在组织损伤相关或类似相关的一种不愉快的感觉和情感体验',并将原来的附带注释更新为一系列简要说明并提供相关词源。今年年初,IASP理事会一致接受了修订后的定义和注释。 | Raja SN.Carr DB Cohen M.Finnerup NB Flor H.Gibson S Keefe FJ.Mogil JS Ringkamp M.Sluka KA Song XJ.Stevens B Sullivan MD.Tutelman PR Ushida T.Vader K 程志祥(译) 许继军(译) 程建国(审校) 刘先国(审校) 刘延青(审校) | 2020 | 中华疼痛学杂志2020，16，5： | 137 |
| 2 | Notch signaling controls chondrocyte hypertrophy via indirect regulation of Sox9显示文摘RBPjk-dependent Notch signaling regulates both the onset of chondrocyte hypertrophy and the progression to terminal chondrocyte maturation during endochondral ossification. It has been suggested that Notch signaling can regulate Sox9 transcription, although how this occurs at the molecular level in chondrocytes and whether this transcriptional regulation mediates Notch control of chondrocyte hypertrophy and cartilage development is unknown or controversial. Here we have provided conclusive genetic evidence linking RBPjk-dependent Notch signaling to the regulation of Sox9 expression and chondrocyte hypertrophy by examining tissuespecific Rbpjk mutant(Prx1Cre;Rbpjkf/f), Rbpjk mutant/Sox9 haploinsufficient(Prx1Cre;Rbpjkf/f;Sox9f/1),and control embryos for alterations in SOX9 expression and chondrocyte hypertrophy during cartilage development. These studies demonstrate that Notch signaling regulates the onset of chondrocyte maturation in a SOX9-dependent manner, while Notch-mediated regulation of terminal chondrocyte maturation likely functions independently of SOX9. Furthermore, our in vitro molecular analyses of the Sox9 promoter and Notch-mediated regulation of Sox9 gene expression in chondrogenic cells identified the ability of Notch to induce Sox9 expression directly in the acute setting, but suppresses Sox9 transcription with prolonged Notch signaling that requires protein synthesis of secondary effectors. | Anat Kohn Timothy P Rutkowski Zhaoyang Liu Anthony J Mirando Michael J Zuscik Regis J O'Keefe Matthew J Hilton | 2015 | Bone Research2015，3，3： | 8 |
| 3 | Molecular insights into the heterogeneity of telomere reprogramming in induced pluripotent stem cells显示文摘有各种各样的长度的 telomeres 的返老还童在导致的 pluripotent 干细胞(iPSCs ) 被发现了。telomere 长度规定的机制在 iPSCs 的正式就职和增长期间留下逃犯。我们证明 telomere 动力学在 reprogramming 和经过期间在鼠标 iPSCs 是可变的,并且建议这些差别多半源于多重潜在的因素,包括包括外长的 reprogramming 因素的表示的 telomerase 机械, telomerase 独立的机制和同种细胞的影响。用一个基因模型 telomerase 缺乏(为 iPSCs 的推导和段落的 Terc −/− 和 Terc +/−) 房间,我们发现 telomerase 在 iPSCs 的 reprogramming 和自强起一个关键作用。进一步,当由再结合的延伸和维护的其他的小径也被要求时, telomeres 的 telomerase 维护为真 pluripotency 的正式就职是必要的,然而并非足够。一起, telomere 生物学的几个方面可以在 iPSCs 说明可变 telomere 动力学。尤其是,采用在 iPSC reprogramming 期间维持 telomeres 的机制很类似于胚胎的干细胞的那些。这些调查结果可以也联系到这些机制能为在由体的房间的原子 reprogramming 以后的 telomere 异质负责的克隆的地原子转移。 | Fang Wang Yu Yin Xiaoying Ye Kai Liu Haiying Zhu Lingling Wang Maria Chiourea Maja Okuka Guangzhen Ji Jiameng Dan Bingfeng Zuo Minshu Li Qian Zhang Na Liu Lingyi Chen Xinghua Pan Sarantis Gagos David L Keefe Lin Liu | 2012 | Cell Research2012，22，4： | 7 |
| 4 | Characterization of the Nanoscale Microstructure of an Immersion Silver on Sputtered Copper显示文摘Silver has grown its attraction of the scientists in microelectronic field recently. Electrochemical deposition of silver onto copper substrates by immersion method has been one of the keen topics. In this study, ethanol was used as the plating solution in which some chemicals were added. The silver deposits were characterized by a field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), an atom force microscope (AFM), a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and a selected area electron diffraction (SAED). It was found that silver immersion using ethanol-based bath has good coverage feature. The highlands of the copper substrate are coated by silver particles whose sizes are around 12 nm, but those sizes at low-lying lands are a little smaller. | TANG Dian WEI Zhe-Liang SHAO Yan-Qun YOU Shao-Xin O'KEEFE Mathew O' KEEFE Thomas | 2005 | Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry2005，24，8： | 6 |
| 5 | NANO-STRUCTURED SILVER COATING ON COPPER PREPARED IN AN ETHANOL-BASED SOLUTION显示文摘Recently, silver as an electrochemical deposit on copper substrate has been attracting much attention in the microelectronics field. To deposit nano-scale silver particles on copper, immersion plating using cyanide-based baths is commonly used. In this study, non-toxic ethanol was used as the plating solution. Sputtered copper samples were terized by a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDS),and an atomic force microscope (AFM). It was found that the deposited particles are metallic silver. After 3 s immersion,fine particles whose diameters were around 6 nm had covered about 40% of the surface of the copper substrate. After10 s immersion, the copper surface was completely covered by silver particles, the diameters of which have increased to about 10-15 nm. After the whole surface was covered, a dense and smooth silver coating was obtained. | Zheliang Wei Dian Tang Thomas O'Keefe | 2005 | China Particuology2005，3，5： | 6 |
| 6 | 结构性多孔钽生物材料用于成人重建术的临床论证显示文摘在过去的三十年中,大多数钽珠烧结以及钽纤维丝弥散结合制造的多孔涂层,已用于骨科植入物的生物连接。近十年来,诞生了一种由商业纯钽制成的,具有独特物理和力学特性的新型多孔生物材料。与传统多孔涂层相比,该材料拥有更高的空隙容积、更自由连通的孔、与骨更高的摩擦系数,以及较低的成块硬化性(图1)。此外,该材料为结构性的,有足够的强度可以直接制造植入体,而无需实心的金属基质作支撑。 | DENNIS BOBYN R.A.POGGIE J.J.KRYGIER D.G.LEWALLEN A.D.HANSSEN R.J.LEWIS A.S.UNGER T.J.O'KEEFE M.J.CHRISTIE S.NASSER J.E.WOOD S.D.STULBERG M.TANZER 王毅(译) | 2005 | 骨科动态2005，1，3： | 5 |
| 7 | Tube feeding,the microbiota,and Clostridium diff icile infection显示文摘Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is now the leading cause of nosocomial diarrhea in the USA, accounting for 30% of patients with antibiotic-associated diarrhea, 70% of those with antibiotic-associated colitis, and most cases of pseudomembranous colitis. The organism has evolved over the last 8 years to become more virulent and resistant to antimicrobials (NAP1/027 strain) causing a more severe form of the disease that has increased mortality and healthcare costs. While it is generally accepted that the problem results from the overuse of antibiotics, and in particular second and third generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones and macrolides, recent studies suggest that acid suppres-sion with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may be equally culpable. A further common, but less recognized, etiological factor is the prolonged use of elemental diets. Such diets are totally absorbed within the small intestine and therefore deprive the colonic microbiota of their source of nutrition, namely dietary fiber, fructose oligosaccharides, and resistant starch. The resultant suppression of colonic fermentation leads to suppression of the 'good' bacteria, such as butyrate-producers (butyrate being essential for colonic mucosal health), and bifidobacteria and the creation of a 'permissive' environment for C. difficile colonization and subsequent infection. Based on this analysis, the best chance of suppressing the emerging C. difficile epidemic is to adopt a 3-pronged attack consisting of (1) avoidance of the use of prophylactic antibiotics, (2) the avoidance of prophylactic PPIs, and (3) the conversion of elemental diet feeding to a diet containing adequate indigestible carbohydrate after the first week of critical illness. In this review, we highlight the rising worldwide incidence of C. difficile associated diarrhea and the role played by non-residue diets in destabilizing the colonic microbiota. | Stephen JD O'Keefe | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，2： | 4 |
| 8 | Effect of fiber supplementation on the microbiota in critically ill patients显示文摘AIM:To determine tolerance to fiber supplementation of semi-elemental tube feeds in critically ill patients and measure its effect on colonic microbiota and fermentation.METHODS:Thirteen intensive care unit patients receiving jejunal feeding with a semi-elemental diet for predominantly necrotizing pancreatitis were studied.The study was divided into 2 parts:first,short-term (3-9 d)clinical tolerance and colonic fermentation as assessed by fecal short chain fatty acid(SCFA)concentrations and breath hydrogen and methane was measured in response to progressive fiber supplementation increasing from 4 g tid up to normal requirement levels of 8 g tid;second,4 patients with diarrhea were studied for 2-5 wk with maximal supplementation to additionally assess its influence on fecal microbiota quantitated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)of microbial 16S rRNA genes and Human Intestinal Tract Chip(HITChip)microarray analysis.Nearly all patients were receiving antibiotics(10/13)and acid suppressants(11/13)at some stage during the studies.RESULTS:In group 1,tolerance to progressive fiber supplementation was good with breath hydrogen and methane evidence(P=0.008 and P<0.0001,respectively)of increased fermentation with no exacerbation of abdominal symptoms and resolution of diarrhea in 2 of 4 patients.In group 2 before supplementation,fecal microbiota mass and their metabolites,SCFA,were dramatically lower in patients compared to healthy volunteers.From qPCR and HITChip analyses we calculated that there was a 97%reduction in the predominant potential butyrate producers and starch degraders.Following 2-5 wk of fiber supplementation there was a significant increase in fecal SCFA(acetate 28.4±4.1μmol/g to 42.5±3.1μmol/g dry weight,P=0.01;propionate 1.6±0.5 vs 6.22±1.1,P=0.006 and butyrate 2.5±0.6 vs 5.9±1.1,P=0.04)and microbial counts of specific butyrate producers,with resolution of diarrhea in 3 of 4 patients.CONCLUSION:Conventional management of critically ill patients,which includes the use of elemental diets and broad-spectrum antibiotics,was associated with gross suppression of the colonic microbiota and their production of essential colonic fuels,i.e.,SCFA.Our investigations show that fiber supplementation of the feeds has the potential to improve microbiota mass and function,thereby reducing the risks of diarrhea due to dysbiosis. | Stephen JD O'Keefe Junhai Ou James P DeLany Scott Curry Erwin Zoetendal H Rex Gaskins Scott Gunn | 2011 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2011，2，6： | 3 |
| 9 | Systematic review of agents for the management of gastrointestinal mucositis in cancer patients显示文摘 | Rachel J. Gibson Dorothy M. K. Keefe Rajesh V. Lalla Emma Bateman Nicole Blijlevens Margot Fijlstra Emily E. King Andrea M. Stringer Walter J. F. M. Velden Roger Yazbeck Sharon Elad Joanne M. Bowen | 2013 | Supportive Care in Cancer2013，，1： | 3 |
| 10 | Association of telomere length with authentic pluripotency of ES/iPS cells显示文摘Telomerase 和 telomeres 为干细胞的不定的复制是重要的。最近,体的房间的 telomeres 被发现是 reprogrammed 在导致的 pluripotent 干细胞(iPSCs ) 伸长。然而,在在胚胎的干细胞(转换字符) 或 iPSCs 的 vivo 的发展 pluripotency 的 telomeres 的角色直接没被探讨。我们证明有长 telomeres 的转换字符展出真发展 pluripotency,由完全的转换字符小狗以及 germline 能干的怪物的产生证实了在啮齿类动物可得到的最紧的测试。有短 telomeres 的转换字符显示出减少的 teratoma 形成和怪物生产,并且没能产生完全的转换字符小狗。Telomere 长度高度被相关(r > 0.8 ) 与转换字符的发展 pluripotency。短 telomeres 减少 proliferative 率或转换字符的能力,改变与 telomere epigenetics 有关的基因的表示,为 embryogenesis 重要的下面调整基因并且破坏细菌房间区别。而且,有更长的 telomeres 的 iPSCs 与短 telomeres 比那些与更高的效率产生怪物。我们功能的 telomeres 为 ESCs/iPSCs 的发展 pluripotency 是必要的并且建议那 telomere 长度可以提供一个珍贵标记评估干细胞 pluripotency 的数据表演,特别地当紧测试不是可行的时。 | Junjiu Huang Fang Wang Maja Okuka Na Liu Guangzhen Ji Xiaoying Ye Bingfeng Zuo Minshu Li Ping Liang William W Ge John CM Tsibris David L Keefe Lin Liu | 2011 | Cell Research2011，21，5： | 3 |
| 11 | 膳食甘氨酸的健康保护潜力显示文摘谷胱甘肽是一种重要的清除型抗氧化剂,可以抵抗过氧化氢的促炎信号传导。细胞谷胱甘肽水平的提高可能在预防和治疗由氧化应激引起的各种疾病上具有广泛的用途。在膳食中添加N-乙酰半胱氨酸就是出于该目的。添加甘氨酸是否能促进谷胱甘肽的合成,为此我们利用PubMed文献数据库对相关文献进行了综述。结果发现动物机体组织中甘氨酸的水平低于甘氨酸的谷胱甘肽合成酶米氏常数(Km)。当甘氨酸供应量太少不足以维持正常的谷胱甘肽合成速度时,组织中γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸的浓度就会升高,从而导致尿液中其替代代谢产物5-L-氧代脯氨酸的含量增多。这种代谢产物在素食者和其他食用蛋白水平相对低的膳食的人尿液中水平增加的事实强烈表明,膳食中的甘氨酸能够限制饮食正常的人体内谷胱甘肽的合成。此外,多项动物研究报道,日粮中添加甘氨酸可以增加机体组织中谷胱甘肽的含量。甘氨酸是卟啉、嘌呤、肌酸、肌氨酸和胆汁盐生物合成的前体物质,是甘氨酸门控氯离子通道的激动剂和N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体的协同激动剂。它可抑制蛋白质糖化,提高丙酮酸盐(一种有效的过氧化氢清除剂)在肝脏中的合成。补充甘氨酸具有改善内皮功能、预防心脏肥大、辅助控制代谢综合征、预防糖尿病并发症、抑制炎症、保护肝脏和促进有效睡眠的潜力。因此,我们有必要进行临床研究以评估甘氨酸对谷胱甘肽水平和各种疾病的影响。 | 唐彩琰(译) 邵建忠(审) mark f.mccarty james h.o'keefe james j.dinicolantonio | 2018 | 国外畜牧学(猪与禽)2018，38，9： | 3 |
| 12 | Primary lymphoma of bone:correlation of magneitic resonance imaging features with cyto kine production by tumor cells显示文摘 | Hicks DG Gokan T O'Keefe RJ | | 0，，04： | 2 |
| 13 | Interstitial cells of Cajal and electrical activity in ganglionic and aganglionic colons of mice显示文摘 | Ward S M G ershon M D Keef K | 2002 | Am J Physiol2002，283，2： | 2 |
| 14 | Cancer chemotherapy-induced diarrhoea and constipation: mechanisms of damage and prevention strategies显示文摘 | Rachel J. Gibson Dorothy M. K. Keefe | 2006 | Supportive Care in Cancer2006，，9： | 2 |
| 15 | Ambivalence over emotional expression in patients with gastrointestinal cancer and their caregivers: Associations with patient pain and quality of life显示文摘 | Laura S. Porter Francis J. Keefe Isaac Lipkus Herbert Hurwitz | 2005 | Pain2005，，3： | 2 |
| 16 | The Importance of Fracture Pattern in Guiding Therapeutic Decision-Making in Patients with Hemorrhagic Shock and Pelvic Ring Disruptions显示文摘 | Brian J. Eastridge Adam Starr Joseph P. Minei Grant E. O’Keefe | 2002 | The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care2002，，3： | 2 |
| 17 | Paediatric retinal detachment:aetiology,characteristics and outcomes显示文摘AIM: To provide contemporary data on the aetiology, clinical features and outcomes of paediatric retinal detachment.METHODS: A retrospective review of all those under 16 y who underwent surgical repair for retinal detachment at a single centre between the years 2008 and 2015 inclusive was performed. In each case the cause of retinal detachment, the type of detachment, the presence or absence of macular involvement, the number and form of reparative surgeries undertaken, and the surgical outcome achieved was recorded.RESULTS: Twenty-eight eyes of 24 patients, 15(62.5%) of whom were male and 9(37.5%) of whom were female, their mean age being 11.6 y and range 2-16y developed retinal detachment over the eight year period studied. Trauma featured in the development of retinal detachment in 14(50.0%) cases. Retinal detachment was associated with other ocular and/or systemic conditions in 11(39.3%) cases. A mean of 3.0 procedures with a range of 1-9 procedures per patient were undertaken in the management of retinal detachment. Complex vitrectomy combined with scleral buckling or complex vitrectomy alone were those most frequently performed. Mean postoperative visual acuity was 1.2 log MAR with range 0.0-3.0 log MAR. In 22 of 26(84.6%) cases which underwent surgical repair the retina was attached at last follow-up.CONCLUSION: Aggressive management of paediatric retinal detachment including re-operation increases the likelihood of anatomical success. In cases where the retinal detachment can be repaired by an external approach alone there is a more favourable visual outcome. | Elizabeth McElnea Kirk Stephenson Sarah Gilmore Michael O'Keefe David Keegan | 2018 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2018，11，2： | 2 |
| 18 | Impacts and challenges of United States medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic显示文摘The delivery of medical student education has changed rapidly during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Students in their pre-clinical years have transitioned to online courses and examinations.Students in their clinical years are not permitted on clinical rotations,and face uncertainties in career exploration and the residency application process.Medical students in all stages of training are volunteering and helping their communities.The future presence of COVID-19 throughout the United States is unknown,and medical students are eager to return to their training.This paper outlines current challenges in medical student education and the various responses that have been adopted.We also discuss possible future directions for students through involvement in telemedicine,outpatient clinic visits,and non-respiratory inpatient care tasks as adequate personal protective equipment,COVID-19 testing,and resources become more widely available. | Stacey Rolak Alexis M Keefe Emily L Davidson Prabesh Aryal Sandesh Parajuli | 2020 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2020，8，15： | 2 |
| 19 | Visual Interactive Simulation-Histroy,Recent Developments and Major Issues显示文摘 | Robert M O'Keefe | 1987 | Simulation1987，49，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Comments on chemical relationships among Zhamanshinites,Australasian tektites and Henbury impact glass显示文摘 | O'KEEF J A | 1980 | Geochim Cosmochim Acta1980，44，： | 1 |
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