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| 1 | CD28/CTLA-4/B7 and CD40/CD40L costimulation and activation of regulatory T cells显示文摘Costimulatory signals are crucial for T cell activation. Attempts to block costimulatory pathways have been effective in preventing unwanted immune reactions. In particular, blocking the CD28/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen(CTLA)-4/B7 interaction(using CTLA-4Ig) and the CD40/CD40 L interaction(using anti-CD40 L antibodies) prevents T cell mediated autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection and graft vs host disease in experimental models. Moreover, CTLA-4Ig is in clinical use to treat rheumatoid arthritis(abatacept) and to prevent rejection of renal transplants(belatacept). Under certain experimental conditions, this treatment can even result in tolerance. Surprisingly, the underlying mechanisms of immune modulation are still not completely understood. We here discuss the evidence that costimulation blockade differentially affects effector T cells(Teff) and regulatory T cells(Treg). The latter are required to control inappropriate and unwanted immune responses, and their activity often contributes to tolerance induction and maintenance. Unfortunately, our knowledge on the costimulatory requirements of Treg cells is very limited. We therefore summarize the current understanding ofthe costimulatory requirements of Treg cells, and elaborate on the effect of anti-CD40 L antibody and CTLA-4Ig treatment on Treg cell activity. In this context, we point out that the outcome of a treatment aiming at blocking the CD28/CTLA-4/B7 costimulatory interaction can vary with dosing, timing and underlying immunopathology. | Isabel T Vogel Stefaan W Van Gool Jan L Ceuppens | 2014 | World Journal of Immunology2014，4，2： | 3 |
| 2 | Drugs Associated with Hepatotoxicity and their Reporting Frequency of Liver Adverse Events in VigiBase(TM)显示文摘 | Suzuki Ayako Andrade Raul J Bjornsson Einar Lucena M Isabel Lee William M Yuen Nancy A Hunt Christine M Freston James W | 2010 | Drug Safety2010，，6： | 2 |
| 3 | Interaction between valproate andmeropenem:a retrospective study显示文摘 | Isabel S Jo G Alexander W | 2007 | The Anal of Pharmacocherapy2007，41，7： | 1 |
| 4 | Association of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 gene single nucleotide polymorphism with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Madurai population of Southern India显示文摘 | Philip B Isabel W | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 5 | Prevalence of Salmonella on Raw Poultry at Retail Markets in China显示文摘 | Yang Baowei Xi Meili Wang Xin Cui Shenghui Yue Tianli Hao Hongshan Wang Yin Cui Yue Alali W Q Meng Jianghong Walls Isabel Wong D M Lo Fo Doyle M P | 2011 | Journal of Food Protection2011，，10： | 1 |
| 6 | Determination of a wide range of volatile organic compounds in ambient air using multisorbent adsorption/thermal desorption and gas chromatography mass spectrometry显示文摘 | Pankow J F Luo W T Isabelle L M | 1998 | Analytical Chemistry1998，70，24： | 1 |
| 7 | Lead zirconate titanate stable stock solution: characterization and applications 显示文摘 | AIYING W ISABEL M MIRANDA S | 2000 | J Sol-gel S~i Technol2000，19，： | 1 |
| 8 | Clustering of metabolic syndrome risk factors and arterial stiffness in young adults: the Northern Ireland Young Hearts Project 显示文摘 | Isabel F Colin A Jos W | 2007 | Journal of Hypertension2007，25，： | 1 |
| 9 | A knowledge-based system for auditing computer and management information systems显示文摘 | Jacky A Isabelle C W | 1996 | Expert Systems with Applications1996，11，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Gene selection for cancer classification using support vector machines显示文摘 | Isabelle G Jason W Stephen B | 2002 | Machine Learning2002，46，1： | 1 |
| 11 | A pilot study 显示文摘 | Sandhya B Thomas S Isabel W et aL Ethnomedicinal plants used by the Valaiyan community of Piranmalai Hills (Reserved Forest) Tamil Nadu India | 2006 | Afr J Tradit Com- plementAltern Med2006，3，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Oral combination therapy with a nucleoside polymerase inhibitor (RG7128) and danoprevir for chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 infection (INFORM-1): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation trial显示文摘 | Edward J Gane Stuart K Roberts Catherine AM Stedman Peter W Angus Brett Ritchie Rob Elston David Ipe Peter N Morcos Linda Baher Isabel Najera Tom Chu Uri Lopatin M Michelle Berrey William Bradford Mark Laughlin Nancy S Shulman Patrick F Smith | 2010 | The Lancet2010，，9751： | 1 |
| 13 | Statistical analysis and spectral estimation techniques for one-dimensional chaotic signals显示文摘 | ISABELLE S H WORNELL G W | 1997 | IEEE Transactions on Signal Process1997，45，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Signal processing in the context of chaotic signals显示文摘 | womell C W Isabelle S H | 1992 | Proc IEEE ICASSP1992，，： | 1 |
| 15 | The receptor kinases LePRK1 and LePRK2 associate in pollen and when expressed in yeast,but dissociate in the presence of style extract显示文摘 | DIEGO W ISABEL V LAURA C M | 2003 | PNAS2003，100，： | 1 |
| 16 | Growth hormone and prolactin-molecular and functional evolution显示文摘 | Isabel A F Michael W | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 17 | Gene selec- tion for cancer classification using support vector machines 显示文摘 | ISABELLE G JASON W STEPHEN B | 2002 | Machine learning2002，46，： | 1 |
| 18 | Biochar: A Synthesis of Its Agronomic Impact beyond Carbon Sequestration显示文摘 | Spokas Kurt A Cantrell Keri B M Novak Jeffrey Archer David W Ippolito James A Collins Harold P Boateng Akwasi A Lima Isabel M Lamb Marshall C McAloon Andrew J Lentz Rodrick D Nichols Kristine A | 2012 | Journal of Environmental Quality2012，，4： | 1 |
| 19 | A novel ther- moreversible gelling product made by enzymatic modifica- tion of starch显示文摘 | Marc J E C Isabelle C Euverink G W | 2005 | Starch2005，57，： | 1 |
| 20 | Extracting generaliza- tion hierarchies from relational databases:A reverse engi- neering approach 显示文摘 | Nadira L Isabelle C W Jacky A | 2007 | Data & Knowledge Engineering2007，635，： | 1 |
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