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| 1 | Comment on 'On linking climate to Chinese dynastic change:Spatial and temporal variations of monsoonal rain'显示文摘An article by Zhang et al. questions the interpretation of our oxygen isotope record from Wanxiang Cave and the sediment titanium record from Lake Huguang Maar,and the possible linkage between climate change and Chinese culture. In response,we explain that their approach lacks logical rigor and their major argument is broadly consistent with,rather than contradictory to our original conclusions. We also note that climate-culture relationships similar to those that we observe in China have been observed for other cultures around the world. | CHENG Hai EDWARDS R Lawrence HAUG Gerald H | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，32： | 10 |
| 2 | 创伤后深静脉血栓的预防机械预防和药物预防的前瞻性、随机性比较显示文摘背景:骨创伤后的深静脉血栓是十分重要的问题,但相关研究甚少。本研究的目的是评估两种不同方法对预防钝性创伤后深静脉血栓和肺栓塞的有效性。
方法:共有224例住院患者参与此项预防创伤后静脉血栓形成的前瞻性随机性研究。200例患者最终完成研究,比较两种不同的预防方案。A组患者在钝性创伤后24-48h内使用依诺肝素(30mg,皮下,每天两次)。B组患者在人院后使用脉冲式足泵并延迟使用依诺肝素。所有患者在出院前均行静脉核磁共振和超声检查。
结果:A组共97例患者,B组共103例患者。22例患者(A组13人,B组9人)有深静脉血栓形成,其中A组2例还发生了肺栓塞。本组深静脉血栓的发生率为11%,A组13.4%,B组8.7%;A组和B组之间的差异无统计学意义。A组出现大的或闭塞性血栓共11例(发生率11.3%),B组仅3例(发生率2.9%)(p=0.025)。A组肺栓塞的发生率为2.1%,B组为0。A组有21例患者出现伤口并发症,B组为20例。住院期间发生深静脉血栓的患者人均用血7.4单位,无深静脉血栓的患者人均用血3.9单位(p〈0.05)。
结论:结果显示严重的肌肉骨骼创伤后,早期使用机械预防(足泵)并延迟使用依诺肝素对预防深静脉血栓是相当有效的。比较两组患者,B组患者大的或闭塞性血栓的发生率明显低于A组患者。
可信水平:治疗性研究,Ⅰ级。详细的可信水平描述参见作者须知。 | JAMES P. STANNARD ROBERT R. LOPEZ-BEN DAVID A. VOLGAS EDWARD R. ANDERSON MATT BUSBEE DONNA K. KARR GERALD R. McGWIN JR. JORGE E. ALONSO 罗从风(译) 费起礼(校) | 2006 | 骨科动态2006，2，3： | 2 |
| 3 | Polymorphisms in salivary-gland transcripts of Russian wheat aphid biotypes 1 and 2显示文摘提炼俄语的小麦蚜虫(RWA ) , Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko )(Homoptera:Aphididae ) ,是小谷物的一个主要害虫。就象喂植物的蚜虫一般来说,在 RWA 和主人植物之间的相互作用被管理在昆虫方面上,由在口水的蛋白质和酶。在这个工作,我们在编码 RWA 唾液的腺的蛋白质和酶的抄本检验了顺序变化。我们在 1 和 2 份使用的教材从豌豆蚜虫 orthologs 导出的 RWA 遗传因子型进行了反向的抄写聚合酶链反应,并且克隆 17 个通常认为的唾液的腺抄本的区域。为四个抄本,我们没在在二遗传因子型之间的序列观察差别。为另外的 13 个抄本,例如编码蔗糖酶, trehalase 和蛋白质 C002 的抄本,在每遗传因子型以内并且在二遗传因子型之间,大量变化被观察。通常,二遗传因子型分享了仅仅一变体,它典型地是在两遗传因子型的最普通的变体。大多数抄本比同义的 codon 在他们的变体之中变化的有非同义的更多。我们的结果为区分二遗传因子型和卓见进他们的进化提供可能的分子的标记。 | Feng Cui Michael Smith John Reese Owain Edwards Gerald Reeck | 2012 | Insect Science2012，19，4： | 2 |
| 4 | Studies on the anti-asthmatic and antitussive properties of aqueous leaf extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum in rodent species显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the antiasthmatic and antitussive properties of the aqueous leaf extract of Bryophyilum pinnatum {B.pinnatum)(BP) Lam.Methods:Ovalbiunin-sensilized guinea pigs which were treated with BP for 21 consecutive days were exposed to 0.2%histamine aerosol in a glass chamber.Mucus viscosity,white blood cell and lymphocyte counts and tracheal wall morphometry were measured.Bouts of cough were counted pre and post acute exposure of extract-treated(X7 d) guinea pigs to 7.5%citric acid aerosol in a chamber.Phenol red expectoration was estimated in mice after 7 d of daily administration of BP.Results:Doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg/day(×21 d) BP significantly increased the time for guinea pigs to experience preconvulsive dyspnoea.BP and salbutamol(0.5 mg/kg/day×21 d) reduced mucus viscosity in the sensitized group to values comparable with controls.White blood cell,lymphocyte counts and tracheal morphometry were not significantly altered.Both doses of BP also significantly reduced the bouts of cough but only 400 mg/kg/day significantly inhibited the amount of phenol red secreted.Conclusions:BP has demonstrated antiasthmatic and antitussive properties in these rodent models.These properties may underscore its use in Nigerian ethnomedicine. | Edward O Salami Raymond I Ozolua Stephen O Okpo Gerald I Eze Dickson O Uwaya | 2013 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2013，6，6： | 2 |
| 5 | Photosynthesis,Metabolite Composition and Anatomical Structure of Oryza sativa and Two Wild Relatives,O.grandiglumis and O.alta显示文摘Photosynthesis, enzyme activities and metabolite pools associated with primary carbon metabolism in leaves were studied in O. grandiglumis and O. alta(wild relatives of rice which produce high biomass) versus O. sativa(a japonica cultivar and a indica-japonica hybrid) to assess their potential for identifying traits which might be utilized to enhance rice productivity. The wild relatives had higher rates of photosynthesis on a fresh weight basis, and higher water use efficiency than the O. sativa lines. There were no striking differences in activities of a number of key enzymes in carbon and nitrogen metabolism between the wild relatives and cultivated rice lines. Along with higher rates of photosynthesis on a fresh weight basis, the leaves of the two wild species had higher nitrate content, higher levels of starch, glucose and fructose, and higher levels of organic acids(malate, succinate and acetate), compared to the O. sativa lines. The results suggested that O. grandiglumis and O. alta have differences in physiology and primary metabolism which might be exploited to improve growth and productivity of cultivated rice. | Jwakyung SUNG Suyeon LEE Jong-Wook CHUNG Gerald EDWARDS Hojin RYU Taewan KIM | 2017 | Rice science2017，24，4： | 2 |
| 6 | A Reporting System on Patients Evaluated for Coronary Artery Disease显示文摘 | W. GERALD AUSTEN JESSE E. EDWARDS ROBERT L. FRYE GOFFREDO G. GENSINI VINCENT L. GOTT LAWRENCE S. C. GRIFFITH DWIGHT C. MCGOON MARVIN L. MURPHY BENSON B. ROE | 1975 | Circulation1975，，4： | 2 |
| 7 | A Prospective Study of Common Bile Duct Calculi in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Natural History of Choledocholithiasis Revisited显示文摘 | Chris Collins Donal Maguire Adrian Ireland Edward Fitzgerald Gerald C. O'Sullivan | 2004 | Annals of Surgery2004，，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Occurrence of C3 and C4 photosynthesis in cotyledons and leaves of Salsola species (Chenopodiaceae)显示文摘 | Vladimir I. Pyankov Elena V. Voznesenskaya Alexander N. Kuz’min Maurice S. B. Ku Eric Ganko Vincent R. Franceschi Clanton C. Black Gerald E. Edwards | 2000 | Photosynthesis Research2000，，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Efficacy of atrial antitachycardia pacing using the Medtronic AT500 pacemaker in patients with congenital heart disease显示文摘 | Elizabeth A. Stephenson David Casavant Joann Tuzi Mark E. Alexander Ian Law Gerald Serwer Margaret Strieper Edward P. Walsh Charles I. Berul | 2003 | The American Journal of Cardiology2003，，7： | 1 |
| 10 | Evaluation of Cervical Spine in Intensive Care Patients following Blunt Trauma显示文摘 | Roxie M. Albrecht Darra Kingsley Carol R. Schermer Gerald B. Demarest Edward C. Benzel Blaine L. Hart | 2001 | World Journal of Surgery2001，，8： | 1 |
| 11 | Endocrine disrupting chemicals in fish: Developing exposure indicators and predictive models of effects based on mechanism of action显示文摘 | Gerald T. Ankley David C. Bencic Michael S. Breen Timothy W. Collette Rory B. Conolly Nancy D. Denslow Stephen W. Edwards Drew R. Ekman Natalia Garcia-Reyero Kathleen M. Jensen James M. Lazorchak Dalma Martinovi? David H. Miller Edward J. Perkins Edward F | 2009 | Aquatic Toxicology2009，，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Influence of ascorbate and the Mehler peroxidase reaction on non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence in maize mesophyll chloroplasts显示文摘 | Boris Ivanov Gerald Edwards | 2000 | Planta2000，，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Light dependence of quantum yields of Photosystem II and CO2 fixation in C3 and C4 plants显示文摘 | Walter Oberhuber Zi-Yu Dai Gerald E. Edwards | 1993 | Photosynthesis Research1993，，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Analysis of inhibition of photosynthesis due to water stress in the C3 species Hordeum vulgare and Vicia faba: Electron transport, CO2 fixation and carboxylation capacity显示文摘 | Archana Lal M. S. B. Ku Gerald E. Edwards | 1996 | Photosynthesis Research1996，，1： | 1 |
| 15 | CEACAM6 Is a Novel Biomarker in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma and PanIN Lesions显示文摘 | Mark S. Duxbury Evan Matros Thomas Clancy Gerald Bailey Michael Doff Michael J. Zinner Stanley W. Ashley Anirban Maitra Mark Redston Edward E. Whang | 2005 | Annals of Surgery2005，，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Comparison of Cranial Facet Joint Violation Rates Between Open and Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Placement Using Intraoperative 3-D CT (O-arm) Computer Navigation显示文摘 | Sharon C. Yson Jonathan N. Sembrano Peter C. Sanders Edward Rainier G. Santos Charles Gerald T. Ledonio David W. Polly | 2013 | Spine2013，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Analysis of inhibition of photosynthesis due to water stress in the C3 species Hordeum vulgare and Vicia faba: Electron transport, CO2 fixation and carboxylation capacity显示文摘 | Archana Lal M. S. B. Ku Gerald E. Edwards | 1996 | Photosynthesis Research1996，，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Analysis of inhibition of photosynthesis due to water stress in the C3 species Hordeum vulgare and Vicia faba: Electron transport, CO2 fixation and carboxylation capacity显示文摘 | Archana Lal M. S. B. Ku Gerald E. Edwards | 1996 | Photosynthesis Research1996，，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Symptomatic and Clinical Improvement in Morbidly Obese Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Following Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass显示文摘 | Sherman C Smith MD Charles B Edwards MD Gerald N Goodman MD | 1997 | Obesity Surgery1997，，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Hippocampal RAGE immunoreactivity in early and advanced Alzheimer’s disease显示文摘 | Miles C. Miller Rosemarie Tavares Conrad E. Johanson Virginia Hovanesian John E. Donahue Liliana Gonzalez Gerald D. Silverberg Edward G. Stopa | 2008 | Brain Research2008，，： | 1 |
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