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| 1 | ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling: genetics, genomics and mechanisms显示文摘用 ATP 水解作用的精力调整染色质结构的 Macromolecular 集会在开发,癌症,和干细胞生物学有关键角色。这个家庭的 ATPases 被 27 人的基因编码并且通常与稳定的几另外的蛋白质被联系,非可交换的子单元。这些建筑群使用的一基本机制被认为是 nucleosomes 的运动或交换调整抄写。然而,最近的基因研究显示染色质 remodelers 可以也涉及在许多细胞的过程期间调整染色质结构的另外的方面。SWI/SNF 家庭特别地看起来在子单元作文和与多细胞体和连接 histones 的外观的进化来临重合的机制经历了一个实质的变化。哺乳动物的 BAF 子单元的这更大的差异的微分用法为特定的房间命运的发展是必要的,包括到到承诺的神经原的 multipotency 的从 pluripotency 的前进。最近的人的基因屏幕表明了 BRG1, ARID1A, BAF155,和 hSNF5 经常在肿瘤被变异,显示 BAF 建筑群也起在癌症的开始或前进的一个关键作用。在开发和癌症为 BAF 和另外的染色质 remodelers 位于基因要求下面的机械学的库是相对未经勘探的并且将是这评论的一个焦点。 | Diana C Hargreaves Gerald R Crabtree | 2011 | Cell Research2011，21，3： | 51 |
| 2 | 档案边缘显示文摘为了适应社会结构的变化、文件数量剧增、信息缺失、文件易逝和技术进步,档案工作者应改变旧观念,投入智力资源,进行合作,积极主动地参与文件鉴定和档案接收,使档案工作不再是随着编史工作风气变化的“风向标”,档案不再只反映狭隘的研究兴趣(即原来的工作“中心”),而能真正反映人类生活的方方面面(即“边缘”)。这篇文章孕育了后保管模式的思想,六年后作者首次提出后保管概念。 | F·Gerald·Ham | 1999 | 山西档案1999，0，1： | 42 |
| 3 | Bowel preparation quality scales for colonoscopy显示文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the third most common cancer and second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Colonoscopy is widely preferred for CRC screening and is the most commonly used method in the United States. Adequate bowel preparation is essential for successful colonoscopy CRC screening. However, up to one-quarter of colonoscopies are associated with inadequate bowel preparation, which may result in reduced polyp and adenoma detection rates, unsuccessful screens, and an increased likelihood of repeat procedure. In addition, standardized criteria and assessment scales for bowel preparation quality are lacking. While several bowel preparation quality scales are referred to in the literature, these differ greatly in grading methodology and categorization criteria. Published reliability and validity data are available for five bowel preparation quality assessment scales, which vary in several key attributes. However, clinicians and researchers continue to use a variety of bowel preparation quality measures, including nonvalidated scales, leading to potential confusion and difficulty when comparing quality results among clinicians and across clinical trials. Optimal clinical criteria for bowel preparation quality remain controversial. The use of validated bowel preparation quality scales with stringent but simple scoring criteria would help clarify clinical trial data as well as the performance of colonoscopy in clinical practice related to quality measurements. | David Kastenberg Gerald Bertiger Stuart Brogadir | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，26： | 38 |
| 4 | Evaluation of acoustic radiation force impulse imaging for determination of liver stiffness using transient elastography as a reference显示文摘AIM: To evaluate cut-off values and performance of acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI) using transient elastography [FibroScan■ (FS)] as a reference. METHODS: Six hundred and six patients were enrolled in this study.All patients underwent liver stiffness measurement with FS (FS-LS) and ARFI (with shear wave velocity quantification; ARFI-SWV) and the performance of ARFI in comparison to FS was determined. Sixtyeight patients underwent liver biopsy. RESULTS: Significantly higher success rates for the determination of liver stiffness were found using ARFI as compared to FS [604/606 (99.7%) vs 482/606 (79.5%); P < 0.001]. ARFI-SWV correlated significantly with FS-LS (r = 0.920, P < 0.001). ARFI-SWV increased significantly with the stage of fibrosis (1.09 ± 0.13 m/s for patients with no significant fibrosis (FS-LS < 7.6 kPa); 1.46 ± 0.27 m/s for patients with significant liver fibrosis (7.6 < FS-LS ≤ 13.0 kPa); and 2.55 ± 0.77 m/s for patients with liver cirrhosis (FS-LS > 13.0 kPa)). ARFI-SWV cut-off values were identified for no significant fibrosis (1.29 m/s; sensitivity 91.4% and specificity 92.6%) and for liver cirrhosis (1.60 m/s; sensitivity 92.3% and specificity 96.5%). The optimal cut-off value for predicting liver fibrosis (F ≥ 2) was 1.32 m/s (sensitivity 87.0% and specificity 80.0%) and for liver cirrhosis (F4) 1.62 m/s (sensitivity 100% and specificity 85.7%), for patients who underwent liver biopsy. An excellent inter-and intraobserver reproducibility was observed for ARFI-SWV determinations. CONCLUSION: An ARFI-SWV cut-off value of 1.29 m/s seems to be optimal for patients with no significant liver fibrosis and 1.60 m/s for patients with liver cirrhosis. | Gerald Kircheis Abdurrahman Sagir Christoph Vogt Stephan vom Dahl Ralf Kubitz Dieter Hussinger | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，10： | 30 |
| 5 | The willow genome and divergent evolution from poplar after the common genome duplication显示文摘 | Xiaogang Dai Quanjun Hu Qingle Cai Kai Feng Ning Ye Gerald A Tuskan Richard Milne Yingnan Chen Zhibing Wan Zefu Wang Wenchun Luo Kun Wang Dongshi Wan Mingxiu Wang Jun Wang Jianquan Liu Tongming Yin | 2014 | Cell Research2014，24，10： | 28 |
| 6 | History of the infantile hepatic hemangioma:From imaging to generating a differential diagnosis显示文摘We aim to provide an up-to-date summary of infantile hepatic hemangioma(IHH) and its misnomers and to dialectically present the differential diagnosis of these rare entities of the liver.Eligible peer-reviewed articles on hepatic infantile hemangiomas,published between 2000 and 2015,were reviewed for this study.IHH is the most common hepatic vascular tumor in children.Once a liver mass is identified in an infant,the differential diagnosis ranges from vascular malformations to benign and malignant tumors including mesenchymal hamartoma,hepatoblastoma,metastatic neuroblastoma,so careful physical examination,imaging studies,and,if indicated,tumor markers and biopsy,are of pivotal importance to ascertain the correct diagnosis.Despite the benign nature of IHHs,some of these lesions may demand medical and/or surgical intervention,especially for multiple and diffuse IHH.Complications can include hepatomegaly,hypothyroidism and cardiac failure.Therefore,a close follow-up is required until complete involution of the lesions.We propose an algorithm to guide the physicians towards the proper management of hepatic lesions. | Maria Gnarra Gerald Behr Alison Kitajewski June K Wu Sudha A Anupindi Carrie J Shawber Nick Zavras Dimitrios Schizas Chris Salakos Konstantinos P Economopoulos | 2016 | World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics2016，5，3： | 27 |
| 7 | 高光谱最优波长选择及Fisher判别分析法判别玉米颗粒表面黄曲霉毒素显示文摘黄曲霉毒素是广泛存在于玉米中且具有剧毒的一种代谢产物,以美国农业部农业研究署(USDA-ARS) Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit提供的2010年先锋玉米为研究对象,验证了高光谱成像技术对玉米中黄曲霉毒素检测的可行性。以甲醇为溶剂制备四种不同浓度的黄曲霉毒素溶液,并将其逐一滴在等量的4组共120粒玉米颗粒表面,以未处理的30粒洁净玉米作为一组对照样本,将大小、形状相似的150个样品随机分为训练集103个,验证集47个;对获取的400~1000 nm波段范围内的高光谱图像,先进行标准正态变量变换(standard normal variate transformation ,SNV)预处理,然后引入基于 Fisher判别最小误判率的方法选择最优波长,并以所选波长作为Fisher判别分析法的输入建立判别模型,对玉米颗粒表面不同浓度的黄曲霉毒素进行识别,最后对模型判别正确率进行了验证。结果表明,选取四个最优波长(812.42,873.00,900.36和965.00 nm )时Fisher判别分析模型对训练集与验证集的准确率分别为87.4%和80.9%。该方法为含黄曲霉毒素玉米颗粒便携式检测仪器的开发,以及对田间霉变玉米自然代谢产生毒素的检测奠定了技术基础。 | 褚璇 王伟 张录达 郭浪花 Peggy Feldner Gerald Heitschmidt | 2014 | 光谱学与光谱分析2014，34，7： | 22 |
| 8 | 泥炭栽培基质是欧洲可持续园艺业的前提显示文摘过去被当作废物的泥炭今天成为最有前途的栽培基质。在欧洲和其它现代园艺业盛行的国家里,以泥炭为主要成分的栽培基质广泛应用于各种作物栽培。栽培基质作为标准生产资料,和设施农业中计算机自动施肥、小气候控制和杀灭病虫害一样,在实现现代园艺业可持续发展中起着重要的作用。一些欧洲国家已经制定了泥炭栽培基质的国家质量标准,一些公司还制定了自己的企业标准,也有一些公司执行ISO条款。这些产品都在向着CEN标准迈进,并将成为欧洲产品标准。在一些地区和国家,以生活废弃物、工业副产品制成的栽培基质在不断地推向市场的同时,新的标准也在不断地制定。最近起草的一个鼓励利用堆肥的法令中,其中一项就是关于减少泥炭利用的。泥炭业界必须意识到这些发展变化与资源安全息息相关,必须意识到其它替代材料的有利和不利的一面,意识到它们物理、化学、生物性质以及对社会政治和自然环境的利弊影响。 | Gerald Schmeilewski Hartmut Falkenberg 刘永和 | 2002 | 腐植酸2002，，4： | 23 |
| 9 | 农户参加新型农村合作医疗项目的影响因素分析显示文摘本文以农户参与新型农村合作医疗项目的决策行为为例,探讨农户大病风险处理行为及参加新农合的影响因素。本文分析认为,农户比较购买医疗保险和自我保险的预期效用来决定是否参加'新农合';农户比较正规和非正规医疗保障成本高低实现净收益最大化。农户参与'新农合'的决策受到资源禀赋、疾病风险特征和'新农合'制度环境因素的影响。本文最后提出了相关政策建议。 | 陈玉萍 李哲 Henry Lucas Gerald Bloom 丁士军 | 2010 | 中国软科学2010，，6： | 21 |
| 10 | 亚太地区胃食管反流病的处理共识:更新版显示文摘背景与目的:自从2004年亚太地区胃食管反流病(GERD)共识发表以来,更多关于GERD流行病学和处理的文献资料相继出现。有必要对这些资料进行循证综述,对共识作出更新。方法:由多学科专家组应用德尔菲(Delphi)法制定共识条文,提呈相关资料,并对证据质量、推荐力度和共识水平进行分级。结果:亚洲GERD发生率日益增加。其危险因素包括老年、男性、种族、家族史、社会经济地位高、体重指数增加和吸烟。对于有典型症状而无报警症状的患者,对质子泵抑制剂(PPI)试验有症状应答具有诊断意义。如PPI试验失败,停止治疗后pH监测结果阴性可排除GERD。窄带成像、胶囊内镜检查和无线pH监测的作用尚未明确。亚洲诊断策略的制定须考虑到并存的胃癌和消化性溃疡。减轻体质量和抬高床头可改善反流症状。PPIs是最有效的内科治疗手段。对于非糜烂性反流病(NERD)患者,按需治疗较为适宜。有慢性咳嗽、喉炎和典型GERD症状的患者在排除非GERD病因后,应予PPI每天两次治疗。如有经验丰富的外科医师,GERD患者可行胃底折叠术。除临床试验外,GERD不应采用内镜治疗。结论:新的诊断方法和内镜治疗的作用有待进一步研究阐明。亚洲GERD诊断策略的制定须考虑到并存的胃癌和消化性溃疡。PPIs仍为治疗的基石。 | Kwong Ming Fock Nicholas J Talley Ronnie Fass Khean Lee Goh Peter Katelaris Richard Hunt Michio Hongo Tiing Leong Ang Gerald Holtmann Sanjay Nandurkar San Ren Lin Benjamin CY Wong Francis KL Chan Abdul Aziz Rani Young-Tae Bak Jose Sollano Khek Yu Ho Sathoporn Manatsathit 钱本余 | 2008 | 胃肠病学2008，13，7： | 21 |
| 11 | 扩展的节点电价算法研究显示文摘首先回顾了最优潮流与安全约束经济调度问题,重点讨论了节点边际电价算法原理。着重分析了在非凸性条件下,基于安全约束机组组合与经济调度算法产生的节点边际电价机制存在的缺陷,阐述了如何利用扩展的节点边际电价机制,减少额外支付成本,促进实现激励相容的定价机制。然后,利用对偶原理,对于典型定价机制,即:Convex Hull Price、节点边际电价、整数松弛定价,产生的额外支付成本给出了严格的理论证明,并从几何角度说明其物理意义。最后,实现了混合整数规划与拉格朗日松弛2种机组组合优化算法。算例结果表明文中提出的节点边际电价与整数松弛定价的额外支付成本与Convex Hull Price最小额外支付成本之间关系原理的正确性。激励相容定价机制的研究将促进分布式可再生能源并网,从而推动电力系统向清洁、高效和智能的目标转型与升级。 | 王宣元 高峰 康重庆 黎灿兵 刘乾 韩颖慧 Chien-Ning Yu Le Xie Gerald Sheble 宋永华 | 2019 | 电网技术2019，0，10： | 20 |
| 12 | Role of traditional Chinese medicine in the management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Traditional Chinese Medicines(TCMs) have been employed for centuries in the treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Previous reviews of this topic have focused on certain aspects of TCM treatment rather than an overall assessment of their value and mechanisms of action. Both the Chinese and English medical literatures were reviewed to identify where TCM might be of value in the treatment of HCC and the justification for such treatment. TCM treatment corrects the 'internal disequilibriums' thought to be responsible for the development, growth, and spread of the tumor. It has also been used to manage symptoms associated with HCC and the adverse effects of chemo-and radiation-therapies. Recent research has documented the precise effects of TCM on tumor biology. There are also increasing efforts to identify which of the many components of TCM herbal remedies are primarily responsible for these beneficial effects. This review outlines the benefits of TCM treatment of HCC and the laboratory data describing their anti-tumor properties. | Sheng-Yan Xi Gerald Yosel Minuk | 2018 | World Journal of Hepatology2018，10，11： | 20 |
| 13 | 美国人眼中21世纪的中国医学教育显示文摘 | Gerald S Lazarus Audrey F Jakubowski | 2001 | 中华医学杂志2001，81，15： | 16 |
| 14 | 差别指数用于居民健康公平性评价显示文摘文章应用健康差别指数 ,从年龄、性别、就业状态、家庭类别和医疗保健制度几个方面 ,对健康公平性进行了分析。发现不同年龄、就业状态、医疗保健制度人群健康状况差别较大 ,男、女性健康差别最小 ,不同类别单位家庭健康公平性南通高于淄博。建议关注老年人群的健康需要 ,完善社会保障体制改革 ,提高医疗保健制度覆盖率 。 | 陈家应 严非 舒宝刚 龚幼龙 张兵 Gerald Bloom | 2001 | 中国卫生资源2001，4，4： | 15 |
| 15 | Diabetic cardiomyopathy: Pathophysiology, theories and evidence to date显示文摘The prevalence of type 2 diabetes(T2D)has increased worldwide and doubled over the last two decades.It features among the top 10 causes of mortality and morbidity in the world.Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of complications in diabetes and within this,heart failure has been shown to be the leading cause of emergency admissions in the United Kingdom.There are many hypotheses and well-evidenced mechanisms by which diabetic cardiomyopathy as an entity develops.This review aims to give an overview of these mechanisms,with particular emphasis on metabolic inflexibility.T2D is associated with inefficient substrate utilisation,an inability to increase glucose metabolism and dependence on fatty acid oxidation within the diabetic heart resulting in mitochondrial uncoupling,glucotoxicity,lipotoxicity and initially subclinical cardiac dysfunction and finally in overt heart failure.The review also gives a concise update on developments within clinical imaging,specifically cardiac magnetic resonance studies to characterise and phenotype early cardiac dysfunction in T2D.A better understanding of the pathophysiology involved provides a platform for targeted therapy in diabetes to prevent the development of early heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. | Lavanya Athithan Gaurav S Gulsin Gerald P McCann Eylem Levelt | 2019 | World Journal of Diabetes2019，10，10： | 15 |
| 16 | 铝合金表面等离子喷涂Al2O3-3%TiO2复合涂层工艺参数优化的研究显示文摘目的通过优化等离子喷涂工艺参数,提高铝合金表面等离子喷涂Al2O3-3%TiO2复合陶瓷涂层的结合强度和涂层表截面硬度。方法用正交试验法,对影响喷涂涂层结合强度和硬度的4个关键喷涂参数进行优化,分别得到喷涂粘结底层Ni-5Al和工作表层Al2O3-3%TiO2的最佳优化参数。结果通过正交试验确定影响Ni-5Al涂层综合指标的因素由主到次是喷涂电流、喷涂距离、辅气流量、主气流量,最优水平数为2、3、2、1;影响Al2O3-3%Ti O2涂层综合指标的因素由主到次是喷距、辅气流量、电流、主气流量,最优水平数为2、3、2、1。Ni-5Al涂层的最佳喷涂工艺参数为:喷涂距离120 mm,喷涂电流520 A,主气流量42 L/min,辅气流量7.5 L/min。Al2O3-3%TiO2复合涂层最佳喷涂工艺参数为:喷涂距离90 mm,喷涂电流530 A,主气流量46 L/min,辅气流量7.8 L/min。最佳工艺下制备的Ni-5Al底层与基体的结合强度为25.2 MPa,Al2O3-3%TiO2复合涂层与Ni-5Al底层的结合强度为17.8 MPa,且其截面硬度在1000HV0.5以上。结论对喷涂工艺参数进行优化可以得到质量高且稳定的Al2O3-3%Ti O2复合喷涂涂层,与非最佳工艺参数喷涂涂层相比,各指标均有较大提高。 | 吴艳鹏 魏剑辉 李文戈 赵远涛 顾彩香 尹莉 Odhiambo J. Gerald | 2019 | 表面技术2019，48，6： | 13 |
| 17 | Curcumin and Apigenin – novel and promising therapeutics against chronic neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease显示文摘Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by deposition of amyloid beta, neurofibrillary tangles, astrogliosis and microgliosis, leading to neuronal dysfunction and loss in the brain. Current treatments for Alzheimer's disease primarily focus on enhancement of cholinergic transmission. However, these treatments are only symptomatic, and no disease-modifying drug is available for Alzheimer's disease patients. This review will provide an overview of the proven antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-amyloidogenic, neuroprotective, and cognition-enhancing effects of curcumin and apigenin and discuss the potential of these compounds for Alzheimer's disease prevention and treatment. We suggest that these compounds might delay the onset of Alzheimer's disease or slow down its progression, and they should enter clinical trials as soon as possible. | Madhuri Venigalla Erika Gyengesi Gerald Münch | 2015 | Neural Regeneration Research2015，10，8： | 11 |
| 18 | Role of polyethylene particles in peri-prosthetic osteolysis:A review显示文摘There is convincing evidence that particles produced by the wear of joint prostheses are causal in the periprosthetic loss of bone,or osteolysis,which,if it progresses,leads to the phenomenon of aseptic loosening.It is important to fully understand the biology of this bone loss because it threatens prosthesis survival,and loosened implants can result in peri-prosthetic fracture,which is disastrous for the patient and presents a difficult surgical scenario.The focus of this review is the bioactivity of polyethylene(PE)particles,since there is evidence that these are major players in the development and progression of osteolysis around prostheses which use PE as the bearing surface.The review describes the biological consequences of interaction of PE particles with macrophages,osteoclasts and cells of the osteoblast lineage,including osteocytes.It explores the possible cellular mechanisms of action of PE and seeks to use the findings to date to propose potential nonsurgical treatments for osteolysis.In particular,a nonsurgical approach is likely to be applicable to implants containing newer,highly cross-linked PEs(HXLPEs),for which osteolysis seems to occur with much reduced PE wear compared with conventional PEs.The caveat here is that we know little as yet about the bioactivity of HXLPE particles and addressing this constitutes our next challenge. | Gerald J Atkins David R Haynes Donald W Howie David M Findlay | 2011 | World Journal of Orthopedics2011，2，10： | 11 |
| 19 | Integration of hepatitis B virus DNA into chromosomal DNA during acute hepatitis B显示文摘AIM: To examine the serum from black African patients with acute hepatitis B to ascertain if integrants of viral DNA can be detected in fragments of cellular DNA leaking from damaged hepatocytes into the circulation.METHODS: DNA was extracted from the sera of five patients with uncomplicated acute hepatitis B and one with fulminant disease. Two subgenomic PCRs designed to amplify the complete genome of HBV were used and the resulting amplicons were cloned and sequenced.RESULTS: HBV and chromosomal DNA were amplified from the sera of all the patients. In one patient with uncomplicated disease, HBV DNA was integrated into host chromosome 7 q11.23 in the WBSCR1 gene. The viral DNA comprised 200 nucleotides covering the S and X genes in opposite orientation, with a 1 169 nudeotide deletion. The right virus/host junction was situated at nucleotide 1774 in the cohesive overlap region of the viral genome, at a preferred topoisomerase I cleavage motif. The chromosomal DNA was not rearranged.The patient made a full recovery and seroconverted to anti-HBs- and anti-HBe-positivity. Neither HBV nor chromosomal DNA could be amplified from his serum at that time.CONCLUSION: Integration of viral DNA into chromosomal DNA may occur rarely during acute hepatitis B and, with clonal propagation of the integrant, might play a role in hepatocarcinogenesis. | Gerald C Kimbi Anna Kramvis Michael C Kew | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，41： | 11 |
| 20 | The use of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia显示文摘Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is characterized by an enlarged prostate,lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS),and a decreased urinary flow rate.Common in older men,BPH is a progressive disease that can eventually lead to complications including acute urinary retention(AUR)and the need for BPH-related surgery.Both normal and abnormal prostate growth is driven by the androgen dihydrotestosterone(DHT),which is formed from testosterone under the influence of 5-alpha reductase.Thus,5-alpha reductase inhibitors(5-ARIs)effectively reduce the serum and intraprostatic concentration of DHT,causing an involution of prostate tissue.Two 5-ARIs are currently available for the treatment of BPHdfinasteride and dutasteride.Both have been demonstrated to decrease prostate volume,improve LUTS and urinary flow rates,which ultimately reduces the risk of AUR and BPH-related surgery.Therefore,either alone or in combination with other BPH medications,5-ARIs are a mainstay of BPH management. | Eric H.Kim John A.Brockman Gerald L.Andriole | 2018 | Asian Journal of Urology2018，5，1： | 11 |
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