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| 1 | Impact of an innovative financing and payment model on tuberculosis patients'financial burden:is tuberculosis care more affordable for the poor?显示文摘Background:In response to the high financial burden of health services facing tuberculosis(TB)patients in China,the China-Gates TB project,PhaseⅡ,has implemented a new financing and payment model as an important component of the overall project in three cities in eastern,central and western China.The model focuses on increasing the reimbursement rate for TB patients and reforming provider payment methods by replacing fee-for-service with a case-based payment approach.This study investigated changes in out-of-pocket(OOP)health expenditure and the financial burden on TB patients before and after the interventions,with a focus on potential differential impacts on patients from different income groups.Methods:Three sample counties in each of the three prefectures:Zhenjiang,Yichang and Hanzhong were chosen as study sites.TB patients who started and completed treatment before,and during the intervention period,were randomly sampled and surveyed at the baseline in 2013 and final evaluation in 2015 respectively.OOP health expenditure and percentage of patients incurring catastrophic health expenditure(CHE)were calculated for different income groups.OLS regression and Iogit regression were conducted to explore the intervention's impacts on patient OOP health expenditure and financial burden after adjusting for other covariates.Key-informant interviews and focus group discussions were conducted to understand the reasons for any observed changes.Results:Data from 738(baseline)and 735(evaluation)patients were available for analysis.Patient mean OOP health expenditure increased from RMB 3576 to RMB 5791,and the percentage of patients incurring CHE also increased after intervention.The percentage increase in OOP health expenditure and the likelihood of incurring CHE were significantly lower for patients from the highest income group as compared to the lowest.Qualitative findings indicated that increased use of health services not covered by the standard package of the model was likely to have caused the increase in financial burden.Conclusions:The implementation of the new financing and payment model did not protect patients,especially those from the lowest income group,from financial difficulty,due partly to their increased use of health service.More financial resources should be mobilized to increase financial protection,particularly for poor patients,while cost containment strategies need to be developed and effectively implemented to improve the effective coverage of essential healthcare in China. | Wei-Xi Jiang Qian Long Henry Lucas Di Dong Jia-Ying Chen Li Xiang Qiang Li Fei Huang Hong Wang Chris Elbers Frank Cobelens Sheng-Lan Tang | 2019 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2019，8，2： | 4 |
| 2 | The classical swine fever epidemic 1997-1998 in the Netherlands: descriptive epidemiology 显示文摘 | Elbers A R W Stegeman J A Moster H | 1999 | Vet Med1999，42，： | 2 |
| 3 | Increase in PDNS diagnoses in the Netherlands显示文摘 | Elbers A R Hunneman W A Vos J H | 2000 | Vet Rec2000，147，11： | 1 |
| 4 | Visceral fat accumulation is an important determinate of PAI-1levels in young,nonbase men and woman modulation by cross -sex hormone administration显示文摘 | Giltay EJ Elber JMH | 1998 | Thromb Vasc Biol1998，18，11： | 1 |
| 5 | Orthogonal Decomposition of Non-Uniform Bspline Spaces Using Wavelets显示文摘 | Kazinnik R Elber G | 1996 | Computer Graphics Forum1996，16，： | 1 |
| 6 | A symbolic approach to freeform parametric surface blends显示文摘 | Kim K Elber G | 1996 | The Journal of Visualisation and Computer Animation1996，8，： | 1 |
| 7 | Randomized clinicaltrial of stapler versus clamp-crushing transection in elec-tive liver resection显示文摘 | Rahbari NN Elbers H Koch M | 2014 | Br J Surg2014，101，3： | 1 |
| 8 | The clinicalvalue of lung imaging fluorescence endoscopy for detectingsynchronous lung cancer显示文摘 | van Rens MT Schramel FM Elbers JR | 2001 | Lung Cancer2001，32，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Estimates of the Annual Net Carbon and Water Exchange of Forests: The EUROFLUX Methodology显示文摘 | M. Aubinet A. Grelle A. Ibrom ü. Rannik J. Moncrieff T. Foken A.S. Kowalski P.H. Martin P. Berbigier Ch. Bernhofer R. Clement J. Elbers A. Granier T. Grünwald K. Morgenstern K. Pilegaard C. Rebmann W. Snijders R. Valentini T. Vesala | 2000 | Advances in Ecological Research2000，，： | 1 |
| 10 | Fatigue crack closure under cyclic tension 显示文摘 | Elber W | 1970 | Engineering Fracture Mechanics1970，，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Effect of climate conditions and plant developmental stage on the stability of antibodies expressed in transgenic tobacco 显示文摘 | Stevens LH Stoopen GM Elbers I J | 2000 | Plant Physiol2000，124，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Flexible ureterorenoscopy(URS):technique and results显示文摘 | Cansino Alcaide JR Reinoso Elbers J López Sánchez D | 2010 | Archivos Espa?oles de Urología2010，，10： | 1 |
| 13 | Percutaneous nephrostomy:assessment of renal damage associated with semirigid (24F) and balloon(36F) dilation显示文摘 | Elbers J Miller RP | 1987 | J Urol1987，138，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Tool path generation for freeform surface models显示文摘 | Elber G Cohen E | 1994 | Compute Aided Design1994，26，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Fractal analysis of protein potential energy landscapes显示文摘 | Lidar D A Thirumalai D Elber R | 1999 | Phys Rev E1999，59，： | 1 |
| 16 | Prognostic assessment of 2361 patients who underwent pulmonary resection for non -small cell lung cancer,stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and ⅢA显示文摘 | an Rens MT de la Riviere AB and Elbers HR | 2000 | Chest2000，117，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Low-pathogenic notifiable avian influenza serosurveillance and the risk of infection in poultry - a critical review of the European Union active surveillance programme (2005-2007) 显示文摘 | Gonzales J L Elbers A R Bouma A | 2010 | Influenza Other RespirViruses2010，4，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Infrahepatic Inferior Vena Cava Clamping for Reduction of Central Venous Pressure and Blood Loss During Hepatic Resection: A Randomized Controlled Trial显示文摘 | Nuh N. Rahbari Moritz Koch Johannes B. Zimmermann Heike Elbers Thomas Bruckner Pietro Contin Christoph Reissfelder Thomas Schmidt Markus A. Weigand Eike Martin Markus W. Büchler Jürgen Weitz | 2011 | Annals of Surgery2011，，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Causal Effects of Body Mass Index on Cardiometabolic Traits and Events: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis显示文摘 | Michael V. Holmes Leslie A. Lange Tom Palmer Matthew B. Lanktree Kari E. North Berta Almoguera Sarah Buxbaum Hareesh R. Chandrupatla Clara C. Elbers Yiran Guo Ron C. Hoogeveen Jin Li Yun R. Li Daniel I. Swerdlow Mary Cushman Tom S. Price Sean P. Curtis My | 2014 | The American Journal of Human Genetics2014，，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Prediction of impact force and duration due to low-velocity impact on circular composite laminates显示文摘 | Shivakumar K N Elber W Illg W | 1985 | Transactions of the ASME1985，52，： | 1 |
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