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| 1 | Soil Erosion Changes over the Past Five Decades in the Red Soil Region of Southern China显示文摘This paper reports the dynamic changes of soil and water loss in the red soil region of Southern China since the 1950s. The red soil region covers eight provinces: Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian, Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong and Hainan. From the 1950s to 1986, the annual rate of soil erosion increased by 3.4%. From 1986 to 1996 and from 1996 to 2000, the annual rates of soil erosion decreased by 2.0% and 0.32%, respectively. Field surveys showed that from 2000 to 2005, the area of soil and water loss decreased annually by 1.2%. This decrease was a result of large-scale erosion control activities across China. Although the eroded soil has been restored, the restoration process is very slow and full restoration will take a long time. Our report suggests that controlling soil and water loss is a challenging task, and additional measures must be taken to effectively control the soil erosion in the red soil region. | LIANG Yin LI Decheng LU Xixi YANG Xuan PAN Xianzhang MU Huan SHI Deming ZHANG Bin | 2010 | Journal of Mountain Science2010，7，1： | 18 |
| 2 | Observation and analysis of near-surface atmospheric aerosol optical properties in urban Beijing显示文摘Year-round measurements of the mass concentration and optical properties of fine aerosols(PM_(2.5)) from June 2009 to May 2010 at an urban site in Beijing were analyzed.The annual mean values of the PM_(2.5) mass concentration,absorption coefficient(Ab),scattering coefficient(Sc) and single scattering albedo(SSA)at 525 nm were 67±66μg/m^3,64 ±62 Mm^(-1),360 ±405 Mm^(-1) and 0.82 ±0.09,respectively.The bulk mass absorption efficiency and scattering efficiency of the PM_(2.5) at 525 nm were 0.78 m^2/g and 5.55 m^2/g,respectively.The Ab and Sc showed a similar diurnal variation with a maximum at night and a minimum in the afternoon,whereas SSA displayed an opposite diurnal pattern.Significant increases in the Ab and Sc were observed in pollution episodes caused by the accumulation of pollutants from both local and regional sources under unfavorable weather conditions.Aerosol loadings in dust events increased by several times in the spring,which had limited effects on the Ab and Sc due to the low absorption and scattering efficiency of dust particles.The frequency of haze days was the highest in autumn because of the high aerosol absorption and scattering under unfavorable weather conditions.The daily PM_(2.5)concentration should be controlled to a level lower than 64 μg/m^3 to prevent the occurrence of haze days according to its exponentially decreased relationship with visibility. | Junshan Jing Yunfei Wu Jun Tao Huizheng Che Xiangao Xia Xiaochun Zhang Peng Yan Deming Zhao Leiming Zhang | 2015 | Particuology2015，13，1： | 16 |
| 3 | Genesis of the Wulong gold deposit,Liaoning Province,NE China:Constrains from noble gases,radiogenic and stable isotope studies显示文摘TheWulong lode deposit contains over 80 tonnes of gold with an average grade of 5.35 g/t.It is one of the largest deposits in Dandong City,Liaoning Province in northeast China.Previous studies on the deposit focused on its geological characteristics,geochemistry,fluid inclusions,and the timing of gold mineralization.However,controversy remains regarding the origin of the ore-forming fluids and metals,and the genesis of the gold deposit.This paper presents zircon UePb and pyrite RbeSr ages and S,Pb,He,and Ar isotopic results along with quartz H and O isotopic data for all litho-units associated with the deposit.Laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry measurements yielded zircon UePb dates for samples of pre-mineralization rocks like granite porphyry dike,the Sanguliu granodiorite,fine-grained diorite,and syn-mineralization diorite,as well as post-mineralization dolerite,and lamprophyre;their emplacement ages are 1261 Ma,1241 Ma,1231 Ma,1201 Ma,1192 Ma,and 1152 Ma,respectively.The pyrite RbeSr isochron age is 1191 Ma,indicating that both magmatism and mineralization occurred during the Early Cretaceous.The d18OH2O values of ore-forming hydrothermal fluids from the quartzepolymetallic sulfide vein stage vary from 4.8&to 6.5&,and the dDV-SMOW values are between67.7&and75.9&,indicating that the ore-forming fluids were primarily magmatic.The noble gas isotope compositions of fluid inclusions hosted in pyrite suggest that the ore-forming fluids were dominantly derived from crustal sources with minor mantle input.Sulfur isotopic values of pyrite vary between 0.2&and 3.5&,suggesting that S was derived from a homogeneous magmatic source or possibly from fluids derived from the crust.The Pb isotopic compositions of sulfides(207Pb/204Pb?15.51 e15.71,206Pb/204Pb?17.35e18.75,208Pb/204Pb?38.27e40.03)indicate that the Pb of the Wulong gold deposit is a mixture of crust and mantle components.Geochronological and geochemical data,together with the regional geological history,indicate that Early Cretaceous magmatism and mineralization of the Wulong gold deposit occurred during the rollback of the subducting Paleo-Pacific Plate,which resulted in lithospheric thinning and the destruction of the North China Craton(NCC),which indicates that the deposit is of magmaticehydrothermal origin. | Peng Zhang Linlin Kou Yan Zhao Zhongwei Bi Deming Sha Renping Han Zhumin Li | 2020 | Geoscience Frontiers2020，11，2： | 13 |
| 4 | Soil exchangeable base cations along a chronosequence of Caragana microphylla plantation in a semi-arid sandy land,China显示文摘As a pioneer leguminous shrub species for vegetation re-establishment,Caragana microphylla is widely distributed in the semi-fixed and fixed sandy lands of the Horqin region,North China.C.microphylla plantations modify organic carbon(SOC),nitrogen(N) and phosphorus dynamics,bulk density and water-holding capacity,and biological activities in soils,but little is known with regard to soil exchange properties.Variation in soil exchangeable base cations was examined under C.microphylla plantations with an age sequence of 0,5,10,and 22 years in the Horqin Sandy Land,and at the depth of 0-10,10-20,and 20-30 cm,respectively.C.microphylla has been planted on the non-vegetated sand dunes with similar physical-chemical soil properties.The results showed that exchangeable calcium(Ca),magnesium(Mg),and potassium(K),and cation exchange capacity(CEC) were significantly increased,and Ca saturation tended to decrease,while Mg and K saturations were increased with the plantation years.No difference was observed for exchangeable sodium(Na) neither with plantation years nor at soil depths.Of all the base cations and soil layers,exchangeable K at the depth of 0-10 cm accumulated most quickly,and it increased by 1.76,3.16,and 4.25 times,respectively after C.microphylla was planted for 5,10,and 22 years.Exchangeable Ca,Mg,and K,and CEC were significantly(P<0.001) and positively correlated with SOC,total N,pH,and electrical conductivity(EC).Soil pH and SOC are regarded as the main factors influencing the variation in exchangeable cations,and the preferential absorption of cations by plants and different leaching rates of base cations that modify cation saturations under C.microphylla plantation.It is concluded that as a nitrogen-fixation species,C.microphylla plantation is beneficial to increasing exchangeable base cations and CEC in soils,and therefore can improve soil fertility and create favorable microenvironments for plants and creatures in the semi-arid sandy land ecosystems. | YuGe ZHANG ZhuWen XU DeMing JIANG Yong JIANG | 2013 | Journal of Arid Land2013，5，1： | 11 |
| 5 | Geochronology and mineralogy of the Weishan carbonatite in Shandong province, eastern China显示文摘The Weishan REE deposit is located at the eastern part of North China Craton(NCC), western Shandong Province. The REE-bearing carbonatite occur as veins associated with aegirine syenite. LA-ICP-MS bastnaesite Th-Pb ages(129 Ma) of the Weishan carbonatite show that the carbonatite formed contemporary with the aegirine syenite. Based on the petrographic and geochemical characteristics of calcite, the REEbearing carbonatite mainly consists of Generation-1 igneous calcite(G-1 calcite) with a small amount of Generation-2 hydrothermal calcite(G-2 calcite). Furthermore, the Weishan apatite is characterized by high Sr, LREE and low Y contents, and the carbonatite is rich in Sr, Ba and LREE contents. The δ^(13)Cv-PDB(-6.5‰ to -7.9‰) and δ^(13)OV-SMOW(8.48‰-9.67‰) values are similar to those of primary, mantlederived carbonatites. The above research supports that the carbonatite of the Weishan REE deposit is igneous carbonatite. Besides, the high Sr/Y, Th/U, Sr and Ba of the apatite indicate that the magma source of the Weishan REE deposit was enriched lithospheric mantle, which have suffered the fluid metasomatism. Taken together with the Mesozoic tectono-magmatic activities, the NW and NWW subduction of Izanagi plate along with lithosphere delamination and thinning of the North China plate support the formation of the Weishan REE deposit. Accordingly, the mineralization model of the Weishan REE deposit was concluded: The spatial-temporal relationships coupled with rare and trace element characteristics for both carbonatite and syenite suggest that the carbonatite melt was separated from the CO_2-rich silicate melt by liquid immiscibility. The G-1 calcites were crystallized from the carbonatite melt, which made the residual melt rich in rare earth elements. Due to the common origin of G-1 and G-2 calcites, the REE-rich magmatic hydrothermal was subsequently separated from the melt. After that, large numbers of rare earth minerals were produced from the magmatic hydrothermal stage. | Chen Wang Jianchao Liu Haidong Zhang Xinzhu Zhang Deming Zhang Zhixuan Xi Zijie Wang | 2019 | Geoscience Frontiers2019，10，2： | 9 |
| 6 | Isolation of Lymphocytes and Their Innate Immune Characterizations from Liver,Intestine,Lung and Uterus显示文摘In steady-state conditions, the number and distribution of lymphocyte populations are under homeostatic control.New lymphocytes are continuously produced in primary and secondary lymphoid organs and then achieve immune-competence within different tissues, and they must challenge with resident cells for survival. The first step in the study of tissue lymphoid cells is their isolation in intact and viable form appropriate for establishment of in vitro culture systems. For reasons of simplicity, cell purity, cell yields and various purposes, lymphocytes obtained from different tissues in different labs were subjected to diverse protocols. To fully elucidate the nature of the local immune system as well as to adequately study the innate role of lymphocytes in liver, intestine, lung and uterus, we briefly reviewed the characterization of resident lymphocytes, and additional information on those cells from non-lymphoid tissues by using the recommended operation procedure was also presented. | Jianhong Zhang Zhongjun Dong Rongbin Zhou Deming Luo Haiming Wei Zhigang Tian | 2005 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2005，2，4： | 8 |
| 7 | Inverse design of digital nanophotonic devices using the adjoint method显示文摘A high-efficiency inverse design of'digital'subwavelength nanophotonic devices using the adjoint method is proposed.We design a single-mode 3dB power divider and a dual-mode demultiplexer to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed inverse design approach,called the digitized adjoint method,for single-and dual-object optimization,respectively.The optimization comprises three stages:1)continuous variation for an'analog'pattern;2)forced permittivity biasing for a'quasi-digital'pattern;and 3)a multilevel digital pattern.Compared with the conventional brute-force method,the proposed method can improve design efficiency by about five times,and the performance optimization can reach approximately the same level.The method takes advantages of adjoint sensitivity analysis and digital subwavelength structure and creates a new way for the efficient and high-performance design of compact digital subwavelength nanophotonic devices,which could overcome the efficiency bottleneck of the brute-force method,which is restricted by the number of pixels of a digital pattern,and improve the device performance by extending a conventional binary pattern to a multilevel one. | KAIYUAN WANG XINSHU REN WEIJIE CHANG LONGHUI LU DEMING LIU MINMING ZHANG | 2020 | Photonics Research2020，8，4： | 7 |
| 8 | Allele-aware chromosome-scale assembly of the allopolyploid genome of hexaploid Ma bamboo(Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro)显示文摘Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro is a woody clumping bamboo with rapid shoot growth.Both genetic transformation and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9)gene editing techniques are available for D.latiflorus,enabling reverse genetic approaches.Thus,D.latiflorus has the potential to be a model bamboo species.However,the genome sequence of D.latiflorus has remained unreported due to its polyploidy and large genome size.Here,we sequenced the D.latiflorus genome and assembled it into three allele-aware subgenomes(AABBCC),representingthe largest genome of a major bamboo species.We assembled 70 allelic chromosomes(2,737 Mb)for hexaploid D.latiflorus using both singlemolecule sequencing from the Pacific Biosciences(Pac Bio)Sequel platform and chromosome conformation capture sequencing(Hi-C).Repetitive sequences comprised 52.65%of the D.latiflorus genome.We annotated 135231 protein-coding genes in the genome based on transcriptomes from eight different tissues.Transcriptome sequencing using RNA-Seq and Pac Bio singlemolecule real-time long-read isoform sequencing revealed highly differential alternative splicing(AS)between non-abortive and abortive shoots,suggesting that AS regulates the abortion rate of bamboo shoots.This high-quality hexaploid genome and comprehensive strand-specific transcriptome datasets for this Poaceae family member will pave the way for bamboo research using D.latiflorus as a model species. | Yushan Zheng Deming Yang Jundong Rong Liguang Chen Qiang Zhu Tianyou He Lingyan Chen Jing Ye Lili Fan Yubang Gao Hangxiao Zhang Lianfeng Gu | 2022 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2022，64，3： | 6 |
| 9 | Plantations of native shrub species restore soil microbial diversity in the Horqin Sandy Land, northeastern China显示文摘Caragana microphylla Lam., a leguminous shrub species, plays an important role in revegetation in the degraded ecosystems of the Horqin Sandy Land, Northeastern China. Large areas planted with this shrub have been artificially established as sand binders for soil protection, which might change the composition of soil bacterial communities with the development of sand dune stabilization. In this paper, we investigated the diversity and composition of native soil bacterial communities in the C. microphylla plantation for sand fixation using polymerase chain reaction with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(PCR-DGGE) to understand the influence of this plantation on sandy soil ecosystem development. We collected soil samples from plantations with an age sequence of 0, 9, 16, and 26 years, as well as from the natural community, to identify the differences among soil bacterial communities. The result showed that bacterial abundance and community composition in the sandy land were affected by the age of the C. microphylla plantation. Moreover, bacterial diversity decreased with increasing plantation age, and the composition of the bacterial community in the 26-year plantation was similar to that in the natural community. Phylogenetic analysis of bands excised from the DGGE gels showed that members of alpha Proteobacterium, gamma Proteobacterium, Gemmatimonadetes and Chloroflexi were dominant in the sandy land. The stabilization of moving sand dune and development of sand-fixed plantation resulted in an increase of soil fertility, which could drive the structural evolvement of soil bacterial community, and it needs over 20 years for the soil bacterial community to form a stable structure, similar to the case for the natural vegetation. | DeMing JIANG ChengYou CAO Ying ZHANG ZhenBo CUI XiaoShu HAN | 2014 | Journal of Arid Land2014，6，4： | 5 |
| 10 | Different fates of avermectin and artemisinin in China显示文摘The 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Youyou Tu,William C.Campbell and Satoshiōmura for the discoveries of artemisinin and avermectin.Their efficacy on parasitic disease treatment won the recognition of the whole world once again,revealing the dawning of the second'Golden age'in the development of natural products(http://gffzz090550501bae4aechf5wfnuxcu00k6065.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/2u0Rb E).Although artemisinin | Jinsong Chen Jin Miao Mei Liu Xueting Liu Lianqun Bao Yuguo Jiang Deming Wang Qing Zhang Lixin Zhang | 2016 | Science China(Life Sciences)2016，59，6： | 4 |
| 11 | Ultracompact dual-mode waveguide crossing based on subwavelength multimode-interference couplers显示文摘We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel ultracompact dual-mode waveguide crossing based on subwavelength multimode-interference couplers for a densely integrated on-chip mode-division multiplexing system.By engineering the lateral-cladding material index and manipulating phase profiles of light at the nanoscale using an improved inverse design method, a subwavelength structure could theoretically realize the identical beat length for both TE_0 and TE1, which can reduce the scale of the device greatly. The fabricated device occupied a footprint of only 4.8 μm× 4.8 μm. The measured insertion losses and crosstalks were less than 0.6 d B and-24 d B from 1530 nm to 1590 nm for both TE0 and TE1 modes, respectively. Furthermore, our scheme could also be expandedto design waveguide crossings that support more modes. | WEIJIE CHANG LULUZI LU XINSHU REN DONGYU LI ZEPENG PAN MENGFAN CHENG DEMING LIU MINMING ZHANG | 2018 | Photonics Research2018，6，7： | 4 |
| 12 | Shifting Rule Modification Strategy of Automatic Transmission Based on Driver-vehicle-road Environment显示文摘Accidental or frequent shift often occurs when the shifting rule is built based on traditional two parameters (i.e., velocity and throttle), because the speed of engine varies slower than change of throttle opening. Currently, modifying shift point velocity value or throttle by throttle change rate is one of common methods, but the results are not so satisfactory in some working condition such as uphill. The reason is that these methods merely consider throttle change rate which is not enough for a car driving in driver-vehicle-road environment system. So a novel fuzzy control modification strategy is proposed to avoid or reduce those abnormal shift actions. It can adjust shifting rule by the change rate of throttle, current gear position and road environment information, while different gear position and driving environment get corresponding modification value. In order to compare the results of shifting actions, fuel consumption and braking distance, emergent braking in level road and extra-urban driving cycle(EUDC) working conditions with fuzzy shifting schedule modification strategy are simulated digitally. Furthermore, a hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform is introduced to verify its effect in slope road condition according to the ON/OFF numbers of solenoid valve in hydraulic system. The simulation results show that the problem of unexpected shift in those working conditions may be resolved by fuzzy modification strategy. At last, it is concluded that although there is some slight decline in power performance in uphill situation, this fuzzy modification strategy could correctly identify slope of road, decrease braking distance, improve vehicle comfort and fuel economy effectively and prolong the life of clutch system. So, this fuzzy logic shifting strategy provides important references for vehicle intelligent shifting schedule. | WU Guangqiang ZHANG Deming | 2010 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2010，23，3： | 3 |
| 13 | Application of three-phase foam to fight an extraordinarily serious coal mine fire显示文摘 | Fubao Zhou Wanxing Ren Deming Wang Tiliang Song Xiang Li Yuliang Zhang | 2005 | International Journal of Coal Geology2005，，1： | 2 |
| 14 | A direct real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for rapid high-throughput detection of highly pathogenic North American porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in China without RNA purification显示文摘Background:Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV),and particularly its highly pathogenic genotype(HP-PRRSV),have caused massive economic losses to the global swine industry.Results:To rapidly identify HP-PRRSV,we developed a direct real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method(dRT-PCR) that could detect the virus from serum specimen without the need of RNA purification.Our dRT-PCR assay can be completed in 1.5 h from when a sample is received to obtaining a result.Additionally,the sensitivity of dRT-PCR matched that of conventional reverse transcription PCR(cRT-PCR) that used purified RNA.The lowest detection limit of HP-PRRSV was 6.3 TCID_(50) using dRT-PCR.We applied dRT-PCR assay to 144 field samples and the results showed strong consistency with those obtained by cRT-PCR.Moreover,the dRT-PCR method was able to tolerate 5-20%(v/v) serum.Conclusions:Our dRT-PCR assay allows for easier,faster,more cost-effective and higher throughput detection of HP-PRRSV compared with cRT-PCR methods.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first report to describe a real-time RT-PCR assay capable of detecting PRRSV in crude serum samples without the requirement for purifying RNA.We believe our approach has a great potential for application to other RNA viruses. | Kang Kang Keli Yang Jiasheng Zhong Yongxiang Tian Limin Zhang Jianxin Zhai Li Zhang Changxu Song Christine Yuan Gou Jun Luo Deming Gou | 2015 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2015，6，1： | 2 |
| 15 | Combustion behaviors of a compression-ignition engine fuelled with diesel/methanol blends under various fuel delivery advance angles显示文摘 | Zuohua Huang Hongbing Lu Deming Jiang Ke Zeng Bing Liu Junqiang Zhang Xibin Wang | 2004 | Bioresource Technology2004，，3： | 2 |
| 16 | Variational Assimilation of Satellite Cloud Water/Ice Path and Microphysics Scheme Sensitivity to the Assimilation of a Rainfall Case显示文摘Hydrometeor variables(cloud water and cloud ice mixing ratios) are added into the WRF three-dimensional variational assimilation system as additional control variables to directly analyze hydrometeors by assimilating cloud observations.In addition,the background error covariance matrix of hydrometeors is modeled through a control variable transform,and its characteristics discussed in detail.A suite of experiments using four microphysics schemes(LIN,SBU-YLIN,WDM6 and WSM6) are performed with and without assimilating satellite cloud liquid/ice water path.We find analysis of hydrometeors with cloud assimilation to be significantly improved,and the increment and distribution of hydrometeors are consistent with the characteristics of background error covariance.Diagnostic results suggest that the forecast with cloud assimilation represents a significant improvement,especially the ability to forecast precipitation in the first seven hours.It is also found that the largest improvement occurs in the experiment using the WDM6 scheme,since the assimilated cloud information can sustain for longer in this scheme.The least improvement,meanwhile,appears in the experiment using the SBU-YLIN scheme. | Yaodeng CHEN Ruizhi ZHANG Deming MENG Jinzhong MIN Lina ZHANG | 2016 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2016，33，10： | 2 |
| 17 | Cellular prion protein released on exosomes from macrophages binds to Hsp70显示文摘Prion 疾病是传染、致命的 neurodegenerative 混乱。变换成 prion 蛋白质(PrPSc ) 的错误褶层 isoform 的细胞的 prion 蛋白质(PrPC ) 为 prion 疾病感染负责。免疫系统在从圆周便于 prion 感染的传播到中央神经系统起一个重要作用。巨噬细胞被认为与 PrPSc 的交通和复制联系了。那么,在巨噬细胞理解 PrPC trafficking 是重要的为 PrPSc 探索运输机制。这里,我们从 Ana-1 巨噬细胞房间线的文化媒介孤立 exosomes 并且由西方的弄污, immunoelectron 显微镜学,和 co-immunoprecipitation 在分泌 exosomes 由 exosomes 和和 Hsp70 的 PrPC 的相互作用调查了 PrPC trafficked。结果证明从巨噬细胞的文化媒介的孤立的泡被 exosomes 和讨厌的人 PrPC 描绘。并且 PrPC 在细胞内部的环境两个都跳了到 Hsp70 并且分泌了 exosomes。相反, PrPC 没与 exosomes, Tag101 和 Flotillin-1 的标记蛋白质有相互作用。这些结果建议在细胞外的空间在场的 PrPC 可能是通过从巨噬细胞的分泌 exosomes 的 externalized,并且 Hsp70 可以在经由分泌 exosomes 释放的 PrPC 的过程起作用。 | Guihua Wang Xiangmei Zhou Yu Bai Zhongqiu Zhang Deming Zhao | 2010 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2010，42，5： | 2 |
| 18 | On-chip cyclic-AWG-based 12 × 12 silicon wavelength routing switches with minimized port-to-port insertion loss fluctuation显示文摘With the rapidly increasing bandwidth requirements of optical communication networks, compact and low-cost large-scale optical switches become necessary. Silicon photonics is a promising technology due to its small footprint, cost competitiveness, and high bandwidth density. In this paper, we demonstrate a 12 × 12 silicon wavelength routing switch employing cascaded arrayed waveguide gratings(AWGs) connected by a silicon waveguide interconnection network on a single chip. We optimize the connecting strategy of the crossing structure to reduce the switch's footprint. We develop an algorithm based on minimum standard deviation to minimize the port-toport insertion loss(IL) fluctuation of the switch globally. The simulated port-to-port IL fluctuation decreases by about 3 dB compared with that of the conventional one. The average measured port-to-port IL is 13.03 dB, with a standard deviation of 0.78 dB and a fluctuation of 2.39 dB. The device can be used for wide applications in core networks and data centers. | ZEPENG PAN SONGNIAN FU LULUZI LU DONGYU LI WEIJIE CHANG DEMING LIU MINMING ZHANG | 2018 | Photonics Research2018，6，5： | 2 |
| 19 | PP2 and piceatannol inhibit PrP106-126-induced iNOS activation mediated by CD36 in BV2 microglia显示文摘Prion 疾病是人和动物的一组能递送的致命的 neurodegenerative 混乱,包括牛的海绵状的 encephalopathy, scrapie,和 CreutzfeldtJakob 疾病。Microglia,中央神经系统的居民巨噬细胞,对病理学的织物改变精致地敏感,改变他们的形态学和显型采用一个所谓的激活的状态并且执行免疫学的响应 pathophysiological 大脑侮辱工作。尽管最近的调查结果提供了珍贵卓见进角色 microglia,在在 prion 观察的 proinflammatory 事件玩,为这些回答的开始负责的细胞内部的发信号分子尚待被阐明。看起来 microglial 激活包含 PrP106126 绑定和象 CD36 和 integrins 那样的房间表面免疫者和粘附分子的激活与象 Fyn 那样的 Src 家庭酷氨酸 kinases 的随后的招募, Lyn,和 Syk kinases。在现在的学习,我们证明 CD36 涉及导致 PrP106126 的 microglial 激活并且 PP2 和 piceatannol (照片) 能废除毒害神经的 prion 在 microglia 的导致肽的可诱导的氮的氧化物 synthase 激活。这些调查结果作为 Src 家庭 kinase Fyn 和涉及毒害神经的 prion peptidesmicroglia 相互作用的酷氨酸 kinase Syk 禁止者揭开 PP2 和照片的一个以前未被认出的角色,因此提供新卓见进由毒害神经的 prion 肽位于 microglia 的激活下面的机制。 | Siming Zhang Lifeng Yang Mohammed Kouadir Rongrong Tan Yun Lu Jiaxin Chang Binrui Xu Xiaomin Yin Xiangmei Zhou Deming Zhao | 2013 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2013，45，9： | 2 |
| 20 | Physical understanding of axonal growth patterns on grooved substrates:groove ridge crossing versus longitudinal alignment显示文摘Surface topographies such as micrometric edges and grooves have been widely used to improve neuron outgrowth.However,finding the mechanism of neuron–surface interactions on grooved substrates remains a challenge.In this work,PC12 cells and chick forebrain neurons(CFNs)were cultured on grooved and smooth polyacrylonitrile substrates.It was found that CFNs showed a tendency of growing across groove ridges;while PC12 cells were only observed to grow in the longitudinal direction of grooves.To further investigate these observations,a 3D physical model of axonal outgrowth was developed.In this model,axon shafts are simulated as elastic 3D beams,accounting for the axon outgrowth as well as the focal contacts between axons and substrates.Moreover,the bending direction of axon tips during groove ridge crossing is governed by the energy minimization principle.Our physical model predicts that axonal groove ridge crossing is contributed by the bending compliance of axons,caused by lower Young’s modulus and smaller diameters.This work will aid the understanding of the mechanisms involved in axonal alignment and elongation of neurons guided by grooved substrates,and the obtained insights can be used to enhance the design of instructive scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering and regeneration applications. | Deming Zhang Hairui Suo Jin Qian Jun Yin Jianzhong Fu Yong Huang | 2020 | Bio-Design and Manufacturing2020，3，4： | 2 |
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