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| 1 | 木薯产品营养成分的分析与比较研究显示文摘本试验对3种木薯产品及玉米对照样品的主要营养成分包括粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗灰分、无氮浸出物、总淀粉、支链淀粉、直链淀粉、氨基酸、非淀粉多糖、矿物质的含量及其体外干物质和淀粉消化率、淀粉颗粒特征等指标进行了比较研究。结果表明,与玉米对照相比,木薯产品粗蛋白质和氨基酸含量较低,蛋白质品质低劣;木薯粒粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗灰分含量均显著高于玉米(P<0.05);木薯渣无氮浸出物含量显著低于木薯干(P<0.05),而粗灰分和粗纤维含量均显著高于木薯干和玉米(P<0.05);木薯干和木薯粒的总淀粉含量与玉米相当,但直链淀粉/支链淀粉比值显著低于玉米(P<0.05),木薯渣中抗性淀粉含量显著高于其他木薯产品和玉米对照(P<0.05),玉米淀粉粒形态为不规则多面体,而木薯淀粉粒形态似球形;木薯产品中钙、钾、铁和锰的含量均显著高于玉米(P<0.05),而磷和锌的含量均显著低于玉米(P<0.05);玉米中可溶性非淀粉多糖(SNSP)含量显著低于3种木薯产品,且木薯渣中SNSP含量显著高于木薯干和木薯粒(P<0.05);木薯渣中不溶性非淀粉多糖含量显著高于木薯干和木薯粒(P<0.05),且其不溶性半乳糖的含量显著高于其他木薯产品及玉米(P<0.05);木薯粒干物质和淀粉消化率均显著高于木薯干、木薯渣和玉米(P<0.05),木薯渣干物质和淀粉消化率均显著低于玉米和木薯干(P<0.05)。本研究结果对木薯产品在饲料中的应用有一定的指导意义。 | 唐德富 Iji P Choct M 汝应俊 宋淑玉 Clarke K L | 2014 | 中国畜牧兽医2014，41，9： | 15 |
| 2 | National trends in resection of the distal pancreas显示文摘AIM:To investigate national trends in distal pancreatectomy(DP) through query of three national patient care databases.METHODS:From the Nationwide Inpatient Sample(NIS,2003-2009),the National Surgical Quality Improvement Project(NSQIP,2005-2010),and the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results(SEER,2003-2009) databases using appropriate diagnostic and procedural codes we identified all patients with a diagnosis of a benign or malignant lesion of the body and/or tail of the pancreas that had undergone a partial or distal pancreatectomy.Utilization of laparoscopy was defined in NIS by the International Classification of Diseases,Ninth Revision correspondent procedure code;and in NSQIP by the exploratory laparoscopy or unlisted procedure current procedural terminology codes.In SEER,patients were identified by the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology,Third Edition diagnosis codes and the SEER Program Code Manual,third edition procedure codes.We analyzed the databases with respect to trends of inpatient outcome metrics,oncologic outcomes,and hospital volumes in patients with lesions of the neck and body of the pancreas that underwent operative resection.RESULTS:NIS,NSQIP and SEER identified 4242,2681 and 11 082 DP resections,respectively.Overall,laparoscopy was utilized in 15%(NIS) and 27%(NSQIP).No significant increase was seen over the course of the study.Resection was performed for malignancy in 59%(NIS) and 66%(NSQIP).Neither patient Body mass index nor comorbidities were associated with operative approach(P = 0.95 and P = 0.96,respectively).Mortality(3% vs 2%,P = 0.05) and reoperation(4% vs 4%,P = 1.0) was not different between laparoscopy and open groups.Overall complications(10% vs 15%,P < 0.001),hospital costs [44 741 dollars,interquartile range(IQR) 28 347-74 114 dollars vs 49 792 dollars,IQR 13 299-73 463,P = 0.02] and hospital length of stay(7 d,IQR 4-11 d vs 7 d,IQR 6-10,P < 0.001) were less when laparoscopy was utilized.One and two year survival after resection for malignancy were unchanged over the course of the study(ductal adenocarinoma 1-year 63.6% and 2-year 35.1%,P = 0.53;intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and nueroendocrine 1-year 90% and 2-year 84%,P = 0.25).The majority of resections were performed in teaching hospitals(77% NIS and 85% NSQIP),but minimally invasive surgery(MIS) was not more likely to be used in teaching hospitals(15% vs 14%,P = 0.26).Hospitals in the top decile for volume were more likely to be teaching hospitals than lower volume deciles(88% vs 43%,P < 0.001),but were no more likely to utilize MIS at resection.Complication rate in teaching and the top decile hospitals was not significantly decreased when compared to non-teaching(15% vs 14%,P = 0.72) and lower volume hospitals(14% vs 15%,P = 0.99).No difference was seen in the median number of lymph nodes and lymph node ratio in N1 disease when compared by year(P = 0.17 and P = 0.96,respectively).CONCLUSION:There appears to be an overall underutilization of laparoscopy for DP.Centralization does not appear to be occurring.Survival and lymph node harvest have not changed. | Armando Rosales-Velderrain Steven P Bowers Ross F Goldberg Tatyan M Clarke Mauricia A Buchanan John A Stauffer Horacio J Asbun | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，32： | 8 |
| 3 | The Yin and Yang of Wnt/Ryk axon guidance in development and regeneration显示文摘In the developing embryo,nascent axons navigate towards their specific targets to establish the intricate network of axonal connections linking neurons within the mature nervous system.Molecular navigational systems comprising repulsive and attractive guidance cues form chemotactic gradients along the pathway of the exploring growth cone.Axon-bound receptors detect these gradients and determine the trajectory of the migrating growth cone.In contrast to their benevolent role in the developing nervous system,repulsive guidance receptors are detrimental to the axon’s ability to regenerate after injury in the adult.In this review we explore the essential and beneficial role played by the chemorepulsive Wnt receptor,Ryk/Derailed in axon navigation in the embryonic nervous system(the Yin function).Specifically,we focus on the role of Wnt5a/Rykmediated guidance in the establishment of two major axon tracts in the mammalian central nervous system,the corticospinal tract and the corpus callosum.Recent studies have also identified Ryk as a major suppressor of axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury.Thus,we also discuss this opposing aspect of Ryk function in axonal regeneration where its activity is a major impediment to axon regrowth(the Yang function). | CLARK Charlotte EJ LIU Yaobo COOPER Helen M | 2014 | Science China(Life Sciences)2014，57，4： | 4 |
| 4 | Frequent amplification of a chr19q13.41 microRNA polycistron in aggressive primitive neuroectodermal brain tumors显示文摘 | Li M Lee KF Lu Y Clarke I Shih D Eberhart C Collins VP Van Meter T Picard D Zhou L Boutros PC Modena P Liang ML Scherer SW Bouffet E Rutka JT Pomeroy SL Lau CC Taylor MD Gajjar A Dirks PB Hawkins CE Huang A. | 2009 | 中国神经肿瘤杂志2009，7，4： | 3 |
| 5 | Effects of radiotherapy and of differences in the extent of surgery for early breast cancer on local recurrence and 15-year survival:an overview of the randomised trials显示文摘 | Clarke M Collins R Darby S | | 0，，9503： | 3 |
| 6 | Perinatal Listeria monocytogenes susceptibility despite preconceptual priming and maintenance of pathogen-specific CD8^+ T cells during pregnancy显示文摘Listeria monocytogenes (Lm ) 为发展中的胎儿在怀孕和疾病的后果期间是有为全身的母亲的感染的唯一的倾向的一个细胞内部的细菌。给与出生前的 Lm 感染联系的高死亡,为在怀孕的极其脆弱的经期期间扩充保护的免疫的策略着急地被需要。此处,保护由在对随后的剧毒的 Lm 出生前的感染的怀孕被评估以前,管理的稀释 Lm 交谈了。因为显著地更多的细菌从母亲的纸巾被恢复,我们证明对在非怀孕的老鼠的第二等的 Lm 感染的保护严厉地在 allogeneic 怀孕期间被节制,尽管有病原体特定的 CD8 + T 房间的数字、功能的保藏。更重要地,因为各在怀孕和天真的怀孕控制以前与稀释 Lm 接种的老鼠在怀孕期间在 Lm 感染以后从单个 concepti 显示出近完全的胎儿的再吞和病原体恢复, preconceptual priming 不在 utero 侵略或胎儿的消耗量免于。显著地,对有在 allogeneic 怀孕的 preconceptual priming 的出生前的 Lm 感染的保护的缺乏在 syngeneic 怀孕期间被恢复。因此,母亲胎儿的抗原不和在出生前的 Lm 感染以后对胎儿的复杂并发症支配 preconceptual 种痘的低效率,尽管有病原体特定的 CD8 + T 房间的数字、功能的保藏。 | Dayna R Clark Vandana Chaturvedi Jeremy M Kinder Tony T Jiang Lijun Xin James M Ertelt Sing Sing Way | 2014 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2014，11，6： | 3 |
| 7 | The prevalence and etiology of elevated aminotransferase levels in the United States显示文摘 | Jeanne M Clark Frederick L Brancati Anna Mae Diehl | 2003 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology2003，，5： | 2 |
| 8 | Identification of a cancer stem cell in human brain tumors显示文摘 | Singh SK Clarke ID Terasaki M | | 0，，18： | 2 |
| 9 | Serotonin type 3 receptor subunit gene polymorphisms associated with psychosomatic symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome:A multicenter retrospective study显示文摘BACKGROUND Single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)of the serotonin type 3 receptor subunit(HTR3)genes have been associated with psychosomatic symptoms,but it is not clear whether these associations exist in irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).AIM To assess the association of HTR3 polymorphisms with depressive,anxiety,and somatization symptoms in individuals with IBS.METHODS In this retrospective study,623 participants with IBS were recruited from five specialty centers in Germany,Sweden,the United States,the United Kingdom,and Ireland.Depressive,anxiety,and somatization symptoms and sociodemographic characteristics were collected.Four functional SNPs—HTR3A c.-42C>T,HTR3B c.386A>C,HTR3C c.489C>A,and HTR3E c.*76G>A—were genotyped and analyzed using the dominant and recessive models.We also performed separate analyses for sex and IBS subtypes.SNP scores were calculated as the number of minor alleles of the SNPs above.The impact of HTR3C c.489C>A was tested by radioligand-binding and calcium influx assays.RESULTS Depressive and anxiety symptoms significantly worsened with increasing numbers of minor HTR3C c.489C>A alleles in the dominant model(F_(depressive)=7.475,P_(depressive)=0.006;F_(anxiety)=6.535,P_(anxiety)=0.011).A higher SNP score(range 0-6)was linked to a worsened depressive symptoms score(F=7.710,P-linear trend=0.006)in IBS.The potential relevance of the HTR3C SNP was corroborated,showing changes in the expression level of 5-HT3AC variant receptors.CONCLUSION We have provided the first evidence that HTR3C c.489C>A is involved in depressive and anxiety symptoms in individuals with IBS.The SNP score indicated that an increasing number of minor alleles is linked to the worsening of depressive symptoms in IBS. | Sabrina Berens Yuanjun Dong Nikola Fritz Jutta Walstab Mauro D'Amato Tenghao Zheng Verena Wahl Felix Boekstegers Justo Lorenzo Bermejo Cristina Martinez Stefanie Schmitteckert Egbert Clevers Felicitas Engel Annika Gauss Wolfgang Herzog Robin Spiller Miriam Goebel-Stengel Hubert Mönnikes Viola Andresen Frieling Thomas Jutta Keller Christian Pehl Christoph Stein-Thöringer Gerard Clarke Timothy G Dinan Eamonn M Quigley Gregory Sayuk Magnus Simrén Jonas Tesarz Gudrun Rappold Lukas van Oudenhove Rainer Schaefert Beate Niesler | 2022 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2022，28，21： | 2 |
| 10 | A next-generation marker genotyping platform(AmpSeq)in heterozygous crops:a case study for marker-assisted selection in grapevine显示文摘Marker-assisted selection(MAS)is often employed in crop breeding programs to accelerate and enhance cultivar development,via selection during the juvenile phase and parental selection prior to crossing.Next-generation sequencing and its derivative technologies have been used for genome-wide molecular marker discovery.To bridge the gap between marker development and MAS implementation,this study developed a novel practical strategy with a semi-automated pipeline that incorporates trait-associated single nucleotide polymorphism marker discovery,low-cost genotyping through amplicon sequencing(AmpSeq)and decision making.The results document the development of a MAS package derived from genotyping-by-sequencing using three traits(flower sex,disease resistance and acylated anthocyanins)in grapevine breeding.The vast majority of sequence reads(⩾99%)were from the targeted regions.Across 380 individuals and up to 31 amplicons sequenced in each lane of MiSeq data,most amplicons(83 to 87%)had<10%missing data,and read depth had a median of 220–244×.Several strengths of the AmpSeq platform that make this approach of broad interest in diverse crop species include accuracy,flexibility,speed,high-throughput,low-cost and easily automated analysis. | Shanshan Yang Jonathan Fresnedo-Ramíre Minghui Wang Linda Cote Peter Schweitzer Paola Barba Elizabeth M Takacs Matthew Clark James Luby David C Manns Gavin Sacks Anna Katharine Mansfield Jason Londo Anne Fennell David Gadoury Bruce Reisch Lance Cadle-Davidson Qi Sun | 2016 | Horticulture Research2016，3，1： | 2 |
| 11 | 受控导线断线时输电铁塔的实测动态特性显示文摘英国在1条退役的输电铁塔上进行了断线事件的现场模拟测试,研究了传递到输电铁塔塔腿的负载分布、负载传递速率。在土工离心机中进行了相似的物理模型研究,给出了负载传递速率和承载系数(Ns)的关系。 | M CLARK D J RICHARDS D CLUTTERBUCK 何鹏(翻译) 马明(编校) | 2007 | 电力建设2007，28，5： | 2 |
| 12 | 壳牌对未来车用能源多元化发展趋势的思考显示文摘面对能源短缺和环境污染的双重挑战,交通领域的转型升级不可避免。本文结合未来车用动力系统的发展趋势,对交通运输领域中应用的多种先进动力系统、清洁能源及替代燃料进行综述和评价,包括目前主要使用的传统液态化石燃料即汽、柴油及先进内燃机技术,清洁替代燃料(如生物燃料、天然气合成油(GTL)燃料、电转液(PTL)燃料、液化天然气(LNG)等),以及电气化动力系统(包括混合动力、纯电动和燃料电池)等,并着重讨论液体燃料。壳牌认为没有一种单一的解决方案可以解决复杂的能源问题,未来交通能源结构将呈现多种能源并存的特点,并分别适用于不同的场景。该文还介绍了壳牌近期基于不同政治、经济和社会发展程度提出的3种远景(壳牌“高山”、“海洋”和“天空”远景),提出壳牌对未来车用能源领域转型脱碳发展情景的思考。 | 贾恬 郑彬 Warnecke W Kolbeck A Aradi A Kofod M Clark R Wilbrand K | 2020 | 汽车安全与节能学报2020，11，1： | 2 |
| 13 | Thermal degradation of Nicalon SiC fiber 显示文摘 | CLARK T J ARONS R M STAMATOFF J B | 1985 | Ceram Eng Sci Proc1985，6，78： | 2 |
| 14 | Prediction of the occurrence of slope instability phenomena through GIS-based hazard zonation显示文摘 | CLARK V W RENGERS M T TERLIEN J K | 1997 | Geology Rundsch1997，86，： | 2 |
| 15 | Theory and simulation of high-power microwave generation in a magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator显示文摘 | Lemke R W Clark M C | 1987 | J App Phys1987，62，8： | 2 |
| 16 | p38 mitogen-actiated protein kinase regulates cycloxxygenase - 2 mRNA stability and transcription in ipopolysacharide-treated human monocytes显示文摘 | Dean J L Brook M Clark A R | 1999 | J Biol Chen1999，274，： | 1 |
| 17 | Antifungal evaluation of pseudolaric acid B, a major constituent of pseudolarix kaempferi显示文摘 | Li E Clark A M Hufford C D | 1995 | J Nat Prod1995，58，： | 1 |
| 18 | A novel integrated in vitro maturation and in vitro fertilization system for swine显示文摘 | Clark S G Walters E M Beebe D J | 2003 | Theriogenology2003，59，： | 1 |
| 19 | Acid-fast bodies in faecal smears stained by the modified Ziebl-Neelsen technique 显示文摘 | Clarke SC McIntyre M | 2001 | Br J Biomed Sci2001，58，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Ischaemic preconditioning inhibits opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores in the reperfused rat heart显示文摘 | Javadov SA Clarke S Das M | 2003 | J Physio12003，549，： | 1 |
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