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| 1 | 针对患者利益的机器学习和人工智能研究:在透明性、可重复性、伦理和有效性等方面的20个关键问题显示文摘机器学习(ML)、人工智能(AI)和其他现代统计方法正为利用先前尚未开发且极速增长的数据资源提供新的机会,以期让患者获益。尽管目前正在进行许多有前景的研究,特别是在图像方面,但就文献整体而言还缺乏透明度、对可重复性清晰的阐述、对潜在伦理问题的探究,以及对有效性的明确验证。这些问题的存在有许多原因,其中最重要的一点(为此我们提供了初步解决方案)就是当前缺乏针对ML和AI的最佳实践指南。我们认为从事研究的跨学科团队和应用ML/AI影响健康的项目,将因解决有关透明度、可重复性、伦理和有效性(TREE)的一系列问题而受益。这里提出的20个关键问题为研究团队提供了一个研究设计、实施和报告框架;帮助编辑和同行评审专家评估文献的贡献;让患者、临床医生和政策制定者评估新发现可能会给患者带来的获益。 | Sebastian Vollmer Bilal A Mateen Gergo Bohner Franz J Kirdly Rayid Ghani Pall Jonsson Sarah Cumbers Adrian Jonas Katherine S L McAllister Puja Myles David Granger Mark Birse Richard Branson Karel G M Moons Gary S Collins John P A Chris Holmes Harry Hemingwayp 李峰(译) 徐磊(校) 赵邑(校) | 2020 | 英国医学杂志中文版2020，23，9： | 5 |
| 2 | A history of high-power laser research and development in the United Kingdom显示文摘The first demonstration of laser action in ruby was made in 1960 by T.H.Maiman of Hughes Research Laboratories,USA.Many laboratories worldwide began the search for lasers using different materials,operating at different wavelengths.In the UK,academia,industry and the central laboratories took up the challenge from the earliest days to develop these systems for a broad range of applications.This historical review looks at the contribution the UK has made to the advancement of the technology,the development of systems and components and their exploitation over the last 60 years. | Colin N.Danson Malcolm White John R.M.Barr Thomas Bett Peter Blyth David Bowley Ceri Brenner Robert J.Collins Neal Croxford A.E.Bucker Dangor Laurence Devereux Peter E.Dyer Anthony Dymoke-Bradshaw Christopher B.Edwards Paul Ewart Allister I.Ferguson John M.Girkin Denis R.Hall David C.Hanna Wayne Harris David I.Hillier Christopher J.Hooker Simon M.Hooker Nicholas Hopps Janet Hull David Hunt Dino A.Jaroszynski Mark Kempenaars Helmut Kessler Sir Peter L.Knight Steve Knight Adrian Knowles Ciaran L.S.Lewis Ken S.Lipton Abby Littlechild John Littlechild Peter Maggs Graeme P.A.Malcolm OBE Stuart P.D.Mangles William Martin Paul McKenna Richard O.Moore Clive Morrison Zulfikar Najmudin David Neely Geoff H.C.New Michael J.Norman Ted Paine Anthony W.Parker Rory R.Penman Geoff J.Pert Chris Pietraszewski Andrew Randewich Nadeem H.Rizvi Nigel Seddon MBE Zheng-Ming Sheng David Slater Roland A.Smith Christopher Spindloe Roy Taylor Gary Thomas John W.G.Tisch Justin S.Wark Colin Webb S.Mark Wiggins Dave Willford Trevor Winstone | 2021 | High Power Laser Science and Engineering2021，9，2： | 5 |
| 3 | Unique microRNA molecular profiles in lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis显示文摘 | Nozomu Yanaihara Natasha Caplen Elise Bowman Masahiro Seike Kensuke Kumamoto Ming Yi Robert M. Stephens Aikou Okamoto Jun Yokota Tadao Tanaka George Adrian Calin Chang-Gong Liu Carlo M. Croce Curtis C. Harris | 2006 | Cancer Cell2006，，3： | 4 |
| 4 | Unique microRNA molecular profiles in lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis显示文摘 | Nozomu Yanaihara Natasha Caplen Elise Bowman Masahiro Seike Kensuke Kumamoto Ming Yi Robert M. Stephens Aikou Okamoto Jun Yokota Tadao Tanaka George Adrian Calin Chang-Gong Liu Carlo M. Croce Curtis C. Harris | 2006 | Cancer Cell2006，，3： | 2 |
| 5 | The Expression and Distribution of the Hypoxia-Inducible Factors HIF-1α and HIF-2α in Normal Human Tissues, Cancers, and Tumor-Associated Macrophages显示文摘 | Katherine L. Talks Helen Turley Kevin C. Gatter Patrick H. Maxwell Christopher W. Pugh Peter J. Ratcliffe Adrian L. Harris | 2000 | The American Journal of Pathology2000，，2： | 2 |
| 6 | The Expression and Distribution of the Hypoxia-Inducible Factors HIF-1α and HIF-2α in Normal Human Tissues, Cancers, and Tumor-Associated Macrophages显示文摘 | Katherine L. Talks Helen Turley Kevin C. Gatter Patrick H. Maxwell Christopher W. Pugh Peter J. Ratcliffe Adrian L. Harris | 2000 | The American Journal of Pathology2000，，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Breast cancer angiogenesis — new approaches to therapy via antiangiogenesis, hypoxic activated drugs, and vascular targeting显示文摘 | Adrian L. Harris Huatang Zhang Amir Moghaddam Steve Fox Prudence Scott Adam Pattison Kevin Gatter Ian Stratford Roy Bicknell | 1996 | Breast Cancer Research and Treatment1996，，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Structure of the Crypto- sporidium parvum microneme:a metabolically and osmotically labile apieomplexan organelle显示文摘 | Harris J R Adrian M Petry F | 2003 | Micron2003，34，： | 1 |
| 9 | bcl-2 and c-erbB-2 proteins are involved in the regulation of VEGF and of thymidine phosphorylase angiogenic activity in non-small-cell lung cancer显示文摘 | Michael I. Koukourakis Alexandra Giatromanolaki Keneth J. O’Byrne Jiles Cox Barbara Krammer Kevin C. Gatter Adrian L. Harris | 1999 | Clinical and Experimental Metastasis1999，，： | 1 |
| 10 | Regulation of tumor pH and the role of carbonic anhydrase 9显示文摘 | Pawel Swietach Richard D. Vaughan-Jones Adrian L. Harris | 2007 | Cancer and Metastasis Reviews2007，，2： | 1 |
| 11 | A Critique and Response to Multicultural Visions of Globalization 显示文摘 | Bharath Sriraman Harry' Adrian | 2008 | Interchange2008，，39： | 1 |
| 12 | Breast cancer angiogenesis — new approaches to therapy via antiangiogenesis, hypoxic activated drugs, and vascular targeting显示文摘 | Adrian L. Harris Huatang Zhang Amir Moghaddam Steve Fox Prudence Scott Adam Pattison Kevin Gatter Ian Stratford Roy Bicknell | 1996 | Breast Cancer Research and Treatment1996，，1： | 1 |
| 13 | High Serum YKL-40 Levels in Patients with Primary Breast Cancer is Related to Short Recurrence Free Survival显示文摘 | Julia S. Johansen Ib J. Christensen Rikke Riisbro Michael Greenall Chen Han Paul A. Price Kenneth Smith Nils Brünner Adrian L. Harris | 2003 | Breast Cancer Research and Treatment2003，，： | 1 |
| 14 | The role of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in planning radiotherapy target volumes for oesophageal cancer显示文摘 | Emma Thomas Adrian Crellin Keith Harris Sarah Swift David Sebag Montefiore | 2004 | Radiotherapy and Oncology2004，，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Upper airway reconstructive surgery long-term quality-of-life outcomes compared with CPAP for adult obstructive sleep apnea显示文摘 | Sam Robinson Michael Chia A. Simon Carney Sharad Chawla Penelope Harris Adrian Esterman | 2009 | Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery2009，，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Reaping the rewards: the potential of well designed methodology, a comment on Vardi et al. ( Journal of Archaeological Science 37 (2010) 1716–1724) and Goodale et al. ( Journal of Archaeological Science 37 (2010) 1192–1201)显示文摘 | W. James Stemp Adrian A. Evans Harry J. Lerner | 2011 | Journal of Archaeological Science2011，，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Getting it right : why bother with patient - centred care? 显示文摘 | Adrian Bauman HJohn Fardy Peter Harris | 2003 | MJA2003，179，1： | 1 |
| 18 | The presence of tumor-infiltrating FOXP3 + lymphocytes correlates with intratumoral angiogenesis in endometrial cancer显示文摘 | Alexandra Giatromanolaki Gaynor J. Bates Michael I. Koukourakis Efthimios Sivridis Kevin C. Gatter Adrian L. Harris Alison H. Banham | 2008 | Gynecologic Oncology2008，，： | 1 |
| 19 | Role of ATF4 in regulation of autophagy and resistance to drugs and hypoxia显示文摘 | Tomasz Rzymski Manuela Milani Dean C. Singleton Adrian L. Harris | 2009 | Cell Cycle2009，，23： | 1 |
| 20 | Drug inhibition of angiogenisis显示文摘 | Madhusudan Srinivasan Harris Adrian | 2002 | Curr Opin Phamacol2002，2，4： | 1 |
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