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| 1 | Current status of diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer in China-Analyses of Chinese Bladder Cancer Consortium database显示文摘Objective:To investigate current status of diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer in China.Methods:A database was generated by Chinese Bladder Cancer Consortium(CBCC).From January 2007 to December 2012,14,260 cases from 44 CBCC centers were included.Data of diagnosis,treatment and pathology were collected.Results:The average age was 63.5 year-old and most patients were male(84.3%).The most common histologic types were urothelial carcinoma(91.4%),adenocarcinoma(1.8%),and squamous carcinoma(1.9%).According to 1973 and 2004 WHO grading system,42.0%,41.0%,and 17.0% of patients were grade 1,2,and 3,and 16.0%,48.7%,and 35.3% of patients were papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential,low,and high grade,respectively.Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)and muscle invasive bladder cancer(MIBC)were 25.2% and 74.1%,respectively(0.8% not clear).Carcinoma in situ was only 2.4%.Most patients were diagnosed by white-light cystoscopy with biopsy(74.3%).Fluorescence and narrow band imaging cystoscopy had additional detection rate of 1.0% and 4.0%,respectively.Diagnostic transurethral resection(TUR)provided detection rate of 16.9%.Most NMIBCs were treated with TUR(89.2%).After initial TUR,2.6%accepted second TUR,and 45.7%,69.9%,and 58.7% accepted immediate,induced,and maintenance chemotherapy instillation,respectively.Most MIBCs were treated with radical cystectomy(RC,59.7%).Laparoscopic RCs were 35.1%,while open RC 63.4%.Extended and standard pelvic lymph node dissection were 7% and 66%,respectively.Three most common urinary diversions were orthotopic neobladder(44%),ileal conduit(31%),and ureterocutaneostomy(23%).Only 2.3% of patients accepted neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and only 18%of T3 and T4 patients accepted adjuvant chemotherapy.Conclusion:Disease characteristics are similar to international reports,while differences of diagnosis and treatment exist.This study can provide evidences for revisions of the guideline on bladder cancer in China. | Kaiwen Li Tianxin Lin 无 Wei Xue Xin Mu Enci Xu Xu Yang Fubao Chen Guangyong Li Lulin Ma Guoliang Wang Chaozhao Liang Haoqiang Shi Ming Li Mao Tang Xueyi Xue Yisong Lv Yaoliang Deng Chengyang Li Zhiwen Chen Xiaozhou Zhou Fengshuo Jin Xudong Liu Jinxin Wei Lei Shi Xin Gou Weiyang He Liqun Zhou Lin Cai Baiye Jin Guanghou Fu Xiangbo Kong Hongyan Sun Ye Tian Lang Feng Tiejun Pan Yiyi Wu Dongwen Wang Hailong Hao Benkang Shi Yaofeng Zhu Qiang Wei Ping Han Changli Wu Dawei Tian Zhangqun Ye Zheng Liu Zhiping Wang Junqiang Tian Lin Qi Minfeng Chen Wei Li Jinchun Qi Gongxian Wang Longlong Fu Zhaolin Sun Guangheng Luo Zhoujun Shen Zhaowei Zhu Jinchun Xing Zhun Wu Dong Wei Xin Chen Yanqun Na Hongfeng Guo Chunxi Wang Zhihua Lu Chuize Kong Yang Liu Jin Yang Jianyun Hu Xin Gao Jielin Li Changjun Yin Pu Li Shan Chen Zhen Du Jiongming Li Yongji Yan Xu Zhang Shuang Huang Fangjian Zhou Zhiling Zhang Yinghao Sun Shuxiong Zeng Song Cen Jiaquan Zhou Hanzhong Li Jin Wen Jian Huang | 2015 | Asian Journal of Urology2015，2，2： | 21 |
| 2 | Nonlinear phenomena of three-dimensional liquid sloshing in microgravity environment显示文摘The dynamic problem of three-dimen- sional liquid sloshing is numerically studied in this paper. The arbitrary Lagrange-Euler (ALE) kinematic description is introduced into the control equations system. The discrete numerical equations of finite element method are developed by Galerkin weighted residual method. The boundary condition about free-surface tension is represented in the form of weak integration that can be computed by our dif- ferential geometry method derived. The normal vec- tor on free surface is calculated by using accurate formula presented in this paper. The numerical computations are performed and the comparison not only between numerical results and analytical results but also between numerical results and experimental results validated the effectiveness of the method. Finally, large amplitude sloshing of three-dimensional liquid in low-gravity environment is simulated and some important nonlinear characteristics are ob- tained. From the numerical results, it is concluded that the character of nonlinear sloshing of the liquid under low-gravity environment is much different from that of the liquid sloshing under normal gravity envi- ronment. | YUE Baozeng WANG Zhaolin | 2006 | Chinese Science Bulletin2006，51，20： | 16 |
| 3 | PM_(2.5) and PM_(10-2.5) chemical composition and source apportionment near a Hong Kong roadway显示文摘Twenty-four-hour PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) samples were collected simultaneously at a highly trafficked roadside site in Hong Kong every sixth day from October 2004 to September 2005.The mass concentrations of PM_(2.5),PM_(10-2.5)(defined as PM_(10)- PM_(2.5)),organic carbon(OC),elemental carbon(EC),water-soluble ions,and up to 25 elements were determined.Investigation of the chemical compositions and potential sources revealed distinct differences between PM_(2.5) and PM_(10-2.5).The annual average mass concentrations were 55.5±25.5 and 25.9±15.7 ug/m^3 for PM_(2.5) and PM_(10-2.5),respectively.EC,OM(OM =OC×1.4),and ammonium sulfate comprised over ~82% of PM_(2.5),accounting for^29%,~27%,and ~25%,respectively,of the PM_(2.5) mass.Low OC/EC ratios(less than 1) for PM_(2.5) suggested that fresh diesel-engine exhaust was a major contributor.Seven sources were resolved for PM_(2.5) by positive matrix factorization(PMF) model,including vehicle emissions(~29%),secondary inorganic aerosols(~27%),waste incinerator/biomass burning(~23%),residual oil combustion(~10%),marine aerosols(~6%),industrial exhaust(~4%),and resuspended road dust(~1%).EC and OM comprised only ~19%of PM_(10-2.5).The average OC/EC ratio of PM_(10-2.5) was 7.8±14.2,suggesting that sources other than vehicular exhaust were important contributors.The sources for PM_(10-2.5) determined by the PMF model included ~20%traffic-generated resuspension(e.g.,tire dust/brake linear/petrol evaporation),~17% locally resuspended road dust,~17% marine aerosols,~12% secondary aerosols/field burning,and ~11%vehicle emissions. | Yan Cheng Shuncheng Lee Zhaolin Gu Kinfai Ho Yunwei Zhang Yu Huang Judith C.Chow John G.Watson Junji Cao Renjian Zhang | 2015 | Particuology2015，13，1： | 14 |
| 4 | EFFECT OF NANOCRYSTALLIZATION ON OXIDATION RESISTANCE OF TiAl INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND显示文摘EFFECTOFNANOCRYSTALLIZATIONONOXIDATIONRESISTANCEOFTiAlINTERMETALLICCOMPOUND①TangZhaolin,WangFuhui,WuWeitaoNationalKeyLaborato... | Tang Zhaolin , Wang Fuhui , Wu Weitao National Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection, Young Scientists Laboratory of Surface Engineering, Institute of Corrosion and Protection of Metals, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110015 | 1997 | 中国有色金属学会会刊:英文版1997，7，2： | 13 |
| 5 | ON NEWMAN-TYPE RATIONAL INTERPOLATION TO |x| AT THE CHEBYSHEV NODES OF THE SECOND KIND显示文摘最近, Brutman 和 Passow 认为 Newman 类型合理插值是 to|x |由对称的节点的任意的集合导致了在[-1,1] 并且给了近似错误的一般评价。由他们的方法,一个人能为一些特殊节点建立近似的准确顺序。在我们考虑插值节点是第二种类型的零个 Chebyshev 多项式并且在这种情况中证明那的特殊情况的现在的纸,近似的准确顺序是 O (1/(n ln n )) 。 | Laiyi Zhu Zhaolin Dong | 2006 | Analysis in Theory and Applications2006，22，3： | 10 |
| 6 | Oncogenic AURKA-enhanced N6-methyladenosine modification increases DROSHA mRNA stability to transactivate STC1 in breast cancer stem-like cells显示文摘RNase III DROSHA is upregulated in multiple cancers and contributes to tumor progression by hitherto unclear mechanisms.Here,we demonstrate that DROSHA interacts withβ-Catenin to transactivate STC1 in an RNA cleavage-independent manner,contributing to breast cancer stem-like cell(BCSC)properties.DROSHA mRNA stability is enhanced by N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)modification which is activated by AURKA in BCSCs.AURKA stabilizes METTL14 by inhibiting its ubiquitylation and degradation to promote DROSHA mRNA methylation.Moreover,binding of AURKA to DROSHA transcript further strengthens the binding of the m^(6)A reader IGF2BP2 to stabilize m^(6)A-modified DROSHA.In addition,wild-type DROSHA,but not an m^(6)A methylation-deficient mutant,enhances BCSC stemness maintenance,while inhibition of DROSHA m^(6)A modification attenuates BCSC traits.Our study unveils the AURKA-induced oncogenic m^(6)A modification as a key regulator of DROSHA in breast cancer and identifies a novel DROSHA transcriptional function in promoting the BCSC phenotype. | Fei Peng Jie Xu Bai Cui Qilan Liang Sai Zeng Bin He Hong Zou Manman Li Huan Zhao Yuting Meng Jin Chen Bing Liu Shasha Lv Peng Chu Fan An Zifeng Wang Junxiu Huang Yajing Zhan Yuwei Liao Jinxin Lu Lingzhi Xu Jin Zhang Zhaolin Su Zhiguang Li Fangjun Wang Eric W-FLam Quentin Liu | 2021 | Cell Research2021，31，3： | 9 |
| 7 | Numerical study of three-dimensional free surface dynamics显示文摘三维的免费表面的动态问题数字地在这篇论文被学习。淡色啤酒(任意的 Lagrange-Euler ) 运动学的描述被介绍进控制方程系统。淡色啤酒描述方法被用来追踪免费表面。为推测免费表面上的正常向量被介绍的精确明确的表达。由有限元素方法的分离数字方程被 Galerkin 加权的剩余方法开发。关于免费表面的紧张的边界条件在弱集成形式被代表能被在现在的纸导出的一个微分几何学方法计算。接触角的效果在数字算法被合并。而且,数字计算被执行,在计算、分析的结果之间的比较验证了方法的有效性。这篇论文的结果提供液体的动力学的理解释放的一个基础表面,表面紧张和接触角边界在调节被考虑。最后,在一只圆柱的集装箱的液体的大规模振幅 sloshing 的数字模拟被执行并且效果的数字分析一环形圆形的僵硬抑制在圆(筒形) 槽的液体 sloshing 摆动上的 baffle 也被执行。 | Baozeng Yue Zhaolin Wang | 2006 | Acta Mechanica Sinica2006，22，2： | 9 |
| 8 | Simulation of Low-Temperature Coal Tar Hydrocracking in Supercritical Gasoline显示文摘The aim of this paper was preliminary design of the process for low-temperature coal tar hydrocracking in supercritical gasoline based on Aspen Plus with the concept of energy self-sustainability.In order to ensure the correctness and accuracy of the simulation,we did the following tasks:selecting reasonable model compounds for low-temperature coal tar;describing the nature of products gasoline and diesel accurately;and confirming the proper property study method for each block by means of experience and trial.The purpose of energy self-sustainability could be possibly achieved,on one hand,by using hot stream to preheat cold stream and achieving temperature control of streams,and on the other hand,by utilizing gas(byproduct of the coal tar hydrocracking)combustion reaction to provide energy.Results showed that the whole process could provide a positive net power of about 609 kW·h for processing the lowtemperature coal tar with a flowrate of 2 268 kg/h.The total heat recovery amounted to 2 229 kW·h,among which 845kW·h was obtained from the gas combustion reaction,and 1 116 kW·h was provided by the reactor’s outlet stream,with the rest furnished by hot streams of the products gasoline,diesel and residue.In addition,the process flow sheet could achieve products separation well,and specifically the purity of product gasoline and diesel reached 97.2%and 100%,respectively. | Zhang Lei Liu Zongkuan Gu Zhaolin | 2013 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2013，15，4： | 8 |
| 9 | Microjet flow control in an ultra-compact serpentine inlet显示文摘Microjets are used to control the internal flow to improve the performance of an ultra-compact serpentine inlet. A highly offset serpentine inlet with length-to-diameter ratio of2.5 is designed and static tests are conducted to analyze the internal flow characteristics in terms of pressure recovery, distortion and flow separation. Flow separation is encountered in the second S-turn, and two strong counter-rotating vortices are formed at the aerodynamic interface plane(AIP) face which occupy a quarter of the outlet area and result in severe pressure loss and distortion. A flow control model employing a row of microjets in the second turn is designed based on the internal flow characteristics and simplified CFD simulations. Flow control tests are conducted to verify the control effectiveness and understand the characteristics as a function of inlet throat Mach number, injection mass flow ratio, jet Mach number and momentum coefficient. At all test Mach numbers, microjet flow control(MFC) effectively improves the recovery and reduces the distortion intensity. Between inlet throat Mach number 0.2 and 0.5, the strong flow separation in the second S-turn is suppressed at an optimum jet flow ratio of less than 0.65%, resulting in a maximum improvement of 4% for pressure recovery coefficient and a maximum decrease of75% for circumferential distortion intensity at cruise. However, in order to suppress the flow separation, the injection rate should retain in an effective range. When the injection rate is higher than this range, the flow is degraded and the distortion contour is changed from 90° circumferential distortion pattern to 180° circumferential distortion pattern. Detailed data analysis shows that this optimum flow ratio depends on inlet throat Mach number and the momentum coefficient affects the control effectiveness in a dual stepping manner. | Da Xingya Fan Zhaolin Fan Jianchao Zeng Liquan Rui Wei Zhou Run | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2015，28，5： | 7 |
| 10 | Reinforcement Learning-Based Joint Task Offloading and Migration Schemes Optimization in Mobility-Aware MEC Network显示文摘Intelligent edge computing carries out edge devices of the Internet of things(Io T) for data collection, calculation and intelligent analysis, so as to proceed data analysis nearby and make feedback timely. Because of the mobility of mobile equipments(MEs), if MEs move among the reach of the small cell networks(SCNs), the offloaded tasks cannot be returned to MEs successfully. As a result, migration incurs additional costs. In this paper, joint task offloading and migration schemes in mobility-aware Mobile Edge Computing(MEC) network based on Reinforcement Learning(RL) are proposed to obtain the maximum system revenue. Firstly, the joint optimization problems of maximizing the total revenue of MEs are put forward, in view of the mobility-aware MEs. Secondly, considering time-varying computation tasks and resource conditions, the mixed integer non-linear programming(MINLP) problem is described as a Markov Decision Process(MDP). Then we propose a novel reinforcement learning-based optimization framework to work out the problem, instead traditional methods. Finally, it is shown that the proposed schemes can obviously raise the total revenue of MEs by giving simulation results. | Dongyu Wang Xinqiao Tian Haoran Cui Zhaolin Liu | 2020 | China Communications2020，17，8： | 7 |
| 11 | Study on Characteristics of Co-firing Ammonia/Methane Fuels under Oxygen Enriched Combustion Conditions显示文摘Having a background of utilising ammonia as an alternative fuel for power generation, exploring the feasibility of co-firing ammonia with methane is proposed to use ammonia to substitute conventional natural gas. However, improvement of the combustion of such fuels can be achieved using conditions that enable an increase of oxygenation, thus fomenting the combustion process of a slower reactive molecule as ammonia. Therefore, the present study looks at oxygen enriched combustion technologies, a proposed concept to improve the performance of ammonia/methane combustion. To investigate the characteristics of ammonia/methane combustion under oxygen enriched conditions, adiabatic burning velocity and burner stabilized laminar flame emissions were studied. Simulation results show that the oxygen enriched method can help to significantly enhance the propagation of ammonia/methane combustion without changing the emission level, which would be quite promising for the design of systems using this fuel for practical applications. Furthermore, to produce low computational-cost flame chemistry for detailed numerical analyses for future combustion studies, three reduced combustion mechanisms of the well-known Konnov's mechanism were compared in ammonia/methane flame simulations under practical gas turbine combustor conditions. Results show that the reduced reaction mechanisms can provide good results for further analyses of oxygen enriched combustion of ammonia/methane. The results obtained in this study also allow gas turbine designers and modellers to choose the most suitable mechanism for further combustion studies and development. | XIAO Hua WANG Zhaolin VALERA-MEDINA Agustin BOWEN Philip J | 2018 | Journal of Thermal Science2018，27，3： | 6 |
| 12 | Applications of membrane distillation technology in energy transformation process-basis and prospect显示文摘Membrane distillation technology is a new type of efficient separation technology that combines traditional distillation technology and membrane separation technology. In the study, applications of membrane distillation technology in thermal engineering and refrigerating engineering with typical energy transformation process were presented. Desorption and regeneration process of saline solution by vacuum membrane distillation was proposed on the basis of the concentration and separation properties of membrane distillation. Membrane distillation technology could be used in lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system, energy storage system, and the regeneration process of liquid desiccant solution in temperature-humidity independent control air-conditioning system. The aim of the applications was to use the low-grade energy such as waste heat, solar energy and geothermal energy adequately and to improve the available temperature difference of heat source. According to latent heat transfer and thermal conduction across the membrane in direct contact membrane distillation process, a novel membrane heat exchanger with both heat transfer and mass transfer processes was proposed. The heat exchanger could be used as the solution heat exchanger of lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system and as the special heat exchanger that recovered heat and pure water simultaneously. Some feasible process flows about the applications of membrane distillation technology to energy transformation process were listed and analyzed. Finally, future research emphases were indicated. | WANG ZanShe GU ZhaoLin FENG ShiYu LI Yun | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，16： | 6 |
| 13 | High-Energy Batteries:Beyond Lithium-Ion and Their Long Road to Commercialisation显示文摘Rechargeable batteries of high energy density and overall performance are becoming a critically important technology in the rapidly changing society of the twenty-first century.While lithium-ion batteries have so far been the dominant choice,numerous emerging applications call for higher capacity,better safety and lower costs while maintaining sufficient cyclability.The design space for potentially better alternatives is extremely large,with numerous new chemistries and architectures being simultaneously explored.These include other insertion ions(e.g.sodium and numerous multivalent ions),conversion electrode materials(e.g.silicon,metallic anodes,halides and chalcogens)and aqueous and solid electrolytes.However,each of these potential“beyond lithium-ion”alternatives faces numerous challenges that often lead to very poor cyclability,especially at the commercial cell level,while lithium-ion batteries continue to improve in performance and decrease in cost.This review examines fundamental principles to rationalise these numerous developments,and in each case,a brief overview is given on the advantages,advances,remaining challenges preventing cell-level implementation and the state-of-the-art of the solutions to these challenges.Finally,research and development results obtained in academia are compared to emerging commercial examples,as a commentary on the current and near-future viability of these“beyond lithium-ion”alternatives. | Yulin Gao Zhenghui Pan Jianguo Sun Zhaolin Liu John Wang | 2022 | Nano-Micro Letters2022，14，6： | 5 |
| 14 | The First Two Imported Cases of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant—Tianjin Municipality,China,December 13,2021显示文摘On December 9,2021,2 international passengers arrived in Tianjin Binhai International Airport from Warsaw,Poland via airplane and tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),which causes coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),using nucleic acid tests.The first case(Patient A)was a flight crew member,a 35-year-old male,who had returned to Warsaw on the same flight on December 10,2021.The second case(Patient B)was a 17-year-old female student,who has been transferred to Haihe Hospital for isolation.Both cases are Polish nationality that had recently lived in Warsaw,Poland.According to the investigation,neither patient had disease symptoms nor medication history.Patient B received the Pfizer/BNT162b2 vaccine on September 27,2021.Patient A was vaccinated on May 25,2021,but no further vaccine information was collected as Patient A had left China.No other infections from this flight have been detected. | Zhaolin Tan Zhixiao Chen Aiping Yu Xiaoyan Li Yenan Feng Xiang Zhao Wenbo Xu Xu Su | 2022 | China CDC weekly2022，4，4： | 5 |
| 15 | Adsorption Thermodynamics and Diffusion Kinetics of PX over Na Y Zeolite Synthesized by In-Situ Crystallization from Kaolin Microsphere显示文摘Para-xylene was chosen as the probe molecule to study adsorption thermodynamics and diffusion kinetics on NaY zeolite and composite structured NaY zeolite synthesized by in-situ crystallization from kaolin microsphere(designated as Na Y/kaolin composites) separately, using a high precision intelligent gravimetric analyzer(IGA). The adsorption isotherms showed normal Langmuir type-Ⅰ behaviors. The increased adsorption heat with an increasing p-xylene coverage supported a mechanism of phase transition, diffusion and re-arrangement of p-xylene molecules during the adsorption process. The rearrangement seemed to be most pronounced at an adsorption loading of 2.13 and 2.29 mmol/g for Na Y zeolite and Na Y/kaolin composites respectively. Compared with Na Y zeolite, a 2—3 times higher in the diffusion coefficient of p-xylene was observed on Na Y/kaolin composites when the pressure was more than 50 Pa. Temperature-programmed desorption(TPD) of p-xylene on two samples from room temperature to 450 ℃ at a special loading has also been investigated by IGA. Results showed only single desorption peak appeared for Na Y zeolite, indicating that adsorption can only occur in the super-cage structure. Comparably, there were two different peaks for in-situ synthesized Na Y zeolite, corresponding to the two thermo desorption processes in both super-cage structure and the channels provided by kaolin, respectively.Key words: | Zhao Hua Song Lijuan Qin Yucai Duan Linhai Sun Zhaolin | 2014 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2014，16，4： | 5 |
| 16 | Novel wavelet neural network algorithm for continuous and noninvasive dynamic estimation of blood pressure from photoplethysmography显示文摘This paper proposes a novel wavelet neural network algorithm for the continuous and noninvasive dynamic estimation of blood pressure(BP). Unlike prior algorithms, the proposed algorithm capitalizes on the correlation between photoplethysmography(PPG) and BP. Complete BP waveforms are reconstructed based on PPG signals to extract systolic blood pressure(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure(DBP). To improve the robustness, Daubechies wavelet is implemented as the hidden layer node function for the neural network. An optimized neural network structure is proposed to reduce the computational complexity. Further, this paper investigates an inhomogeneous resilient backpropagation(IRBP) algorithm to calculate the weight of hidden layer nodes. The IRBP improves the convergence speed and reconstruction accuracy. Multiparameter intelligent monitoring in Intensive Care(MIMIC) databases, which contain a variety of physiological parameters captured from patient monitors, are used to validate this algorithm. The standard deviation σ between reconstructed and actual BP signals is 4.4797 mm Hg, which satisfies the American National Standards of the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation. The reconstructed BP waveform can be used to extract the SBP and DBP, whose standard deviations σ are 2.91 mm Hg and 2.41 mm Hg respectively. | Peng LI Ming LIU Xu ZHANG Xiaohui HU Bo PANG Zhaolin YAO Hongda NHEN | 2016 | Science China(Information Sciences)2016，59，4： | 5 |
| 17 | Multi-function radar emitter identification based on stochastic syntax-directed translation schema显示文摘To cope with the problem of emitter identification caused by the radar words' uncertainty of measured multi-function radar emitters, this paper proposes a new identification method based on stochastic syntax-directed translation schema(SSDTS). This method, which is deduced from the syntactic modeling of multi-function radars, considers the probabilities of radar phrases appearance in different radar modes as well as the probabilities of radar word errors occurrence in different radar phrases. It concludes that the proposed method can not only correct the defective radar words by using the stochastic translation schema, but also identify the real radar phrases and working modes of measured emitters concurrently. Furthermore, a number of simulations are presented to demonstrate the identification capability and adaptability of the SSDTS algorithm.The results show that even under the condition of the defective radar words distorted by noise,the proposed algorithm can infer the phrases, work modes and types of measured emitters correctly. | Liu Haijun Yu Hongqi Sun Zhaolin Diao Jietao | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2014，27，6： | 4 |
| 18 | Methods for large reciprocating compressor capacity control: A review based on pulse signal concept显示文摘Large reciprocating compressors are important equipment used in a wide range of process industries. Most of these compressors have huge power requirements and their capacity often needs to be regulated. Advanced technologies in compressor capacity control are effective approaches for saving large amounts of energy in process industries. This paper reviews the basic theories and the state of the art of the capacity control technologies. In particular, a compressor working procedure is first presented using an analogy to the pulse signal concept. Compressor capacity control methods are classified into pulse frequency modulation and pulse amplitude modulation from a perspective of pulse signal processing. The mechanisms and feasibility of some important methods, including dead volume variable control, partial-stroke and full-stroke suction valve opening, are reviewed. Based on the pulse signal concept, a duty cycle regulation method for capacity control is introduced, and the performance and implementation of the new method are compared with those of the existing suction valve opening methods. The duty cycle regulation method has integrated advantages over the other methods in terms of regulating precision, pressure stability, energy saving and reliability. All the suction valve opening methods can cause gas reflux, resulting in the so-called breathing effect. The breathing effect has negative effects on regulation performance and compressor security, which needs further investigation in the future. | GU ZhaoLin HOU XiongPo WANG ZanShe FENG ShiYu GAO XiuFeng LI Yun | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，19： | 4 |
| 19 | Effects and mechanism of freeze-thawing cycles on the soil N2O fluxes in the temperate semi-arid steppe显示文摘High nitrous oxide(N2O) emissions during freeze-thawing period(FTP) have been observed in many different ecosystems. However, the knowledge about the dynamic of soil N_2O emissions and its main driving mechanism during the freeze-thawing processes in grassland ecosystem is still limited. An in-situ experiment was conducted during the FTP on the sites with 0 and 15% surplus of the average rainfall and two levels of N addition(0,10 g N/(m^2·year)) during growing season(marked as W0N0, W15N0, W0N10, W15N10, respectively) to explore the effects of water and N background on soil N_2O emissions during FTPs and the relationship between soil N_2O emissions and environmental factors. The results indicated that water and N treatments conducted during growing season did not show significant effect on the N_2O effluxes of FTP, but the soil mineral N contents of W0N10 treatment were significantly higher than those of W0N0, W15N0, W15N10treatments(p < 0.05). The soil PLFA concentrations of microbial groups monitored during 2015 spring freeze-thawing period(2015S-FTP) were lower than those during winter freeze-thawing period of 2014(2014W-FTP), while cumulative soil N_2O emissions of 2015S-FTP were higher than those of 2014W-FTP. The correlations between soil N_2O effluxes and most of the measured environmental factors were insignificant, multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that the soil temperature, soil NH_4^+-N content and air temperature were the major environmental factors which significantly influenced the N_2O effluxes during 2014W-FTP, and air temperature and soil water content were the significant influencing factors during 2015S-FTP. | Liqin Wang Yuchun Qi Yunshe Dong qin Peng Shufang Guo Yunlong He Zhaolin Li | 2017 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2017，29，6： | 4 |
| 20 | Simulation of micro-behaviors including nucleation,growth,and aggregation in particle system显示文摘A new method for the solution of population balance equations(PBE) describing the micro-processes such as nucleation,growth,aggregation of particle swarms in a multiphase system is proposed.The method is based on the fixed pivot moment and allows arbitrary number of moments to be tracked si-multaneously.By expressing PBEs for both batch and continuous operations in a general form,and using weighted residual method to derive the moment equations,different moments can be tracked directly.The numerical density function is assumed to be a summation of several weighted Dirac Delta functions,and the integral and derivative terms in PBEs are transformed to a summation in order to reduce computational cost.Simulations of a batch nucleation-growth process and a continuous ag-gregation-growth process have demonstrated good agreement with the corresponding analytical solu-tions,with relative errors less than 108%.Simulation of a combined nucleation-growth-aggregation process,which does not have an analytical solution,is also included,so as to reproduce the mi-cro-behaviors of such a complex system,demonstrating the feasibility and reliability of this method. | GU ZhaoLin SU JunWei JIAO JianYing XU X Yun | 2009 | Science China Chemistry2009，52，2： | 4 |
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