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| 1 | Evaluation of a Direct Rapid Immunohistochemical Test (dRIT) for Rapid Diagnosis of Rabies in Animals and Humans显示文摘Presently the gold standard diagnostic technique for rabies is the direct immunofluorescence assay ( dFA) which is very expensive and requires a high level of expertise. There is a need for more economical and user friendly tests, particularly for use in developing countries. We have established one such test called the direct rapid immunohistochemical test (dRIT) for diagnosis of rabies using brain tissue. The test is based on capture of rabies nucleoprotein (N) antigen in brain smears using a cocktail of biotinylated monoclonal antibodies specific for the N protein and color development by streptavidin peroxidase-amino ethyl carbazole and counter staining with haematoxollin. The test was done in parallel with standard FAT dFA using 400 brain samples from different animals and humans. The rabies virus N protein appears under light microscope as reddish brown particles against a light blue background. There was 100 % correlation between the results obtained by the two tests. Also, interpretation of results by dRIT was easier and only required a light microscope. To conclude, this newly developed dRIT technique promises to be a simple, cost effective diagnostic tool for rabies and will have applicability in field conditions prevalent in developing countries. | Shampur Narayan Madhusudana Sundaramurthy Subha Ullas Thankappan Yajaman Belludi Ashwin | 2012 | Virologica Sinica2012，27，5： | 3 |
| 2 | Anti-bacterial studies on Hemigraphis colorata(Blume) H.G.Hallier and Elephantopus scaber L.显示文摘Objective:To examine the ethanol,aqueous,chloroform,benzene,acetone and petroleum ether extracts of Hemigraphis colorata(H.colorata) leaves and stem and Elephantopus scaber (E.scaber) leaves,root and flower for the presence of phyto-constituents and screened the antibacterial activity against the selected pathogens.Methods:The fresh materials were shade dried and powdered using the tissue blender.The dried and powered materials(50 g) were extracted successively with 200 mL of aqueous,acetone,benzene,chloroform,etganol.and petroleum ether by using Soxhlet extractor for 8 h at a temperature not exceeding the boiling point of the solvent.Aqueous,acetone,benzene,chloroform,ethanol.and petroleum ether extracts were prepared from powdered materials were used for preliminary phytnehemical and antimicrobial studies using standard methods.Results:The crude aqueous,acetone,benzene,chloroform, ethauol.and petroleum ether extracts E.scaber leaves,flower and root and H.colorata leaves and stem demonstrated that out of(5×6×12 = 360) tests for the presence or absence of the above compounds.188 tests gave positive results and the remaining 172 gave negative results. The results of the phvtochemical screening revealed that phenol(12/12).carbohydrates(9/12). steroids(8/12).saponins and coumarins(7/12).tannins(6/12),proteins(5/12).earboxylic acid and flavonoids(4/12).xanthoproteins(3/12) and alkaloids(2/12) presence in the crude aqueous, acetone,benzene,chloroform,ethanol.and petroleum ether extracts of H.colorata leaves and stem.The crude aqueous,acetone,benzene,chloroform,ethanol.and petroleum ether extracts E.scaber leaves,flower and root displayed the presence of phenol(18/18).tannin(17/18). carbohydrates(16/18).steroids(14/18),oarboxylic acid and coumarins(12/18).saponins(10/18), xanthoprotein(9/18).flavonoids(7/18).protein(4/18) and alkaloids(2/18).The root ethanolic extracts of E.scaber illustrated the highest zone of inhibition against three pathogens viz.. Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)(24 mm).Escherichia coli(E.coli)(16 mm) and Psemlomonas aeruginosa {P.aeruginosa)(13 mm).The chlorofrom extracts of E.scaber showed the highest zone of inhibition against Bacillus cereus(B.ceretus)(12 mm).The leaves ethanolic extracts of E.scaber demonstrated the highest zone of inhibition against three pathogens viz.,Enterococcus faecalis (E.faecalis)(18 mm).Proteus mirabilis(P.mirabilis)(17 mm).Salmonella Typhi(S.typhi)(14 mm) and Enterobacter sp.(11 mm) While the benzene extracts of H.colorata demonstrated maximum zone of inhibition against the pathogen Acinetobucter sp.(14 mm) and S.aureus (12 mm).Conclusions:It is hoped that this study would direct to the establishment of some compounds that could be used to invent new and more potent antimicrobial drugs of natural origin. | Vimala Thankappan Anitha Johnson Marimuthu Solomon Jeeva | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2012，5，1： | 2 |
| 3 | Tracheoesophageal puncture site closure with single perforator-based dehopectoral flap 显示文摘 | Balasubramanian D Iyer S Thankappan K | 2013 | Head Neck2013，35，2： | 1 |
| 4 | Peltzman effect and resurgence of COVID-19 in India显示文摘With a daily rise of over 400000 cases,the deadly COVID-19 wave has gripped India with grim milestones.India’s test positivity rate(TPR)was 16%with 1356133 tests[1,2](Figure 1).The number is still steeply climbing and has burdened the already overwhelmed health system.A frightening situation of lack of availability of hospital beds and critical care units has been witnessed in several states in recent days. | Simi Thankappan Sherin Nedumpillil | 2021 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2021，14，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Leaf blight of taro-a review显示文摘 | Thankappan M | 1985 | Journal of Root Crops1985，11，12： | 1 |
| 6 | Lateral arm free flap for oral tongue reconstruction: An analysis of surgical details, morbidity, and functional and aesthetic out- come显示文摘 | Thankappan K Kuriakose MA Chatni SS | 2011 | Ann Plast Surg2011，66，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Leaf blight of taro-a review 显示文摘 | Thankappan M | 1985 | Journal of Root Crops1985，11，12： | 1 |
| 8 | In-vitro antibacterial,antifungal,antioxidant and functional properties of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens显示文摘 | Shine Kadaikunnan Thankappan Sarasam Rejiniemon Jamal M Khaled | 2015 | Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials2015，14，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Lateral arm free flap for oral tongue reconstruction:an analysis of surgical details,morbidity,and functional and aesthetic outcome显示文摘 | Thankappan K Kuriakose MA Chatni SS | 2011 | Ann Plast Surg2011，66，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Tobacco use among medical professionals in Kerala, India: The need for enhanced tobacco cessation and control efforts显示文摘 | Sailesh Mohan A.S. Pradeepkumar C.U. Thresia K.R. Thankappan W.S.C. Poston C.K. Haddock Megan M. Pinkston Myra L. Muramoto Mimi Nichter Mark Nichter Harry A. Lando | 2006 | Addictive Behaviors2006，，12： | 1 |
| 11 | Preparation of a genomic library using a TA vector显示文摘 | Kawata Y Yano S Thankappan AK | 1999 | Prep Biochem Biotechnol1999，29，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Cricotracheal reconstruction with free radial forearm flap and titanium mesh显示文摘 | Balasubramanian D Thankappan K Shetty S | 2013 | Head Neck2013，35，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Traeheoesopha- geal puncture site closure with single perforator-based delto- pectoral flap 显示文摘 | Balasubramanian D Iyer S Thankappan K | 2013 | Head Neck2013，35，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Lateral arm free flap for oral tongue reconstruction:an analysis of surgical details,morbidity,and functional and aesthetic outcome显示文摘 | THANKAPPAN K KURIAKOSE M A CHATNI S S | 2011 | Ann Plast Surg2011，66，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Silica–tin nanotubes prepared from rice husk ash by sol–gel method: characterization and its photocatalytic activity 显示文摘 | ADAM F APPATURI J N THANKAPPAN R | 2010 | Appl Surf Sci2010，257，81： | 1 |
| 16 | A physics-based atmospheric and BRDF correction for Landsat data over mountainous terrain显示文摘 | Fuqin Li David L.B. Jupp Medhavy Thankappan Leo Lymburner Norman Mueller Adam Lewis Alex Held | 2012 | Remote Sensing of Environment2012，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Pro- peller flaps in the closure of free fibula flap donor site skin defects显示文摘 | Sharma M Balasubramanian D Thankappan K | 2013 | Ann Plast Surg2013，71，： | 1 |
| 18 | Comparison of effect of gamma ray irradia- tion on wild-type and N-terminal mutants of alphaA-crystallin 显示文摘 | RAMKUMAR S5FUJII N1FUJII N THANKAPPAN B SAKAUE H INGU K | 2014 | Mol Vis2014，20，7： | 1 |
| 19 | Challenges in the re- construction of bilateral maxillectomy defects 显示文摘 | Joseph ST Thankappan K Buggaveeti R | 2015 | J Oral Maxillofac Surg2015，73，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Defect components and re- constructive options in composite orbitomaxilla'y defects with obital exenteration显示文摘 | Joseph ST Thankappan K Mathew J | 2014 | J Oral Maxillofac Surg2014，72，18： | 1 |
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