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| 1 | Abdominal applications of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging: Where do we stand?显示文摘Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is one of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences providing qualitative as well as quantitative information at a cellular level. It has been widely used for various applications in the central nervous system. Over the past decade, various extracranial applications of DWI have been increasingly explored, as it may detect changes even before signal alterations or morphological abnormalities become apparent on other pulse sequences. Initial results from abdominal MRI applications are promising, particularly in oncological settings and for the detection of abscesses. The purpose of this article is to describe the clinically relevant basic concepts of DWI, techniques to perform abdominal DWI, its analysis and applications in abdominal visceral MR imaging, in addition to a brief overview of whole body DWI MRI. | Ajaykumar C Morani Khaled M Elsayes Peter S Liu William J Weadock Janio Szklaruk Jonathan Russell Dillman Asra Khan Thomas L Chenevert Hero K Hussain | 2013 | World Journal of Radiology2013，5，3： | 12 |
| 2 | Randomized trial in malignant biliary obstruction:Plastic vs partially covered metal stents显示文摘AIM:To compare efficacy and complications of par-tially covered self-expandable metal stent(pcSEMS)to plastic stent(PS)in patients treated for malignant,infrahilar biliary obstruction.METHODS:Multicenter prospective randomized clinical trial with treatment allocation to a pcWallstent(SEMS)or a 10 French PS.Palliative patients aged≥18,for infrahilar malignant biliary obstruction and a Karnofsky performance scale index>60%from 6 participating North American university centers.Primary endpoint was time to stent failure,with secondary outcomes of death,adverse events,Karnofsky performance score and short-form-36 scale administered on a three-monthly basis for up to 2 years.Survival analyses were performed for stent failure and death,with Cox proportional hazards regression models to determine significant predictive characteristics.RESULTS:Eighty-five patients were accrued over 37mo,42 were randomized to the SEMS group and 83patients were available for analyses.Time to stent failure was 385.3±52.5 d in the SEMS and 153.3±19.8 d in the PS group,P=0.006.Time to death did not differ between groups(192.3±23.4 d for SEMS vs211.5±28.0 d for PS,P=0.70).The only significant predictor was treatment allocation,relating to the time to stent failure(P=0.01).Amongst other measured outcomes,only cholangitis differed,being more common in the PS group(4.9%vs 24.5%,P=0.029).The small number of patients in follow-up limits longitudinal assessments of performance and quality of life.From an initially planned 120 patients,only 85 patients were recruited.CONCLUSION:Partially covered SEMS result in a longer duration till stent failure without increased complication rates,yet without accompanying measurable benefits in survival,performance,or quality of life. | Peter L Moses Khalid M AlNaamani Alan N Barkun Stuart R Gordon Roger D Mitty M Stanley Branch Thomas E Kowalski Myriam Martel Viviane Adam | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，46： | 6 |
| 3 | Efficacy and safety of liquid nitrogen cryotherapy for treatment of Barrett's esophagus显示文摘AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of liquid nitrogen cryotherapy as a primary or rescue treatment for BE,with and without dysplasia,or intramucosal adenocarcinoma (IMC).METHODS This was a retrospective,single-center study carried out in a tertiary care center including 45 patients with BE who was treatment-na?ve or who had persistent intestinal metaplasia(IM),dysplasia,or IMC despite prior therapy.Barrett's mucosa was resected via EMR when clinically appropriate,then patients underwent cryotherapy until eradication or until deemed to have failed treatment.Surveillance biopsies were taken at standard intervals.RESULTS From 2010 through 2014,33 patients were studied regarding the efficacy of cryotherapy.Overall,29 patients (88%) responded to cryotherapy,with 84% having complete regression of all dysplasia and cancer.Complete eradication of cancer and dysplasia was seen in 75% of subjects with IMC; the remaining two subjects did not respond to cryotherapy.Following cryotherapy,15 patients with high-grade dysplasia (HGD) had 30% complete regression,50% IM,and 7% low-grade dysplasia (LGD); one subject had persistent HGD.Complete eradication of dysplasia occurred in all 5 patients with LGD.In 5 patients with IM,complete regression occurred in 4,and IM persisted in one.In 136 cryotherapy sessions amongst 45 patients,adverse events included chest pain (1%),stricture (4%),and one gastrointestinal bleed in a patient on dual antiplatelet therapy who had previously undergone EMR.CONCLUSION Cryotherapy is an efficacious and safe treatment modality for Barrett's esophagus with and without dysplasia or intramucosal adenocarcinoma. | Kristen Suchniak-Mussari Charles E Dye Matthew T Moyer Abraham Mathew Thomas J McGarrity Eileen M Gagliardi Jennifer L Maranki John M Levenick | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2017，9，9： | 4 |
| 4 | Sentinel-lymph-node resection compared with conventional axillary-lymph-node dissection in clinically node-negative patients with breast cancer: overall survival findings from the NSABP B-32 randomised phase 3 trial显示文摘 | David N Krag Stewart J Anderson Thomas B Julian Ann M Brown Seth P Harlow Joseph P Costantino Takamaru Ashikaga Donald L Weaver Eleftherios P Mamounas Lynne M Jalovec Thomas G Frazier R Dirk Noyes André Robidoux Hugh MC Scarth Norman Wolmark | 2010 | Lancet Oncology2010，，10： | 3 |
| 5 | Changes in the colon microbiota and intestinal cytokine gene expression following minimal intestinal surgery显示文摘AIM: To investigate the impact of minor abdominal surgery on the caecal microbial population and on markers of gut inflammation.METHODS: Four week old piglets were randomly allocated to a no-surgery 'control' group(n = 6) or a 'transection surgery' group(n = 5).During the transection surgery procedure, a conventional midline incision of the lower abdominal wall was made and the small intestine was transected at a site 225 cm proximal to the ileocaecal valve, a 2 cm segment was removed and the intestine was re-anastomosed.Piglets received a polymeric infant formula diet throughout the study period and were sacrificed at two weeks post-surgery.Clinical outcomes including weight, stool consistency and presence of stool fat globules were monitored.High throughput DNA sequencing of colonic content was used to detect surgery-relateddisturbances in microbial composition at phylum, family and genus level.Diversity and richness estimates were calculated for the control and minor surgery groups.As disturbances in the gut microbial community are linked to inflammation we compared the gene expression of key inflammatory cytokines(TNF, IL1 B, IL18, IL12, IL8, IL6 and IL10) in ileum, terminal ileum and colon mucosal extracts obtained from control and abdominal surgery groups at two weeks post-surgery.RESULTS: Changes in the relative abundance of bacterial species at family and genus level were confined to bacterial members of the Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes phyla.Family level compositional shifts included a reduction in the relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae(22.95 ± 5.27 vs 2.07 ± 0.72, P < 0.01), Bacteroidaceae(2.54 ± 0.56 vs 0.86 ± 0.43, P < 0.05) and Rhodospirillaceae(0.40 ± 0.14 vs 0.00 ± 0.00, P < 0.05) following transection surgery.Similarly, at the genus level, changes associated with transection surgery were restricted to members of the Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes phyla and included decreased relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae(29.20 ± 6.74 vs 2.88 ± 1.08, P < 0.01), Alistipes(4.82 ± 1.73 vs 0.18 ± 0.13, P < 0.05) and Thalassospira(0.53 ± 0.19 vs 0.00 ± 0.00, P < 0.05).Surgeryassociated microbial dysbiosis was accompanied by increased gene expression of markers of inflammation.Within the ileum IL6 expression was decreased(4.46 ± 1.60 vs 0.24 ± 0.06, P < 0.05) following transection surgery.In the terminal ileum, gene expression of TNF was decreased(1.51 ± 0.13 vs 0.80 ± 0.16, P < 0.01) and IL18(1.21 ± 0.18 vs 2.13 ± 0.24, P < 0.01), IL12(1.04 ± 0.16 vs 1.82 ± 0.32, P < 0.05) and IL10(1.04 ± 0.06 vs 1.43 ± 0.09, P < 0.01) gene expression increased following transection surgery.Within the colon, IL12(0.72 ± 0.13 vs 1.78 ± 0.28, P < 0.01) and IL10(0.98 ± 0.02 vs 1.95 ± 0.14, P < 0.01) gene expression were increased following transection surgery.CONCLUSION: This study suggests that minor abdominal surgery in infants, results in long-term alteration of the colonic microbial composition and persistent gastrointestinal inflammation. | Susan Lapthorne Julie E Bines Fiona Fouhy Nicole L Dellios Guineva Wilson Sarah L Thomas Michelle Scurr Catherine Stanton Paul D Cotter Prue M Pereira-Fantini | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，14： | 3 |
| 6 | Diagnostic accuracy of tests for Helicobacter pylori in an Alaska Native population显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the accuracy of two non-invasivetests in a population of Alaska Native persons. Highrates of Helico bacter pylori(H. pylori) infection,H. pylori treatment failure,and gastric cancer in this population necessitate documentation of infection status atmultiple time points over a patient's life.METHODS:In 280 patients undergoing endoscopy,H. pylori was diagnosed by culture,histology,rapidurease test,13C urea breath test(UBT) ,and immuno-globulin G antibodies to H. pylori in serum. The performances of 13C-UBT and antibody test were compared to a gold standard defined by a positive H. pylori testby culture or,in case of a negative culture result,bypositive histology and a positive rapid urease test.RESULTS:The sensitivity and specificity of the 13C-UBT were 93% and 88%,respectively,relative to thegold standard. The antibody test had an equivalents ensitivity of 93% with a reduced specificity of 68%.The false positive results for the antibody test were as-sociated with previous treatment for an H. pylori infection [relative risk(RR) = 2.8]. High levels of antibodiesto H. pylori were associated with chronic gastritis and male gender,while high scores in the 13C-UBT testwere associated with older age and with the H. pyloribacteria load on histological examination(RR = 4.4) .CONCLUSION:The 13C-UBT out performed the anti-body test for H. pylori and could be used when a non-invasive test is clinically necessary to document treatment out come or when monitoring for reinfection. | Dana L Bruden Michael G Bruce Karen M Miernyk Julie Morris Debby Hurlburt Thomas W Hennessy Helen Peters Frank Sacco Alan J Parkinson Brian J McMahon | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，42： | 3 |
| 7 | Long-term outcomes of autoimmune pancreatitis: a multicentre, international analysis显示文摘 | Phil A Hart Terumi Kamisawa William R Brugge Jae Bock Chung Emma L Culver László Czakó Luca Frulloni Vay Liang W Go Thomas M Gress Myung-Hwan Kim Shigeyuki Kawa Kyu Taek Lee Markus M Lerch Wei-Chih Liao Matthias L?hr Kazuichi Okazaki Ji Kon Ryu Nicolas Sc | 2013 | Gut2013，，12： | 2 |
| 8 | Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of neoplastic progression in Barrett’s oesophagus: a prospective study显示文摘 | Thomas L Vaughan Linda M Dong Patricia L Blount Kamran Ayub Robert D Odze Carissa A Sanchez Peter S Rabinovitch Brian J Reid | 2005 | Lancet Oncology2005，，12： | 2 |
| 9 | Technical outcomes of sentinel-lymph-node resection and conventional axillary-lymph-node dissection in patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer: results from the NSABP B-32 randomised phase III trial显示文摘 | David N Krag Stewart J Anderson Thomas B Julian Ann M Brown Seth P Harlow Takamaru Ashikaga Donald L Weaver Barbara J Miller Lynne M Jalovec Thomas G Frazier R Dirk Noyes André Robidoux Hugh MC Scarth Denise M Mammolito David R McCready Eleftherios P Mamo | 2007 | Lancet Oncology2007，，10： | 2 |
| 10 | A new laboratory EUV reflectometer for large optics using a laser plasma source显示文摘 | LUDWING V L THOMAS B HERMANN M | 2003 | SPIE2003，5038，： | 2 |
| 11 | 妇人,母猪,雌性大白鼠食用大豆后,尿中大豆异黄酮代谢物成份的比较(英文)显示文摘目的 :研究妇人 ,母猪 ,雌性大白鼠食用后 ,尿中大豆异黄酮代谢物成份的比较。方法 :妇人食用大豆食品或以含大豆饲料喂食母猪 ,雌性大白鼠后 ,收集尿液 ,以液质联用分析仪分析尿液中大豆异黄酮代谢物的种类及含量。结果 :在尿液样品中检测出大豆异黄酮及其糖苷酸代谢物。在大白鼠尿液中的大豆异黄酮代谢物主要为 7 4’ 异黄烷二醇葡萄糖苷酸 (equolglucuronideconjugate) ,其次为 7,5 ,4’ 三羟基异黄酮糖苷酸 (genisteinglucuronideconjugate)及 7,4’ 二羟基异黄酮糖苷酸 (daidzeinglucuronideconjugate)。在妇人尿液中大豆异黄酮糖苷酸代谢物超过 90 % ,在母猪尿液中大豆异黄酮糖苷酸代谢物介于 80 .5 %~ 84 .5 %之间。在雌性大白鼠尿液中大豆异黄酮糖苷酸代谢物约有 5 0 %的大豆异黄酮糖苷酸代谢物。结论 :7 4’ 异黄烷二醇为大白鼠尿液中的主要大豆异黄酮代谢物。 | 张淳文 PRIOR Ronold L BADGER Thomas M | 2004 | Journal of Nanjing Medical University2004，18，2： | 2 |
| 12 | Effective primary isolation of wild-type canine distemper virus in MDCK,MV1 Lu and Vero cells without nucleotide sequence changes within the entire haemagglutinin protein gene and in subgenomic sections of the fusion and phospho protein genes显示文摘 | John A L Thomas P M Michael J K | 2004 | Virology2004，118，： | 1 |
| 13 | Solube urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor inhibits cancer cell growth and invasion by direct urokinase dependent effects on cell signaling显示文摘 | Jo M Thomas KS Wu L | 2003 | J Biol Chem2003，278，46： | 1 |
| 14 | Non-structural Fuzzy Decision Support System for Evaluation of Construction Safety Management System显示文摘 | Tam C M Tong Thomas K L Chiu Gerald C W Fung Ivan W H | 2002 | International Journal of Project Management2002，，20： | 1 |
| 15 | Regulation of epidermal apoptosis and DNA repair by E2F1 in response to ultraviolet B radiation显示文摘 | THOMAS R B DAVID L M GUO R F | 2005 | Oncogene2005，24，15： | 1 |
| 16 | Genetic variation in IL28B and spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus 显示文摘 | Thomas D L Thio C L Martin M P | 2009 | Nature2009，461，： | 1 |
| 17 | Metal concentrations inedible mushrooms following municipal sludge application on forestland显示文摘 | Benbrahim M Denaix L Thomas A L | 2006 | Environmental Pollution2006，144，： | 1 |
| 18 | Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Children 5 Years After Conjugate Vaccine Introduction - Eight States, 1998-2005显示文摘 | Reingold A Hadler J Farley M M Harrison L Lynfield R Lexau C Bennett N Thomas A Craig A S Smith P J Beall B Whitney C G Moore M Pilishvili T | 2008 | MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report2008，，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Robust analysis of the yeast proteome under 50 kDa by molecular-massbased fractionation and top-down mass spectrometry显示文摘 | Kellie J F Catherman A D Durbin K R Tran J C Tipton J D Norris J L Witkowski C E 2nd Thomas P M Kelleher N L | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 20 | Group contribution analysis of damping behavior of homopolymers, statistical eopolymers, and interpenetrating polymer networks based on acrylic, vinyl and styrenic mers显示文摘 | CHANG M (' THOMAS D A SPERLING L H | 1988 | J Appl Sei Part B: Polym Phys1988，26，： | 1 |
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