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| 1 | 眼内晚期视网膜母细胞瘤静脉化学治疗失败后行眼动脉介入化学治疗的疗效观察显示文摘目的观察眼动脉介入化学药物治疗(化疗)对静脉化疗失败的眼内晚期视网膜母细胞瘤(RB)的疗效。方法经静脉化疗失败后再行眼动脉介入化疗的眼内晚期RB患儿13例15只眼纳入研究。其中,男性10例,女性3例。平均年龄(15.67±8.16)个月。双眼6例,单眼7例。右眼5只,左眼10只。国际RB分期D期14只眼,占93.33%;E期1只眼,占6.67%。所有患眼均采用长春新碱、依托泊苷和卡铂3药联合的静脉化疗。持续2~8个疗程。静脉化疗后原发视网膜瘤体初步控制后复发3只眼,占20.00%;视网膜下种植灶广泛复发9只眼,占60.00%;玻璃体种植复发2只眼,占13.33%;原发视网膜实性瘤体未能有效控制1只眼,占6.67%。根据患儿年龄、体重和病情选择米尔法兰、拓扑替康和卡铂等药物行眼动脉介入化疗。静脉化疗结束至眼动脉介入化疗开始的时间间隔中位数为3个月。治疗1~5个疗程。治疗结束后随访时间为3~52个月,中位数19个月。观察瘤体控制情况。结果15只眼中,视网膜瘤体稳定、无有活性的视网膜下或玻璃体种植12只眼,占80.00%;因严重玻璃体种植、广泛视网膜下种植和视网膜瘤体复发导致病情未能有效控制,最终行眼球摘除手术3只眼,占20.00%。无1例发生眼眶或全身转移。结论眼动脉介入化疗对静脉化疗失败的眼内晚期RB有比较好的疗效,保眼率为80.00%。 | 季迅达 李家恺 赵军阳 张靖 华续明 Carol L. Shields 赵培泉 | 2015 | 中华眼底病杂志2015，31，6： | 15 |
| 2 | Surgical decompression in acute spinal cord injury: A review of clinical evidence, animal model studies, and potential future directions of investigation显示文摘为在尖锐针的绳索损害(SCI ) 的治疗的目标是减少第二等的损坏的程度并且便于神经新生和功能的恢复。尽管多重研究为尖锐 SCI 的治疗调查了潜在的新治疗,结果和管理协议在病人在改善瞄准了神经损害仍然保持无效。更最近的临床、基本的科学研究显示了外科的干预是为治疗的一种潜在地珍贵的形式;然而,角色并且外科的解压缩预定除了最佳的外科的干预,仍然是与尖锐 SCI 的外科的治疗相关的最争论的话题之一。当越来越多的潜在的治疗形式出现,动物模型为调查它的临床的申请和翻译进人的审判是枢轴的。这评论极其估价可得到的文学让临床、基本的科学研究加亮调查的程度考虑的那发生的、特定的治疗,和为未来研究的潜在的区域。 | Yiping LI Chandler L. WALKER Yi Ping ZHANG Christopher B. SHIELDS Xiao-Ming XU | 2014 | Frontiers in Biology2014，9，2： | 14 |
| 3 | 贵州遵义牛蹄塘组黑色岩系有机质的稀土元素地球化学研究显示文摘以贵州遵义寒武纪初牛蹄塘组黑色岩系的有机质为分析对象,对22个样品的稀土元素(REE)组成进行了研究,结果表明:①有机质的ΣREE占全岩ΣREE的10%左右,且其REE标准化配分曲线不同于全岩的。由于有机质主要来自海洋上层水体中的微生物,因而可以认为其REE特征代表的是古海洋上层水体的稀土元素组成特征;②有机质的REE总量变化于11.6×10&-6-548×10&-6之间,Ce异常系数变化于0.40-0.92之间,Eu异常系数变化于0.59-1.14之间。有机质的Ce异常系数和LaN/CeN值在剖面上显示明显的变化,指示研究区经历了大陆斜坡到大洋盆地再到大陆边缘的环境,指示在寒武纪初存在一次海侵。 | 皮道会 刘丛强 邓海琳 Graham Shields | 2008 | 矿物学报2008，28，3： | 13 |
| 4 | Cyclooxygenase-2 plays a central role in the genesis of pancreatitis and associated lung injury显示文摘BACKGROUND: The exact mechanism by which cyclooxy- genase-2 (COX-2) promotes inflammation in pancreatitis in obscure. This study was undertaken to investigate the role of COX-2 inhibition in an animal model of pancreati- tis , a disease process characterized by a systemic inflamma- tory response and ensuing neutrophil-mediated lung injury. METHODS: Pancreatitis was induced in 24 Sprague-Daw- ley rats by intraperitoneal injection of 20% L-arginine (500 mg/100 g body weight). The animals were randomized into 3 groups (8 rats in each group); controls and rats with pancreatitis intravenously resuscitated with either normal saline (0.9% NaCl 3 ml/kg) at 24 and 48 hours or COX-2 inhibitor (parecoxib 1 mg/kg). Pancreatic and lung inju- ries were assessed histologically. Lung injury was assessed utilizing wet;dry ratio and myeloperoxidase activity to in- dicate pulmonary neutrophil infiltration. A Western blot was used to determine COX-2 protein expression in pancrea- tic tissue. RESULTS: The animals treated with COX-2 inhibitors dis- played significantly less pancreatic and lung injuries than their normal saline counterparts. Histological pancreatic and lung injury scores were significantly reduced (P <0.05) in the COX-2 treated group. Lung wet: dry ratios were sig- nificantly improved and pulmonary neutrophil infiltration was attenuated in the COX-2 group (P<0.05). Western blot analysis confirmed attenuated COX-2 protein expression. CONCLUSION: This study shows, for the first time in a rat model, that adjuvant COX-2 inhibition significandy attenu- ates the severity of both pancreatitis and its associated sys- temic inflammatory response and end-organ injury. | Gavin O'Brien Conor J Shields Desmond C Winter John P Dillon | 2005 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2005，4，1： | 12 |
| 5 | 海产甲壳类血卵涡鞭虫病研究进展显示文摘血卵涡鞭虫是导致海产甲壳类疾病的主要寄生虫病原之一,国内迄今尚未见相关报道。本文结合作者近年来对海水养殖甲壳类病害的研究结果,较系统地综述了国外甲壳类寄生血卵涡鞭虫的研究进展,包括分类地位、生活史、传播途径、流行病学、组织病理以及诊断方法,并提出了相应的防治措施,旨在为中国海水养殖蟹类血卵涡鞭虫病害的研究与防治提供参考。 | 许文军 徐汉祥 Jeff Shield 施慧 史海东 | 2007 | 中国水产科学2007，14，4： | 12 |
| 6 | 吸烟肺癌患者口腔黏膜细胞全线粒体DNA获得性突变分析 吸烟/口腔黏膜获得性突变与康复预防显示文摘目的了解肺癌患者口腔黏膜mtDNA获得性突变情况,探讨肺癌外细胞的线粒体基因突变与肺癌的关系和作为对肺癌预测的生物学指标的可能性。方法利用时相温度梯度凝胶电泳法对12例肺癌患者(吸烟者10例,非吸烟者2例)口腔黏膜细胞及匹配的血液细胞线粒体DNA进行突变筛选,然后进行测序分析。结果在大部分吸烟患者中(8/9),发现口腔黏膜具有两个以上的获得性突变,而在两个非吸烟的患者仅发现1个突变。在11例(11/12,92%)患者中共发现有26个获得性突变,15个突变发生在高变的D环区(58%),11个在mRNA区(42%)。除303~309位点具有长度不稳定外,未见其他微卫星不稳定和5kb的大范围缺失突变。结论吸烟的肺癌患者口腔黏膜细胞线粒体DNA具有高发生频率的获得性突变。 | 刘玲玲 谭端军 赵玉生 施伟伟 Peter Shields Lee-Jun C Wong | 2003 | 中国临床康复2003，7，15： | 10 |
| 7 | 视网膜母细胞瘤治疗的新概念显示文摘治疗视网膜母细胞瘤多年来最常用的方法是眼球摘除,单眼患儿摘除患眼,双眼患儿摘除较严重的一眼。随着保守疗法的巧妙发挥,现在患眼常可挽救,且保留有用视力。为强调这种趋势,根据治疗324例的经验,介绍现行的方法,概述治疗的指征,指出有关眼球摘除、光凝、冷冻和放射疗法对治疗本病所起作用的许多错误观念,简述一些与视网膜母细胞瘤遗传学有关的最新发现,认为这些研究途径可改进对该病的治疗。 | Jerry A Shields 吴中耀 | 1990 | 国外医学(眼科学分册)1990，14，6： | 7 |
| 8 | SEDIMENT RETENTION AND WATER QUALITY ENHANCEMENT IN DISTURBED WATERSHEDS`显示文摘Globally, water quality and quantity issues are alarming. Water quality problems generally result from past and present large-scale land uses. Continuing deterioration of water quality and use/reuse issues place the responsibility on agriculture for water quality improvement. Research on agricultural management practices in the United States shows that production agriculture can use measures that improve water quality.Instream suspended sediments and bedload are, by volume, the largest category of pollutant, sediments also carry many compounds that adhere to them in transport. Thus, reducing sediments must play a major role in improving water quality. Innovative management practices can reduce sediments and nutrients by 70 percent or more. If broadly applied, agricultural management and stream stabilization practices can significantly reduce non-point source contamination and have the extra benefit of improving terrestrial and aquatic habitat. | C. M. Cooper(Supervisory Ecologist, USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory, Oxford, Mississippi, USA.)F. D. Shields, Jr(Research Hydraulic Engineer, USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory, Oxford, Mississippi, USA.)S. Testa, Ⅲ (Biologist Ⅲ, USDA | 2000 | International Journal of Sediment Research2000，15，1： | 6 |
| 9 | ELISA快速测定小麦中硫丹及硫丹硫酸酯显示文摘研究应用酶联免疫方法,快速检测小麦中硫丹及硫丹硫酸酯。小麦经80%甲醇提取后,用PBS/T缓冲液稀释5倍后,酶联免疫方法直接测定。方法平均回收率为73.3%~88.8%,线性范围1.5μg/L^25μg/L,最低检测限0.4μg/L,变异系数<10.03%。经气相色谱/质谱联用方法验证,灵敏度、重现线和准确度均符合快速检测要求。该法具有快速、简便、低耗、易操作等特点。 | 吕潇 聂燕 陈子雷 黎秀卿 李慧冬 李瑞菊 张红 万春燕 朱端卫 Lee Nanju A Shields Ross Kennedy Ivan R | 2006 | 中国粮油学报2006，21，5： | 6 |
| 10 | Genetic Improvement of Willow for Bioenergy and Biofuels显示文摘Willows (Salix spp.) are a very diverse group of catkin-bearing trees and shrubs that are widely distributed across temperate regions of the globe.Some species respond well to being grown in short rotation coppice (SRC) cycles,which are much shorter than conventional forestry.Coppicing reinvigorates growth and the biomass rapidly accumulated can be used as a source of renewable carbon for bioenergy and biofuels.As SRC willows re-distribute nutrients during the perennial cycle they require only minimal nitrogen fertilizer for growth.This results in fuel chains with potentially high greenhouse gas reductions.To exploit their potential for renewable energy,willows need to be kept free of pests and diseases and yields need to be improved without significantly increasing the requirements for fertilizers and water.The biomass composition needs to be optimized for different end-uses.Yields also need to be sustainable on land less productive for food crops to reduce conflicts over land use.Advances in understanding the physiology and growth of willow,and in the identification of genes underlying key traits,are now at the stage where they can start to be used in breeding programs to help achieve these goals. | Angela Karp Steve J.Hanley Sviatlana O.Trybush William Macalpine Ian Shield | 2011 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2011，53，2： | 5 |
| 11 | 爱尔兰海洋经济和资源显示文摘什么是爱尔兰?
这或许是个奇怪的问题。目前还很少有人认为爱尔兰是一个海洋国家。如果有人认为爱尔兰由9万平方公里的陆域面积和90万平方公里的海域面积组成,就更加稀奇了。 | Y Shields J O’Cornor J O’Leary 周怡圃 王占坤 羊志洪 | 2010 | 经济资料译丛2010，，1： | 4 |
| 12 | Personalized chemotherapy in clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urethra:A case report显示文摘BACKGROUND Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urethra is a rare type of aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis.Clear cell carcinoma of the urethra represents less than 0.02%of all malignancies in women.Adenocarcinomas account for 10%of female urethral carcinomas,of which 40%are the clear cell variant.Determining the presence or absence of certain mutations through genetic testing may predict whether a patient with cancer may benefit from a particular chemotherapy regimen.CASE SUMMARY A 40-year-old woman presented with a 3-year history of slow urinary flow and a 3-mo history of urinary urgency and frequency as well as gross hematuria.An abdominal and pelvic computed tomography scan demonstrated enlarged lymph nodes in the abdomen and pelvis.A biopsy of a left inguinal lymph node microscopically confirmed a metastatic adenocarcinoma of the urethra.Specialized genetic testing determined personalized chemotherapy.She was treated successfully with a non-platinum-based chemotherapy consisting of paclitaxel and bevacizumab.Following 3 cycles of paclitaxel and bevacizumab,she attained significant clinical improvement,and response by FDG-Positron emission tomography(PET)imaging showed a definite improvement in size and metabolic activity.She achieved complete response after 6 cycles of therapy by PET scan.The patient concluded 11 cycles of paclitaxel and bevacizumab,and a subsequent PET scan confirmed progression of metastatic disease.The patient was then treated with two cycles of doxorubicin after which a PET scan revealed a mixed response to the treatment.CONCLUSION We report the first case of a patient with metastatic clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urethra who underwent personalized chemotherapy after testing for cancer gene alterations.Our unique case represents the safe and effective use of nonplatinum-based chemotherapy in clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urethra. | Lisa B E Shields Arash Rezazadeh Kalebasty | 2020 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2020，11，4： | 3 |
| 13 | Impact of Preoperative Ureteral Stenting on Outcome of Ureteroscopic Treatment for Urinary Lithiasis显示文摘 | John M. Shields Vincent G. Bird Reid Graves Orlando Gómez-Marín | 2009 | The Journal of Urology2009，，6： | 3 |
| 14 | Global burden of alcoholic liver diseases<!-- Doctopic: Review -->显示文摘 | Jürgen Rehm Andriy V. Samokhvalov Kevin D. Shield | 2013 | Journal of Hepatology2013，，1： | 2 |
| 15 | A systematic review of the epidemiology of unrecorded alcohol consumption and the chemical composition of unrecorded alcohol显示文摘 | Jürgen Rehm Shalini Kailasapillai Elisabeth Larsen Maximilien X. Rehm Andriy V. Samokhvalov Kevin D. Shield Michael Roerecke Dirk W. Lachenmeier | 2014 | Addiction2014，，6： | 2 |
| 16 | Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus显示文摘 | Axel W. Joob G. Kenneth Haines Merrill S. Kies Thomas W. Shields | 1995 | The Annals of Thoracic Surgery1995，，1： | 2 |
| 17 | Association between CYP1A1 genotype, mRNA expression and enzymatic activity in humans 显示文摘 | Landi MT Bertazzi PA Shields PG | 1994 | Pharmacogenetics1994，4，： | 2 |
| 18 | Improving nurse retention in the National Health Service in England: the impact of job satisfaction on intentions to quit显示文摘 | Michael A. Shields Melanie Ward | 2001 | Journal of Health Economics2001，，5： | 2 |
| 19 | Global burden of alcoholic liver diseases显示文摘 | Jürgen Rehm Andriy V. Samokhvalov Kevin D. Shield | 2013 | Journal of Hepatology2013，，1： | 2 |
| 20 | Lacrimal gland tumors in Turkey:types,frequency,and outcomes显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the clinical, radiological, and treatment features of lacrimal gland tumors.METHODS: Retrospective review of 99 eyes of 92 patients with lacrimal gland tumors diagnosed and managed in a single institution between January 1999 and March 2017. Clinical and radiological features, histopathology, treatment methods, and prognosis were evaluated.RESULTS: The mean patient age was 40.3(range: 7-80)y.The diagnosis was made histopathologically in 91(91.9%) tumors and on a clinical and radiological basis in 8(8.1%) tumors. Final diagnoses included idiopathic orbital inflammation(pseudotumor) in 46(46.5%) lesions, pleomorphic adenoma in 14(14.1%), adenoid cystic carcinoma in 12(12.1%), granulomatous inflammation in 10(10.1%), lymphoma in 5(5.0%), benign reactive lymphoid hyperplasia in 3(3.0%), dacryops in 3(3.0%), carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma in 2(2.0%), adenocarcinoma in 1(1.0%), dermoid cyst in 1(1.0%), cavernous hemangioma in 1(1.0%), and leukemic infiltration in 1(1.0%). Nonepithelial tumors comprised 64.6%(n=64) of all lacrimal gland tumors, epithelial tumors 32.3%(n=32), dermoid cyst 1%(n=1), cavernous hemangioma 1%(n=1), and leukemic infiltration 1%(n=1). There were in total 78(78.8%) benign and 21(21.2%) malignant tumors. CONCLUSION: Overall, 65% of lacrimal gland tumors were of non-epithelial origin and 32% of epithelial origin. By histopathology and clinical evaluation, 79% of lacrimal gland tumors were benign. The most common lacrimal gland tumors include idiopathic orbital inflammation(46.5%), epithelial(32.3%), and lymphoproliferative(8.1%) lesions. | Yagmur Seda Yesiltas Ahmet Kaan Gundiiz Esra Erden Carol L. Shields | 2018 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2018，11，8： | 2 |
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