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| 1 | CONSORT 2010说明与详述:报告平行对照随机临床试验指南的更新显示文摘大量证据显示随机对照临床试验(randomised controlled trial,RCT)的报告质量不理想。报告不透明,则读者既不能评判试验结果是否真实可靠,也不能从中提取可用于系统综述的信息。最近的方法学分析表明,报告不充分和设计不合理与对治疗效果产生评价偏倚有关。这种系统误差对RCT损害严重,而RCT正是以其能减少或避免偏倚而被视为评价干预措施的金标准。为了提高RCT的报告质量,一个由专家和编辑组成的工作组制定了临床试验报告的统一标准(Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials,CONSORT)声明。CONSORT声明于1996年首次发表,并于2001年更新。声明由对照检查清单和流程图组成,供作者在报告RCT时使用。许多核心医学期刊和主要国际性编辑组织都已认可CONSORT声明。该声明促进了对RCT的严格评价和解释。2001年,在对CONSORT进行修订时,人们就已经清楚地认识到,解释和说明制定CONSORT声明的原理,有助于研究人员等撰写或评价临床试验报告。一篇CONSORT说明与详述文章于2001年同2001版CONSORT声明一起发表。2007年1月的专家会议之后,对CONSORT声明作了进一步修订并已发表,即'CONSORT2010声明'。这次更新对原版对照检查清单作了文字上的修改,使其更为明晰,并收入了与一些新近才认识到的主题相关的建议,如选择性报告结局产生的偏倚。说明与详述文件旨在加强人们对CONSORT声明的理解、应用和传播,这次也作了大量修订,对每一项新增或更新的清单条目的含义和增改理由进行了解释,提供了优秀的报告实例,还尽可能地提供了相关的经验性研究的参考文献。文中收入了若干流程图实例。'CONSORT2010声明'、其说明与详述文件,以及相关网站(www.consort-statement.org),对于改进随机临床试验报告必将有所裨益。 | David Moher Sally Hopewell Kenneth F Schulz Victor Montori Peter C Gφtzsche P J Devereaux Diana Elbourne Matthias Egger Douglas G Altman 周庆辉 卞兆祥 刘建平 | 2010 | 中西医结合学报2010，8，8： | 318 |
| 2 | Effects of Glomus mosseae on the toxicity of heavy metals to Vicia faba显示文摘A glasshouse pot experiment was conducted to investigate effects of th e arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae on the growth of Vicia faba and t oxicity induced by heavy metals (HMs) (Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd) in a field soil contam inated by a mixture of these metals. There was also uninoculation treatment (NM) simultaneously. Mycorrhizal (GM) plants have significantly increased growth and tolerance to toxicity induced by heavy metals compared with NM plants. P uptake was significantly increased in GM plants. Mycorrhizal symbiosis reduced the tra nsportation of HMs from root to shoot by immobilizing HMs in the mycorrhizal, sh own by increasing the ratios of HMs from root to shoot. Oxidative stress, which can induce DNA damage, is an important mechanism of heavy metal toxicity. GM tre atment decreased oxidative stress by intricating antioxidative systems such as p eroxidases and non-enzymic systems including soluble protein. The DNA damage ind uced by heavy metals was detected using comet assay, which showed DNA damage in the plants was decreased by the GM treatment. | ZHANG Xu-hong LIN Ai-jun CHEN Bao-dong WANG You-shan SMITH Sally E SMITH F Andrew | 2006 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2006，18，4： | 10 |
| 3 | Linking objec- tively measured physical activity with objectively meas- ured urban form--findings from SMARTRAQ显示文摘 | Frank L D Schmid T L Sallis J F | 2005 | Amer- ican Journal of Preventive Medicine2005，28，22： | 1 |
| 4 | Toward a better understanding of the influences on physical ac- tivity: The role of determinants, correlates, causal variables, mediators,moderators, and confounders显示文摘 | BAUMAN A E SALLIS J F DZEWALTOWSKI D A | 2002 | Am J Prey Med2002，23，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Understanding environmental influences on walking显示文摘 | Neville Owen Nancy Humpel Eva Leslie Adrian Bauman James F Sallis | 2004 | American Journal of Preventive Medicine2004，，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Neighborhood --based differences in physical activity: an environment scale evaluation显示文摘 | Saelens B E Sallis J F Black J B | 2003 | American Journal of Public Health2003，93，9： | 1 |
| 7 | Associations of Location and Perceived Environmental Attributes with Walking in Neighborhoods显示文摘 | Humpel N Owen N Leslie E Marshall A L Bauman A E Sallis J F | 2004 | American Journal of Health Promotion2004，18，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Predictors of adoption and maintainance of vigorous physical activity in men and women 显示文摘 | Sallis J F Hovel M F Hofstetter C R | 1992 | Preventive Medicine1992，21，： | 1 |
| 9 | Random early detection gateways for congestion avoidance显示文摘 | SALLY F VAN J | 1993 | Networking IEEE/ACM Transactions1993，1，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Neighborhood- based Differences in Physical Activity: An Environment Scale Evaluation 显示文摘 | Saelens B E Sallis J F Black J B Chen D | 2003 | American Journal of Public Health2003，93，9： | 1 |
| 11 | Neighborhood Environments and Physical Activity Among Adults in 11 Countries显示文摘 | Sallis J F Bowles H R Bauman A | 2009 | American Journal of Preventive Medicine2009，36，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Correlates of physical activity:Why are some people physically active and others not?显示文摘 | Bauman A E Reis R S Sallis J F | 2012 | Lancet2012，380，： | 1 |
| 13 | Physical activity, sedentary behavior & overweight am ong youth显示文摘 | SALLIS J F | 1996 | Arch Pedi Ado Med1996，150，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Survival rates in patients with primary malignant brain tumors ratified by patient age and tumor histological type:an analysis based on Surveillance,epidemicology,and end results(SEER)data,1973-1991显示文摘 | Faith GD Sally F Tames G | 1998 | J Neurosurg1998，88，1： | 1 |
| 15 | A Review of Correlates of Physical Activity of Children and Adoles- cents 显示文摘 | SALLIS J F PROCHASKA J J TAYLOR W C | 2000 | Medicine and science in sports and exercise2000，32，5： | 1 |
| 16 | The impact of virtu- al embedded ness on new venture survival:overcoming the Liabilities of Newness 显示文摘 | Eric A M Sally W F Thomas B L | 2007 | Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice2007，31，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Lung involvement and drug-in- duced lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis显示文摘 | Atzeni F Boiardi L Salli S | 2013 | Expert Rev Clin Immunol2013，9，7： | 1 |
| 18 | BAI 3, CDX 2 and VIL 1: a panel of three antibodies to distinguish small cell from large cell neuroendocrine lung carcinomas显示文摘 | Muhammad F Bari Helen Brown Andrew G Nicholson Keith M Kerr John R Gosney William A Wallace Irshad Soomro Salli Muller Danielle Peat Jonathan D Moore Lesley A Ward Maxim B Freidin Eric Lim Manu Vatish David R J Snead | 2014 | Histopathology2014，，： | 1 |
| 19 | Assessing children's liking for activity units in an elementary school physical education curriculum显示文摘 | McKenzie T L Alcaraz J E Sallis J F | 1994 | Journal of Teaching in Physical Education1994，13，： | 1 |
| 20 | Evaluating the sustainability of SPARK physical education: A case study of translating research into practice显示文摘 | Dowda M C Sallis J F McKenzie T L | 2005 | Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport2005，76，： | 1 |
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