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| 1 | Cloning of first abc transporter encoding gene from Trichoderma spp. and its expression during stress and mycoparasitism显示文摘Trichoderma in its natural environment competes for nutrient uptake and is required to protect itself from adverse natural toxic compounds, such as those produced by plants and other microbes in the soil community, or synthetic toxic compounds released human activity. One of the most important metabolic pathways for drug resistance and substrate uptake, both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, is ATP dependent. The role of ABC transporter proteins in the biology of Trichoderma is still not known. We present the cloning of the first four ABC transporter genes (TABC1, TABC2, TABC3, TABC4 ) in Trichoderma, and in particular T. atroviride P1, and the characterization of TABC2 The complete sequence of this gene is 6535 bp, which includes a promoter of 1624 bp, a terminator of 642 bp and a coding region of 4264 bp. The promoter contains many of the potential transcription factor binding sites found in the 5’ upstream region of the ech42 gene of T. atroviride P1. These included: heat shock factors (HSF), a nitrogen-regulating factor (Nit-2), a stress-response element (STRE), a GCR1 elements, and a Cre BP1 motif. Northern analysis and RT-PCR demonstrated that TABC2 is highly expressed when Trichoderma is subjected to nitrogen starvation, grown in the presence of culture filtrates of Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia solani, and Pythium ultimum, or when N-acetylglucosamine is added to the substrate. TABC2 appears to be co-regulated with some CWDE-encoding genes, suggesting that this is the first ABC transporter encoding gene involved in mycoparasitic events. It’s role in the interaction of Trichoderma with fungal hosts or plants is being investigated by targeted gene disruption and overexpression. | Lanzuise S Ruocco M Scala V Catapano L Woo S Ciliento R Ferraioli S Soriente I Vinale F Scala F Del Sorbo G Lorito M | 2004 | 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)2004，30，4： | 2 |
| 2 | Genetic improvement of Trichoderma ability to induce systemic resistance显示文摘The beneficial applications of Trichoderma spp. in agriculture include not only the control of plant pathogens, but also the improvement of plant growth, micronutrient availability, and plant tolerance to abiotic stress. In addition, it has been suggested that these fungi are able to increase plant disease resistance by activating induced systemic resistance (ISR) . The mode of action of these beneficial fungi in the Trichoderma -plant-pathogen interaction are many, complex and not completely understood. Numerous lytic enzymes have been characterized, the encoding genes (ech42 gluc78, nag1 from T. atroviride strain P1) cloned, and their role in biocontrol demonstrated. The corresponding biocontrol-related inducible promoters have been used in a reporter system based on the Aspergillus niger glucose oxidase gene (goxA) to monitor biocontrol activity. Glucose oxidase catalyzes the oxygen-dependent oxidation of D-glucose to D-glucono-1,5-lactone and hydrogen peroxide; this latter compound is known to have an antifungal effect and activate the plant defence cascade, thus increasing resistance to pathogen attack. T. atroviride P1 transformants with various promoters gox were tested as seed coating treatments on bean seeds planted in soil infested with a soilborne fungal pathogen. Successively, the emergent leaves were inoculated with a foliar pathogen to determine the effect of the GOX transformants on biocontrol and resistance to pathogen attack. Inoculations with the P1-GOX transformants not only reduced disease symptoms caused by a soil pathogen, but also the lesions of various foliar pathogens applied far from the Trichoderma colonization, thus activating ISR. A similar approach is being use to genetically improve T. harzianum T22, a rhizosphere competent and commercially marketed strain not transformed yet, by using four different gox gene constructs under the control of constitutive and inducible promoters. Plasmids have been introduced in Trichoderma by protoplasts co-transformation. hygromicin resistant progeny selected, and mitotically stable transformants analysed to confirm the presence of the novel enzyme activity. Progenies are being tested for biocontrol ISR inducing activity. | Ciliento R Woo S L Di Benedetto P Ruocco M Scala F Soriente I Ferraioli S Brunner K Zeilinger S Mach R L Lorito M | 2004 | 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)2004，30，4： | 2 |
| 3 | Vitamin E:the radical protector显示文摘 | Wolf R Wolf D Ruocco V | 1998 | Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology1998，10，： | 1 |
| 4 | Vitamin E: the radical protector 显示文摘 | Wolf R Wolf D Ruocco V | 1998 | J Europ Acade Dermatol Venereol1998，，10： | 1 |
| 5 | New hypothesis on pathogenesis of ovarian cancer lead to future tailored approaches显示文摘 | Rescigno P Cerillo I Ruocco R | 2013 | Biomed Res Int2013，2013，85： | 1 |
| 6 | Results of coronary angioplasty of chronic total occlusions (the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute 1985-1986 Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty Registry)显示文摘 | Ring ME Holubkoy R | 1992 | Am J cardiol1992，69，： | 1 |
| 7 | Endothelin 1 is overexpressed in human cirrhotic liver and exerts multiple effects on activated hepatic stellate cells显示文摘 | M Pinzani S Milani R De Franco C Grappone A Caligiuri A Gentilini C Tosti- Guerra M Maggi P Failli C Ruocco P Gentilini | 1996 | Gastroenterology1996，，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Vitamin E : The radical protector 显示文摘 | Wolf R Wolf D Ruocco V | 1998 | Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology1998，10，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Pemphigus: associations and management guidelines: facts and controversies 显示文摘 | Ruocco E Wolf R Ruocco V | 2013 | Clin Dermatol2013，31，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Kaposi sarcoma and quinine: A potentially overlooked triggering factor in millions of Africans 显示文摘 | Ruocco V Ruocco E Schwartz R A | 2011 | J Am Acad Dermatol2011，64，2： | 1 |
| 11 | New hypothesis on patho- genesis of ovarian cancer lead to future tailored approaches 显示文摘 | Rescigno P Cerillo 1 Ruocco R | 2013 | Biomed Res lnt2013，2013，85： | 1 |
| 12 | Isotopic response显示文摘 | Wolf R Brenner S Ruocco V | | 0，，05： | 1 |
| 13 | Vitamin E:the radical protector显示文摘 | Wolf R Wolf D Ruocco V | 1998 | J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol1998，10，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Wolf's isotopic response显示文摘 | Wolf R Wolf D Ruocco E | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 15 | Results of coronary angioplasty of chronic total occlusions显示文摘 | Ruocco NA Ring ME Holubkov R | 1992 | Am J Cardiol1992，69，9： | 1 |
| 16 | Triggered psoriasis显示文摘 | Wolf R Ruocco V | 1999 | Adv Exp Med Biol1999，455，： | 1 |
| 17 | Vitamin E:The radical protector显示文摘 | Wolf R Wolf D Ruocco V | 1998 | Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venere-ology1998，，10： | 1 |
| 18 | Vitamin E: the radical protector 显示文摘 | Wolf R Wolf D Ruocco V | 1998 | Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology1998，，10： | 1 |
| 19 | Viruses in pemphigus:a casual or causal relationship?显示文摘 | Ruocco V Wolf R Ruocco E | 1996 | Int J Dermatol1996，35，11： | 1 |
| 20 | Reconstituted high -dens- ity lipoprotein exhibits neuropro- tection in two rat models of stroke 显示文摘 | Paterno R Ruocco A Postiglione A | 2004 | Cerebovase Pis2004，17，： | 1 |
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