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| 1 | Analysis on Factors Related to Rabies Epidemic in China from 2007-2011显示文摘To analyze features of the rabies epidemic in China between 2007 and 2011, identify factors influencing the epidemic and to provide a scientific basis for further control and prevention of rabies, Descriptive epidemiological methods and statistical analysis was used on data collected from the National Disease Reporting Information System between 2007 to 2011 and the National Active Surveillance System between 2007 and 2010. Our analysis shows that while the number of human rabies cases decreased year by year, the number of districts reporting cases did not show significant change. The situations in Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou and Hunan provinces clearly improved over the period but they remain provinces with high-incidence, and consequently influence the epidemic situation of surrounding provinces and possibly the whole country. Summer and autumn were high-incidence seasons. Farmers, students and pre-school children represent the high-risk populations, and rates of cases in farmers increased, those for students decreased, and pre-school children remained unchanged. Provinces with active surveillance programs reported a total of 2346 individual cases, of which 88.53% were associated with canines. Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) of rabies cases was not significantly improved, whereas PEP in post-exposure population was good. In rural regions of China, canine density was reduced somewhat, and the immunization rate increased slightly. Finally we show that while the epidemic decreased 2007 to 2011 in China, cases continued to be diffused in certain regions. Lack of standardization of PEP on rabies cases was the main reason of morbidity. The high density and low immunization of dog in rural areas and the defective situation of PEP are still continuous occurrences in China and remain a cause for concern. | Cui-ping Yin Hang Zhou Hui Wu Xiao-yan Tao Simon Rayner Shu-mei Wang Qing Tang Guo-dong Liang | 2012 | Virologica Sinica2012，27，2： | 22 |
| 2 | Effect of ginger Effect of ginger on gastric motility and symptoms of functional dyspepsiaon gastric motility and symptoms of functional dyspepsia显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the effects of ginger on gastric motility and emptying,abdominal symptoms,and hormones that influence motility in dyspepsia.METHODS:Eleven patients with functional dyspepsia were studied twice in a randomized double-blind manner.After an 8-h fast,the patients ingested three capsules that contained ginger(total 1.2 g) or placebo,followed after 1 h by 500 mL low-nutrient soup.Antral area,fundus area and diameter,and the frequency of antral contractions were measured using ultrasound at frequent intervals,and the gastric half-emptying time was calculated from the change in antral area.Gastrointestinal sensations and appetite were scored using visual analog questionnaires,and blood was taken for measurement of plasma glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1),motilin and ghrelin concentrations,at intervals throughout the study.RESULTS:Gastric emptying was more rapid after ginger than placebo [median(range) half-emptying time 12.3(8.5-17.0) min after ginger,16.1(8.3-22.6) min after placebo,P ≤ 0.05].There was a trend for more antral contractions(P = 0.06),but fundus dimensions and gastrointestinal symptoms did not differ,nor did serum concentrations of GLP-1,motilin and ghrelin.CONCLUSION:Ginger stimulated gastric emptying and antral contractions in patients with functional dyspepsia,but had no impact on gastrointestinal symptoms or gut peptides. | Ming-Luen Hu Christophan K Rayner Keng-Liang Wu Seng-Kee Chuah Wei-Chen Tai Yeh-Pin Chou Yi-Chun Chiu King-Wah Chiu Tsung-Hui Hu | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，1： | 19 |
| 3 | Future Directions for Eye Movement Research显示文摘It is argued that research on eye movements has now entered a fourth general era. Each of the four eras is briefly reviewed, and research findings related to eye movements during reading, scene perception, and visual search are discussed. Future directions for research in each of these areas and research in other domains involving eye movements are also discussed. | Keith Rayner | 2004 | 心理与行为研究2004，2，3： | 10 |
| 4 | Advances of Bioinformatics Tools Applied in Virus Epitopes Prediction显示文摘In recent years,the in silico epitopes prediction tools have facilitated the progress of vaccines development significantly and many have been applied to predict epitopes in viruses successfully. Herein,a general overview of different tools currently available,including T cell and B cell epitopes prediction tools,is presented. And the principles of different prediction algorithms are reviewed briefly. Finally,several examples are present to illustrate the application of the prediction tools. | Simon Rayner | 2011 | Virologica Sinica2011，26，1： | 7 |
| 5 | Comparison of RFFIT Tests with Different Standard Sera and Testing Procedures显示文摘The World Health Organization (WHO) standard assay for determining antibody level is the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) and is used to determine the degree of immunity after vaccination against rabies. To compare the difference in RFFIT results between the laboratories of The National Institute of Infectious Disease in Japan (NIID) and the Chinese Centre for Disease Control (CCDC) as well the influence of the choice of standard serum (STD) for the detection, the two laboratories detection methods were simultaneously manipulated by RFFIT. The reference serums used in NIID and the WHO standard serum used in CCDC were compared in the same RFFIT detection to determine the titer of four sera samples C1, S1, S2 and S4 in parallel, and the titers of the detected sera samples were calculated using the standard formula for neutralizing antibody titer. No significant difference was found in RFFIT methods from the two laboratories and the RFFIT testing procedures of the two laboratories have good consistency. However, different titers were obtained with the tentative internal standard serum (TI-STD) produced by adjusting to 2.0 IU of WHO standard serum in NIID and the WHO STD. The titer determined with the TI-STD was higher than that determined with WHO STD, This difference appears to be significant and requires further investigation. | Peng-cheng Yu Akira Noguchi Satoshi Inoue Qing Tang Simon Rayner Guo-dong Liang | 2012 | Virologica Sinica2012，27，3： | 6 |
| 6 | Eye Movements, Cognitive Processes, and Reading显示文摘 | Keith Rayner | 2004 | 心理与行为研究2004，2，3： | 6 |
| 7 | 赣南脐橙溃疡病菌菌系分化初步研究显示文摘从赣南6县市分离得到22株脐橙溃疡病菌并对其进行25项生理生化试验,结果表明,在所测试的16项生理特征中有8项(果糖、乳糖、麦芽糖、葡萄糖、柠檬酸盐、醋酸盐、耐盐性(1%~3%)和pH(5.0~8.0),反应结果相同,而在对蔗糖、木糖、肌醇、山梨醇、甘露醇等碳源利用上存在差异显著;在9项生化试验项目中除硝酸盐还原都为阳性外,而在尿素试验、V-P试验、甲基红试验、石蕊牛奶试验结果上也存在较大差异。利用最大距离法和Jaccard距离法对所分离的菌株进行聚类分析,发现不同地区来源的赣南脐橙溃疡病菌可以聚为一类,说明赣南脐橙溃疡病菌存在广泛的分化现象。 | 郭青云 李坊贞 方玮 Simon Rayner 陈玲 张慧琴 | 2011 | 江西农业大学学报2011，33，2： | 4 |
| 8 | Genetic Characteristics of 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza A Viruses Isolated from China's Mainland显示文摘A total of 100 H1N1 flu real-time-PCR positive throat swabs collected from fever patients in Zhejiang, Hubei and Guangdong between June and November 2009, were provided by local CDC laboratories. After MDCK cell culture, 57 Influenza A Pandemic (H1N1) viruses were isolated and submitted for whole genome sequencing. A total of 39 HA sequences, 52 NA sequences, 36 PB2 sequences, 31 PB1 sequences, 40 PA sequences, 48 NP sequences, 51 MP sequences and 36 NS sequences were obtained, including 20 whole genome sequences. Sequence comparison revealed they shared a high degree of homology (96%~99%) with known epidemic strains (A/California/04/2009(H1N1). Phylogenetic analysis showed that although the sequences were highly conserved, they clustered into a small number of groups with only a few distinct strains. Site analysis revealed three substitutions at loop 220 (221-228) of the HA receptor binding site in the 39 HA sequences: A/Hubei/86/2009 PKVRDQEG→PKVRDQEA, A/Zhejiang/08/2009 PKVRDQEG→PKVRDQER, A/Hubei/75/2009 PKVRDQEG→PKVRDQGG, the A/Hubei/75/2009 was isolated from an acute case, while the other two were from patients with mild symptoms. Other key sites such as 119, 274, 292 and 294 amino acids of NA protein,627 of PB2 protein were conserved. Meanwhile, all the M2 protein sequences possessed the Ser32Asn mutation, suggesting that these viruses were resistant to adamantanes. Comparison of these sequences with other H1N1 viruses collected from the NCBI database provides insight into H1N1 transmission and circulation patterns. | Jiu-ru Zhao Yong-dong Li Li-min Pan Na Zhu Hong-xia Ni Guo-zhang Xu Yong-zhong Jiang Xi-xiang Huo Jun-qiang Xu Han Xia Na Han Shuang Tang Zhong Zhang Zheng Kou Simon Rayner Tian-xian Li | 2011 | Virologica Sinica2011，26，6： | 4 |
| 9 | Novel Evidence Suggests Hepatitis B Virus Surface Proteins Participate in Regulation of HBV Genome Replication显示文摘Naturally occurring mutations in surface proteins of Hepatitis B virus(HBV) usually result in altered hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) secretion efficiency.In the present study,we reported two conserved residues,M75 and M103 with respect to HBsAg,mutations of which not only attenuated HBsAg secretion(M75 only),but also suppressed HBV genome replication without compromising the overlapping p-gene product.We also found M75 and M103 can initiate truncated surface protein(TSPs) synthesis upon over-expression of full-length surface proteins,which may possibly contribute to HBV genome replication.However,attempts to rescue replicationdefective HBV mutant by co-expression of TSPs initiated from M75 or M103 were unsuccessful,which indicated surface proteins rather than the putative TSPs were involved in regulation of HBV genome replication. | Jian Qiu Bo Qin Simon Rayner Chun-chen Wu Rong-juan Pei Song Xu Yun Wang Xin-wen Chen | 2011 | Virologica Sinica2011，26，2： | 4 |
| 10 | 流行性乙型脑炎病毒脑脊液分离株“47株”全基因组特征分析显示文摘目的对1950年分离自我国黑龙江省患者脑脊液的乙脑病毒“47株”进行全基因组序列的测定和分析,全面了解其全基因组特征。方法复苏毒种提取病毒RNA,使用自行设计的乙脑病毒全基因组扩增测序引物,完成对病毒全基因组序列的测定。采用DNAStar、Modehest、Phylip等生物软件完成全基因组核苷酸、氨基酸序列差异分析和乙脑病毒全基因组的系统进化分析。结果乙脑病毒“47株”全长10977个核苷酸。96至10391位为开放读码框ORF,共10296个核苷酸,编码3432个氨基酸。“47株”与5株疫苗株在全基因组水平的核苷酸差异在2.4%-4.4%之间,氨基酸差异在0.3%~1.1%之间。乙脑病毒全基因组最适进化模型为GTR+I+G。全基因组进化分析显示“47株”属于基因Ⅲ型乙脑病毒。结论“47株”全基因组核苷酸和氨基酸高度保守,属于基因Ⅲ型乙脑病毒。 | 潘晓玲 王环宇 付士红 韩娜 刘海舟 Simon Rayner 梁国栋 | 2009 | 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志2009，23，1： | 3 |
| 11 | Linoleic acid metabolic pathway allows for an efficient increase of intramuscular fat content in pigs显示文摘Background: Intramuscular fat(IMF) content is a relevant trait for high-quality meat products such as dry-cured ham,but increasing IMF has the undesirable correlated effect of decreasing lean growth.Thus,there is a need to find selection criteria for IMF independent from lean growth.In pigs,the proportion of linoleic(C18:2) and arachidonic(C20:4) acids decline with fat deposition and therefore they can be considered as indicators of fatness.The aim of this research was to estimate the genetic variation for C18:2 and C20:4 in IMF and their genetic correlations with IMF and lean growth traits,with the objective to assess their potential as specific biomarkers of IMF.The analysis was conducted using a full-pedigreed Duroc resource line with 91,448 records of body weight and backfat thickness(BT) at 180 days of age and 1371 records of fatty acid composition in the muscle gluteus medius.Results: The heritability estimates for C18:2 and C20:4 in IMF,whether expressed in absolute(mg/g of muscle) or in relative(mg/g of fatty acid) terms,as well as for their ratio(C20:4/C18:2),were high(> 0.40),revealing that the C18:2 to C20:4 pathway is subjected to substantial genetic influence.Litter effects were not negligible,with values ranging from8% to 15% of the phenotypic variance.The genetic correlations of C18:2 and C20:4 with IMF and BT were negative(-0.75 to-0.66,for IMF,and-0.64 to-0.36,for BT),if expressed in relative values,but almost null(-0.04 to 0.07),if expressed in absolute values,except for C18:2 with IMF,which was highly positive(0.88).The ratio of C20:4 to C18:2 also displayed a stronger genetic correlation with IMF(-0.59) than with BT(-0.10).Conclusions: The amount of C18:2 in muscle can be used as an IMF-specific biomarker.Selection for the absolute amount of C18:2 is expected to deliver a similar response outcome as selection for IMF at restrained BT.Further genetic analysis of the C18:2 metabolic pathway may provide new insights into differential fat deposition among adipose tissues and on candidate genes for molecular markers targeting specifically for one of them. | Sofia Gol Rayner Gonzalez-Prendes Lluis Bosch Marc Tor Josep Reixach Ramona N.Pena Joan Estany | 2019 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2019，10，3： | 3 |
| 12 | 阅读和场景知觉中认知与文化对眼动的影响(中文)显示文摘Research on eye movements during reading and scene perception is briefly reviewed. It is quite clear that cognitive variables influence how long readers look at words and where they look next. There are also clearly some differences in eye movements between Chinese and Western readers. However, for the most part it appears that there are more similarities than differences and that what differences do occur are due more to differences in the nature of the written orthography than due to cultural differences. There are also clearly cognitive influences on eye movements during scene viewing. Research from my lab is reviewed which challenges the view that culture influences eye movements during scene viewing. While we do not deny that there are cultural influences on cognition and thinking, it seems to be the case that cultural differences do not influence properties of the oculomotor system resulting in differences in where subjects look early in scenes. | Keith Rayner | 2011 | 心理与行为研究2011，9，1： | 3 |
| 13 | Whey protein: The “whey” forward for treatment of type 2 diabetes?显示文摘A cost-effective nutritional approach to improve postprandial glycaemia is attractive considering the rising burden of diabetes throughout the world. Whey protein, a by-product of the cheese-making process, can be used to manipulate gut function in order to slow gastric emptying and stimulate incretin hormone secretion, thereby attenuating postprandial glycaemic excursions. The function of the gastrointestinal tract plays a pivotal role in glucose homeostasis, particularly during the postprandial period, and this review will discuss the mechanisms by which whey protein slows gastric emptying and stimulates release of gut peptides, including the incretins. Whey protein is also a rich source of amino acids, and these can directly stimulate beta cells to secrete insulin, which contributes to the reduction in postprandial glycaemia. Appetite is suppressed with consumption of whey, due to its effects on the gut-brain axis and the hypothalamus. These properties of whey protein suggest its potential in the management of type 2 diabetes. However, the optimal dose and timing of whey protein ingestion are yet to be defined, and studies are required to examine the long-term benefits of whey consumption for overall glycaemic control. | Linda E Mignone Tongzhi Wu Michael Horowitz Christopher K Rayner | 2015 | World Journal of Diabetes2015，6，14： | 2 |
| 14 | 电子行业供应链和外包发展趋势显示文摘最近在墨西哥蒙特雷举行的科技预报“季度论坛”上,科技预报顾问就与电子行业供应链和外包需求相关的广泛主题,呈现了大量新调查研究。本文覆盖以下第一和第二部分内容,第三部分将在下期公开报道。第一部分:电子供应链对“精益” | Bruce Rayner | 2007 | 中国电子商情2007，，5： | 2 |
| 15 | Antagonism of miR-33 in mice promotes reverse cholesterol transport and regression of atherosclerosis显示文摘 | Rayner Katey J Sheedy Frederick J Esau Christine C Hussain Farah N Temel Ryan E Parathath Saj van Gils Janine M Rayner Alistair J Chang Aaron N Suarez Yajaira Fernandez-Hernando Carlos Fisher Edward A Moore Kathryn J | 2011 | Journal of Clinical Investigation2011，，7： | 2 |
| 16 | Molecular Characterization of a Highly Pathogenetic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Variant in Hubei, China显示文摘Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has been recognized as one of the most important pathogens of pigs throughout the world. In 2006, more than 10 provinces of China have experienced an epizootic outbreak of pig diseases characterized by high fever, reddened skin and high morbidity and mortality. From June 2006 to April 2007, we have investigated some clinical samples in Hubei province by RT-PCR and cloned several major genes, N, GP5 and NSP2 gene, shown in this study. Phylogenetic analysis of these genes revealed that the highly pathogenic PRRSV variant, ZB, was responsible for 2006 emergent outbreak of pig disease in Hubei province similar with those variants isolated from other provinces in China in 2006, and belongs to the NA-type PRRSV. In the PRRSV variants, the N and GP5 shear about 90% identity with prototypic ATCC VR-2332 and some typical NA-type Chinese isolates, except the 2850bp NSP2 gene (only shares 65% identity with ATCC VR-2332). But they all shear more than and 97% identity with other highly pathogenetic Chinese PRRSV strains. Additionally, there are extensive amino acid (aa) mutations in the GP5 protein and 2 deletions in the Nsp2 protein when compared with the previous isolates. Most of the variants found in 2006 epizootic outbreak of pig diseases in China were the farthest variants from the typical NA-type PRRSV in phylogenetic distance, and these diversities may be responsible for the differences in the pathogenicity observed between these variants and original Chinese PRRSV strains. | Yi HUANG Bing ZHANG Zhen-fang FU Simon Rayner Fang-liang ZHENG Wang-wang LIANG Ke-li YANG Di-ping XU Han-zhong WANG | 2009 | Virologica Sinica2009，24，1： | 2 |
| 17 | Molecular Characterization of China Human Rabies Vaccine Strains显示文摘To understand the molecular characteristics of China human rabies vaccine strains, we report the full-length genome of the aG strain and present a comprehensive analysis of this strain and almost all available lyssavirus genomes (58 strains) from GenBank (as of Jan 6, 2011). It is generally considered that the G protein plays a predominant role in determining the pathogenicity of the virus, to this end we predicted the tertiary structure of the G protein of aG strain, CTN181 strain and wild type strain HN10 based on the crystal structure of Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) G. The predicted RABV G structure has a similar topology to VSV G and the ectodomain can be divided into 4 distinct domains DI-DIV. By mapping the characterized mutations to this structure between China vaccine strains and their close street strains, we speculate that the G303(P-H) mutations of CTN181 and HN10 causing DⅡ 3D change may be associated with the attenuated virulence in both strains. Specifically, the two signature mutations (G165P and G231P) in the aG strain are withinβsheets, suggesting that both sites are of structural importance. | Xiaoyan Tao Na Han Zhenyang Guo Qing Tang Simon Rayner Guodong Liang | 2013 | Virologica Sinica2013，28，2： | 2 |
| 18 | The turnover of soil organic matter in some of the Rothamsted classical experiments 显示文摘 | Jenkinso D S J H Rayner | | Soil science0，123，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Ecological roles of Basidiomycetes forming decaying communities in attached oak branches显示文摘 | Rayner A D M | 1983 | New Phytol1983，93，： | 1 |
| 20 | Extracellular release of the atheroprotective heat shock protein 27 is mediated by estrogen and competitively inhibits acLDL binding to scavenger receptor-A显示文摘 | Rayner K Chen Y X McNulty M | 2008 | Circ Res2008，103，2： | 1 |
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