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| 1 | Severe acute pancreatitis: Clinical course and management显示文摘Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) develops in about 25% of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). Severity of AP is linked to the presence of systemic organ dysfunctions and/or necrotizing pancreatitis pathomorphologically. Risk factors determining independently the outcome of SAP are early multi-organ failure, infection of necrosis and extended necrosis (> 50%). Up to one third of patients with necrotizing pancreatitis develop in the late course infection of necroses. Morbidity of SAP is biphasic, in the first week strongly related to early and persistence of organ or multi-organ dysfunction. Clinical sepsis caused by infected necrosis leading to multi-organ failure syndrome (MOFS) occurs in the later course after the first week. To predict sepsis, MOFS or deaths in the first 48-72 h, the highest predictive accuracy has been objectified for procalcitonin and IL-8; the Sepsis- Related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA)-score predicts the outcome in the first 48 h, and provides a daily assessment of treatment response with a high positive predictive value. Contrast-enhanced CT provides the highest diagnostic accuracy for necrotizing pancreatitis when performed after the first week of disease. Patients who suffer early organ dysfunctions or at risk of developing a severe disease require early intensive care treatment. Early vigorous intravenous fluid replacement is of foremost importance. The goal is to decrease the hematocrit or restore normal cardiocirculatory functions. Antibiotic prophylaxis has not been shown as an effective preventive treatment. Early enteral feeding is based on a high level of evidence, resulting in a reduction of local and systemic infection. Patients suffering infected necrosis causing clinical sepsis, pancreatic abscess or surgical acute abdomen are candidates for early intervention. Hospital mortality of SAP after interventional or surgical debridement has decreased in high volume centers to below 20%. | Hans G Beger Bettina M Rau | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，38： | 122 |
| 2 | 急性胰腺炎的外科治疗显示文摘 | Hans Guenther Beger Bettina Rau Rainer Isenmann Jens Mayer 刘斌 吴在德 | 2001 | 中华外科杂志2001，39，4： | 28 |
| 3 | Chemokine expression in hepatocellular carcinoma versus colorectal liver metastases显示文摘AIM: To evaluate and compare the expression profiles of CXCL12 (SDF-1), CCL19 (MIP-3β), CCL20 (MIP-3α) and CCL21 (6Ckine, Exodus2) and their receptors on RNA and protein levels in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) versus colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) and to elucidate their impact on the carcinogenesis and progression of malignant liver diseases. METHODS: Chemokine expression was analyzed by RT-PCR and ELISA in 11 cases of HCC specimens and in 23 cases of CRLM and corresponding adjacent non- tumorous liver tissues, respectively. Expressions of their receptors CXCR4, CCR6 and CCR7 were analyzed by RT- PCR and Western blot analysis in the same cases of HCC and CRLM. RESULTS: Significant up-regulation for CCL20/CCR6 was detected in both cancer types. Moreover, CCL20 demonstrated significant overexpression in CRLM in relation to the HCC tissues. Being significantly up- regulated only in CRLM, CXCR4 displayed an aberrant expression pattern with respect to the HCC tissues. CONCLUSION: Correlation of CXCR4 expression with CRLM suggests CXCR4 as a potential predictive factor for CRLM. High level expression of CCL20 and its receptor CCR6 in HCC and CRLM with marked up- regulation of CCL20 in CRLM in relation to HCC tissues indicates involvement of the CCL20/CCR6 ligand-receptor pair in the carcinogenesis and progression of hepatic malignancies. | Claudia Rubie Vilma Oliveira Frick Mathias Wagner Christina Weber Bianca Kruse Katja Kempf Jochen Knig Bettina Rau Martin Schilling | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，41： | 24 |
| 4 | Correlation of IL-8 with induction, progression and metastatic potential of colorectal cancer显示文摘AIM: To investigate the expression profile of IL-8 in inflammatory and malignant colorectal diseases to evaluate its potential role in the regulation of colorectal cancer (CRC) and the development of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). METHODS: IL-8 expression was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR (Q-RT-PCR) and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in resected specimens from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC, n = 6) colorectal adenomas (CRA, n = 8), different stages of colorectal cancer (n = 48) as well as synchronous and metachronous CRLM along with their corresponding primary colorectal tumors (n = 16). RESULTS: IL-8 mRNA and protein expression was significantly up-regulated in all pathological colorectal entities investigated compared with the corresponding neighboring tissues. However, in the CRC specimens IL-8 revealed a significantly more pronounced overexpression in relation to the CRA and UC tissues with an average 30-fold IL-8 protein up-regulation in the CRC specimens in comparison to the CRA tissues. Moreover, IL-8 expression revealed a close correlation with tumor grading. Most interestingly, IL-8 up-regulation was most enhanced in synchronous and metachronous CRLM, if compared with the corresponding primary CRC tissues. Herein, an up to 80-fold IL-8 overexpression in individual metachronous metastases compared to normal tumor neighbor tissues was found. CONCLUSION: Our results strongly suggest an association between IL-8 expression, induction and progression of colorectal carcinoma and the development of colorectal liver metastases. | Claudia Rubie Vilma Oliveira Frick Sandra Pfeil Mathias Wagner Otto Kollmar Berit Kopp Stefan Grber Bettina M Rau Martin K Schilling | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，37： | 12 |
| 5 | Alginate and alginate composites for biomedical applications显示文摘Alginate is an edible heteropolysaccharide that abundantly available in the brown seaweed and the capsule of bacteria such as Azotobacter sp.and Pseudomonas sp.Owing to alginate gel forming capability,it is widely used in food,textile and paper industries;and to a lesser extent in biomedical applications as biomaterial to promote wound healing and tissue regeneration.This is evident from the rising use of alginate-based dressing for heavily exuding wound and their mass availability in the market nowadays.However,alginate also has limitation.When in contact with physiological environment,alginate could gelate into softer structure,consequently limits its potential in the soft tissue regeneration and becomes inappropriate for the usage related to load bearing body parts.To cater this problem,wide range of materials have been added to alginate structure,producing sturdy composite materials.For instance,the incorporation of adhesive peptide and natural polymer or synthetic polymer to alginate moieties creates an improved composite material,which not only possesses better mechanical properties compared to native alginate,but also grants additional healing capability and promote better tissue regeneration.In addition,drug release kinetic and cell viability can be further improved when alginate composite is used as encapsulating agent.In this review,preparation of alginate and alginate composite in various forms(fibre,bead,hydrogel,and 3D-printed matrices)used for biomedical application is described first,followed by the discussion of latest trend related to alginate composite utilization in wound dressing,drug delivery,and tissue engineering applications. | Raha Ahmad Raus Wan Mohd Fazli Wan Nawawi Ricca Rahman Nasaruddin | 2021 | Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences2021，16，3： | 11 |
| 6 | Sunitinib for Taiwan Residents patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor after imatinib treatment failure or intolerance显示文摘AIM:To report preliminary results of the efficacy and safety of sunitinib in the management of Taiwan Residents gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) patients facing imatinib mesylate (IM) intolerance or failure.METHODS:Between 2001 and May 2010,199 Taiwan Residents patients with metastatic GIST were treated at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital.Among them,23 (11.6%) patients receiving sunitinib were investigated.RESULTS:Sixteen male and 7 female patients with a median age of 59 years (range:24-83 years) received sunitinib.Twenty-two GIST patients changed to sunitinib because of IM failure and 1 because of intolerance.The median duration of sunitinib administration was 6.0 mo (range:2-29 mo).The clinical benefit was 65.2% [2 complete response (CR),4 partial response (PR),and 9 stationary disease (SD);15/23].In 12 patients harboring mutations of the kit gene at exon 11,the clinical benefit rate (CR,PR,and SD) was 75.0% and 6 patients with tumors containing kit exon 9 mutations had a clinical benefit of 50.0% (not significant,P=0.344).The progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) did not differ between patients whose GISTs had wild type,KIT exon 9,or KIT exon 11 mutations.Hand-foot syndrome was the most common cause of grade Ⅲ adverse effect (26.1%),followed by anemia (17.4%),and neutropenia (13.0%).During the median 7.5-mo follow-up after sunitinib use,the median PFS and OS of these 23 GIST patients after sunitinib treatment were 8.4 and 14.1 mo,respectively.CONCLUSION:Sunitinib appears to be an effective treatment for Taiwan Residents with IM-resistant/intolerant GISTs and induced a sustained clinical benefit in more than 50% of Taiwan Residents advanced GIST patients. | Yen-Yang Chen Chun-Nan Yeh Chi-Tung Cheng Tsung-Wen Chen Kun-Ming Rau Yi-Yin Jan Miin-Fu Chen | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，16： | 11 |
| 7 | Tunneling, propping, and expropriation: evidence from connected party transactions in Hong Kong显示文摘 | Yan-Leung Cheung P. Raghavendra Rau Aris Stouraitis | 2006 | Journal of Financial Economics2006，，2： | 5 |
| 8 | Proton pump inhibitors increase the severity of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients显示文摘BACKGROUND Liver cirrhosis is the late stage of hepatic fibrosis and is characterized by portal hypertension that can clinically lead to decompensation in the form of ascites,esophageal/gastric varices or encephalopathy.The most common sequelae associated with liver cirrhosis are neurologic and neuropsychiatric impairments labeled as hepatic encephalopathy(HE).Well established triggers for HE include infection,gastrointestinal bleeding,constipation,and medications.Alterations to the gut microbiome is one of the leading ammonia producers in the body,and therefore may make patients more susceptible to HE.AIM To investigate the relationship between the use of proton pump inhibitors(PPIs)and HE in patients with cirrhosis.METHODS This is a single center,retrospective analysis.Patients were included in the study with an admitting diagnosis of HE.The degree of HE was determined from subjective and objective portions of hospital admission notes using the West Haven Criteria.The primary outcome of the study was to evaluate the grade of HE in PPI users versus non-users at admission to the hospital and throughout their hospital course.Secondary outcomes included rate of infection,gastrointestinal bleeding within the last 12 mo,mean ammonia level,and model for end-stage liver disease scores at admission.RESULTS The HE grade at admission using the West Haven Criteria was 2.3 in the PPI group compared to 1.7 in the PPI nonuser group(P=0.001).The average length of hospital stay in PPI group was 8.3 d compared to 6.5 d in PPI nonusers(P=0.046).Twenty-seven(31.8%)patients in the PPI user group required an Intensive Care Unit admission during their hospital course compared to 6 in the PPI nonuser group(16.7%)(P=0.138).Finally,10(11.8%)patients in the PPI group expired during their hospital stay compared to 1 in the PPI nonuser group(2.8%)(P=0.220).CONCLUSION Chronic PPI use in cirrhotic patients is associated with significantly higher average West Haven Criteria for HE compared to patients that do not use PPIs. | Matthew Fasullo Prashanth Rau Dong-Qi Liu Erik Holzwanger Jomol P Mathew Yurima Guilarte-Walker Gyongyi Szabo | 2019 | World Journal of Hepatology2019，11，6： | 4 |
| 9 | 高使用性能粉末冶金零件的表面致密化显示文摘为保证机构的可靠性,历史上一直在用锻钢合金批量生产高转矩变速器零件,诸如变速器齿轮、高性能链轮、单向离合器座圈及滚珠轴承座圈。虽然用粉末冶金工艺生产的零件成本低廉,但常规粉末冶金钢的静态、疲劳及耐磨性能的局限性,使粉末冶金零件不能应用于上述领域。为解决这些缺欠,近年来,一直在研发用选择性表面致密化(SSD)改进粉末冶金钢性能的各种生产工艺。特别是,PMG集团开发出了一种拥有专利权的表面致密化工艺——DensiForm。利用这种工艺可使零件表面关键部分形成深度达1mm的完全致密化表面层,而零件心部仍然是多孔性的。这种结合与粉末冶金材料合金化的灵活性,使生产的烧结钢零件的使用性能可与在高应力下使用的锻钢性能相比拟。本文将介绍2个例子,即变速器中应用的表面致密化螺旋齿轮和直齿链条的驱动链轮。本文说明了螺旋齿轮和驱动链轮的生产工艺与显微组织,介绍了轿车变速器用螺旋齿轮的性能(其中包括在三轴总成的成对试验台架上得到的滚动接触疲劳的数据)和表面致密化链轮的材料性能与使用性能。 | Lorenz S Sigl Günter Rau Christian Dennert | 2012 | 粉末冶金技术2012，30，2： | 4 |
| 10 | 表面致密化粉末冶金齿轮的性能显示文摘用压制、烧结及选择性横向辗压表面致密化制造了轿车变速器的粉末冶金螺旋齿轮。在生产的每一道工序中都根据显微组织、齿轮几何形状、表面粗糙度及DIN品质对齿轮的性能演变进行了监控。将粉末冶金齿轮的几何形状和现在变速器中使用的常规生产的锻钢齿轮(DIN品质7)进行了比较。表明,制造的粉末冶金齿轮的品质位于DIN品质8范围以内;而且,证明通过生产工序的改变可减小对中与齿廓的误差。虽然锻钢齿轮的对中与齿廓误差较小,但是粉末冶金齿轮的偏心率与节矩的误差和表面粗糙度较好。 | Lorenz S.Sigl Günter Rau Michael Krehl 韩凤麟(译) | 2012 | 粉末冶金技术2012，30，3： | 4 |
| 11 | 氨基末端脑利钠肽前体与主动脉瓣疾病进展的关系 | Weber M. Arnold R. Rau M. 郭战宏 | 2005 | 世界核心医学期刊文摘(心脏病学分册)2005，0，10： | 4 |
| 12 | Hyperthermia in combined treatment of cancer显示文摘 | P Wust B Hildebrandt G Sreenivasa B Rau J Gellermann H Riess R Felix PM Schlag | 2002 | Lancet Oncology2002，，8： | 2 |
| 13 | Inflammatory mediators in human acute pancreatitis: Clinical and pathophysiological implications显示文摘 | Mager M Rau B | 2000 | Gut2000，47，4： | 2 |
| 14 | Therapeutic Application of Caspase 1/Interleukin-1β-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Decreases the Death Rate in Severe Acute Experimental Pancreatitis显示文摘 | Adam S. Paszkowski Bettina Rau Jens M. Mayer Peter M?ller Hans G. Beger | 2002 | Annals of Surgery2002，，1： | 2 |
| 15 | Clinical relevance of caspase-1 activated cytokines in acute pancreatitis: High correlation of serum interleukin-18 with pancreatic necrosis and systemic complications显示文摘 | Bettina Rau Katja Baumgart Adam S. Paszkowski Jens M. Mayer Hans G. Beger | 2001 | Critical Care Medicine2001，，8： | 2 |
| 16 | 轿车变速器的表面致密化粉末冶金齿轮的使用性能显示文摘选择性表面致密化是改进粉末冶金钢的一种方法,高负载齿轮经过这种加工工艺处理,就能达到使用要求。本文介绍了粉末冶金螺旋齿轮的制造工艺与性能,用三轴总成成对试验台架、承载能力试验台架及噪声试验台架测定了齿轮的使用性能,并把试验结果和具有同样几何形状与表面质量的锻钢齿轮的数据进行了比较。结果表明,粉末冶金齿轮的承载能力与噪声级可和锻钢齿轮相媲美。 | Cünter Rau Lorenz S Sigl Gerold Mrk Frank Wattenberg 韩凤麟 | 2012 | 粉末冶金技术2012，30，4： | 2 |
| 17 | Effect of Adiponectin and Ghrelin on Apoptosis of Barrett Adenocarcinoma Cell Line显示文摘 | Peter C. Konturek Grzegorz Burnat Tilman Rau Eckhart G. Hahn Stanislaw Konturek | 2008 | Digestive Diseases and Sciences2008，，3： | 2 |
| 18 | 同步器系统的粉末冶金零件显示文摘近年来,手动变速器的同步器系统中的关键零件,诸如同步器齿毂与同步器锁环,都在用粉末冶金工艺大量生产。本文首先介绍近年来生产先进同步器齿毂用的高强度粉末冶金钢;然后对碳纤维、烧结摩擦层及Mo丝喷涂衬面3种同步器锁环用摩擦衬面进行了比较,根据压力与滑动速度讨论了其摩擦性能与寿命长短;最后,特别强调了粉末冶金的新发展,诸如滑动齿套与负载齿轮,给出并讨论了滑动齿套的应用试验结果,阐述了表面致密化螺旋齿轮的使用性能,给出了运转-时间试验的结果,并和常规的锻钢齿轮进行了比较。 | Lorenz S Sigl Günter Rau 韩凤麟(译) | 2013 | 粉末冶金技术2013，31，2： | 2 |
| 19 | Surgical treatment of infected necrosis显示文摘 | B. Rau W. Uhl M. W. Buchler H. G. Beger | 1997 | World Journal of Surgery1997，，2： | 2 |
| 20 | Prevention of severe change in acute pancreatitis: prediction and prevention显示文摘 | Hans G. Beger Bettina Rau Rainer Isenmann | 2001 | Journal of Hepato - Biliary - Pancreatic Surgery2001，，2： | 2 |
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