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| 1 | Neutrophil extracellular traps mediate the crosstalk between glioma progression and the tumor microenvironment via the HMGB1/RAGE/IL-8 axis显示文摘Objective:Neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)produced by tumor-infiltrating neutrophils(TINs)are associated with poor prognosis in patients with several types of cancer.However,the mechanisms underlying the involvement of NETs in glioma progression remain largely unknown.This study aimed to elucidate the roles of NETs in biological processes that drive the crosstalk between glioma progression and the tumor microenvironment.Methods:Neutrophil infiltration and NETs formation were investigated in glioma tissue through immunohistochemistry,and their relationships with clinicopathological features and outcomes were statistically evaluated.The effects of NETs on glioma cell progression were studied in a co-culture system.In vivo and in vitro experiments validated the reactive oxygen species activity and cytokine production of TINs,as well as the ERK signaling pathway activation and the metastasis of gliomas.Results:Neutrophil infiltration and NETs formation were induced in high-grade glioma compared with low-grade glioma.NETs induced by TINs were determined to be an oncogenic marker of high-grade gliomas and to be involved in cell proliferation and invasion.NETs overproduction promoted glioma cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.Furthermore,HMGB1 was found to bind to RAGE and activate the NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro.In addition,NETs stimulated the NF-κB signaling pathway,thus promoting IL-8 secretion in glioblastoma.Subsequently,IL-8 recruited neutrophils which in turn mediated NETs formation via the PI3 K/AKT/ROS axis in TINs.Conclusions:Our results suggest that NETs produced by TINs mediate the crosstalk between glioma progression and the tumor microenvironment by regulating the HMGB1/RAGE/IL-8 axis.Targeting NETs formation or IL-8 secretion may be an effective approach to inhibit glioma progression. | Caijun Zha Xiangqi Meng Lulu Li Shan Mi Da Qian Ziwei Li Pengfei Wu Shaoshan Hu Shihong Zhao Jinquan Cai Yanhong Liu | 2020 | Cancer Biology & Medicine2020，17，1： | 19 |
| 2 | Percent free prostate-specific antigen for prostate cancer diagnosis in Chinese men with a PSA of 4.0-10.0 ng/mL:Results from the Chinese Prostate Cancer Consortium显示文摘Objective:To test the diagnostic performance of percent free prostate-specific antigen(%fPSA)in predicting any prostate cancer(PCa)and high-grade prostate cancer(HGPCa)in a retrospective multi-center biopsy cohort with a PSA level of 4.0e10.0 ng/mL in China.Methods:Consecutive patients with a PSA of 4.0-10.0 ng/mL who underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy were enrolled at 16 Chinese medical centers from January 1st,2010 to December 31st,2013.Total and free serum PSA determinations were performed using three types of electro-chemiluminescence immunoassays recalibrated to the World Health Organization(WHO)standard.The diagnostic accuracy of PSA,%fPSA,and %fPSA in combination with PSA(%fPSA t PSA)was determined using the area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve(AUC).Results:A total of 2310 consecutive men with PSA levels between 4.0 and 10.0 ng/mL were included,and the detection rate of PCa was 25.1%.The AUC of%fPSA and %fPSA t PSA in predicting any PCa was superior to PSA alone in men aged≥60 years(0.623 vs.0.534,p<0.0001)but not in men aged 40e59 years(0.517 vs.0.518,p=0.939).Similar result was yield in predicting HGPCa.Conclusion:In a clinical setting of Chinese men with 4.0e10.0 ng/mL PSA undergoing initial prostate biopsy,adding %fPSA to PSA can moderately improve the diagnostic accuracy for any PCa and HGPCa compared with PSA alone in patients≥60 but not in patients aged 40-59 years. | Rui Chen Liping Xie Xiaobing Cai Yiran Huang Liqun Zhou Lulin Ma Xu Gao Chuanliang Xu Shancheng Ren Pengfei Shao Danfeng Xu Kexin Xu Zhangqun Ye Chunxiao Liu Dingwei Ye Li Lu Qiang Fu Jianquan Hou Jianlin Yuan Dalin He Tie Zhou Fubo Wang Biming He Yinghao Sun | 2015 | Asian Journal of Urology2015，2，2： | 8 |
| 3 | Ramp facies in an intracratonic basin:A case study from the Upper Devonian and Lower Carboniferous in central Hunan,southern China显示文摘到在中央湖南的早含碳的碳酸盐岩石的迟了的泥盆纪上的详细研究,南部的中国导致了能被组织进的 25 岩相的识别:(1 ) 内部斜面 peritidal 站台,(2 ) 内部斜面器官的银行和墩,(3 ) 中间的斜面,(4 ) 外部斜面,并且(5 ) 架盆外形协会。peritidal 站台外形协会统治 Zimenqiao 形成(Namurian A 或迟了的 Datangian ) ,显示 peritidal 站台环境并且被石膏和包含 dolostone 序列描绘。另外的四个外形协会统治 Menggongao 形成(迟了的 Famennian ) , Liujiatang 形成(Tournaisian 或 Yangruanian ) , Shidengzi 形成(早 Visean 或早 Datangian ) 。五个浅向上的周期在这三形成被区分。在每形成开发的占优势的外形协会在迟了的泥盆纪表明一个全面 transgressionregression 周期到在中央湖南早含碳。全面 transgressive 顺序在 Shaodong, Menggongao,和 Liujiatang 形成被保存,并且全面回归的顺序在 Liujiatang, Shidengzi, Ceshui 和 Zimenqiao 形成被保存。 | Longyi Shao Dongdong Wang Houan Cai Hao Wang Jing Lu Pengfei Zhang | 2011 | Geoscience Frontiers2011，2，3： | 6 |
| 4 | Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 functions as the cellular receptor for Clostridium difficile toxin B显示文摘作为克积极的、形成孢子的厌氧的杆菌, Clostridium 顽固(C。顽固) 为严重、致命的 pseudomembranous 大肠炎负责,并且形成世界范围的最迫切的抗菌素抵抗威胁。流行 C。顽固全球性是联系抗菌素的腹泻的领先的原因,特别由于 hypervirulent 的出现,种类与高死亡和病态联系了的腹泻。TcdB,关键毒力因素之一由这个细菌藏匿了,通过糟糕理解的机制进入主人房间得到它的病原的效果。这里,我们报导 TcdB 细胞的受体的第一鉴定, chondroitin 硫酸盐 proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4 ) 。CSPG4 开始从屏蔽的一个整个染色体的人的 shRNAmir 图书馆被孤立,并且它的角色被证实由调停 TALEN 并且在人的房间的 CRISPR/Cas9-mediated 基因大美人。CSPG4 为对房间表面有约束力的 TcdB 是批评的,导致细胞骨架混乱和房间死亡。在 CSPG4 的 N 终点和 TcdB 的 C 终点之间的一个直接相互作用被证实,并且 CSPG4 的毒素绑定领域的可溶的肽能保护房间免受 TcdB 的行动的伤害。尤其是, CSPG4/NG2 的完全的损失减少了在没有显著地影响动物死亡的老鼠的被触发 TcdB 的 interleukin-8 正式就职。基于两个在里面 vitro 并且在 vivo 研究,我们为 TcdB endocytosis 建议一个双受体的模型。第一 TcdB 受体的发现为 CSPG4 揭示一个以前不受怀疑的角色并且为 C 的处理提供一个新治疗学的目标。顽固感染。 | Pengfei Yuan Hongmin Zhang Changzu Cai Shiyou Zhu Yuexin Zhou Xiaozhou Yang Ruina He Chan Li Shengjie Guo Shan Li Tuxiong Huang Gregorio Perez-Cordon Hanping Feng Wensheng Wei | 2015 | Cell Research2015，25，2： | 6 |
| 5 | The trend of the APRGP velocity field and plates movement derived from GPS data显示文摘High-precision data processing theories and methods for the wide area GPS network–––Asia Pacific Regional Geodesy Project (APRGP), are systematically discussed in this article. With the software bernese5.0 update, the annual results of APRGP coordinate, velocity field and the trend of plate movement are reestimated, and the corresponding accuracy of adjustment with different constraints, also the velocity field of APRGP, are presented and analyzed. Conclusions could be drawn that Eurasian plate (EURA) rotates clockwise, the Australian plate (AUST) and the Indian plate (INDI) move from southwest to northeast, while the Pacific plate (PCFC) is drifting to northwest, which shows agreement with those of IGS results. | CHENG PengFei , WANG Hua, CHENG YingYan, WEN HanJiang & CAI YanHui Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing 100039, China | 2010 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2010，53，4： | 5 |
| 6 | Genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies synthetic lethality between DOCK1 inhibition and metformin in liver cancer显示文摘Metformin is currently a strong candidate anti-tumor agent in multiple cancers.However,its anti-tumor effectiveness varies among different cancers or sub-populations,potentially due to tumor heterogeneity.It thus remains unclear which hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patient subpopulation(s)can benefit from met-formin treatment.Here,through a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9-based knockout screen,we find that DOCK1 levels determine the anti-tumor effects of met-formin and that DOCK1 is a synthetic lethal target of metformin in HCC.Mechanistically,metformin promotes DOCK1 phosphorylation,which activates RAC1 to facilitate cell survival,leading to metformin resistance.The DOCK1-selective inhibitor,TBOPP,potentiates anti-tumor activity by metformin in vitro in liver cancer cell lines and patient-derived HCC organoids,and in vivo in xenografted liver cancer cells and immunocompetent mouse liver cancer models.Notably,metformin improves overall survival of HCC patients with low DOCK1 levels but not among patients with high DOCK1 expression.This study shows that metformin effective-ness depends on DOCK1 levels and that combining metformin with DOCK1 inhibition may provide a promising personalized therapeutic strategy for met-formin-resistant HCC patients. | Junru Feng Hui Lu Wenhao Ma Wenjing Tian Zhuan Lu Hongying Yang Yongping Cai Pengfei Cai Yuchen Sun Zilong Zhou Jiaqian Feng Jiazhong Deng Ying Shu Kun Qu Weidong Jia Ping Gao Huafeng Zhang | 2022 | Protein & Cell2022，13，11： | 5 |
| 7 | Generation of tooth-like structures from integration-free human urine induced pluripotent stem cells显示文摘Background:Tooth is vital not only for a good smile,but also good health.Yet,we lose tooth regularly due to accidents or diseases.An ideal solution to this problem is to regenerate tooth with patients’own cells.Here we describe the generation of tooth-like structures from integration-free human urine induced pluripotent stem cells(ifhU-iPSCs).Results:We first differentiated ifhU-iPSCs to epithelial sheets,which were then recombined with E14.5 mouse dental mesenchymes.Tooth-like structures were recovered from these recombinants in 3 weeks with success rate up to 30%for 8 different iPSC lines,comparable to H1 hESC.We further detected that ifhU-iPSC derived epithelial sheets differentiated into enamel-secreting ameloblasts in the tooth-like structures,possessing physical properties such as elastic modulus and hardness found in the regular human tooth.Conclusion:Our results demonstrate that ifhU-iPSCs can be used to regenerate patient specific dental tissues or even tooth for further drug screening or regenerative therapies. | Jinglei Cai Yanmei Zhang Pengfei Liu Shubin Chen Xuan Wu Yuhua Sun Ang Li Ke Huang Rongping Luo Lihui Wang Ying Liu Ting Zhou Shicheng Wei Guangjin Pan Duanqing Pei | 2013 | Cell Regeneration2013，2，1： | 4 |
| 8 | Approximate Perturbation Stance Map of the SLIP Runner and Application to Locomotion Control显示文摘 | Haitao Yu Mantian Li Pengfei Wang Hegao Cai | 2012 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2012，9，4： | 4 |
| 9 | Uranium Metallogenic Regionalization and Resource Potential in China显示文摘This paper is comprehensively involved in main types of uranium deposits and their general metallogenic characteristics, metallogenic fields, provinces, regions and belts, and uranium resources potential evaluation. Generally speaking, there are favorable conditions and good uranium resources potential for uranium mineralization in China. | LI Ziying ZHANG Jindai JIAN Xiaofei CAI Yuqi GUO Qingyin ZHU Pengfei | 2012 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2012，86，3： | 4 |
| 10 | Complete decoding of TAL effectors for DNA recognition显示文摘 | Ju n jiao Yang Yuan Zhang Pengfei Yuan Yuexin Zhou Changzu Cai Qingpeng Ren Dingqiao Wen Coco Chu Hai Qi Wensheng Wei | 2014 | Cell Research2014，24，5： | 3 |
| 11 | High-purity magnesium pin enhances bone consolidation in distraction osteogenesis via regulating Ptch protein activating Hedgehog-alternative Wnt signaling显示文摘Magnesium alloys are promising biomaterials for orthopedic implants because of their degradability,osteogenic effects,and biocompatibility.Magnesium has been proven to promote distraction osteogenesis.However,its mechanism of promoting distraction osteogenesis is not thoroughly studied.In this work,a high-purity magnesium pin developed and applied in rat femur distraction osteogenesis.Mechanical test,radiological and histological analysis suggested that high-purity magnesium pin can promote distraction osteogenesis and shorten the consolidation time.Further RNA sequencing investigation found that alternative Wnt signaling was activated.In further bioinformatics analysis,it was found that the Hedgehog pathway is the upstream signaling pathway of the alternative Wnt pathway.We found that Ptch protein is a potential target of magnesium and verified by molecular dynamics that magnesium ions can bind to Ptch protein.In conclusion,HP Mg implants have the potential to enhance bone consolidation in the DO application,and this process might be via regulating Ptch protein activating Hedgehog-alternative Wnt signaling. | Musha Hamushan Weijie Cai Yubo Zhang Zun Ren Jiafei Du Shaoxiang Zhang Changli Zhao Pengfei Cheng Xiaonong Zhang Hao Shen Pei Han | 2021 | Bioactive Materials2021，6，6： | 3 |
| 12 | Safety of endovascular therapy for symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis:a national prospective registry显示文摘Introduction The safety outcomes of endovascular therapy for intracranial artery stenosis in a real-world stetting are largely unknown.The Clinical Registration Trial of Intracranial Stenting for Patients with Symptomatic Intracranial Artery Stenosis(CRTICAS)was a prospective,multicentre,real-world registry designed to assess these outcomes and the impact of centre experience.Methods 1140 severe,symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis(ICAS)patients treated with endovascular therapy were included from 26 centres,further divided into three groups according to the annual centre volume of intracranial angioplasty and stent placement procedures over 2 years:(1)high volume for≥25 cases/year;(2)moderate volume for 10–25 cases/year and(3)low volume for<10 cases/year.Results The rate of 30-day stroke,transient ischaemic attack or death was 9.7%(111),with 5.4%,21.1%and 9.7%in high-volume,moderate-volume and low-volume centres,respectively(p<0.05).Multivariable logistic regression confirmed high-volume centres had a significantly lower primary endpoint compared with moderate-volume centres(OR=0.187,95%CI:0.056 to 0.627;p≤0.0001),while moderate-volume and low-volume centres showed no significant difference(p=0.8456).Conclusion Compared with the preceding randomised controlled trials,this real-world,prospective,multicentre registry shows a lower complication rate of endovascular treatment for symptomatic ICAS.Non-uniform utilisation in endovascular technology,institutional experience and patient selection in different volumes of centres may have an impact on overall safety of this treatment. | Yabing Wang Tao Wang Adam Andrew Dmytriw Kun Yang Liqun Jiao Huaizhang Shi Jie Lu Tianxiao Li Yujie Huang Zhenwei Zhao Wei Wu Jieqing Wan Qinjian Sun Bo Hong Yongli Li Liyong Zhang Jianfeng Chu Qiong Cheng Yiling Cai Pengfei Wang Qi Luo Hua Yang Baijing Dong Yang Zhang Jun Zhao Zuoquan Chen Wei Li Xiaoxin Bai Weiwen He Xueli Cai Maimai Ti Osama O Zaidat | 2022 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2022，7，2： | 3 |
| 13 | Neural progenitor cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells generated less autogenous immune response显示文摘The breakthrough development of induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs)raises the prospect of patient-specific treatment for many diseases through the replacement of affected cells.However,whether iPSC-derived functional cell lineages generate a deleterious immune response upon auto-transplantation remains unclear.In this study,we differentiated five human iPSC lines from skin fibroblasts and urine cells into neural progenitor cells(NPCs)and analyzed their immunogenicity.Through co-culture with autogenous peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs),we showed that both somatic cells and iPSC-derived NPCs do not stimulate significant autogenous PBMC proliferation.However,a significant immune reaction was detected when these cells were co-cultured with allogenous PBMCs.Furthermore,no significant expression of perforin or granzyme B was detected following stimulation of autogenous immune effector cells(CD3+CD8 T cells,CD3+CD8+T cells or CD3 CD56+NK cells)by NPCs in both PBMC and T cell co-culture systems.These results suggest that human iPSC-derived NPCs may not initiate an immune response in autogenous transplants,and thus set a base for further preclinical evaluation of human iPSCs. | HUANG Ke LIU PengFei LI Xiang CHEN ShuBin WANG LiHui QIN Li SU ZhengHui HUANG WenHao LIU JuLi JIA Bei LIU Jie CAI JingLei PEI DuanQing PAN GuangJin | 2014 | Science China(Life Sciences)2014，57，2： | 3 |
| 14 | Steady-state coupled analysis of flowfields and thermochemical erosion of C/C nozzles in hybrid rocket motors显示文摘A hybrid rocket can be used in various applications and is an attractive propulsion system.However,serious erosion of nozzles is common in motor firing operations,which could restrict the application of hybrid rocket motors.Usually,the serious erosion is attributed to the high concentration of oxidizing species in hybrid motors,while the details of flowfields in the motors are not paid special attention to.In this paper,first the thermochemical erosion of C/C nozzle is simulated coupled with the flowfields in a 98%H2O2/hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene(HTPB)hybrid rocket motor.The simulation is made on a typical axisymmetric motor,including a pre-combustion chamber,an aft-combustion chamber and nozzle structures.Thermochemical reactions of H2O,CO2,OH,O and O2with C are taken into account.Second,the change of flowfields due to fuel regression during motor firing operations is considered.Nozzle erosion in different flowfields is evaluated.Third,the results of nozzle erosion in the coupled simulation are compared with those under uniform and chemical equilibrium flow and motor firing test results.The results of simulation and firing tests indicate that the thermochemical erosion of nozzles in hybrid motors should be calculated coupled with flowfields in the motor.In uniform and chemical equilibrium flowfields,the erosion rate is overestimated.The diffusion flame in hybrid motors protects the nozzle surface from the injected oxidizer and high temperature products in flowfields,leading to a relatively fuel-rich environment above the nozzle.The influence of OH and the geometry of motor should also be considered in the evaluation of nozzle erosion in hybrid motors. | ZHAO Sheng TIAN Hui WANG PengFei YU NanJia CAI GuoBiao | 2015 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2015，58，3： | 2 |
| 15 | Solid rocket motor propellant grain burnback simulation based on fast minimum distance function calculation and improved marching tetrahedron method显示文摘To efficiently compute arbitrary propellant grain evolution of the burning surface with uniform and non-uniform burning rate for solid rocket motor,a unified framework of burning surface regression simulation has been developed based on minimum distance function.In order to speed up the computation of the mini-mum distance between grid nodes of grain and the triangular mesh of burning surface,a fast distance querying method based on the equal size cube voxel structure was employed.An improved marching tetrahedron method based on piecewise linear approximation was carried out on second-order tetrahedral elements,achieved high-efficiency and adequate accuracy of burning surface extraction simultaneously.The cases of star grain,finocyl grain,and non-uniform tube grain were studied to verify the proposed method.The observed result indicates that the grain burnback computation method could realize the accurate simulation on unstructured tetrahedral mesh with a desirable performance on computational time. | Pengfei REN Hongbo WANG Guofeng ZHOU Jiani LI Qiang CAI Jiaquan YU Ya YUAN | 2021 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2021，34，4： | 2 |
| 16 | Bidirectional effect of Wnt signaling antagonist DKK1 on the modulation of anthrax toxin uptake显示文摘LRP6,a co-receptor for the morphogen Wnt,aids endocytosis of anthrax complexes.Here we report that Dickkopf1(DKK1)protein,a secreted LRP6 ligand and antagonist,is also a modulator of anthrax toxin sensitivity.shRNA-mediated gene silencing or TALEN-mediated gene knockout of DKK1 reduced sensitivity of cells to PA-dependent hybrid toxins.However,unlike the solely inhibitory effect on Wnt signaling,the effects of DKK1 overexpression on anthrax toxicity were bidirectional,depending on its endogenous expression and cell context.Fluorescence microscopy and biochemical analyses showed that DKK1 facilitates internalization of anthrax toxins and their receptors,an event mediated by DKK1-LRP6-Kremen2 complex.Monoclonal antibodies against DKK1 provided dose-dependent protection to macrophages from killing by anthrax lethal toxin(LT).Our discovery that DKK1 forms ternary structure with LRP6 and Kremen2 in promoting PA-mediated toxin internalization provides a paradigm for bacterial exploitation of mechanisms that host cells use to internalize signaling proteins. | QIAN LiLi CAI ChangZu YUAN PengFei JEONG Sun-Young YANG XiaoZhou DEALMEIDA Venita ERNST James COSTA Michael COHEN Stanley N. WEI WenSheng | 2014 | Science China(Life Sciences)2014，57，5： | 2 |
| 17 | 重污染郊区环境中二氧化碳垂直分布的观测和模拟显示文摘CO2垂直分布对于大气传输模式和遥感测量的校准和验证非常重要。由于传统仪器质量大,配套系统体积大,边界层内CO2的原位测量比较少见。本研究利用基于低成本非分散红外(NDIR)传感器的微型化CO2监测仪器,搭载在系留气艇上,测量河北省石家庄西南部低对流层(0–1000米)的CO2垂直分布和气象参数。低成本传感器与传统气相色谱分析仪测得的结果一致,CO2浓度的总体趋势随高度增加而下降。研究结果有助于直接分析大气边界层中CO2浓度的垂直结构,为WRF等大气传输模式的校准和验证提供基础数据。 | BAO Zhongxiu HAN Pengfei ZENG Ning LIU Di CAI Qixiang WANG Yinghong TANG Guiqian ZHENG Ke YAO Bo | 2020 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2020，13，4： | 2 |
| 18 | A Parallel Actuated Pantograph Leg for High-speed Locomotion显示文摘高速度的跑是在结构的设计和控制上要求严格的限制的 legged 机器人的地里的最重要的话题之一。为了解决高加速,高精力消费,高步频率和地面的问题,在高速度的运动期间影响,这份报纸论述一条平行激活的缩放仪腿与一近似 decoupled 配置。在轻重量,高负担能力,高机械的效率和结构的稳定性的明白表示的腿特征。在控制点和脚之间的力量和位置的类似特征被分析。使动态表演担心,被腿惯性的全面评估小心地优化并且集中在最大的脚轨道以内的关键设计参数, K 1 和 K 2, 。合并装载转换摆钟(SLIP ) 模型和活跃力量也是的虚拟春天的控制策略建议测试设计。没有机械弹簧,策略能实现高度灵活的阻抗,它实质地简化设计并且在高速度的跑期间满足可变僵硬要求。结构的合理性和控制法律的有效性被模拟和实验验证。 | Wei Guo Changrong Cai Mantian Li Fusheng Zha Pengfei Wang Kenan Wang | 2017 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2017，14，2： | 2 |
| 19 | β-tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles adhered carbon nanofibrous membrane for human osteoblasts cell culture显示文摘 | Haiyang Liu Qing Cai Pengfei Lian Zhou Fang Shun Duan Xiaoping Yang Xuliang Deng Seungkon Ryu | 2010 | Materials Letters2010，，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Co-parasitism of intestinal protozoa and Schistosoma japonicum in a rural community in the Philippines显示文摘Background:Co-parasitism is a frequent occurrence in impoverished communities in the tropics resulting in a considerable disease burden.While there are extensive reports of intestinal helminthiases,including schistosomiasis japonica,the occurrence and extent of diseases caused by intestinal protozoa(IP)have yet to be investigated in depth in the Philippines.We present a detailed analysis of polyparasitism in a rural community of Northern Samar,focusing on co-infections of IP with Schistosoma japonicum.Methods:A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in 2015 across 18 barangays(villages)endemic for S.japonicum in Northern Samar,the Philippines to assess the burden of human schistosomiasis and IP infections.Faecal samples collected from 412 participants from the 18 barangays were included in the final molecular analysis.A multiplex quantitative PCR assay was developed and used for the detection of Blastocystis spp.,Entamoeba histolytica,Cryptosporidium spp.and Giardia duodenalis in stool samples.The findings were combined with previous results of droplet digital PCR diagnosis of individuals from the same 18 barangays infected with S.japonicum determined using the same stool samples for analysis.Results:Mean age of the study participants was 40.3 years(95%CI:38.8-41.8)with 53%(n=218)being males.Prevalence of S.japonicum(74.5%)and Blastocystis spp.(58.7%)was significantly higher compared to other infections,with E.histolytica having the lowest prevalence(12.1%).A majority of individuals were infected with more than one parasite with two infections being most common(n=175,42.5%).The prevalence of individuals with two parasites was significantly higher than all others with 27.9%(n=115)subjects harbouring a single parasite species.Of individuals with two infections,S.japonicum and Blastocystis spp.were the most common combination(n=110,62.9%).Examining age within the population,58.5%(n=38)of school-aged children and 60.1%(n=14)of women of child bearing age harboured at least two parasite species.Conclusions:The study revealed that polyparasitism with IP infections and schistosomiasis japonica is highly prevalent in individuals in Northern Samar which likely contributes to the significant public health and socio-economic burden suffered by this population.More generally,the findings are of relevance when considering implementation of integrated control strategies for intestinal parasites. | Kosala Gayan Weerakoon Catherine AGordon Gail M.Williams Pengfei Cai Geoffrey N.Gobert Remigio M.Olveda Allen G.Ross David U.Olveda Donald P.McManus | 2018 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2018，7，1： | 1 |
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