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| 1 | 极高强度他汀治疗对冠状动脉粥样硬化消退的影响——ASTEROID试验显示文摘背景:以前的血管内超声(intravascular ultrasound,IVUS)试验证实,他汀治疗可减缓或阻止动脉粥样硬化的进展,但是迄今尚无应用动脉粥样斑块体积百分比(percent atheroma volume,PAV)证实粥样硬化消退的确切证据。PAV是最严格的评价病变进展和消退的IVUS测量指标。
目标:评价极高强度他汀治疗是否能逆转IVUS确定的冠状动脉粥样硬化。
设计和地点:于美国、加拿大、欧洲和澳大利亚53个社区和3级保健中心进行前瞻性开标盲法终点试验(A Study to Evaluate the Effect of Rosuvastatin on Intravascular Ultrasound-Derived Coronary Atheroma Burden,ASTEROID)。应用马达驱动回撤IVUS评价基线和治疗24个月时冠状动脉粥样斑块负荷。每对基线和随访IVUS测量结果均进行盲法分析。
病例:从2002年11月到2003年10月,507例患者有基线IVUS检查结果,并接受至少1个剂量的研究药物。在24个月后,349例患者具有可用于评估的系列IVUS检查结果。
干预:所有患者均接受瑞舒伐他汀40ms/d强化治疗。
主要观测指标:预先设定了两个一级疗效指标:PAV变化和基线最严重病变10min节段动脉粥样斑块体积变化。二级疗效指标为整个动脉标准化总斑块体积的变化。结果:平均(SD)LDL—C水平由基线时的130.4(34.3)ms/dL降至60.8(20.0)ms/扎,平均下降了53.2%(P〈0.001)。平均(SD)HDL-C水平从基线时的43.1(11.1)ms/dL升至49.0(12.6)ms/dL,平均增加了14.7%(P〈0.001)。整个血管PAV平均(SD)变化为-0.98%(3.15%),中位数为-0.79%(97.5%CI,-1.21%~-0.53%)(与基线比较,P〈0.001)。最严重病变10min节段斑块体积平均(SD)变化为-6.1(10.1)mm^3,中位数为-5.6mm^3(97.5%CI,-6.8~-4.0mm^3)(与基线比较,P〈0.001)。总斑块体积变化中位数降低了6.8%,平均减少了-14.7(25.7)mm^3,中位数为-12.5mm^3(95%CI,-15.1~-10.5mm^3)(与基线比较,P〈0.001)。不良事件少见,与其他他汀试验相似。
结论:应用瑞舒伐他汀40ms/d进行极高强度他汀治疗可使LDL-C平均水平达到60.8ms/dL,使HDL—C增加14.7%。这导致所有3个预先设定的IVUS斑块负荷指标均显示动脉粥样硬化消退。因此,将LDL-C降至低于目前指南规定的水平,同时显著提高HDL-C,可以使冠心病患者动脉粥样硬化斑块消退。这些变化对临床预后的影响尚需进一步研究确定。 | Steven E. Nissen Stephen J. Nicholls Ilks Sipahi Peter Libby Joel S. Raichlen Christie M. Ballantyne Jean Davignon Raimund Erbel Jean Charles Fruchart Jean-Claude Tardif Paul Schoenhagen Tim Crowe Valerie Cain Kathy Wolski Marlene Coormastic E. Murat Tuzcu 仝其广(译) 王淑敏(译) 胡大一(校) | 2006 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)2006，25，4： | 341 |
| 2 | 他汀、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与冠状动脉粥样硬化消退显示文摘背景:他汀类药物可以降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low—density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL—C)水平并减缓冠状动脉粥样硬化的进展。然而,对于他汀类药物所致高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high—density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL—C)变化与疾病进展的关系,目前仍无相关数据描述。目的:了解LDL—C和HDL—C水平变化与动脉粥样硬化的相互关系。设计、地点及患者:对4项前瞻性随机试验(1999~2005年在美国、北美、欧洲和澳大利亚进行)的原始数据进行事后分析。其中1455例经血管造影证实的冠心病患者在接受他汀治疗(18个月或24个月)时进行了系列血管内超声扫描。所有超声分析均在相同的核心实验室中进行。主要观测指标:脂蛋白水平变化与冠状动脉粥样斑块体积的相互关系。结果:他汀治疗期间,LDL—C平均(SD)水平从124.0(38.3)mg,/dL(3.2[0.99]mmol/L)降至87.5(28.8)mg,/dL(2.3[0.75]mmol/L)(下降23.5%;P〈0.001),HDL—C水平从42.5(11.0)mg/dL(1.1[0.28]mmol/L)升至45.1(11.4)mg/dL(1.2[0.29]mmol/L)(上升7.5%;P〈0.001)。LDL—C与HDL—C比值从平均(SD)3.0(1.1)降至2.1(0.9)(下降26.7%;P〈0.001)。这些变化同时伴随平均(SD)百分粥样斑块体积的增加(从39.7%[9.8%]增至40.1%[9.7%])(增加0.5%[3.9%];P=0.001)以及平均(SD)总粥样斑块体积的减小(2.4[23.6]mm^3;P〈0.001)。在单变量分析中,LDL—C、总胆固醇、非HDL胆固醇、载脂蛋白B以及载脂蛋白B与载脂蛋白A-1比值平均水平和治疗引起的变化与动脉粥样硬化进展速率显著相关,而治疗所致HDL—C变化则与动脉粥样斑块体积负相关。在多变量分析中,平均LDL—C水平(β系数,0.11[95%可信区间,0.07~0.15])以及HDL—C升高(β系数,-0.26[95%可信区间,-0.41--0.10])依然为动脉粥样硬化消退的独立预测因子。动脉硬化显著消退(动脉粥样斑块体积减少≥5%)见于治疗期间LDL—C水平低于均值(87.5mg/dL)和HDL—C升高百分比大于均值(7.5%;P〈0.001)的患者。临床事件的发生未见显著差异。结论:在LDL—C显著降低以及HDL上升〉7.5%时,他汀治疗与冠状动脉粥样硬化消退相关。这些结果提示他汀治疗的获益源自致动脉粥样硬化脂蛋白的降低以及HDL.C的升高。尽管血脂水平的这些变化与动脉粥样硬化消退相关,但是后者是否可以转化为临床事件的显著减少,并改善临床预后仍有待进一步研究确定。 | Stephen J. Nicholls, MBBS, PhD E. Murat Tuzcu, MD IIke Sipahi, MD Adam W. Grasso, MD Paul Schoenhagen, MD Tingfei Hu, MS Kathy Wolski, MPH Tim Crowe, BS Milind Y. Desai, MD Stanley L. Hazen, MD, PhD Samir R. Kapadia, MD Steven E. Nissen, MD 李呈亿(译) | 2007 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)2007，26，3： | 48 |
| 3 | Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) attenuates nflammation in MRL/Ipr mouse mesangial cells显示文摘 | Abigail Peairs Rujuan Dai Lu Gan Samuel Shimp M Nichole Rylander Liwu Li Christopher M Reilly | 2010 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2010，7，2： | 12 |
| 4 | Contribution of national bioassessment approaches for assessing ecological water security: an AUSRIVAS case study显示文摘 | Susan J. NICHOLS Fiona J. DYER | 2013 | Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering2013，7，5： | 10 |
| 5 | Role of CD56-expressing immature biliary epithelial cells in biliary atresia显示文摘AIM: To analyze the clinical and pathological parameters and expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule(CD56) in patients with biliary atresia(BA).METHODS: Established clinical laboratory markers of hepatic function, including enzyme activity, protein synthesis, and bilirubin metabolism, were evaluated in patients with BA and compared with those in patients with choledochal cysts and neonatal hepatitis. Pathological changes in tissue morphology and fibrosis were examined by histological and tissue collagen staining. Immunohistochemical staining for the biliary epithelial cell markers CD56 and CK19 together with the Notch signaling related molecules Notch1 and Notch2 was performed in the context of alterations in the structure of intrahepatic biliary ducts.RESULTS: Differences in some clinical laboratoryparameters among the three diseases examined were observed, but they did not correlate with the pathological classification of fibrosis in BA. Immunohistochemical staining showed the presence of CD56-positive immature bile ducts in most patients(74.5%) with BA but not in patients with choledochal cysts or neonatal hepatitis. The number of CD56-expressing cells correlated with disease severity, with more positive cells present in the later stages of liver damage(81.8% vs 18.2%). Furthermore, bile plugs were mainly found in CD56-positive immature biliary ducts. Notch signaling was a key regulatory pathway in biliary duct formation and played a role in tissue fibrosis. Notch1 was co-expressed in CD56-positive cells, whereas Notch2 was found exclusively in blood vessels in the portal area of patients with BA. CONCLUSION: The maturation of biliary epithelial cells and the expression of Notch may play a role in the pathogenesis of BA. | Rui-Zhong Zhang Jia-Kang Yu Jiao Peng Feng-Hua Wang Hai-Ying Liu Vincent CH Lui John M Nicholls Paul KH Tam Jonathan R Lamb Yan Chen Hui-Min Xia | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，8： | 8 |
| 6 | Cavernous hemangioma of adult pancreas: A case report and literature review显示文摘Pancreatic hemangioma is a rare type of benign vascular tumor.Low clinical suspicion and inability of current cross sectional imaging techniques to differentiate it from other pancreatic lesions,contribute to the difficulty in making the correct diagnosis.Without a definitive diagnosis,and due to concern for malignancy,in many instances,surgery is performed.We report a case of pancreas cavernous hemangioma in an 18-yearold female.The patient presented with three-month history of epigastric pain.Physical examination and routine blood tests were normal.Abdominal Computed Tomography scan revealed a 5 cm × 6 cm complex nonenhancing cystic mass in the head of pancreas.Magnetic resonance imaging,endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS) and EUS guided fine needle aspiration cytology were non-diagnostic.Because of uncontrolled symptoms,the patient underwent surgical resection.Histopathology and Immunohistochemical staining confirmed the diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma of pancreas. | Utpal Mondal Nichole Henkes David Henkes Laura Rosenkranz | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，33： | 7 |
| 7 | High-density lipoproteins:an emerging target in the prevention of cardiovascular disease显示文摘高密度的脂蛋白(HDL ) 很好被建立了免于动脉粥样硬化患者的发展心血管的疾病。除了反向的胆固醇运输的提升, HDL 拥有可以在动脉的墙上贡献他们的有益的影响的很多个另外的功能的性质,变得明显。很多令人激动的治疗学的策略被开发了免于动脉粥样硬化患者的发展的那目标 HDL 和它的能力匾。这篇论文将考察 HDL 的功能的性质的提升怎么与确定的疾病在病人禁止动脉粥样硬化患者匾和 stabilises 损害的形成。 | Belinda A Cutri Neil J Hime Stephen J Nicholls | 2006 | Cell Research2006，16，10： | 6 |
| 8 | Urban and river flooding:Comparison of flood risk management approaches in the UK and China and an assessment of future knowledge needs显示文摘Increased urbanisation,economic growth,and long-term climate variability have made both the UK and China more susceptible to urban and river flooding,putting people and property at increased risk.This paper presents a review of the current flooding challenges that are affecting the UK and China and the actions that each country is undertaking to tackle these problems.Particular emphases in this paper are laid on(1)learning from previous flooding events in the UK and China,and(2)which management methodologies are commonly used to reduce flood risk.The paper concludes with a strategic research plan suggested by the authors,together with proposed ways to overcome identified knowledge gaps in flood management.Recommendations briefly comprise the engagement of all stakeholders to ensure a proactive approach to land use planning,early warning systems,and water-sensitive urban design or redesign through more effective policy,multi-level flood models,and data driven models of water quantity and quality. | Matteo Rubinato Andrew Nichols Yong Peng Jian-min Zhang Craig Lashford Yan-peng Cai Peng-zhi Lin Simon Tait | 2019 | Water Science and Engineering2019，12，4： | 6 |
| 9 | Identification and characterization of a new member of the TNF family that induces apoptosis显示文摘 | Steven R. Wiley Ken Schooley Pamela J. Smolak Wenie S. Din Chang-Pin Huang Jillian K. Nicholl Grant R. Sutherland Terri Davis Smith Charles Rauch Craig A. Smith Raymond G. Goodwin | 1995 | Immunity1995，，6： | 6 |
| 10 | Utility of MtCOI polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in differentiating between Q and B whitefly Bemisia tabaci biotypes显示文摘侵略,杀虫药剂抵抗, Q 白苍蝇遗传因子型,逐渐地经由植物材料的调停人的运动包括 US 传播了到另外的国家。我们估计了基于 VspI 的 mtCOI 的用途(线粒体细胞色素 oxidase 我) 是的聚合酶链反应限制碎片长度多型性(PCR-RFLP ) 技术为在亚利桑那把 Q 区分开来与主导的 B 遗传因子型的一种快速、划算、可靠的选择。用定序的标准 mtCOI 基因和 mtCOI PCR-RFLP 技术,我们八个白苍蝇五个个人拉紧的 biotyped 各在亚利桑那在不同地点从一品红和棉花收集了。完全的词语索引在二个方法之间被观察,与作为象 B 遗传因子型的 Q 遗传因子型和五件样品被识别的三紧张。我们也在在 GenBank 数据库当前可得到的 B 和 Q 遗传因子型白人苍蝇为 VspI 多型性扫描了 mtCOI 基因序列。这全球屏蔽分别地为 Q 和 B 遗传因子型揭示了三和四种 VspI 多态的类型的存在。不过,所有三个 VspI 多态的 Q 遗传因子型白人苍蝇分享了能被用来把 Q 遗传因子型区分开来与识别的四个 VspI 多态的 B 遗传因子型白人苍蝇的一个普通、唯一的 VspI 地点。这些结果证明基于 VspI 的 mtCOI 基因 PCR-RFLP 为区分白色在 US 并且在其它地方飞的 Q 和 B 遗传因子型提供一个可靠诊断工具。 | Wei-Hua Ma Xian-Chun Li Timothy J. Dennehy Chao-Liang Lei Mo Wang Benjamin A. Degain Robert L. Nichols | 2009 | Insect Science2009，16，2： | 5 |
| 11 | 邓恩桉生长特性与生长应变研究显示文摘[目的]通过研究邓恩桉的生长特性和生长应变,为邓恩桉木材利用提供科学数据。[方法]以9.5年生人工林邓恩桉为研究对象,测定和评估树高(Ht)、胸径(DBH)、胸高比(DBH/Ht)、生长应变,并分析生长应变与生长性状的相关性。[结果]邓恩桉树高、胸径和生长应变的小区间差异显著。胸径和生长应变的变化幅度分别为10.2~24.5 cm,-0.227~-0.064 mm。生长应变水平在上坡方向显著高于下坡方向。邓恩桉生长应变与树高、胸径、胸高比无显著相关性。[结论]邓恩桉可作为速生材培育,邓恩桉木材的生长应力不受生长性状的影响。实现高生长和选择低应力水平的速生邓恩桉作为实木加工是可行的。 | 叶露 J.Doland Nichols Carolyn A.Raymond Kevin Glencross | 2013 | 安徽农业科学2013，41，10： | 5 |
| 12 | Using collaborative filtering to weave an information tapestry显示文摘 | David Goldberg David Nichols Brian M. Oki Douglas Terry | 1992 | Communications of the ACM1992，，12： | 5 |
| 13 | 他汀类药物、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和冠状动脉粥样硬化减退显示文摘背景:他汀类药物可降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平并延缓冠状动脉粥样硬化的进展。但目前尚无资料描述他汀类药物所致高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)变化与疾病进展之间的关系。目的:研究LDL-C及HDL-C水平变化与粥样斑块负荷之间的关系。设计、机构和参与者:对4项前瞻性随机试验(1999-2005年分别在美国、北美、欧洲和澳大利亚进行)的原始资料进行事后分析。这些试验共纳入1455例经血管造影确诊冠心病的患者,患者均在接受他汀类药物治疗18个月或24个月时进行系列血管内超声检查。所有研究的超声分析均在同一个中心实验室进行。 | Nicholls S.J. Tuzcu E.M. Sipahi I. 奚群英 | 2007 | 世界核心医学期刊文摘(心脏病学分册)2007，3，7： | 4 |
| 14 | Brine Shrimp: A Convenient General Bioassay for Active Plant Constituents显示文摘 | B. Meyer N. Ferrigni J. Putnam L. Jacobsen D. Nichols J. McLaughlin | 1982 | Planta Med1982，，05： | 3 |
| 15 | Physical Model Testing of Compaction Grouting in Cohesionless Soil显示文摘 | Silas C. Nichols Deborah J. Goodings | 2000 | Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering2000，，9： | 3 |
| 16 | Percutaneous Intraductal Radiofrequency Ablation is a Safe Treatment for Malignant Biliary Obstruction: Feasibility and Early Results显示文摘 | Malkhaz Mizandari Madhava Pai Feng Xi Vlastimil Valek Andrasina Tomas Pietro Quaretti Rita Golfieri Cristina Mosconi Ao Guokun Charis Kyriakides Robert Dickinson Joanna Nicholls Nagy Habib | 2013 | CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology2013，，3： | 3 |
| 17 | Functional Expression Cloning of Nanog, a Pluripotency Sustaining Factor in Embryonic Stem Cells显示文摘 | Ian Chambers Douglas Colby Morag Robertson Jennifer Nichols Sonia Lee Susan Tweedie Austin Smith | 2003 | Cell2003，，5： | 3 |
| 18 | Xylose: absorption, fermentation, and post-absorptive metabolism in the pig显示文摘Xylose, as β-1,4-linked xylan, makes up much of the hemicel ulose in cel wal s of cereal carbohydrates fed to pigs. As inclusion of fibrous ingredients in swine diets continues to increase, supplementation of carbohydrases, such as xylanase,is of interest. However, much progress is warranted to achieve consistent enzyme efficacy, including an improved understanding of the utilization and energetic contribution of xylanase hydrolysis product(i.e. xylooligosaccharides or monomeric xylose). This review examines reports on xylose absorption and metabolism in the pig and identifies gaps in this knowledge that are essential to understanding the value of carbohydrase hydrolysis products in the nutrition of the pig. Xylose research in pigs was first reported in 1954, with only sporadic contributions since. Therefore, this review also discusses relevant xylose research in other monogastric species, including humans. In both pigs and poultry, increasing purified D-xylose inclusion general y results in linear decreases in performance, efficiency, and diet digestibility. However,supplementation levels studied thus far have ranged from 5% to 40%, while theoretical xylose release due to xylanase supplementation would be less than 4%. More than 95% of ingested D-xylose disappears before the terminal ileum but mechanisms of absorption have yet to be ful y elucidated. Some data support the hypothesis that mechanisms exist to handle low xylose concentrations but become overwhelmed as luminal concentrations increase. Very little is known about xylose metabolic utilization in vertebrates but it is wel recognized that a large proportion of dietary xylose appears in the urine and significantly decreases the metabolizable energy available from the diet. Nevertheless, evidence of labeled D-xylose-1-^(14)C appearing as expired^(14)CO_2 in both humans and guinea pigs suggests that there is potential,although small, for xylose oxidation. It is yet to be determined if pigs develop increased xylose metabolic capacity with increased adaptation time to diets supplemented with xylose or xylanase. Overall, xylose appears to be poorly utilized by the pig, but it is important to consider that only one study has been reported which supplemented D-xylose dietary concentrations lower than 5%. Thus, more comprehensive studies testing xylose metabolic effects at dietary concentrations more relevant to swine nutrition are warranted. | Nichole F.Huntley John F.Patience | 2018 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2018，9，1： | 3 |
| 19 | Endoscopically applied radiofrequency ablation appears to be safe in the treatment of malignant biliary obstruction显示文摘 | Alan W. Steel Aymer J. Postgate Shirin Khorsandi Joanna Nicholls Long Jiao Pangiotis Vlavianos Nagy Habib David Westaby | 2011 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2011，，1： | 3 |
| 20 | Heat shock protein 90 inhibition by 17-DMAG lessens disease in the MRL/Ipr mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus显示文摘热吃惊蛋白质 90 的提高的表示(HSP90 ) 在全身的豺狼座 erythematosus (SLE ) 的肾和浆液被发现了病人和 MRL/Mp-Fas lpr /Fas lpr (MRL/lpr ) 自体免疫的老鼠。如果 HSP90 的抑制将在 MRL/lpr 老鼠减少疾病,我们调查了。在在 vivo 的 vitro,有在 IL-6 的有免疫力刺激的显示出的减少的表示以前的 HSP90 禁止者 Geldanamycin 的 mesangial 房间的预告的处理, IL-12 和号码,我们发现当与 C57BL/6 相比鼠标和 MRL/lpr 鼠标与 HSP90 禁止者 17-DMAG 对待时, HSP90 表示在 MRL/lpr 肾被提高。与 17-DMAG 对待的 MRL/lpr 老鼠显示出减少的 proteinuria 并且减少了浆液 anti-dsDNA 抗体生产。Glomerulonephritis 和 glomerular IgG 和 C3 没被 17-DMAG 的管理显著地在 MRL/lpr 影响。17-DMAG 增加了 CD8 + T 房间,减少的双 negative T 房间,减少 CD4/CD8 比率和减少的小囊的 B 房间。这些研究建议 HSP90 可以在调整 T 房间区别和激活起一个作用并且 HSP90 抑制可以在豺狼座减少发炎。 | Samuel K Shimp III Cristen B Chafin Nicole L Regna Sarah E Hammond Molly A Read David L Caudell Marissa Nichole Rylander Christopher M Reilly | 2012 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2012，9，3： | 3 |
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