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| 1 | 龙门山地震带的地质背景与汶川地震的地表破裂显示文摘龙门山位于青藏高原与扬子地台之间,系由一系列大致平行的叠瓦状冲断带构成,自西向东发育汶川—茂汶断裂、映秀—北川断裂和彭县—灌县断裂,并将龙门山划分为3个构造地层带,分别为变形变质构造地层带(主要由志留系—泥盆系浅变质岩和前寒武系杂岩构成)、变形变位构造地层带(主要由上古生界—三叠系沉积岩构成)、变形构造地层带(主要由侏罗系至第三系红层和第四纪松散堆积构成)。龙门山断裂带属地震危险区,3条主干断裂皆具备发生7级左右地震的能力,其中映秀—北川断裂是引发地震的最主要断层,据对彭县—灌县断裂青石坪探槽场地的研究结果表明,在该断裂带上最晚的一次强震发生在930±40a.B.P.左右,据此,可以初步判定,这3条主干断裂的单条断裂上的强震复发间隔至少应在1000a左右,表明龙门山构造带及其内部断裂属于地震活动频度低但具有发生超强地震的潜在危险的特殊断裂,以逆冲-右行走滑为其主要运动方式。汶川地震属于逆冲—走滑型的地震,地表破裂分布于映秀—北川断裂带和彭县—灌县断裂带上。根据近南北向的断裂(小鱼洞断层、擂鼓断层和邓家坝断层)和地表断距可将映秀—北川断层的地表破裂带划分为两个高值区和两个低值区,两个高值区分别位于南段的映秀-虹口一带和位于中北段的擂鼓—北川县城—邓家坝一带;两个低值区分别位于中南段的白水河—茶坪一带和北段的北川黄家坝至平武石坎子一带,两个高值区分别与小鱼洞断层和擂鼓断层相关。根据保存于破裂面上的擦痕,可将该地震破裂过程划分为两个阶段,早期为逆冲作用,晚期为斜向走滑作用,其与地壳增厚构造模式和侧向挤出摸式在青藏高原东缘的推论具有不吻合性。鉴于龙门山的表层运动速率与深部构造运动速率具有不一致性,初步探讨了龙门山地区的地表过程与下地壳流之间的地质动力模型,认为下地壳物质在龙门山近垂向挤出和垂向运动,从而造成导致龙门山向东的逆冲运动、龙门山构造带抬升和汶川特大地震。在此基础上,根据汶川地震所引发的地质灾害,对地震灾后重建提出了的几点建议。 | 李勇 黄润秋 周荣军 Alexander L.DENSMORE Michael A.ELLIS 闫亮 董顺利 Nicholas RICHARDSON 张毅 何玉林 陈浩 乔宝成 马博琳 | 2009 | 工程地质学报2009，17，1： | 108 |
| 2 | Stable classi?cation with limited sample: transferring a 30-m resolution sample set collected in 2015 to mapping 10-m resolution global land cover in 2017显示文摘As the world strives to reduce the impact of population growth, urbanization, agricultural expansion, and climate change on food security, energy and water shortage, resource over-exploration, biodiversity loss, environmental pollution, and ultimately human health, timely and higher resolution land cover information is urgently needed to achieve the sustainable development goals of the United Nations. | Peng Gong Han Liu Meinan Zhang Congcong Li Jie Wang Huabing Huang Nicholas Clinton Luyan Ji Wenyu Li Yuqi Bai Bin Chen Bing Xu Zhiliang Zhu Cui Yuan Hoi Ping Suen Jing Guo Nan Xu Weijia Li Yuanyuan Zhao Jun Yang Chaoqing Yu Xi Wang Haohuan Fu Le Yu Iryna Dronova Fengming Hui Xiao Cheng Xueli Shi Fengjin Xiao Qiufeng Liu Lianchun Song | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，6： | 166 |
| 3 | 映秀-北川断裂的地表破裂与变形特征显示文摘2008年5月12日在龙门山映秀-北川断裂带发生的8.0级特大地震,属于逆冲—走滑型地震。本文以地表破裂为切入点,在映秀-北川断裂的关键部位开展了详细的野外地貌测量,标定了映秀-北川断裂带的垂向断距和水平断距,结果表明映秀-北川断裂的地表破裂带从映秀向北东延伸达180~190km,走向介于NE30°~50°之间,倾向北西,地表平均垂向断距为2.9m,平均水平断距为3.1m;地表最大错动量的地点位于北川县擂鼓镇,垂直断错为6.2±0.1m,水平断错为6.8±0.2m,逆冲分量与右行走滑分量的比值为3∶1~1∶1,表明该断裂以逆冲—右行走滑为特点,逆冲运动分量略大于或等于右行走滑运动分量。根据近南北向的分段断裂可将映秀-北川断层的地表破裂带划分为两个高值区和两个低值区,其中两个高值区分别位于南段的映秀—虹口一带和中北段的擂鼓—北川县城—邓家坝一带。基于保存于破裂面上的擦痕,我们将该地震破裂过程划分为两个阶段,早期为逆冲作用,晚期为斜向走滑作用。 | 李勇 周荣军 Alexander L.DENSMORE 闫亮 Nicholas RICHARDSON 董顺利 Michael A.ELLIS 张毅 何玉林 陈浩 乔宝成 马博琳 | 2008 | 地质学报2008，82，12： | 58 |
| 4 | 父母外出务工对农村留守儿童心理健康的影响研究显示文摘目的:了解贫困农村地区留守儿童与非留守儿童心理健康差异并探索其影响因素。方法:在宁夏固原市用分层整群抽样的方法对7所小学的2017名学生进行问卷调查,并通过家长调查获取1474名学生的家庭信息。结果:欠发达地区农村儿童自我意识水平整体偏低;留守儿童心理健康比非留守儿童差,具体表现为自我意识水平较低、孤独感较强、社交焦虑水平较高;父母外出务工是留守儿童心理健康的危险因素,家长对孩子的关心程度、同伴关系和师生关系是影响留守儿童心理健康的三个最主要因素。结论:加强留守儿童家庭中的亲子沟通,提高监护人对留守儿童心理健康的重视,以及老师帮助学生建立融洽的师生和同伴关系是改善留守儿童心理健康状况的有效途径。 | 赵苗苗 李慧 李军 李林贵 王翠丽 Stephen Nicholas 孟庆跃 | 2012 | 中国卫生事业管理2012，29，1： | 44 |
| 5 | 社会、经济与环境因素对老年健康和死亡的影响——基于中国22省份的抽样调查显示文摘基于全国22省市886个县15 973位老人2002—2005年跟踪调查数据,本文应用多水平多元logit模型,对社会、经济和环境因素对老年健康和死亡的影响进行了分析。结果表明,控制了个人层面相关变量后,空气污染显著增加了老人ADL(日常生活自理能力)残障、认知功能差与累计健康亏损指数上升的可能性。降雨量的增加则显著降低了老人ADL残障和认知功能差的风险。极低的气温显著增加了老人ADL残障的风险与死亡风险,而极高的气温显著增加了老人认知功能差和累计健康亏损指数上升的可能性。居住在山区的老人ADL残障风险较低,累计健康亏损指数亦较低。此外,人均GDP、15~64岁人口的劳动参与率以及文盲率对中国老年人的生理健康、心理健康、整体健康水平以及死亡风险有显著的、作用方向不同的影响。最后,得出如下结论:保护自然环境、改善社会经济状况的干预措施将有利于改善老人健康、降低老人死亡风险。 | 曾毅 顾大男 Jama Purser Helen Hoenig Nicholas Christakis | 2014 | 中国卫生政策研究2014，7，6： | 46 |
| 6 | Models and estimators linking individual-based and sample-based rarefaction, extrapolation and comparison of assemblages显示文摘Aims In ecology and conservation biology,the number of species counted in a biodiversity study is a key metric but is usually a biased underestimate of total species richness because many rare species are not detected.Moreover,comparing species richness among sites or samples is a statistical challenge because the observed number of species is sensitive to the number of individuals counted or the area sampled.For individual-based data,we treat a single,empirical sample of species abundances from an investigator-defined species assemblage or community as a reference point for two estimation objectives under two sampling models:estimating the expected number of species(and its unconditional variance)in a random sample of(i)a smaller number of individuals(multinomial model)or a smaller area sampled(Poisson model)and(ii)a larger number of individuals or a larger area sampled.For sample-based incidence(presence–absence)data,under a Bernoulli product model,we treat a single set of species incidence frequencies as the reference point to estimate richness for smaller and larger numbers of sampling units.Methods The first objective is a problem in interpolation that we address with classical rarefaction(multinomial model)and Coleman rarefaction(Poisson model)for individual-based data and with sample-based rarefaction(Bernoulli product model)for incidence frequencies.The second is a problem in extrapolation that we address with sampling-theoretic predictors for the number of species in a larger sample(multinomial model),a larger area(Poisson model)or a larger number of sampling units(Bernoulli product model),based on an estimate of asymptotic species richness.Although published methods exist for many of these objectives,we bring them together here with some new estimators under a unified statistical and notational framework.This novel integration of mathematically distinct approaches allowed us to link interpolated(rarefaction)curves and extrapolated curves to plot a unified species accumulation curve for empirical examples.We provide new,unconditional variance estimators for classical,individual-based rarefaction and for Coleman rarefaction,long missing from the toolkit of biodiversity measurement.We illustrate these methods with datasets for tropical beetles,tropical trees and tropical ants.Important Findings Surprisingly,for all datasets we examined,the interpolation(rarefaction)curve and the extrapolation curve meet smoothly at the reference sample,yielding a single curve.Moreover,curves representing 95%confidence intervals for interpolated and extrapolated richness estimates also meet smoothly,allowing rigorous statistical comparison of samples not only for rarefaction but also for extrapolated richness values.The confidence intervals widen as the extrapolation moves further beyond the reference sample,but the method gives reasonable results for extrapolations up to about double or triple the original abundance or area of the reference sample.We found that the multinomial and Poisson models produced indistinguishable results,in units of estimated species,for all estimators and datasets.For sample-based abundance data,which allows the comparison of all three models,the Bernoulli product model generally yields lower richness estimates for rarefied data than either the multinomial or the Poisson models because of the ubiquity of non-random spatial distributions in nature. | Robert K.Colwell Anne Chao Nicholas J.Gotelli Shang-Yi Lin Chang Xuan Mao Robin L.Chazdon John T.Longino | 2012 | Journal of Plant Ecology2012，5，1： | 37 |
| 7 | An Overview of Autism Spectrum Disorder, Heterogeneity and Treatment Options显示文摘Since the documented observations of Kanner in1943, there has been great debate about the diagnoses, the sub-types, and the diagnostic threshold that relates to what is now known as autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Re?ecting this complicated history, there has been continual re?nement from DSM-III with ‘Infantile Autism' to the current DSM-V diagnosis. The disorder is now widely accepted as a complex, pervasive, heterogeneous condition with multiple etiologies, sub-types, and developmental trajectories. Diagnosis remains based on observation of atypical behaviors, with criteria of persistent de?cits in social communication and restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior. This review provides a broad overview of the history, prevalence, etiology, clinical presentation, and heterogeneity of ASD. Factors contributing to heterogeneity, including genetic variability, comorbidity, and gender are reviewed. We then explore current evidencebased pharmacological and behavioral treatments for ASD and highlight the complexities of conducting clinical trials that evaluate therapeutic ef?cacy in ASD populations.Finally, we discuss the potential of a new wave of research examining objective biomarkers to facilitate the evaluation of sub-typing, diagnosis, and treatment response in ASD. | Anne Masi Marilena M.De Mayo Nicholas Glozier Adam J.Guastella | 2017 | Neuroscience Bulletin2017，33，2： | 33 |
| 8 | Petawatt and exawatt class lasers worldwide显示文摘In the 2015 review paper‘Petawatt Class Lasers Worldwide’a comprehensive overview of the current status of highpower facilities of>200 TW was presented.This was largely based on facility specifications,with some description of their uses,for instance in fundamental ultra-high-intensity interactions,secondary source generation,and inertial confinement fusion(ICF).With the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics being awarded to Professors Donna Strickland and Gerard Mourou for the development of the technique of chirped pulse amplification(CPA),which made these lasers possible,we celebrate by providing a comprehensive update of the current status of ultra-high-power lasers and demonstrate how the technology has developed.We are now in the era of multi-petawatt facilities coming online,with 100 PW lasers being proposed and even under construction.In addition to this there is a pull towards development of industrial and multi-disciplinary applications,which demands much higher repetition rates,delivering high-average powers with higher efficiencies and the use of alternative wavelengths:mid-IR facilities.So apart from a comprehensive update of the current global status,we want to look at what technologies are to be deployed to get to these new regimes,and some of the critical issues facing their development. | Colin N.Danson Constantin Haefner Jake Bromage Thomas Butcher Jean-Christophe FChanteloup Enam A.Chowdhury Almantas Galvanauskas Leonida A.Gizzi Joachim Hein David I.Hillier Nicholas W.Hopps Yoshiaki Kato Efim A.Khazanov Ryosuke Kodama Georg Korn Ruxin Li Yutong Li Jens Limpert Jingui Ma Chang Hee Nam David Neely Dimitrios Papadopoulos Rory R.Penman Liejia Qian Jorge J.Rocca andrey A.Shaykin Craig W.Siders Christopher Spindloe Sándor Szatmári Raoul M.G.M.Trines Jianqiang Zhu Ping Zhu Jonathan D.Zuegel | 2019 | High Power Laser Science and Engineering2019，7，3： | 33 |
| 9 | Exosomes: new molecular targets of diseases显示文摘细胞外的泡(EV ) 包括 apoptotic 身体, microvesicles 和 exosomes,并且他们象 diseased 状态一样在正常在 cell-to-cell 通讯作为关键管理者表演。EV 包含自然货物分子,例如 miRNA, mRNA 和蛋白质,并且通过循环把这些功能的货物转移到附近的房间或更多的远房间。这些机能上地活跃的分子然后影响不同发信号的串联。传送到接受者房间的消息依赖于 EV 的作文,它由父母房间和 EV 生物的续生说是坚定的。因为他们象在循环, biocompatibility,低 immunogenicity 和毒性的增加的稳定性那样的性质, EV 为治疗学作为吸引人的交货系统引起了注意。这评论在为治疗学的目的使用 exosomes 在治疗和潜在的优点和挑战集中于 exosomes 的功能的使用。 | Saheli SAMANTA Sheeja RAJASINGH Nicholas DROSOS Zhigang ZHOU Buddhadeb DAWN Johnson RAJASINGH | 2018 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2018，39，4： | 27 |
| 10 | Modulation of the MAP kinase signaling cascade by Raf kinase inhibitory protein显示文摘Proteins like Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP) that serve as modulators of signaling pathways, either by promoting or inhibiting the formation of productive signaling complexes through protein-protein interactions, have been demon- strated to play an increasingly important role in a number of cell types and organisms. These proteins have been implicated in development as well as the progression of cancer. RKIP is a particularly interesting regulator, as it is a highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed protein that has been shown to play a role in growth and differentiation in a number of organisms and can regulate multiple signaling pathways. RKIP is also the first MAP kinase signaling modulator to be identified as playing a role in cancer metastasis, and identification of the mechanism by which it regulates Raf-1 activation provides new targets for therapeutic intervention. | Nicholas TRAKUL Marsha R. ROSNER | 2005 | Cell Research2005，15，1： | 25 |
| 11 | Novel mechanisms in functional dyspepsia显示文摘机能性消化不良(FD ) 是多重病原的机制涉及的高度流行却异构的混乱。尽管有许多研究,调查了各种各样的 pathophysiologic 机制,与 FD 联系的内在的随便小径仍然保持阴暗。与 FD 联系的当前建议的 pathophysiologic 机制包括基因危险性,推迟以及加速胃的倒空的、内脏的超敏性到酸或机械膨胀,损害胃的住所,反常底的的局面的收缩,反常 antro 十二指肠的活动性,急性、长期的感染,和精神分析社会 comorbidity。位于 FD 下面的畸形的更大的理解可以导致改进管理。这篇社论的目的是在机能性消化不良提供当前的 pathophysiologic 概念的批评概述。 | Rok Son Choung Nicholas J Talley | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，5： | 25 |
| 12 | Cirrhotic portal hypertension: From pathophysiology to novel therapeutics显示文摘Portal hypertension and bleeding from gastroesophageal varices is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Portal hypertension is initiated by increased intrahepatic vascular resistance and a hyperdynamic circulatory state. The latter is characterized by a high cardiac output, increased total blood volume and splanchnic vasodilatation, resulting in increased mesenteric blood flow. Pharmacological manipulation of cirrhotic portal hypertension targets both the splanchnic and hepatic vascular beds. Drugs such as angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin Ⅱ type receptor 1 blockers, which target the components of the classical renin angiotensin system(RAS), are expected to reduce intrahepatic vascular tone by reducing extracellular matrix deposition and vasoactivity of contractile cells and thereby improve portal hypertension. However, these drugs have been shown to produce significant offtarget effects such as systemic hypotension and renal failure. Therefore, the current pharmacological mainstay in clinical practice to prevent variceal bleeding and improving patient survival by reducing portal pressure is non-selective-blockers(NSBBs). These NSBBs work by reducing cardiac output and splanchnic vasodilatation but most patients do not achieve an optimal therapeutic response and a significant proportion of patients are unable to tolerate these drugs.Although statins, used alone or in combination with NSBBs, have been shown to improve portal pressure and overall mortality in cirrhotic patients, further randomized clinical trials are warranted involving larger patient populations with clear clinical end points. On the other hand, recent findings from studies that have investigated the potential use of the blockers of the components of the alternate RAS provided compelling evidence that could lead to the development of drugs targeting the splanchnic vascular bed to inhibit splanchnic vasodilatation in portal hypertension. This review outlines the mechanisms related to the pathogenesis of portal hypertension and attempts to provide an update on currently available therapeutic approaches in the management of portal hypertension with special emphasis on how the alternate RAS could be manipulated in our search for development of safe, specific and effective novel therapies to treat portal hypertension in cirrhosis. | Lakmie S Gunarathne Harinda Rajapaksha Nicholas Shackel Peter W Angus Chandana B Herath | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，40： | 24 |
| 13 | 山东日照地区系统区域调查的新收获显示文摘1995年以来,山东大学和美国耶鲁大学、芝加哥自然历史博物馆等单位合作,在山东日照地区开展了长期的系统区域调查,取得丰硕成果,并在探索适合中国实际的田野考古方法上获得重要经验。本文概略介绍了这一研究课题的调查区域、调查目的和采用的方法,并对前5年的调查成果进行了初步的归纳和总结。 | 方辉 栾丰实 于海广 蔡凤书 Anne Underhill Gary Feinman Linda Nicholas Gwen Bennet | 2002 | 考古2002，，5： | 22 |
| 14 | 亚太地区胃食管反流病的处理共识:更新版显示文摘背景与目的:自从2004年亚太地区胃食管反流病(GERD)共识发表以来,更多关于GERD流行病学和处理的文献资料相继出现。有必要对这些资料进行循证综述,对共识作出更新。方法:由多学科专家组应用德尔菲(Delphi)法制定共识条文,提呈相关资料,并对证据质量、推荐力度和共识水平进行分级。结果:亚洲GERD发生率日益增加。其危险因素包括老年、男性、种族、家族史、社会经济地位高、体重指数增加和吸烟。对于有典型症状而无报警症状的患者,对质子泵抑制剂(PPI)试验有症状应答具有诊断意义。如PPI试验失败,停止治疗后pH监测结果阴性可排除GERD。窄带成像、胶囊内镜检查和无线pH监测的作用尚未明确。亚洲诊断策略的制定须考虑到并存的胃癌和消化性溃疡。减轻体质量和抬高床头可改善反流症状。PPIs是最有效的内科治疗手段。对于非糜烂性反流病(NERD)患者,按需治疗较为适宜。有慢性咳嗽、喉炎和典型GERD症状的患者在排除非GERD病因后,应予PPI每天两次治疗。如有经验丰富的外科医师,GERD患者可行胃底折叠术。除临床试验外,GERD不应采用内镜治疗。结论:新的诊断方法和内镜治疗的作用有待进一步研究阐明。亚洲GERD诊断策略的制定须考虑到并存的胃癌和消化性溃疡。PPIs仍为治疗的基石。 | Kwong Ming Fock Nicholas J Talley Ronnie Fass Khean Lee Goh Peter Katelaris Richard Hunt Michio Hongo Tiing Leong Ang Gerald Holtmann Sanjay Nandurkar San Ren Lin Benjamin CY Wong Francis KL Chan Abdul Aziz Rani Young-Tae Bak Jose Sollano Khek Yu Ho Sathoporn Manatsathit 钱本余 | 2008 | 胃肠病学2008，13，7： | 21 |
| 15 | The first all-season sample set for mapping global land cover with Landsat-8 data显示文摘We report the world's first all-season training and validation sample sets for global land cover classification with Landsat-8 data.Prior to this,such samples were only available at a single date primarily from the growing season.It is unknown how much limitation such a single-date sample has to mapping global land cover in other seasons of the year.To answer this question,we selected available Landsat-8 images from four seasons and collected training and validation samples from them.We compared the performances of training samples in different seasons using Random Forest algorithm.We found that the use of training samples from any individual season would result in the best overall classification accuracy when validated by samples in the same season.The global overall accuracy from combined best seasonal results was 67.2% when classifying the 11 Level-1 classes in the Finer Resolution Observation and Monitoring of Global Land Cover(FROM-GLC) classification system.The use of training samples from all seasons(named all-season training sample set hereafter) produced an overall accuracy of 67.0%.We also tested classification within 10° latitude 60° longitude zones using all-season training subsample within each zone and obtained an overall accuracy of 70.2%.This indicates that properly grouped subsamples in space can help improve classification accuracies.All the results in this study seem to suggest that it is possible to use an all-season training sample set to reach global optimality with universal applicability in classifying images acquired at any time of a year for global land cover mapping. | Congcong Li Peng Gong Jie Wang Zhiliang Zhu Gregory S. Biging Cui Yuan Tengyun Hu Haiying Zhang Qi Wang Xuecao Li Xiaoxuan Liu Yidi Xu Jing Guo Caixia Liu Kwame O. Hackman Meinan Zhang Yuqi Cheng Le Yu Jun Yang Huabing Huang Nicholas Clinton | 2017 | Science Bulletin2017，62，7： | 21 |
| 16 | Assimilation of carbonate country rock by the parent magma of the Panzhihua Fe-Ti-V deposit(SW China):Evidence from stable isotopes显示文摘在西南中国的 Panzhihua 侵入是 Emeishan 大火的省的部分和大 Fe-Ti-V 矿石存款的主人。在主要侵入的炮兵阵地期间, mafic 女同性恋的多重代入侵了碳酸盐墙岩石,生产一个大接触光环。我们测量了国家岩石的侵入,他们的成分矿物质,和样品的氧同位素作文。从 Panzhihua 侵入的磁铁矿和斜长石有与 magmatic 平衡一致,并且比在导出披风的岩浆期望与高是 12 的 18O 价值从岩浆形成的 18O 价值。unmetamorphosed 国家岩石有高 18O 价值,从 13.2 (沙岩) 到 24.628.6 (白云石) 。从光环的 skarns 和云石比他们与在有邻近的 mafic 岩浆和侵入的特别众多的 mafic 女同性恋的交换平衡的液体建议相互作用的 protolith 有更低的 18O 和 13C 价值光环。这将比为导出披风的岩浆期望解释有显著地更高的价值的女同性恋的 18O 的改变。取决于为岩浆和沾染物假定的准确 18O 价值,要求生产 Panzhihua 侵入的提高的 18O 价值的吸收的数量在 8 和 13.7 wt.% 之间,假定简单混合。污染的准确机制是不清楚的,但是可以包含体积国家岩石的吸收的联合,混合与一有 CO2 富有的液体的国家岩石和交换的 melt 源于泥土和白云石的 decarbonation。这些机制,特别地后者,可能涉及 Fe-Ti-V 矿石的形成。 | Clement Ganino Chris Harris Nicholas T.Arndt Stephen A.Prevec Geoffrey H.Howarth | 2013 | Geoscience Frontiers2013，4，5： | 20 |
| 17 | 氮素水平对茶树新梢叶片代谢谱及其昼夜变化的影响显示文摘茶树叶片中含有丰富的代谢产物,氨基酸、茶多酚和咖啡碱是决定茶叶品质的重要成分。本文结合基于1H-核磁共振(1H-NMR)的代谢组学非靶标分析与通过高效液相色谱法进行的定量靶标分析两种方法,比较白天和夜晚所取不同施氮水平的茶树新梢第2叶的代谢产物差异,探讨了基于1H-NMR的代谢组学研究方法应用于茶叶品质成分形成机理研究的可行性。结果表明,白天和夜晚所取茶树新梢第2叶代谢组差异较大,可以显著分离,区分两个样本的主要组分为茶氨酸、葡萄糖和蔗糖,而不同施氮水平下茶树新梢第2叶代谢组没有显著差异。高效液相色谱定量分析的结果表明,施氮水平对主要游离氨基酸组分和儿茶素组分均有影响,且存在昼夜差别。 | 杨亦扬 马立锋 黎星辉 R.George Ratcliffe Nicholas J.Kruger 阮建云 | 2013 | 茶叶科学2013，33，6： | 19 |
| 18 | 2018年急性缺血性卒中患者早期管理指南美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会为医疗专业人员制定的指南显示文摘背景和目的本指南旨在在单个文件中为治疗成年急性动脉性缺血性卒中患者的临床医生提供最新全面的系列推荐意见。目标读者为院前急救人员、医生、综合医疗保健人员和医院管理人员。本指南将取代2013年版指南及其后续更新。方法写作组成员由美国心脏协会卒中委员会的科学声明监督委员任命,代表各领域的医学专家。严格遵循美国心脏协会的利益冲突原则。不允许写作组成员对存在企业利益关系的相关议题进行讨论或投票。所有推荐意见必须得到写作组成员的一致通过,除非企业利益关系妨碍了成员投票。由4名同行评议专家以及卒中委员会的科学声明监督委员会和领导委员会成员对指南草案进行发布前评审。本指南采用了美国心脏病学学会/美国心脏协会2015年推荐意见分类和证据级别标准以及新版美国心脏协会指南格式。结果本指南详细介绍了院前医疗、紧急和急诊评估、静脉和血管内治疗以及院内管理,包括在发病后最初2周内启用的二级预防措施。本指南支持院前和院内卒中医疗系统的一体化概念。结论本指南基于目前可获得的最佳证据。然而,许多情况资料有限,迫切需要对急性缺血性卒中的治疗进行持续研究。 | William J. Powers Alejandro A. Rabinstein Teri Ackerson Opeolu M. Adeoye Nicholas C. Bambakidis Kyra Becker José Biller Michael Brown Bart M. Demaerschalk Brian Hoh Edward C. Jauch Chelsea S. Kidwell Thabele M. Leslie-Mazwi Bruce Ovbiagele Phillip A. Scott Kevin N. Sheth Andrew M. Southerland Deborah V. Summers David L. Tirschwell 徐加平 刘慧慧 张霞 石际俊 黄志超 尤寿江 郭志良 肖国栋 杜万良 曹勇军 | 2018 | 国际脑血管病杂志2018，26，2： | 19 |
| 19 | 高功率激光二极管端面抽运复合晶体激光器的研究显示文摘在高功率激光二极管抽运固体激光器中,热效应已成为获得高输出功率和高光束质量的最大阻碍因素.用有限元方法研究了高功率激光二极管端面抽运Nd∶YVO4激光器中热透镜分布规律,提出了用复合晶体消除热透镜效应的方法.研究表明在端面抽运的传统单一Nd∶YVO4晶体激光器中,由于抽运功率密度很高,热透镜效应非常严重,由端面变形而造成的热透镜效应约占整个热透镜效应的50%;而采用复合晶体能够很好地消除由端面变形而造成的热透镜效应,同时得到很好的冷却效果,获得比采用传统单一晶体高出许多的基模输出功率和更好的光束质量.实验证明,采用复合结构晶体在23 W的抽运功率水平下得到了11 W的基模输出功率,光束质量因子M2 <1 5,光光转换效率达到48%. | 李志刚 熊政军 黄维玲 陈涛 Nicholas Moore G.C.Lim | 2005 | 中国激光2005，32，3： | 18 |
| 20 | 2019年急性缺血性卒中患者早期管理指南:针对2018年急性缺血性卒中早期管理指南的更新美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会为医疗专业人员制定的指南显示文摘背景和目的本指南旨在在单个文件中为治疗急性动脉性缺血性卒中患者的临床医生提供最新的全面系列推荐意见。目标读者为院前急救人员、医生、综合医疗保健人员以及医院管理人员。本指南将取代2013年版急性缺血性卒中(acute ischemic stroke,AIS)指南,同时也是对2018年版AIS指南的更新。方法写作组成员由美国心脏协会(American Heart Association,AHA)卒中委员会的科学声明监督委员会任命,代表各领域的医学专家。写作组成员不得对存在企业利益关系的相关议题进行讨论或投票。对2013年版AIS指南的更新最初于2018年1月发表,该版指南已经过AHA科学咨询与协调委员会以及AHA执行委员会批准。2018年4月,在删除部分推荐意见后,该指南的修订版在AHA网站上在线发表。要求写作组审查原始文件并在必要时进行修订。2018年6月,写作组提交了一份经过细微更改并纳入新近发表的重要随机对照试验(受试者数量>100名且具有AIS发病后至少90 d的临床转归)的文件。经过14位专家进行同行评议后,写作组根据同行评议专家的意见进行了适当修改。目前的最终文件已经过写作组全体成员(除非企业利益关系妨碍了成员投票)以及AHA管理机构批准。本指南采用了美国心脏病学学会/AHA 2015年推荐意见分类和证据级别标准以及新版AHA指南格式。结果本指南详细介绍了院前医疗、紧急和急诊评估、静脉和血管内治疗以及院内管理,包括在发病后最初2周内启用的二级预防措施。本指南支持院前和院内卒中医疗系统的一体化概念。结论本指南基于现有证据提供了总体推荐意见,用于指导治疗成年急性动脉性缺血性卒中患者的临床医生。然而,许多情况资料有限,迫切需要对AIS的治疗进行持续研究。 | William J.Powers Alejandro A.Rabinstein Teri Ackerson Opeolu M.Adeoye Nicholas C.Bambakidis Kyra Becker Jose Biller Michael Brown Bart M.Demaerschalk Brian Hoh Edward C.Jauch Chelsea S.Kidwell Thabele M.Leslie-Mazwi Bruce Ovbiagele Phillip A.Scott Kevin N.Sheth Andrew M.Southerl Deborah V.Summers Tirschwell 徐加平(译) 庄圣(译) 郭志良(译) 黄志超(译) 尤寿江(译) 刘慧慧(译) 张霞(译) 石际俊(译) 肖国栋(译) 曹勇军(译) 刘春风(译) | 2020 | 国际脑血管病杂志2020，28，1： | 18 |
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