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| 1 | Molecular mechanisms of viral hepatitis induced hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Chronic infection with viral hepatitis affects half a billion individuals worldwide and can lead to cirrhosis,cancer,and liver failure.Liver cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-associated mortality,of which hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)represents 90%of all primary liver cancers.Solid tumors like HCC are complex and have heterogeneous tumor genomic profiles contributing to complexity in diagnosis and management.Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus(HBV),hepatitis delta virus(HDV),and hepatitis C virus(HCV)are the greatest etiological risk factors for HCC.Due to the significant role of chronic viral infection in HCC development,it is important to investigate direct(viral associated)and indirect(immune-associated)mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of HCC.Common mechanisms used by HBV,HCV,and HDV that drive hepatocarcinogenesis include persistent liver inflammation with an impaired antiviral immune response,immune and viral protein-mediated oxidative stress,and deregulation of cellular signaling pathways by viral proteins.DNA integration to promote genome instability is a feature of HBV infection,and metabolic reprogramming leading to steatosis is driven by HCV infection.The current review aims to provide a brief overview of HBV,HCV and HDV molecular biology,and highlight specific viral-associated oncogenic mechanisms and common molecular pathways deregulated in HCC,and current as well as emerging treatments for HCC. | Simmone D'souza Keith CK Lau Carla S Coffin Trushar R Patel | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，38： | 25 |
| 2 | Sex differences in cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease显示文摘Sex differences in neurocognitive abilities have been extensively explored both in the healthy population andin many disorders. Until recently, however, little work has examined such differences in people with Alzheimer's disease(AD). This is despite clear evidence that AD is more prevalent in women, and converging lines of evidence from brain imaging, post-mortem analyses, hormone therapy and genetics suggesting that AD affects men and women differently. We provide an overview of evidence attesting to the poorer cognitive profiles in women than in men at the same stage of AD. Indeed, men significantly outperform women in several cognitive domains, including: Language and semantic abilities, visuospatial abilities and episodic memory. These differences do not appear to be attributable to any differences in age, education, or dementia severity. Reasons posited for this female disadvantage include a reduction of estrogen in postmenopausal women, greater cognitive reserve in men, and the influence of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele. Assessment of cognitive abilities contributes to the diagnosis of the condition and thus, it is crucial to identify the role of sex differences if potentially more accurate diagnoses and treatments are to emerge. | Keith R Laws Karen Irvine Tim M Gale | 2016 | World Journal of Psychiatry2016，6，1： | 18 |
| 3 | Capsule endoscopy of the future: What's on the horizon?显示文摘Capsule endoscopes have evolved from passively moving diagnostic devices to actively moving systems with potential therapeutic capability. In this review,we will discuss the state of the art, define the current shortcomings of capsule endoscopy, and address research areas that aim to overcome said shortcomings.Developments in capsule mobility schemes are emphasized in this text, with magnetic actuation being the most promising endeavor. Research groups are working to integrate sensor data and fuse it with robotic control to outperform today's standard invasive procedures, but in a less intrusive manner. With recent advances in areas such as mobility, drug delivery, and therapeutics, we foresee a translation of interventional capsule technology from the bench-top to the clinical setting within the next 10 years. | Piotr R Slawinski Keith L Obstein Pietro Valdastri | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，37： | 8 |
| 4 | Regulation of epithelium-specific Ets-like factors ESE-1 and ESE-3 in airway epithelial cells: potential roles in airway inflammation显示文摘航线发炎是许多呼吸障碍的特点,例如气喘和膀胱的纤维变性。在发炎触发的航线基因表示的变化在这些疾病的致病起一个关键作用。基因连接研究建议 ESE-2 和 ESE-3,编码上皮特定的 Ets-domain-containing 抄写因素,是候选人气喘危险性基因。我们这里报导 et 家庭抄写因素 ESE-1 的另一个成员的表示,以及 ESE-3,起来在支气管的上皮的房间线由煽动性的 cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta ) 和肿瘤坏死 factor-alpha (TNF-alpha ) 调整了。有 IL-1beta 和 TNF-alpha 的这些房间的处理为 ESE-1 和 ESE-3 导致了信使 rna 表示的戏剧的增加。我们证明导致的表示被抄写因素 NF-kappaB 的激活调停。我们描绘了 ESE-1 和 ESE-3 倡导者并且识别了为导致 cytokine 的表达式被要求的 NF-kappaB 有约束力的序列。另外,我们也表明那 ESE-1 在上面调整 ESE-3 表示, down 由 cytokines 调整它的自己的正式就职。最后,我们在 Elf3 显示出那(对人的 ESE-1 相应) 猛烈老鼠,煽动性的 cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6 ) 的表示是调整的 down。我们的调查结果建议 ESE-1 和 ESE-3 在航线发炎起一个重要作用。 | Jing Wu Rongqi Duan Huibi Cao Deborah Field Catherine M Newnham David R Koehler Noe Zamel Melanie A Pritchard Paul Hertzog Martin Post A Keith Tanswell Jim Hu | 2008 | Cell Research2008，18，6： | 6 |
| 5 | Dynamic chromatin states in human ES cells reveal potential regulatory sequences and genes involved in pluripotency显示文摘Pluripotency,一个细胞的能力区分并且产生所有胚胎的系,定义象胚胎的茎(ES ) 那样的哺乳动物的细胞类型的一个小数字细胞。当它通常被保持了时,那 pluripotency 是 transcriptional 的产品激活并且维持关键干细胞基因的表达式的规章的网络,积累的证据在建立并且保卫 ES 房间的 pluripotency 为 epigenetic 进程正在指向一个关键角色,象维持区分的房间类型的身份一样。以便更好在 pluripotency 理解 epigenetic 机制的角色,我们检验了在经历区别进一个 mesendodermal 系的人的 ES 房间(hESCs ) 染色体宽的染色质修正的动力学。我们发现在倡导者的染色质修正在区别期间仍然保持大部分不变,除了在在在 H3K27 的 acetylation 和 methylation 之间的一个动态开关标记在基因表示的激活和 silencing 之间的转变的倡导者的一个小数字,建议在在大多数差别上的房间命运承诺的一个层次表示了基因。我们也在 50 000 潜在的 enhancers 上印射,并且在染色质修正,特别 H3K4me1 和 H3K27ac 观察了大得多的动力学,它与他们的潜在的目标基因的表示相关。这些 enhancers 的进一步的分析揭示了 pluripotency 和可以在 hESCs 授与发展胜任的一个平衡状态的一口染色质签名陈述语气的潜在地关键的 transcriptional 管理者。我们的结果提供在定义 enhancers 和 pluripotency 支持染色质修正的角色的新证据。 | R David Hawkins Gary C Hon Chuhu Yang Jessica E Antosiewicz-Bourget Leonard K Lee Que-Minh Ngo Sarit Klugman Keith A Ching Lee E Edsall Zhen Ye Samantha Kuan Pengzhi Yu Hui Liu Xinmin Zhang Roland D Green Victor V Lobanenkov Ron Stewart James A Thomson Bing Ren | 2011 | Cell Research2011，21，10： | 6 |
| 6 | No difference in mortality among ALPPS,two-staged hepatectomy,and portal vein embolization/ligation:A systematic review by updated traditional and network meta-analyses显示文摘Background:There is an ongoing debate on the feasibility,safety,and oncological efficacy of the associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS)technique.The aim of this study was to compare ALPPS,two-staged hepatectomy(TSH),and portal vein embolization(PVE)/ligation(PVL)using updated traditional meta-analysis and network meta-analysis(NMA).Data sources:Electronic databases were used in a systematic literature search.Updated traditional metaanalysis and NMA were performed and compared.Mortality and major morbidity were selected as primary outcomes.Results:Nineteen studies including 1200 patients were selected from the pool of 436 studies.Of these patients,315(31%)and 702(69%)underwent ALPPS and portal vein occlusion(PVO),respectively.Ninetyday mortality based on updated traditional meta-analysis,subgroup analysis of the randomized controlled trials(RCTs),and both Bayesian and frequentist NMA did not demonstrate significant differences between the ALPPS cohort and the PVE,PVL,and TSH cohorts.Moreover,analysis of RCTs did not demonstrate significant differences of major morbidity between the ALPPS and PVO cohorts.The ALPPS cohort demonstrated significantly more favorable outcomes in hypertrophy parameters,time to operation,definitive hepatectomy,and R0 margins rates compared with the PVO cohort.In contrast,1-year disease-free survival was significantly higher in the PVO cohort compared to the ALPPS cohort.Conclusions:This study is the first to use updated traditional meta-analysis and both Bayesian and frequentist NMA and demonstrated no significant differences in 90-day mortality between the ALPPS and other hepatic hypertrophy approaches.Furthermore,two high quality RCTs including 147 patients demonstrated no significant differences in major morbidity between the ALPPS and PVO cohorts. | Paschalis Gavriilidis Robert P Sutcliffe Keith J Roberts Madhava Pai Duncan Spalding Nagy Habib Long R Jiao Mikael H Sodergren | 2020 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2020，19，5： | 6 |
| 7 | Effects of pretreatment with clopidogrel and aspirin followed by long-term therapy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: the PCI-CURE study显示文摘 | Shamir R Mehta Salim Yusuf Ron JG Peters Michel E Bertrand Basil S Lewis Madhu K Natarajan Klas Malmberg Hans-Jürgen Rupprecht Feng Zhao Susan Chrolavicius Ingrid Copland Keith AA Fox | 2001 | The Lancet . 2001 (9281)2001，，9281： | 4 |
| 8 | Comparison of parametric and nonparametric models for traffic flow forecasting显示文摘 | Brian L Smith Billy M Williams R Keith Oswald | 2002 | Transportation Research Part C2002，，4： | 3 |
| 9 | Do adjunctive art therapies reduce symptomatology in schizophrenia? A meta-analysis显示文摘BACKGROUND Art therapies are advocated by national bodies,such as the United Kingdom’s National Institute for Health and Care Excellence,to alleviate the negative symptoms associated with schizophrenia.The last decade has however,seen several new larger well-controlled trials published suggesting an update is timely.AIM To asses randomised controlled trials(RCT)of art therapies for reducing the symptoms of schizophrenia–particularly negative symptoms.METHODS Searches of PubMed and Scopus were conducted until May 2019 for RCTs examining the impact of art therapies on psychosis(positive,negative and total)symptoms in people diagnosed with schizophrenia.Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.Random effects meta-analyses were used to derive overall effect sizes.Moderator analyses were conducted using both metaregression and categorical comparisons.RESULTS We identified 133 articles,of which 9 RCTs involving 948 participants(475 assigned to art therapies and 473 controls)met our inclusion criteria.Using random effects models,we calculated pooled effect sizes(Hedges g)for end-oftrial symptomatic outcomes.Effect sizes both for total symptoms[g=-0.27,95%confidence interval(CI)-0.60 to 0.05,k=6]and for positive symptoms(g=-0.10,95%CI-0.35 to 0.15,k=6)were non-significant;however,we did find significant reduction of negative symptoms(g=-0.42,95%CI-0.70 to-0.14,k=9).Metaregression revealed that negative symptom reduction was larger in trials with a greater proportion of women and in trials with younger patients.Crucially,the negative symptom reduction following art therapies was limited to lower quality trials and did not emerge in trials that used blind assessment of outcomes.CONCLUSION This review presents a comprehensive meta-analysis of art therapies in schizophrenia in terms of both studies included and participant numbers.We found that art therapies did not significantly reduce total or positive symptoms.A'small'therapeutic effect was found for negative symptoms,but we show that the effect is not present in blind trials and may be subject to publication bias. | Keith R Laws William Conway | 2019 | World Journal of Psychiatry2019，9，8： | 3 |
| 10 | Implementation of a spatial decision support system for rural land use planning: integrating geographic information system and environmental models with search and optimisation algorithms显示文摘 | Keith B Matthews Alan R Sibbald Susan Craw | 1999 | Computers and Electronics in Agriculture1999，，1： | 2 |
| 11 | Lymphoepithelial cysts and cystic lymphangiomas: Underrecognized benign cystic lesions of the pancreas显示文摘AIM: To identify their diagnostic and prognostic clinical characteristics in a large series.METHODS: Retrospective review of clinicopathologic and imaging characteristics of patients diagnosed with lymphoepithelial cysts and cystic lymphangiomas of the pancreas at Massachusetts General Hospital.RESULTS: Twelve patients were identified between 1/1/1997 and 8/1/2007. Their median age was 55.5 years(range 19-78 years), and 6 were females. The le-sion was incidentally discovered in half of the patients.Contrast enhanced computed tomography demonstrat-ed that the cysts had thin walls, without calcifications, pancreatic duct dilation or pancreatic parenchyma inva-sion. Endoscopic ultrasound with fine needle aspiration(EUS/FNA) confirmed the diagnosis of a lymphoepithe-lial cyst in 3 patients, one of whom was spared an op-eration and continues to do well after 6 years. Eleven patients had a resection: 3 pancreaticoduodenecto-mies, 7 distal pancreatectomies, and 1 enucleation. The median size of the cysts was 3 cm(range 2-20 cm). At a median follow-up of 57 mo no recurrences or other pancreas-related conditions occurred.CONCLUSION: Lymphoepithelial cysts and cystic lymphangiomas of the pancreas can be diagnosed with a combination of contrast-enhanced computed tomog-raphy scans and EUS/FNA. If the lesion is asymptom-atic, an operation might be avoided. | Ioannis T Konstantinidis Avinash Kambadakone Onofrio A Catalano Dushyant V Sahani Vikram Deshpe David G Forcione Jennifer A Wargo Carlos Fernandez-del Castillo Keith D Lillemoe Andrew L Warshaw Cristina R Ferrone | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2014，6，7： | 2 |
| 12 | Relative importance of enterochromaffin cell hyperplasia, anxiety, and depression in postinfectious IBS显示文摘 | Simon P Dunlop David Jenkins Keith R Neal Robin C Spiller | 2003 | Gastroenterology2003，，6： | 2 |
| 13 | Coronary artery bypass graft surgery versus percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with three-vessel disease and left main coronary disease: 5-year follow-up of the randomised, clinical SYNTAX trial显示文摘 | Friedrich W Mohr Marie-Claude Morice A Pieter Kappetein Ted E Feldman Elisabeth St?hle Antonio Colombo Michael J Mack David R Holmes Marie-angèle Morel Nic Van Dyck Vicki M Houle Keith D Dawkins Patrick W Serruys | 2013 | The Lancet . 2013 (9867)2013，，9867： | 2 |
| 14 | Heat shock response by the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus显示文摘 | Donald E Swapnil R | 2003 | Applied and Environmental Microbiology2003，69，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Comparison of parametric and nonparametric models for traffic flow forecasting显示文摘 | Smith B L Williams B M Keith Oswald R | 2002 | Transportation Research Part C2002，10，： | 1 |
| 16 | Effects of soil phosphorous availability,temperature and moisture on soil respiration in Eucalyptus pauciflora forest显示文摘 | Keith H Jacobsen L Raison R J | 1997 | Plant and Soil1997，190，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Comparison of parametric and nonparametric models显示文摘 | Brian L Smith Billy M Williams R Keith Oswald | 2002 | Transportation Research Part C2002，，10： | 1 |
| 18 | On the role of Mn (IV) vacancies in the photoreductive dissolution of hexagonal birnessite显示文摘 | KIDEOK D K KEITH R GARRISON S | 2009 | Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta2009，73，： | 1 |
| 19 | Ecological risk as- sessment of atrazine in North American surface waters 显示文摘 | Keith R Solomon David B Baker R Pe- ter Richards | 1996 | Environmental Toxi- cology and Chemistry1996，15，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Pseeudorabies virus as a live virus vector for expression of foreign genes显示文摘 | Darrel R Thomsen Keith R Marotti | 1987 | Gene1987，57，： | 1 |
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