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| 1 | Role of sex steroid receptors in pathobiology of hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘The striking gender disparity observed in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) suggests an important role of sex hormones in HCC pathogenesis. Though the studies began as early as in 1980s,the precise role of sex hormones and the significance of their receptors in HCC still remain poorly understood and perhaps contribute to current controversies about the potential use of hormonal therapy in HCC. A comprehensive review of the existing literature revealed several shortcomings associated with the studies on estrogen receptor (ER) and androgen receptor (AR) in normal liver and HCC. These shortcomings include the use of less sensitive receptor ligand binding assays and immunohistochemistry studies for ERα alone until 1996 when ERβ isoform was identified. The animal models of HCC utilized for studies were primarily based on chemical-induced hepatocarcinogenesis with less similarity to virus-induced HCC pathogenesis. However,recent in vitro studies in hepatoma cells provide newer insights for hormonal regulation of key cellular processes including interaction of ER and AR with viral proteins. In light of the above facts,there is an urgent need for a detailed investigation of sex hormones and their receptors in normal liver and HCC. In this review,we systematically present the information currently available on androgens,estrogens and their receptors in normal liver and HCC obtained from in vitro,in vivo experimental models and clinical studies. This information will direct future basic and clinical research to bridge the gap in knowledge to explore the therapeutic potential of hormonal therapy in HCC. | Mamta Kalra Jary Mayes Senait Assefa Anil K Kaul Rashmi Kaul | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，39： | 18 |
| 2 | 卒中相关性肺炎的诊断卒中肺炎共识小组的推荐意见显示文摘背景和目的下呼吸道感染常并发于卒中并对转归造成不利影响。对于并发于卒中的下呼吸道感染性疾病,目前尚无公认的专业术语或诊断金标准,这导致临床诊疗和研究受到影响。本共识旨在提出急性卒中并发下呼吸道感染的标准化术语和可操作性诊断标准。方法对多个文献数据库进行系统检索,经过证据回顾和2轮讨论,最后于2014年9月在英国曼彻斯特召开共识会议,经75%以上共识小组成员达成一致意见后形成共识。结果达成的共识如下:(1)推荐使用卒中相关性肺炎(stroke-associated pneumonia, SAP )作为卒中发病后7 d内发生的下呼吸道感染性疾病的专业术语。(2)提议对 SAP 使用经过改良的美国疾病控制预防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC)诊断标准:①很可能的 SAP:符合 CDC 诊断标准,但复查或动态监测胸部 X 片仍缺乏典型改变;②确诊的 SAP:符合 CDC 诊断标准,且胸部 X 片有典型改变。(3)关于白细胞计数或 C反应蛋白在 SAP 诊断中的作用证据有限。(4)其他生物学标记物(如降钙素原)的证据不足。结论提议根据 CDC 诊断标准对 SAP 的术语和诊断制定可操作性的共识标准,需要在卒中患者中进行前瞻性研究来确定其信度、效度以及对医生行为(包括抗生素选择)和临床转归的影响。 | Craig J. Smith Amit K Kishore Andy Vail Angel Chamorro Javier Garau Stephen J. Hopkins Mario Di Napoli Lalit Kalra Peter Langhorne Joan Montaner Christine Roffe Anthony G. Rudd Pippa J. TyrreU Diederik van de Peek Mark Woodhead Andreas Meisel 范琳琳 宿英英 | 2016 | 国际脑血管病杂志2016，24，2： | 17 |
| 3 | Pancreatic fluid collections: What is the ideal imaging technique?显示文摘Pancreatic fluid collections(PFCs) are seen in up to 50% of cases of acute pancreatitis. The Revised Atlanta classification categorized these collections on the basis of duration of disease and contents, whether liquid alone or a mixture of fluid and necrotic debris. Management of these different types of collections differs because of the variable quantity of debris; while patients with pseudocysts can be drained by straight-forward stent placement, walledoff necrosis requires multi-disciplinary approach. Differentiating these collections on the basis of clinical severity alone is not reliable, so imaging is primarily performed. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography is the commonly used modality for the diagnosis and assessment of proportion of solid contents in PFCs; however with certain limitations such as use of iodinated contrast material especially in renal failure patients and radiation exposure. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) performs better than computed tomography(CT) in characterization of pancreatic/peripancreatic fluid collections especially for quantification of solid debris and fat necrosis(seen as fat density globules), and is an alternative in those situations where CT is contraindicated. Also magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography is highly sensitive for detecting pancreatic duct disruption and choledocholithiasis. Endoscopic ultrasound is an evolving technique with higher reproducibility for fluid-to-debris component estimation with the added advantage of being a single stage procedure for both diagnosis(solid debris delineation) and management(drainage of collection) in the same sitting. Recently role of diffusion weighted MRI and positron emission tomography/CT with ^(18)F-FDG labeled autologous leukocytes is also emerging for detection of infection noninvasively. Comparative studies between these imaging modalities are still limited. However we look forward to a time when this gap in literature will be fulfilled. | Narendra Dhaka Jayanta Samanta Suman Kochhar Navin Kalra Sreekanth Appasani Manish Manrai Rakesh Kochhar | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，48： | 13 |
| 4 | Protective effects of lupeol and mango extract against androgen induced oxidative stress in Swiss albino mice显示文摘瞄准:为了调查 lupeol/mango 肉的抗氧化剂潜力,在睾丸激素的摘录(MPE ) 在男瑞士白化体老鼠的前列腺导致了氧化应力。方法:lupeol (1 mg/animal ) 和 MPE 的口头的治疗(1 mL [20% w/v ]/ 动物) 连续地与睾丸激素(5 mg/kg 身体重量) 的下的注射一起独立被给动物 15 天。在学习时期的结束,前列腺外面被把因为反应的氧种类(ROS ) 的决心铺平,类脂化合物每氧化和抗氧化剂酶地位(过氧化氢酶,超级氧化物 dismutase,谷胱甘肽 reductase, glutathione-S-transferase ) 。结果:在睾丸激素对待动物,增加的 ROS 在老鼠前列腺每氧化导致了在类脂化合物的抗氧化剂酶和增加的弄空。然而, lupeol/MPE 治疗每氧化和抗氧化剂酶在类脂化合物的层次与恢复在 ROS 层次导致了减少。结论:现在的学习的结果证明 lupeol/MPE 在与老鼠前列腺的氧化导致压力的细胞的损害作斗争是有效的。因此,芒果树和它的成分对前列腺癌症作为一个潜在的 chemopreventive 代理人值得学习。 | Sahdeo Prasad Neetu Kalra Madhulika Singh Yogeshwer Shukla | 2008 | Asian Journal of Andrology2008，10，2： | 6 |
| 5 | Is cardiac resynchronisation therapy feasible, safe and beneficial in the very elderly?显示文摘ObjectiveTo evaluate 心脏的同一时刻治疗(CRT ) 培植是否与经历 CRT 培植的 symptoms.MethodsConsecutive 病人一起在 octogenarians 和协会可行、安全,从二个英国中心被招募。根据年龄组织的病人:<80 &≥80 年。基线人口分布,复杂并发症和结果在 439 个病人的那些 groups.ResultsA 总数之间被比较在这研究, 26%≥ 是谁被包括;80 年。Octogenarians 更经常与心脏的同一时刻治疗使用高压脉冲来消减心脏相比收到了心脏的再同步治疗心律调整器。从心律调整器的升级在两个组是普通的(16%<80 年对 22%≥80 年, P = NS ) 。合作病态在两个组是同样普通的(全面糖尿病:25% , atrial 纤维性颤动:23% ,高血压:45%) 。更耐心的年龄 ≥80 年有重要的长期的肾疾病(CKD,估计的 glomerular 过滤率 <45 mL/min 每 1.73 m 2,44% 对 22% , P <0.01 ) 。全面复杂并发症率(任何东西) 在两个组是类似的(16% 对 17% , P = NS ) 。两个组表明了征兆的利益。一个年死亡率作为与更年轻的队相比是在 octogenarians 更大的几乎四褶层(13.9% 对 3.7% , P <0.01 ).ConclusionsCRT 看起来安全在尽管有广泛的合作病态老、特别地经常严重 CKD。征兆的改进看起来有意义。增加的策略是 CRT 的潜在的候选人的有 CHF 的老病人的适当鉴定被要求。 | Bartosz Olechowski Rebecca Sands Donah Zachariah Neil P Andrews Richard Balasubramaniam Mark Sopher John Paisey Paul R Kalra | 2015 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2015，12，5： | 5 |
| 6 | Estrogen receptor expression in chronic hepatitis C and hepatocellular carcinoma pathogenesis显示文摘AIM To investigate gender-specific liver estrogen receptor(ER) expression in normal subjects and patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV)-related cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS Liver tissues from normal donors and patients diagnosed with HCV-related cirrhosis and HCV-related HCC were obtained from the NIH Liver Tissue and Cell Distribution System. The expression of ER subtypes, ERα and ERβ, were evaluated by Western blotting and real-time RT-PCR. The subcellular distribution of ERα and ERβ was further determined in nuclear and cytoplasmic tissue lysates along with the expression ofinflammatory [activated NF-κB and IκB-kinase(IKK)] and oncogenic(cyclin D1) markers by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The expression of ERα and ERβ was correlated with the expression of activated NF-κB, activated IKK and cyclin D1 by Spearman's correlation. RESULTS Both ER subtypes were expressed in normal livers but male livers showed significantly higher expression of ERα than females(P < 0.05). We observed significantly higher m RNA expression of ERα in HCV-related HCC liver tissues as compared to normals(P < 0.05) and ERβ in livers of HCV-related cirrhosis and HCV-related HCC subjects(P < 0.05). At the protein level, there was a significantly higher expression of nuclear ERα in livers of HCV-related HCC patients and nuclear ERβ in HCV-related cirrhosis patients as compared to normals(P < 0.05). Furthermore, we observed a significantly higher expression of phosphorylated NF-κB and cyclin D1 in diseased livers(P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the expression of nuclear ER subtypes and nuclear cyclin D1 and a negative correlation between cytoplasmic ER subtypes and cytoplasmic phosphorylated IKK in HCV-related HCC livers. These findings suggest that dysregulated expression of ER subtypes following chronic HCVinfection may contribute to the progression of HCVrelated cirrhosis to HCV-related HCC.CONCLUSION Gender differences were observed in ERα expression in normal livers. Alterations in ER subtype expression observed in diseased livers may influence genderrelated disparity in HCV-related pathogenesis. | Janaki K Iyer Mamta Kalra Anil Kaul Mark E Payton Rashmi Kaul | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，37： | 5 |
| 7 | Locoregional treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma:The best is yet to come显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the sixth-most common type of cancer worldwide. The only definitive treatment modalities capable of achieving a cure are hepatic resection and hepatic transplantation. However, most patients are not candidates for these therapies. Overall, treatment options are driven by the stage of HCC. Early-stage disease is treated with ablative therapies, with radiofrequency ablation the ablative therapy of choice. Microwave ablation and irreversible electroporation are the other upcoming alternatives. Intermediate-stage disease is managed with transarterial chemoembolization(TACE), while advanced-stage disease is managed by sorafenib, with TACE and radioembolization as other alternatives. | Naveen Kalra Pankaj Gupta Yogesh Chawla Niranjan Khandelwal | 2015 | World Journal of Radiology2015，7，10： | 5 |
| 8 | A numerical simulation study of CO2 injection for enhancing hydrocarbon recovery and sequestration in liquid-rich shales显示文摘Less than 10% of oil is usually recovered from liquid-rich shales and this leaves much room for improvement, while water injection into shale formation is virtually impossible because of the extremely low permeability of the formation matrix. Injecting carbon dioxide(CO_2) into oil shale formations can potentially improve oil recovery. Furthermore, the large surface area in organicrich shale could permanently store CO_2 without jeopardizing the formation integrity. This work is a mechanism study of evaluating the effectiveness of CO_2-enhanced oil shale recovery and shale formation CO_2 sequestration capacity using numerical simulation. Petrophysical and fluid properties similar to the Bakken Formation are used to set up the base model for simulation. Result shows that the CO_2 injection could increase the oil recovery factor from7.4% to 53%. In addition, petrophysical characteristics such as in situ stress changes and presence of a natural fracture network in the shale formation are proven to have impacts on subsurface CO_2 flow. A response surface modeling approach was applied to investigate the interaction between parameters and generate a proxy model for optimizing oil recovery and CO_2 injectivity. | Sumeer Kalra Wei Tian Xingru Wu | 2018 | Petroleum Science2018，15，1： | 4 |
| 9 | Association of NFKB1 gene polymorphism (rs28362491) with levels of inflammatory biomarkers and susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy in Asian Indians显示文摘AIM To investigate the association of NFKB1 gene-94 ATTG insertion/deletion(rs28362491) polymorphism with inflammatory markers and risk of diabetic nephropathy in Asian Indians.METHODS A total of 300 subjects were recruited(100 each), normoglycemic,(NG); type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) without any complications(DM) and T2 DM with diabetic nephropathy [DM-chronic renal disease(CRD)]. Analysis was carried out by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and ELISA. Pearson's correlation, analysis of variance and logistic regression wereused for statistical analysis.RESULTS The allelic frequencies of-94 ATTG insertion/deletion were 0.655/0.345(NG), 0.62/0.38(DM) and 0.775/0.225(DM-CRD). The-94 ATTG ins allele was associated with significantly increased levels of urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(u MCP-1); u MCP-1(P = 0.026) and plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α); TNF-α(P = 0.030) and almost doubled the risk of diabetic nephropathy(OR = 1.91, 95%CI: 1.080-3.386, P = 0.025).CONCLUSION-94 ATTG ins/ins polymorphism might be associated with increased risk of developing nephropathy in Asian Indian subjects with diabetes mellitus. | Amar Gautam Stuti Gupta Mohit Mehndiratta Mohini Sharma Kalpana Singh Om P Kalra Sunil Agarwal Jasvinder K Gambhir | 2017 | World Journal of Diabetes2017，8，2： | 4 |
| 10 | Role of angiotensin converting enzyme and angiotensinogen gene polymorphisms in angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor-mediated antiproteinuric action in type 2 diabetic nephropathy patients显示文摘AIM To investigate the role of genetic variants of angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) and angiotensinogen(AGT) genes in the antiproteinuric efficacy of ACE inhibitor therapy in diabetic nephropathy(DN) patients.METHODS In the present study, 270 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with nephropathy were enrolled and treated with ACE inhibitor(ramipril) and followed at 6 mo for renal function and albumin excretion by estimating serum creatinine, end stage renal disease, and albumin/creatinine ratio(ACR) in urine. Genotyping of ACE I/D and AGT M235 T polymorphisms were performed by using primer specific polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and PCR-RFLP techniques, respectively. RESULTS Forty-eight percent of DN patients(responders) benefited with respect to proteinuria from ACE inhibitor therapy at 6 mo follow-up. A significant reduction in ACR was observed after 6 mo treatment with ACE inhibitor irrespective of whether DN patients were micro-albuminuric(≥ 30 and < 300 mg/g creatinine) or macro-albuminuric(≥ 300 mg/g creatinine) at the time of enrollment. However, macro-albuminuric patients(55%) showed better response to therapy. A reduction in urinary ACR was found independent of genotypes of ACE I/D and AGT M235 T polymorphisms although macro-albuminuric patients having TT genotype showed statistically insignificant increased response(72%). CONCLUSION ACE inhibitor therapy reduced urinary ACR by ≥ 30% in 50% of DN patients and the response is independent of ACE I/D and AGT M235 T polymorphisms. | Neerja Aggarwal Pawan Kumar Kare Parul Varshney Om Prakash Kalra Sri Venkata Madhu Basu Dev Banerjee Anil Yadav Alpana Raizada Ashok Kumar Tripathi | 2017 | World Journal of Diabetes2017，8，3： | 4 |
| 11 | Current status of low dose multi-detector CT in the urinary tract显示文摘Over the past several years,advances in the technical domain of computed tomography(CT) have influenced the trend of imaging modalities used in the clinical evaluation of the urinary system.Renal collecting systems can be illustrated more precisely with the advent of multi-detector row CT through thinner slices,high speed acquisitions,and enhanced longitudinal spatial resolution resulting in improved reformatted coronal images.On the other hand,a significant increase in exposure to ionizing radiation,especially in the radiosensitive organs,such as the gonads,is a concern with the increased utilization of urinary tract CT.In this article,we discuss the strategies and techniques availablefor reducing radiation dose for a variety of urinary tractCT protocols with metabolic clinical examples.We also reviewed CT for hematuria evaluation and related scan parameter optimization such as,reducing the number of acquisition phases,CT angiography of renal donors and lowering tube potential,when possible. | Mi Kim Sung Sarabjeet Singh Mannudeep K Kalra | 2011 | World Journal of Radiology2011，3，11： | 4 |
| 12 | Single-Incision Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Versus Conventional Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Meta-analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials显示文摘 | Muhammad S. Sajid Nikhil Ladwa Lorain Kalra Kristian K. Hutson Krishna K. Singh Mazin Sayegh | 2012 | World Journal of Surgery2012，，11： | 3 |
| 13 | Imaging-based algorithmic approach to gallbladder wall thickening显示文摘Gallbladder(GB) wall thickening is a frequent finding caused by a spectrum of conditions. It is observed in many extracholecystic as well as intrinsic GB conditions. GB wall thickening can either be diffuse or focal. Diffuse wall thickening is a secondary occurrence in both extrinsic and intrinsic pathologies of GB, whereas, focal wall thickening is mostly associated with intrinsic GB pathologies. In the absence of specific clinical features, accurate etiological diagnosis can be challenging. The survival rate in GB carcinoma(GBC) can be improved if it is diagnosed at an early stage, especially when the tumor is confined to the wall. The pattern of wall thickening in GBC is often confused with benign diseases, especially chronic cholecystitis, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, and adenomyomatosis. Early recognition and differentiation of these conditions can improve the prognosis. In this minireview, the authors describe the patterns of abnormalities on various imaging modalities(conventional as well as advanced) for the diagnosis of GB wall thickening. This paper also illustrates an algorithmic approach for the etiological diagnosis of GB wall thickening and suggests a formatted reporting for GB wall abnormalities. | Pankaj Gupta Yashi Marodia Akash Bansal Naveen Kalra Praveen Kumar-M Vishal Sharma Usha Dutta Manavjit Singh Sandhu | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，40： | 3 |
| 14 | Modulatory effects of diallyl sulfide against testosteroneinduced oxidative stress in Swiss albino mice显示文摘瞄准:调查二丙烯基硫化物(DAS ) 的保护的效果,大蒜的成分,对在男瑞士白化体老鼠的导致睾丸激素的氧化应力。方法:动物被给低(250 mg/animal ) 并且在为与睾丸激素一起的 7 天的玉蜀黍油的 DAS 的高剂量(500 mg/animal )(5 mg/kg 体重, i.p ) 。在学习时期的结束,前列腺和肝被把决定各种各样的抗氧化剂酶层次(过氧化氢酶,超级氧化物歧化酶,谷胱甘肽还原酶, glutathione-s-transferase ) 并且类脂化合物每氧化。结果:在睾丸激素对待老鼠,弄空的抗氧化剂酶水平在前列腺和肝每氧化在类脂化合物伴有改进。DAS 显著地在两个机关每氧化恢复了导致睾丸激素的抗氧化剂酶和类脂化合物。这些变化看起来被 DAS 的提高抗氧化剂的效果调停。结论:现在的学习的结果建议 DAS 在由禁止导致睾丸激素的氧化应力施加抗氧化剂效果是有效的并且可能在阻止前列腺癌症有用。 | Sahdeo Prasad Neetu Kalra Yogeshwer Shukla | 2006 | Asian Journal of Andrology2006，8，6： | 3 |
| 15 | 有为腹的 CT 的非线性的适应过滤器的申请的放射剂量减小显示文摘 AIM:To evaluate the effect of non-linear adaptive filters (NLAF) on abdominal computed tomography (CT) images acquired at different radiation dose levels.METHODS:Nineteen patients (mean age 61.6 ± 7.9 years,M:F=8:11) gave informed consent for an Institutional Review Board approved prospective study involving acquisition of 4 additional image series (200,150,100,50 mAs and 120 kVp) on a 64 slice multidetector row CT scanner over an identical 10 cm length in the abdomen.The CT images acquired at 150,100 and 50 mAs were processed with the NLAF.Two radiologists reviewed unprocessed and processed images for image quality in a blinded randomized manner.CT dose index volume,dose length product,patient weight,transverse diameters,objective noise and CT numbers wererecorded.Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance and Wilcoxon signed rank test.RESULTS:Of the 31 lesions detected in abdominal CT images,28 lesions were less than 1 cm in size.Subjective image noise was graded as unacceptable in unprocessed images at 50 and 100 mAs,and in NLAF processed images at 50 mAs only.In NLAF processed images,objective image noise was decreased by 21% (14.4 ± 4/18.2 ± 4.9) at 150 mAs,28.3% (15.7 ± 5.6/21.9 ± 4) at 100 mAs and by 39.4% (18.8 ± 9/30.4 ± 9.2) at 50 mAs compared to unprocessed images acquired at respective radiation dose levels.At 100 mAs the visibility of smaller structures improved from suboptimal in unprocessed images to excellent in NLAF processed images,whereas diagnostic confidence was respectively improved from probably confident to fully confident.CONCLUSION:NLAF lowers image noise,improves the visibility of small structures and maintains lesion conspicuity at down to 100 mAs for abdominal CT. | Sarabjeet Singh Mannudeep K Kalra Mi Kim Sung Anni Back Michael A Blake | 2012 | World Journal of Radiology2012，4，1： | 3 |
| 16 | Adenyl cyclase activator forskolin protects against Huntington's disease-like neurodegenerative disorders显示文摘Long term suppression of succinate dehydrogenase by selective inhibitor 3-nitropropionic acid has been used in rodents to model Huntington's disease where mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damages are primary pathological hallmarks for neuronal damage. Improvements in learning and memory abilities, recovery of energy levels, and reduction of excitotoxicity damage can be achieved through activation of Adenyl cyclase enzyme by a specific phytochemical forskolin. In this study, intraperitoneal administration of 10 mg/kg 3-nitropropionic acid for 15 days in rats notably reduced body weight, worsened motor cocordination(grip strength, beam crossing task, locomotor activity), resulted in learning and memory deficits, greatly increased acetylcholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenase, nitrite, and malondialdehyde levels, obviously decreased adenosine triphosphate, succinate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and reduced glutathione levels in the striatum, cortex and hippocampus. Intragastric administration of forskolin at 10, 20, 30 mg/kg dose-dependently reversed these behavioral, biochemical and pathological changes caused by 3-nitropropionic acid. These results suggest that forskolin exhibits neuroprotective effects on 3-nitropropionic acid-induced Huntington's disease-like neurodegeneration. | Sidharth Mehan Shaba Parveen Sanjeev Kalra | 2017 | Neural Regeneration Research2017，12，2： | 2 |
| 17 | CT features of acute phlegmonous gastritis显示文摘 | Bimal P. Sood Naveen Kalra S. Suri | 2001 | Clinical Imaging2001，，5： | 2 |
| 18 | Drug therapy for heart failure in older patients —what do they want?显示文摘长期的心失败(CHF ) 主要在更老的病人被看见,因此真实的生活药经常从在年轻得多的人口进行的试用要求调查结果的推测。规定模式和潜力受益在老被 polypharmacy 和 co 疾病的病理重重地影响。增加的长寿可以变得不太相关在脆弱老,而改善,生活(QoL ) 的质量经常成为优先级;在改进幸福上的义务,维持独立为更长,并且推迟 institutionalisation。与 CHF 评估老病人的特定的研究正在缺乏,很少关于 tolerability 和证据的副作用侧面被知道在这张人口的基于的药治疗。在有征兆的 CHF 的病人的心率的影响上有最近的兴趣。与降低能力的选择心率, Ivabradine 在湾穴节奏具有在有 CHF 和左室的收缩机能障碍的病人的利益,导致心失败 hospitalisation 和心血管的死亡的减小。这张手稿将集中于 CHF 和更老的病人并且将讨论心率,药治疗和 tolerability 的影响。它将也为集中于描述很治疗学的审判的集中病人的学习结束点而非死亡目标的特定的研究加亮未满足的需要。在介绍一个唯一的机会评估 tolerability 并且确定的治疗影响大量真实生活的 QoL 上评估 ivabradine 的影响的进行中的研究,有 CHF 的更老的病人将被讨论。 | Donah Zachariah Jacqueline Taylor Nigel Rowell Clare Spooner Paul R Kalra | 2015 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2015，12，2： | 2 |
| 19 | A dynamic model for exploring water-resource management scenarios in an inland arid area: Shanshan County, Northwestern China显示文摘Water scarcity is a challenge in many arid and semi-arid regions; this may lead to a series of environmental problems and could be stressed even further by the effects from climate change. This study focused on the water resource management in Shanshan County, an inland arid region located in northwestern China with a long history of groundwater overexploitation. A model of the supply and demand system in the study area from 2006 to2030, including effects from global climate change,was developed using a system dynamics(SD)modeling tool. This SD model was used to 1) explore the best water-resource management options by testing system responses under various scenarios and2) identify the principal factors affecting the responses, aiming for a balance of the groundwater system and sustainable socio-economic development.Three causes were identified as primarily responsible for water issues in Shanshan: low water-use efficiency low water reuse, and increase in industrial waterdemand. To address these causes, a combined scenario was designed and simulated, which was able to keep the water deficiency under 5% by 2030. The model provided some insights into the dynamic interrelations that generate system behavior and the key factors in the system that govern water demand and supply. The model as well as the study results may be useful in water resources management in Shanshan and may be applied, with appropriate modifications, to other regions facing similar water management challenges. | CHEN Chao AHMAD Sajjad KALRA Ajay XU Zhi-xia | 2017 | Journal of Mountain Science2017，14，6： | 2 |
| 20 | Engaging the spikes: heparan sulfate facilitates SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding to ACE2 and potentiates viral infection显示文摘In a recent report published in Cell,Clausen et al.1 reveal that heparan sulfate(HS)functions as a necessary cofactor for SARSCoV-2 binding to the ACE2 at the host cell membrane.Molecular analysis identified that HS interacts with the receptor-binding domain(RBD)at the SI subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 trimeric S-protein,which facilitates the opening of S-protein conformation for ACE2 binding. | Rajkumar Singh Kalra Ramesh Kandimalla | 2021 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2021，6，2： | 2 |
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