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| 1 | WJSC 6^(th) Anniversary Special Issues(2):Mesenchymal stem cells Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of spinal cord injuries:A review显示文摘With technological advances in basic research,the intricate mechanism of secondary delayed spinal cord injury(SCI)continues to unravel at a rapid pace.However,despite our deeper understanding of the molecular changes occurring after initial insult to the spinal cord,the cure for paralysis remains elusive.Current treatment of SCI is limited to early administration of high dose steroids to mitigate the harmful effect of cord edema that occurs after SCI and to reduce the cascade of secondary delayed SCI.R ecent evident-based clinical studies have cast doubt on the clinical benefit of steroids in SCI and intense focus on stem cell-based therapy has yielded some encouraging results.An array of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)from various sources with novel and promising strategies are being developed to improve function after SCI.In this review,we briefly discuss the pathophysiology of spinal cord injuries and characteristics and the potential sources of MSCs that can be used in the treatment of SCI.We will discuss the progress of MSCs application in research,focusing on the neuroprotective properties of MSCs.Finally,we will discuss the results from preclinical and clinical trials involving stem cell-based therapy in SCI. | Venkata Ramesh Dasari Krishna Kumar Veeravalli Dzung H Dinh | 2014 | World Journal of Stem Cells2014，6，2： | 32 |
| 2 | How good is endoscopic ultrasound for TNM staging of gastric cancers? A meta-analysis and systematic review显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) for staging of gastric cancers. METHODS: Only EUS studies confirmed by surgery were selected. Only studies from which a 2 × 2 table could be constructed for true positive, false negative, false positive and true negative values were included. Articles were searched in Medline, Pubmed, Ovid journals, Cumulative index for nursing & allied health literature, International pharmaceutical abstracts, old Medline, Medline nonindexed citations, and Cochrane control trial registry. Two reviewers independently searched and extracted data. The differences were resolved by mutual agreement. 2 × 2 tables were constructed with the data extracted from each study. Meta-analysis for the accuracy of EUS was analyzed by calculating pooled estimates of sensitivity, specifi city, likelihood ratios, and diagnostic odds ratio. Pooling was conducted by both the Mantel-Haenszel method (fi xed effects model) and DerSimonian Laird method (random effects model). The heterogeneity of studies was tested using Cochran's Q test based upon inverse variance weights. RESULTS: Initial search identified 1620 reference articles and of these, 376 relevant articles were selected and reviewed. Twenty-two studies (n = 1896) which met the inclusion criteria were included in this analysis. Pooled sensitivity of T1 was 88.1% (95% CI: 84.5-91.1) and T2 was 82.3% (95% CI: 78.2-86.0). For T3, pooled sensitivity was 89.7% (95% CI: 87.1-92.0). T4 hada pooled sensitivity of 99.2% (95% CI: 97.1-99.9). For nodal staging, the pooled sensitivity for N1 was 58.2% (95% CI: 53.5-62.8) and N2 was 64.9% (95% CI: 60.8-68.8). Pooled sensitivity to diagnose distant metastasis was 73.2% (95% CI: 63.2-81.7). The P for chi-squared heterogeneity for all the pooled accuracy estimates was > 0.10. CONCLUSION: EUS results are more accurate with advanced disease than early disease. If EUS diagnoses advanced disease, such as T4 disease, the patient is 500 times more likely to have true anatomic stage of T4 disease. | Srinivas Reddy Puli Jyotsna Batapati Krishna Reddy Matthew L Bechtold Mainor R Antillon Jamal A Ibdah | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，25： | 33 |
| 3 | Gilbert's syndrome: High frequency of the (TA)_7 TAA allele in India and its interaction with a novel CAT insertion in promoter of the gene for bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1 gene显示文摘瞄准:在吉伯的症候群(GS ) 在 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1 (UGT1A1 ) 基因识别变体并且在印度在正常控制之中在 TA 插入和它的影响的印度,以及频率为 TA 插入和 GS 估计在纯合性之间的协会。方法:95 个 GS 盒子和 95 正常控制被选择。肝工作,另外的测试被做。倡导者和 UGT1A1 基因的所有 5 前 ons 被重新定序。对新奇 trinucleotide 插入的功能的评价被做由在 silico 分析并且由估计 UGT1A1,倡导者活动在 Hep G2 由适当构造的酶记者试金执行了房间线。结果:在 GS 病人之中, 80% 为 TA 插入是同型结合的,它比从另外的种族组的报告高好几倍。吝啬的 UCB 水平与仅仅这插入的一个拷贝在个人之中被提高,它不与有二个拷贝的那些显著地不同。在 UGT1A1 基因的许多新 DNA 变体被发现,包括在倡导者的插入在 GS 病人的一个子集(10%) 发现了的 trinucleotide (猫) ,然而并非在正常之中控制。In-silico 分析证明在倡导者和功能的分析的合拢 DNA 的显著变化在 UGT1A1 基因源于这插入的抄写效率显示出 20 褶层减小,显著地从而提高 UCB 水平。结论:GS 的基因传染病学越过种族组是可变的,在 UGT1A1 倡导者变体之中的上位相互作用调制胆红素 glucuronidation。 | Shabana Farheen Sanghamitra Sengupta Amal Santra Suparna Pal Gopal Krishna Dhali Meenakshi Chakravorty Partha P Majumder Abhijit Chowdhury | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，14： | 29 |
| 4 | Pentoxifylline versus prednisolone for severe alcoholic hepatitis:A randomized controlled trial显示文摘AIM:To compare the efficacy of pentoxifylline and prednisolone in the treatment of severe alcoholic hepatitis,and to evaluate the role of different liver function scores in predicting prognosis.METHODS:Sixty-eight patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis(Maddrey score≥32)received pentoxifylline(n=34,groupⅠ)or prednisolone(n=34,groupⅡ) for 28 d in a randomized double-blind controlled study,and subsequently in an open study(with a tapering dose of prednisolone)for a total of 3 mo,and were followed up over a period of 12 mo.RESULTS:Twelve patients in groupⅡdied at the end of 3 mo in contrast to five patients in groupⅠ.The probability of dying at the end of 3 mo was higher in groupⅡas compared to groupⅠ(35.29%vs 14.71%,P=0.04;log rank test).Six patients in groupⅡ developed hepatorenal syndrome as compared to none in groupⅠ.Pentoxifylline was associated with a significantly lower model for end-stage liver disease(MELD)score at the end of 28 d of therapy(15.53±3.63 vs 17.78±4.56,P=0.04).Higher baseline Maddrey score was associated with increased mortality.CONCLUSION:Reduced mortality,improved risk-benefit profile and renoprotective effects of pentoxifylline compared with prednisolone suggest that pentoxifylline is superior to prednisolone for treatment of severe alcoholic hepatitis. | Binay Krishna De Subhabrata Gangopadhyay Deep Dutta Sumanta Das Baksi Adyapad Pani Pramit Ghosh | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，13： | 26 |
| 5 | A matched-pair analysis of laparoscopic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy: oncological outcomes using Leeds Pathology Protocol显示文摘BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy(LPD)is a safe procedure. Oncological safety of LPD is still a matter for debate. This study aimed to compare the oncological outcomes,in terms of adequacy of resection and recurrence rate following LPD and open pancreaticoduodenectomy(OPD).METHODS: Between November 2005 and April 2009, 12LPDs(9 ampullary and 3 distal common bile duct tumors)were performed. A cohort of 12 OPDs were matched for age,gender, body mass index(BMI) and American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) score and tumor site.RESULTS: Mean tumor size LPD vs OPD(19.8 vs 19.2 mm,P=0.870). R0 resection was achieved in 9 LPD vs 8 OPD(P=1.000). The mean number of metastatic lymph nodes and total number resected for LPD vs OPD were 1.1 vs 2.1(P=0.140)and 20.7 vs 18.5(P=0.534) respectively. Clavien complications grade I/II(5 vs 8), III/IV(2 vs 6) and pancreatic leak(2 vs 1)were statistically not significant(LPD vs OPD). The mean high dependency unit(HDU) stay was longer in OPD(3.7 vs 1.4 days,P<0.001). There were 2 recurrences each in LPD and OPD(logrank,P=0.983). Overall mortality for LPD vs OPD was 3 vs 6(log-rank, P=0.283) and recurrence-related mortality was 2 vs 1.There was one death within 30 days in the OPD group secondary to severe sepsis and none in the LPD group.CONCLUSIONS: Compared to open procedure, LPD achieved a similar rate of R0 resection, lymph node harvest and longterm recurrence for tumors less than 2 cm. Though technically challenging, LPD is safe and does not compromise oncological outcome. | Abdul R Hakeem Caroline S Verbeke Alison Cairns Amer Aldouri Andrew M Smith Krishna V Menon | 2014 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2014，13，4： | 24 |
| 6 | 健康受试者不同胃部状态下泊沙康唑口服混悬剂的药动学研究显示文摘 | Krishna G Moton A 陈喆焱 汪复 | 2009 | 中国感染与化疗杂志2009，9，5： | 22 |
| 7 | Orchestration between ILC2s and Th2 cells in shaping type 2 immune responses显示文摘The type 2 immune response is critical for host defense against large parasites such as helminths.On the other hand,dysregulation of the type 2 immune response may cause immunopathological conditions,including asthma,atopic dermatitis,rhinitis,and anaphylaxis.Thus,a balanced type 2 immune response must be achieved to mount effective protection against invading pathogens while avoiding immunopathology.The classical model of type 2 immunity mainly involves the differentiation of type 2 T helper(Th2)cells and the production of distinct type 2 cytokines,including interleukin-4(IL-4),IL-5,and IL-13.Group 2 innate lymphoid cells(ILC2s)were recently recognized as another important source of type 2 cytokines.Although eosinophils,mast cells,and basophils can also express type 2 cytokines and participate in type 2 immune responses to various degrees,the production of type 2 cytokines by the lymphoid lineages,Th2 cells,and ILC2s in particular is the central event during the type 2 immune response.In this review,we discuss recent advances in our understanding of how ILC2s and Th2 cells orchestrate type 2 immune responses through direct and indirect interactions. | Rama Krishna Gurram Jinfang Zhu | 2019 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2019，16，3： | 19 |
| 8 | Clinically detected gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are on the rise: Epidemiological changes in Germany显示文摘AIM:To study the epidemiologic changes of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(GEP-NET)in Germany,we analyzed two time periods 1976-1988 and1998-2006.METHODS:We evaluated epidemiological data of GEP-NET from the former East German National Cancer Registry(DDR Krebsregister,1976-1988)and its successor,the Joint Cancer Registry(GKR,1998-2006),which was founded after German reunification.Due to a particularly substantial database the epidemiological data from the federal states of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania,Saxony,Brandenburg and Thuringia,covering a population of more than 10.8 million people,were analyzed.Survival probabilities were calculated using life table analysis.In addition,GEP-NET patients were evaluated for one or more second(non-GEP-NET)primary malignancies.RESULTS:A total of 2821 GEP neuroendocrine neoplasms were identified in the two registries.The overall incidence increased significantly between 1976 and2006 from 0.31(per 100.000 inhabitants per year)to2.27 for men and from 0.57 to 2.38 for women.In the later period studied(2004-2006),the small intestine was the most common site.Neuroendocrine(NE)neoplasms of the small intestine showed the largest absolute increase in incidence,while rectal NE neoplasms exhibited the greatest relative increase.Only the incidence of appendiceal NET in women showed little change between 1976 and 2006.Overall survival of patients varied for sex,tumor site and the two periods studied but improved significantly over time.Interestingly,about 20%of the GEP-NET patients developed one or more second malignancies.Their most common location was the gastrointestinal tract.GEP-NET patients without second malignancies fared better than those with one or more of them.CONCLUSION:The number of detected GEP-NET increased about 5-fold in Germany between 1976 and2006.At the same time,their anatomic distribution changed,and the survival of GEP-NET patients improved significantly.Second malignancies are common and influence the overall survival of GEP-NET patients.Thus,GEP-NET warrant our attention as well as intensive research on their tumorigenesis. | Hans Scherübl Brigitte Streller Roland Stabenow Hermann Herbst Michael Hopfner Christoph Schwertner Joachim Steinberg Jan Eick Wanda Ring Krishna Tiwari Soren M Zappe | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，47： | 16 |
| 9 | Systematic review and meta-analysis on the prophylactic role of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to prevent post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis显示文摘AIM: To critically appraise the published randomized, controlled trials on the prophylactic effectiveness of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs), in reducing the risk of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) pancreatitis. METHODS: A systematic literature search(MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library, from inception of the databases until May 2015) was conducted to identify randomized, clinical trials investigating the role of NSAIDs in reducing the risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis. Random effects model of the meta-analysis was carried out, and results were presented as odds ratios(OR) with corresponding 95%CI.RESULTS: Thirteen randomized controlled trials on 3378 patients were included in the final meta-analysis. There were 1718 patients in the NSAIDs group and 1660 patients in non-NSAIDs group undergoing ERCP. The use of NSAIDs(through rectal route or intramuscular route) was associated with the reduced risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis [OR, 0.52(0.38-0.72), P = 0.0001]. The use of pre-procedure NSAIDs was effective in reducing approximately 48% incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis, number needed to treat were 16 with absolute risk reduction of 0.05. But the risk of post-ERCP pancreattis was reduced by 55% if NSAIDs were administered after procedure. Similarly, diclofenac was more effective(55%) prophylactic agent compared to indomethacin(41%).CONCLUSION: NSAIDs seem to have clinically proven advantage of reducing the risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis. | Muhammad S Sajid Amir H Khawaja Mazin Sayegh Krishna K Singh Zinu Philipose | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，19： | 14 |
| 10 | Information asymmetry, corporate disclosure, and the capital markets: A review of the empirical disclosure literature显示文摘 | Paul M Healy Krishna G Palepu | 2001 | Journal of Accounting and Economics2001，，1： | 14 |
| 11 | Magnesium matrix composites for biomedical applications:A review显示文摘In recent years,a new wave of bioactive,biocompatibility and biodegradable metallic materials were developed for orthopedic applications.Pure Magnesium,Magnesium alloys,Magnesium alloy-based composites are extensive material to the biomedical applications,by virtue of its high biocompatibility and reasonable strength.Pure magnesium,Magnesium alloys can corrode too fast during the physiological conditions and loses their properties before bone heal.The new era for the development of magnesium-based composites can satisfy the orthopedic applications.Magnesium-based composites,as bio-materials,can produce adjustable mechanical properties like Ultimate tensile strength,ductility,elastic modulus,and corrosion resistance in the physiological conditions.In the Mg based composites,the matrix materials are biomedical magnesium alloys base like Mg-Ca,Mg-Al,Mg-Zn,and Mg-REE alloy and The reinforcements are based on hydroxyapatite(HAP),calcium polyphosphate(CPP),andβ-tricalcium phosphate(β-TCP)particles.This comprehensive review is focused on different grades of biodegradable magnesium matrix composites including their mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. | Vijay Kumar Bommala Mallarapu Gopi Krishna ChTirumala Rao | 2019 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2019，7，1： | 12 |
| 12 | Natural history of liver cirrhosis in south China based on a large cohort study in one center: a follow-up study for up to 5 years in 920 patients显示文摘 | WANG Shu-bin WANG Jin-hui CHEN Jie Ram Krishna Giri CHEN Min-hu | 2012 | Chinese Medical Journal2012，，12： | 11 |
| 13 | 电子束增材制造医用钛合金三维多孔支架力学及生物功能研究进展(英文)显示文摘本文综述了电子束增材制造法(EBM)制备医用钛合金多孔支架植入物的工艺-结构-性能之间关系.传统加工多孔材料方法(如冷冻铸造及烧结法)制备的多孔植入器械由于很难匹配患病部位以及与人体组织在宏微观结构、力学和物理性能存在差异等因素受到很多限制.针对这一问题,EBM方法具有独特的优势.它可以利用患病部位的CT扫描成像或者CAD程序设计制备出复杂个性化多孔植入器械.本文概述了用于组织再生3D打印多孔支架的发展历程,主要包含两部分:第一部分介绍了EBM法制备的具有不同特征(设计、结构单元、加工参数、扫描速率、孔隙率及热处理)钛合金多孔支架的力学性能;第二部分介绍了多孔支架生物响应的改进优化以及表面改性对细胞-材料交互作用的研究进展.最后,本文还讨论了三维多孔钛合金支架的临床试验结果,并展望了其在生物医疗领域的应用前景. | Krishna Chaitanya Nune 李述军 R.Devesh Kumar Misra | 2018 | Science China Materials2018，61，4： | 11 |
| 14 | 脊髓电刺激疗法新进展显示文摘脊髓电刺激疗法(spinal cord stimulation,SCS),俗称镇痛起搏器。是指将刺激电极置入椎管的硬膜外腔,通过电流刺激脊髓后角感觉神经元及后柱传导束,从而阻断疼痛信号传导,以达到治疗疼痛的一种神经调控方法。SCS早已被美国FDA批准成为治疗躯干和四肢慢性疼痛的一种方法。SCS发展了近40年,针对慢性疼痛的治疗,其可行性及高选择性有目共睹。然而,脊髓电刺激疗法仍然面临着其特有的一系列挑战,本文将就椎管内治疗策略、电刺激参数的选择、患者的选择、治疗的成本效益以及提高疗效的策略等问题进行详细描述。 | Krishna Kumar 谢晓燕 | 2016 | 中国疼痛医学杂志2016，22，3： | 11 |
| 15 | 钛合金多孔植入物:骨整合、血管化和临床实验(英文)显示文摘本文采用电子束增材(EBM)制造技术制备了多种具有开放孔隙结构的多孔钛合金(Ti-6Al-4V)植入物,包括网状和泡沫状结构.该多孔钛合金植入物可以通过调节孔隙率(或密度)降低其弹性模量(或刚度)以减轻'应力屏蔽'效应,实现与软(小梁)和硬(皮质)骨的弹性模量(或刚度)匹配;同时还可以促进骨组织长入,增加细胞密度和细胞外基质间的相互作用,后者涉及骨形态发生蛋白(BMP-2)和成骨细胞功能之间的相互影响.总结了在水性水凝胶基质中初级血管结构的早期形成和特征,报道了EBM技术制备的个性化钛合金植体在动物(羊)和人体临床试验的初步结果.本文结果为钛合金多孔材料作为组织工程'活性'植入物的应用可行性研究提供了有力支持. | 李述军 李小康 侯文韬 Krishna C.Nune R.Devesh K.Misra Victor L.Correa-Rodriguez 郭征 郝玉琳 杨锐 Lawrence E.Murr | 2018 | Science China Materials2018，61，4： | 11 |
| 16 | Efficacy of Bacillus subtilis MBI 600 Against Sheath Blight Caused by Rhizoctonia solani and on Growth and Yield of Rice显示文摘Rice sheath blight disease(ShB),caused by Rhizoctonia solani,gives rise to significant grain yield losses.The present study evaluated the efficacy of Integral?,the commercial liquid formulation of Bacillus subtilis strain MBI 600,against rice ShB and for plant growth promotion.In greenhouse studies,four log concentrations of Integral(from 2.2×106 to 2.2×109 cfu/mL) were used as seed treatment(ST).After 25 d,seedlings were dipped(SD) into Integral prior to transplanting.At 30 d after transplanting(DAT),leaf sheaths were inoculated with immature sclerotia of the pathogen.At 45 DAT,a foliar spray(FS) with Integral was applied to some treatments.The fungicide control was 50% carbendazim at 1.0 g/L,and a nontreated control was also included.Overall,there were 10 treatments,each with five replications.ShB severity was rated at 52 DAT,and seedling height and number of tillers per plant were rated at 60 DAT.In 2009,two field trials evaluated Integral at 2.2×108 and 2.2×109 cfu/mL.Integral was applied as ST,and seedlings were produced in a nursery bed.After 32 d,seedlings were treated with Integral as SD and transplanted into 10 m2 blocks.Foliar sprays were given at 45 and 60 DAT.There were seven treatments,each with eight replications arranged as a factorial randomized complete block design.At 20 DAT,the plots were broadcast inoculated with R.solani produced on rice grains.Seedling height before transplanting,ShB severity at 90 DAT,and grain yield at harvest were recorded.Integral at 2.2×109 cfu/mL provided significant increase of seedling heights over other treatments under greenhouse conditions.The Integral treatments of ST + SD + FS at 2.2×109 cfu/mL significantly suppressed ShB over other treatments.In field studies,Integral provided significant increase of seedling height in nursery,and number of tillers per plant,compared with the control.ShB severity was significantly suppressed with higher concentrations of Integral compared to lower concentrations.Grain yield were the highest at an Integral concentration of 2.2×109 cfu/mL.Overall,Integral significantly reduced ShB severity,enhanced seedling growth,number of tillers per plant and grain yield as ST + SD + FS at the concentration of 2.2×109 cfu/mL under the conditions evaluated. | K. VIJAY KRISHNA KUMAR S. KR. YELLAREDDYGARI M. S. REDDY J. W. KLOEPPER K. S. LAWRENCE X. G. ZHOU H. SUDINI D. E. GROTH S. KRISHNAM RAJU M. E. MILLER | 2012 | Rice science2012，19，1： | 11 |
| 17 | Endoscopic ultrasound:It’s accuracy in evaluating mediastinal lymphadenopathy? A meta-analysis and systematic review显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), EUS-fine needle aspiration (FNA) in evaluating mediastinal lymphadenopathy. METHODS:Only EUS and EUS-FNA studies confirmed by surgery or with appropriate follow-up were selected. Articles were searched in Medline, Pubmed, and Cochrane control trial registry. Only studies from which a 2 × 2 table could be constructed for true positive, false negative, false positive and true negative values were included. Two reviewers independently searched and extracted data. The differences were resolved by mutual agreement. Meta-analysis for the accuracy of EUS was analyzed by calculating pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and diagnostic odds ratios. Pooling was conducted by both Mantel-Haenszel method (fixed effects model) and DerSimonian Laird method (random effects model). The heterogeneity of studies was tested using Cochran’s Q test based upon inverse variance weights. RESULTS:Data was extracted from 76 studies (n = 9310) which met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 44 studies used EUS alone and 32 studies used EUS-FNA. FNA improved the sensitivity of EUS from 84.7% (95% CI:82.9-86.4) to 88.0% (95% CI:85.8-90.0). With FNA, the specificity of EUS improved from 84.6% (95% CI:83.2-85.9) to 96.4% (95% CI:95.3-97.4). The P forchi-squared heterogeneity for all the pooled accuracy estimates was > 0.10. CONCLUSION:EUS is highly sensitive and specific for the evaluation of mediastinal lymphadenopathy and FNA substantially improves this. EUS with FNA should be the diagnostic test of choice for evaluating mediastinal lymphadenopathy. | Srinivas R Puli Jyotsna Batapati Krishna Reddy Matthew L Bechtold Jamal A Ibdah Daphne Antillon Shailender Singh Mojtaba Olyaee Mainor R Antillon | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，19： | 10 |
| 18 | Microalgae:A potential alternative to health supplementation for humans显示文摘Microalgae has been consumed in human diet for thousands of years.It is an under-exploited crop for production of dietary foods.Microalgae cultivation does not compete with land and resources required for traditional crops and has a superior yield compared to terrestrial crops.Its high protein content has exhibited a huge potential to meet the dietary requirements of growing population.Apart from being a source of protein,presence of various bio-active components in microalgae provide an added health benefit.This review describes various microalgal sources of proteins and other bio-active components.One of the heavily studied group of bio-active components are pigments due to their anticarcenogenic,antioxidative and antihypertensive properties.Compared to various plant and floral species,microalgae contain higher amounts of pigments.Microalgal derived proteins have complete Essential Amino Acids(EAA)profiles and their protein content is higher than conventional sources such as meat,poultry and dairy products.However,microalgal based functional foods have not flooded the market.The lack of awareness coupled with scarce incentives for producers result in under-exploitation of microalgal potential.Application of microalgal derived components as dietary and nutraceutical supplements is discussed comprehensively. | Apurav Krishna Koyande Kit Wayne Chew Krishnamoorthy Rambabu Yang Tao Dinh-Toi Chu Pau-Loke Show | 2019 | Food Science and Human Wellness2019，8，1： | 10 |
| 19 | Copper Delivery by the Copper Chaperone for Chloroplast and Cytosolic Copper/Zinc- Superoxide Dismutases: Regulation and Unexpected Phenotypes in an Arabidopsis Mutant显示文摘铜(Cu ) 是作为与 plastocyanin 和 Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD ) 联系的一个余因子在叶绿体发现的重要矿物质营养素。Superoxide dismutases 是在减少氧化应力与建议角色在很氧的有机体发现的 metallo 酶。在 Arabidopsis 的几最近的研究显示出那 microRNAs 和一个 SQUAMOSA 倡导者绑定 protein-like7 (SPL7 ) 抄写因素函数到下面调整许多 Cu 蛋白质的表达式包括在质体和 cytosol 的 Cu/ZnSOD,在低 Cu 上的生长期间。植物为把 Cu 送到 Cu/ZnSODs 的草皮(CCS ) 包含 Cu 女伴,并且,在 Arabidopsis, cytosolic 和 plastidic CCS 版本被一基因编码。在这研究,我们证明 Arabidopsis CCS 抄本层次被 Cu 调整,由 microRNA 调停了 398 那以前没被预言指向 CCS。microRNA 目标地点在 Oryza sativa 的 CCS 被保存。数据建议那调整 Cu 的 microRNAs 可以有更多的 mRNA 目标比以前被预言。CCS 空异种不在叶绿体和 cytosol 举办可测量的草皮活动,显示为 CCS 的一个绝对要求。当 CCS 空异种在高 Cu 媒介上是成年的时,它缺乏两 Fe superoxide dismutase (FeSOD ) 和 Cu/ZnSOD 活动。然而,这没导致视觉显型,没有光合的缺乏被检测,甚至在高轻的应力以后。这些结果显示 Cu/ZnSOD 不在处于实验室条件的生长期间是光合的抗氧化剂系统的一个枢轴的部件。 | Christopher M. Cohu Salah E. Abdel-Ghany Kathryn A. Gogolin Reynolds Alexander M. Onofrio Jared R. Bodecker Jeffrey A. Kimbrel Krishna K. Niyogi Marinus Pilon | 2009 | Molecular Plant2009，2，6： | 9 |
| 20 | Radiation exposure and reduction in the operating room: Perspectives and future directions in spine surgery显示文摘Intraoperative imaging is vital for accurate placement of instrumentation in spine surgery. However, the use of biplanar fluoroscopy and other intraoperative imaging modalities is associated with the risk of significant radiation exposure in the patient, surgeon, and surgical staff. Radiation exposure in the form of ionizing radiation can lead to cellular damage via the induction of DNA lesions and the production of reactive oxygen species. These effects often result in cell death or genomic instability, leading to various radiation-associated pathologies including an increased risk of malignancy. In attempts to reduce radiation-associated health risks, radiation safety has become an important topic in the medical field. All practitioners, regardless of practice setting, can practice radiation safety techniques including shielding and distance to reduce radiation exposure. Additionally, optimization of fluoroscopic settings and techniques can be used as an effective method of radiation dose reduction. New imaging modalities and spinal navigation systems have also been developed in an effort to replace conventional fluoroscopy and reduce radiation doses. These modalities include Isocentric Three-Dimensional C-Arms, O-Arms, and intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging. While this influx of new technology has advanced radiation safety within the field of spine surgery, more work is still required to overcome specific limitations involving increased costs and inadequate training. | Ankur S Narain Fady Y Hijji Kelly H Yom Krishna T Kudaravalli Brittany E Haws Kern Singh | 2017 | World Journal of Orthopedics2017，8，7： | 9 |
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