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| 1 | Peritoneal dialysis associated infections: An update on diagnosis and management显示文摘Peritoneal dialysis(PD) is associated with a high risk of infection of the peritoneum, subcutaneous tunnel and catheter exit site. Although quality standards demand an infection rate < 0.67 episodes/patient/year on dialysis, the reported overall rate of PD associated infection is 0.24-1.66 episodes/patient/year. It is estimated that for every 0.5-per-year increase in peritonitis rate, the risk of death increases by 4% and 18% of the episodes resulted in removal of the PD catheter and 3.5% resulted in death. Improved diagnosis, increased awareness of causative agents in addition to other measures will facilitate prompt management of PD associated infection and salvage of PD modality. The aims of this review are to determine the magnitude of the infection problem, identify possible risk factors and provide an update on the diagnosis and management of PD associated infection. Gram-positive cocci such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, other coagulase negative staphylococcoci, and Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) are the most frequent aetiological agents of PD-associated peritonitis worldwide. Empiric antibiotic therapy must cover both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. However, use of systemic vancomycin and ciprofloxacin administration for example, is a simple and efficient first-line protocol antibiotic therapy for PD peritonitis- success rate of 77%. However, for fungal PD peritonitis, it is now standard practice to remove PD catheters in addition to antifungal treatment for a minimum of 3 wk and subsequent transfer to hemodialysis. To prevent PD associated infections, prophylactic antibiotic administration before catheter placement, adequate patient training, exit-site care, and treatment for S. aureus nasal carriage should be employed. Mupirocin treatment can reduce the risk of exit site infection by 46% but it cannot decrease the risk of peritonitis due to all organisms. | Jacob A Akoh | 2012 | World Journal of Nephrology2012，1，4： | 13 |
| 2 | 国际胃袖状切除专家共识:基于>12000手术病例的最佳操作指南显示文摘腹腔镜胃袖状切除术(1aparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy,LSG)系相对较新的减重手术方式。因其操作相对简单、治疗肥胖合并疾病及减重效果明显,逐步得以广泛接受。目前美国代谢与减重手术协会将其推荐为肥胖症治疗的单独标准术式。2011年3月25~26日, | 苏远涛 徐安安 朱江帆 Diaz AA Arvidsson D Baker RS Basso N Bellanger D Boza C El Mourad H France M Gagner M Galvao-Neto M Higa KD Himpens J Hutchinson CM Jacobs M Jorgensen JO Jossart G Lakdawala M Nguyen NT Nocca D Prager G Pomp A Ramos AC Rosenthal RJ Shah S Vix M Wittgrove A Zundel N | 2013 | 中国微创外科杂志2013，13，9： | 12 |
| 3 | Kidney donation after cardiac death显示文摘There is continuing disparity between demand for and supply of kidneys for transplantation. This review describes the current state of kidney donation after cardiac death(DCD) and provides recommendations for a way forward. The conversion rate for potential DCD donors varies from 40%-80%. Compared to controlled DCD, uncontrolled DCD is more labour intensive, has a lower conversion rate and a higher discard rate. The super-rapid laparotomy technique involving direct aortic cannulation is preferred over in situ perfusion in controlled DCD donation and is associated with lower kidney discard rates, shorter warm ischaemia times and higher graft survival rates. DCD kidneys showed a 5.73-fold increase in the incidence of delayed graft function(DGF) and a higher primary non function rate compared to donation after brain death kidneys, but the long term graft function is equivalent between the two. The cold ischaemia time is a controllable factor that significantly influences the outcome of allografts, for example, limiting it to < 12 h markedly reduces DGF. DCD kidneys from donors < 50 function like standard criteria kidneys and should be viewed as such. As the majority of DCD kidneys are from controlled donation, incorporation of uncontrolled donation will expand the donor pool. Efforts to maximise the supply of kidneys from DCD include: implementing organ recovery from emergency department setting; improving familyconsent rate; utilising technological developments to optimise organs either prior to recovery from donors or during storage; improving organ allocation to ensure best utility; and improving viability testing to reduce primary non function. | Jacob A Akoh | 2012 | World Journal of Nephrology2012，1，3： | 10 |
| 4 | 血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂和血管紧张素受体拮抗剂的使用与2019冠状病毒疾病检测阳性之间的关系显示文摘血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor,ACEI)和血管紧张素受体拮抗剂(angiotensin receptor blocker,ARB)在2019新型冠状病毒疾病(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)全球大流行背景下的作用备受争议。此类药物是治疗一些慢性病的必须药物,有建议停止使用这些药物. | Mehta N KalraA Nowacki AS Anjewierden S Han Z Bhat p Rubio AEC Jacob M Procop GW Harrington S Milinovich A Svensson LG Jehi L Young JB Chung MK 周卫(译) 叶鹏(校) | 2020 | 中华高血压杂志2020，28，5： | 9 |
| 5 | Acute necrotizing pancreatitis as fi rst manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism显示文摘We report the case of a female patient with severe acute necrotizing pancreatitis associated with hypercalcemia as first manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism caused by a benign parathyroid adenoma.Initially the acute pancreatitis was treated conservatively.The patient subsequently underwent surgical resection of the parathyroid adenoma and surgical clearance of a large infected pancreatic pseudocyst.Although the association of parathyroid adenoma-induced hypercalcemia and acute pancreatitis is a known medical entity,it is very uncommon.The pathophysiology of hypercalcemia-induced acute pancreatitis is therefore not well known,although some mechanisms have been proposed.It is important to treat the provoking factor.Therefore,the cause of hypercalcemia should be identif ied early.Surgical resection of the parathyroid adenoma is the ultimate therapy. | Jeroen I Lenz Jimmy M Jacobs Bart Op de Beeck Ivan A Huyghe Paul A Pelckmans Tom G Moreels | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，23： | 9 |
| 6 | Depression risk in patients with coronary heart disease in Germany显示文摘AIM To determine the prevalence of depression and its risk factors among patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) treated in German primary care practices.METHODS Longitudinal data from nationwide general practices in Germany(n = 1072) were analyzed.Individuals initially diagnosed with CHD(2009-2013) were identified,and 59992 patients were included and matched(1:1) to 59992 controls.The primary outcome measure was an initial diagnosis of depression within five years after the index date among patients with and without CHD.Cox proportional hazards models were used to adjust for confounders.RESULTS Mean age was equal to 68.0 years(SD = 11.3).A total of 55.9% of patients were men.After a five-year follow-up,21.8% of the CHD group and 14.2% of the control group were diagnosed with depression(P < 0.001).In the multivariate regression model,CHD was a strong risk factor for developing depression(HR =1.54,95%CI:1.49-1.59,P < 0.001).Prior depressive episodes,dementia,and eight other chronic conditions were associated with a higher risk of developing depression.Interestingly,older patients and women were also more likely to be diagnosed with depression compared with younger patients and men,respectively.CONCLUSION The risk of depression is significantly increased among patients with CHD compared with patients without CHD treated in primary care practices in Germany.CHD patients should be routinely screened for depression to ensure improved treatment and management. | Marcel Konrad Louis Jacob Michael A Rapp Karel Kostev | 2016 | World Journal of Cardiology2016，8，9： | 8 |
| 7 | Current management of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease显示文摘Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease(ADPKD), the most frequent cause of genetic renal disease affecting approximately 4 to 7 million individuals worldwide and accounting for 7%-15% of patients on renal replacement therapy, is a systemic disorder mainly involving the kidney but cysts can also occurin other organs such as the liver, pancreas, arachnoid membrane and seminal vesicles. Though computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) were similar in evaluating 81% of cystic lesions of the kidney, MRI may depict septa, wall thickening or enhancement leading to upgrade in cyst classification that can affect management. A screening strategy for intracranial aneurysms would provide 1.0 additional year of life without neurological disability to a 20-yearold patient with ADPKD and reduce the financial impact on society of the disease. Current treatment strategies include reducing: cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels, cell proliferation and fluid secretion. Several randomised clinical trials(RCT) including mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors, somatostatin analogues and a vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist have been performed to study the effect of diverse drugs on growth of renal and hepatic cysts, and on deterioration of renal function. Prophylactic native nephrectomy is indicated in patients with a history of cyst infection or recurrent haemorrhage or to those in whom space must be made to implant the graft. The absence of large RCT on various aspects of the disease and its treatment leaves considerable uncertainty and ambiguity in many aspects of ADPKD patient care as it relates to end stage renal disease(ESRD). The outlook of patients with ADPKD is improving and is in fact much better than that for patients in ESRD due to other causes. This review highlights the need for well-structured RCTs as a first step towards trying newer interventions so as to develop updated clinical management guidelines. | Jacob A Akoh | 2015 | World Journal of Nephrology2015，4，4： | 7 |
| 8 | Plecanatide and dolcanatide, novel guanylate cyclase-C agonists, ameliorate gastrointestinal inflammation in experimental models of murine colitis显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the effect of orally administeredplecanatide or dolcanatide, analogs of uroguanylin, on amelioration of colitis in murine models.METHODS: The cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cG MP) stimulatory potency of plecanatide and dolcanatide was measured using a human colon carcinoma T84 cellbased assay. For animal studies all test agents were formulated in phosphate buffered saline. Sulfasalazine or 5-amino salicylic acid(5-ASA) served as positive controls. Effect of oral treatment with test agents on amelioration of acute colitis induced either by dextran sulfate sodium(DSS) in drinking water or by rectal instillation of trinitrobenzene sulfonic(TNBS) acid, was examined in BALB/c and/or BDF1 mice. Additionally, the effect of orally administered plecanatide on the spontaneous colitis in T-cell receptor alpha knockout(TCRα-/-) mice was also examined. Amelioration of colitis was assessed by monitoring severity of colitis, disease activity index and by histopathology. Frozen colon tissues were used to measure myeloperoxidase activity.RESULTS: Plecanatide and dolcanatide are structurally related analogs of uroguanylin, which is an endogenous ligand of guanylate cyclase-C(GC-C). As expected from the agonists of GC-C, both plecanatide and dolcanatide exhibited potent cG MP-stimulatory activity in T84 cells. Once-daily treatment by oral gavage with either of these analogs(0.05-0.5 mg/kg) ameliorated colitis in both DSS and TNBS-induced models of acute colitis, as assessed by body weight, reduction in colitis severity(P < 0.05) and disease activity index(P < 0.05). Amelioration of colitis by either of the drug candidates was comparable to that achieved by orally administered sulfasalazine or 5-ASA. Plecanatide also effectively ameliorated colitis in TCRα-/- mice, a model of spontaneous colitis. As dolcanatide exhibited higher resistance to proteolysis in simulated gastric and intestinal juices, it was selected for further studies. CONCLUSION: This is the first-ever study reporting the therapeutic utility of GC-C agonists as a new class of orally delivered and mucosally active drug candidates for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. | Kunwar Shailubhai Vaseem Palejwala Krishna Priya Arjunan Sayali Saykhedkar Bradley Nefsky John A Foss Stephen Comiskey Gary S Jacob Scott E Plevy | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2015，6，4： | 5 |
| 9 | Optimizing hepatitis C virus treatment through pharmacist interventions: Identification and management of drug-drug interactions显示文摘AIM To quantify drug-drug-interactions(DDIs) encountered in patients prescribed hepatitis C virus(HCV) treatment, the interventions made, and the time spent in this process.METHODS As standard of care, a clinical pharmacist screened for DDIs in patients prescribed direct acting antiviral(DAA) HCV treatment between November 2013 and July 2015 at the University of Colorado Hepatology Clinic. HCV regimens prescribed included ledipasvir/sofosbuvir(LDV/SOF), paritaprevir/ritonavir/ombitasvir/dasabuvir(OBV/PTV/r + DSV), simeprevir/sofosbuvir (SIM/SOF), and sofosbuvir/ribavirin (SOF/RBV). This retrospective analysis reviewed the work completed by the clinical pharmacist in order to measure the aims identified for the study. The number and type of DDIs identified were summarized with descriptive statistics.RESULTS Six hundred and sixty four patients(83.4% Caucasian, 57% male, average 56.7 years old) were identified; 369 for LDV/SOF, 48 for OBV/PTV/r + DSV, 114 for SIM/SOF, and 133 for SOF/RBV. Fifty-one point five per cent of patients were cirrhotic. Overall, 5217 medications were reviewed (7.86 medications per patient) and 781 interactions identified (1.18 interactions per patient). The number of interactions were fewest for SOF/RBV (0.17 interactions per patient) and highest for OBV/PTV/r + DSV (2.48 interactions per patient). LDV/SOF and SIM/SOF had similar number of interactions (1.28 and 1.48 interactions per patient, respectively). Gastric acid modifiers and vitamin/herbal supplements commonly caused interactions with LDV/SOF. Hypertensive agents, analgesics, and psychiatric medications frequently caused interactions with OBV/PTV/r + DSV and SIM/SOF. To manage these interactions, the pharmacists most often recommended discontinuing the medication (28.9%), increasing monitoring for toxicities (24.1%), or separating administration times (18.2%). The pharmacist chart review for each patient usually took approximately 30 min, with additional time for more complex patients. CONCLUSION DDIs are common with HCV medications and management can require medication adjustments and increased monitoring. An interdisciplinary team including a clinical pharmacist can optimize patient care. | Jacob A Langness Matthew Nguyen Amanda Wieland Gregory T Everson Jennifer J Kiser | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，9： | 5 |
| 10 | Systematic review of dynamization vs exchange nailing for delayed/non-union femoral fractures显示文摘AIM To analyze the literature on efficacy of dynamamization vs exchange nailing in treatment of delayed and nonunion femur fractures.METHODS Ultimately, 31 peer-reviewed articles with 644 exchanged nailing patients and 131 dynamization patients were identified and analyzed. The following key words were inputted in different combinations in order to search the field of publications in its entirety: 'nonunion', 'delayed union', 'ununited', 'femur fracture', 'femoral fracture', 'exchange nailing', 'dynaiz(s)ation', 'secondary nailing', 'dynamic', 'static', and 'nail revision'. The initial search yielded over 150 results, and was refined based on the inclusion criteria: Only studies reporting on humans, non-unions and delayed unions, and the usage of exchange nailing and/or dynamization as a secondary treatment after failed IM nailing. The resulting 66 articles were obtained through online journal access. The results were filtered further based on the exclusion criteria: No articles that failed to report overall union rates, differentiate between success rates of their reported techniques, or articles that analyzed less than 5 patients. RESULTS Exchange nailing lead to fracture union in 84.785% of patients compared to the 66.412% of dynamization with statistically comparable durations until union(5.193 ± 2.310 mo and 4.769 ± 1.986 mo respectively). Dynamically locking exchange nails resulted in an average union time of 5.208 ± 2.475 mo compared to 5.149 ± 2.366 mo(P = 0.8682) in statically locked exchange nails. The overall union rate of the two procedures, statically and dynamically locked exchange nailing yielded union rates of 84.259% and 82.381% respectively. Therefore, there was no significant difference between the different locking methods of exchange nailing for union rate or time to union at a significance value of P < 0.05. The analysis showed exchange nailing to be the more successful choice in the treatment of femoral non-unions in respect to its higher success rate(491/567 EN, 24/57 dynam, P < 0.0001). However, there was no significant difference between the success rates of the two procedures for delayed union fractures(25/27 EN, 45/55 dynam, P = 0.3299). Nevertheless, dynamization was more efficient in the treatment of delayed unions(at rates comparable to exchange nailing) than in the treatment of non-unions.CONCLUSION In conclusion, after examination of factors, dynamization is recommended treatment of delayed femur fractures, while exchange nailing is the treatment of choice for non-unions. | Jacob E Vaughn Ronit V Shah Tarek Samman Jacob Stirton Jiayong Liu Nabil A Ebraheim | 2018 | World Journal of Orthopedics2018，9，7： | 5 |
| 11 | Influence of lanthanum level and interactions with nitrogen source on early development of Juglans nigra显示文摘稀土元素元素在中国农业被用于 30 年改进生长和产量。众多的科学研究在生理学,矿物质营养,和生长显示出改进,尽管有害效果可以也发生。很少的研究在木质的种类上被执行了。我们指数地使肥沃一个年旧黑核桃(Juglans nigra L.) 有 0, 0.1, 1, 10,或 100 mg 镧(La ) 和 800 mg 氮(N) 的幼苗作为 NaNO3,(NH4 ) 2SO4, NH4NO3,或没有 N。一月追随者期末考试授精,生长,矿物质营养,光合作用,叶绿素,和硝酸盐 reductase 活动被估计。植物与 La 的高水平使肥沃减少了好根生长,镁的集中,钙,镍,和磷,光合作用层次,和叶绿素一个内容。叶的 La 集中显示出相互作用效果,与乘在在到给 10 mg La 为的那些的 100 mg La 喂的植物的更大的集中的三~四(NH4 ) 2SO4 和 NH4NO3 处理。在层次的 La 增加的建议不有益的效果在在 N 之间的这研究和相互作用使用了的结果采购原料, La 层次没在黑核桃幼苗的生长,矿物质营养,或生理学上有重要影响。 | Nicodemus Michael A Salifu K Francis Jacobs Douglass F | 2009 | Journal of Rare Earths2009，27，2： | 4 |
| 12 | Effect of ureteric stents on urological infection and graft function following renal transplantation显示文摘AIM: To compare urological infections in patients with or without stents following transplantation and to determine the effect of such infections on graft function.METHODS: All 285 recipients of kidney transplantation at our centre between 2006 and 2010 were included in the study. Detailed information including stent use and transplant function was collected prospectively and analysed retrospectively. The diagnosis of urinary tract infection was made on the basis of compatible symptoms supported by urinalysis and/or microbiological culture. Graft function, estimated glomerular filtration rate and creatinine at 6 mo and 12 mo, immediate graft function and infection rates were compared between those with a stent or without a stent.RESULTS: Overall, 196(183 during initial procedure, 13 at reoperation) patients were stented following transplantation. The overall urine leak rate was 4.3%(12/277) with no difference between those with or without stents- 7/183 vs 5/102, P = 0.746. Overall, 54%(99/183) of stented patients developed a urological infection compared to 38.1%(32/84) of those without stents(P = 0.0151). All 18 major urological infections occurred in those with stents. The use of stent(Wald χ2 = 5.505, P = 0.019) and diabetes mellitus(Wald χ2 = 5.197, P = 0.023) were found to have significant influence on urological infection rates on multivariate analysis. There were no deaths or graft losses due to infection. Stenting was associated with poorer transplant function at 12 mo.CONCLUSION: Stents increase the risks of urological infections and have a detrimental effect on early to medium term renal transplant function. | Jacob A Akoh Tahawar Rana | 2013 | World Journal of Transplantation2013，3，1： | 4 |
| 13 | Characterization of the Yeast Transcriptome显示文摘 | Victor E Velculescu Lin Zhang Wei Zhou Jacob Vogelstein Munira A Basrai Douglas E Bassett Phil Hieter Bert Vogelstein Kenneth W Kinzler | 1997 | Cell1997，，2： | 4 |
| 14 | 环境铅暴露与血压的关系:2003-2010美国健康和营养调查显示文摘在铅暴露逐渐降低的环境下,该文通过分析2003-2010美国健康和营养调查资料,旨在研究血铅与血压、高血压的关系。纳入研究对象12 725人,其中非洲裔21.1%,西语裔20.5%,白人58.4%,女性48.7%。与非非洲裔比较,非洲裔的血压[126.5/71.9比123.9/69.6mm Hg(1mm Hg=0. | Hara A Thijs L Asayama K Gu YM Jacobs L Zhang ZY Liu YP Nawrot TS Staessen JA 刘莉 叶鹏 | 2014 | 中华高血压杂志2014，22，10： | 3 |
| 15 | 苯与白血病显示文摘临床、流行病学及实验室研究已为接触苯与造血损害的关系提供了大量证据.尽管典型的临床效应被描述为可逆性血细胞减少、再生障碍性贫血或白血病,但是这些效应可能不是完全独立的临床病患;再生障碍性贫血(再障)或再生低下性贫血合并干细胞基因损伤可能导致白血病前期(白前)状态并出现骨髓增生异常的形态学变化.流行病学研究发现苯作业工人白血病和骨髓瘤的发病率增加。 | Jacobs A 孟庆祥 | 1990 | 国外医学(输血及血液学分册)1990，13，2： | 2 |
| 16 | Dairy consumption, obesity and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults显示文摘 | PEREIRA M A JACOBS D R VAN HORM L | 2002 | Journal of American Medicine Association2002，287，： | 2 |
| 17 | A Pooled Analysis of Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia Diagnoses After Colonoscopic Polypectomy显示文摘 | María Elena Martínez John A. Baron David A. Lieberman Arthur Schatzkin Elaine Lanza Sidney J. Winawer Ann G. Zauber Ruiyun Jiang Dennis J. Ahnen John H. Bond Timothy R. Church Douglas J. Robertson Stephanie A. Smith–Warner Elizabeth T. Jacobs David S. Alb | 2009 | Gastroenterology2009，，3： | 2 |
| 18 | 显示文摘 | Moulijn Jacob A | 2001 | Catalysis Today2001，69，： | 2 |
| 19 | Perforated appendicitis masquerading as acute pancreatitis in a morbidly obese patient显示文摘Diagnosis and treatment of common conditions in morbidly obese patients still pose a challenge to physicians and surgeons.Sometimes too much reliance is put on investigations that can lead to a misdiagnosis.This case demonstrates an obese woman admitted under the medical team with a presumed diagnosis of pneumonia, who was later found to have an acute abdomen and raised amylase,which led to an assumed diagnosis of pancreatitis.She died within 24 h of admission and post mortem confirmed the cause of death as systemic sepsis due to perforated appendicitis,with no evidence of pancreatitis.Significantly elevated serum amylase level may occur in non-pancreatitic acute abdomen. | Michael J Forster Jacob A Akoh | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，11： | 2 |
| 20 | 显示文摘 | Cybulski Andrzej Moulijn Jacob A | 1994 | Catalysis Review-Science Engineering1994，36，2： | 2 |
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