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| 1 | 消融的冰川:加拿大班夫国家公园亚高山带鲍湖中持久性有机氯的主要来源显示文摘有机氯杀虫剂和多氯联苯(PCB)是环境中普遍而稳固的化合物。现已查明,由于它们从温暖的地区逐渐蒸发出来,并在较冷的地区凝聚下来,因而它们富集在寒冷的环境中。在本研究中,我们的结果是,消融的冰川供给阿尔伯达亚高山带湖泊中的有机氯输入量为50%~97%,而提供的水量为73%。对氚的分析结果表明,在夏季的中、晚期,至少10%的冰川消融物是在1950~1970年期间沉积下来的,这期间它受到有机氯更多的污染。这一发现表明,气候变暖可能会使消融的冰川成为日益增多的淡水污染物来源。由于有机物贫乏的冰川粘土对多氯联苯这样的疏水化合物的吸附能力有限,因此冰川水流带来的有机氯大多呈溶解状态。 | Jules M. Blais David W. Schindler Derek C. G. Muir Martin Sharp David Donald MelissaLafrenière Eric Braekevelt William M. J. Strachan 周立志 | 2001 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2001，30，7： | 4 |
| 2 | Levels and trends of poly-and perfluoroalkyl substances in the Arctic environment-An update显示文摘Poly-and perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)are important environmental contaminants globally and in the early 2000s they were shown to be ubiquitous contaminants in Arctic wildlife.Previous reviews by Butt et al.and Letcher et al.have covered studies on levels and trends of PFASs in the Arctic that were available to 2009.The purpose of this review is to focus on more recent work,generally published between 2009 and 2018,with emphasis on PFASs of emerging concern such as perfluoroalkyl carboxylates(PFCAs)and short-chain perfluoroalkyl sulfonates(PFSAs)and their precursors.Atmospheric measurements over the period 2006e2014 have shown that fluorotelomer alcohols(FTOHs)as well as perfluorobutanoic acid(PFBA)and perfluoroctanoic acid(PFOA)are the most prominent PFASs in the arctic atmosphere,all with increasing concentrations at Alert although PFOA concentrations declined at the Zeppelin Station(Svalbard).Results from ice cores show generally increasing deposition of PFCAs on the Devon Ice cap in the Canadian arctic while declining fluxes were found in a glacier on Svalbard.An extensive dataset exists for long-term trends of long-chain PFCAs that have been reported in Arctic biota with some datasets including archived samples from the 1970s and 1980s.Trends in PFCAs over time vary among the same species across the North American Arctic,East and West Greenland,and Svalbard.Most long term time series show a decline from higher concentrations in the early 2000s.However there have been recent(post 2010)increasing trends of PFCAs in ringed seals in the Canadian Arctic,East Greenland polar bears and in arctic foxes in Svalbard.Annual biological sampling is helping to determine these relatively short term changes.Rising levels of some PFCAs have been explained by continued emissions of long-chain PFCAs and/or their precursors and inflows to the Arctic Ocean,especially from the North Atlantic.While the effectiveness of biological sampling for temporal trends in long-chain PFCAs and PFSAs has been demonstrated,this does not apply to the C4eC8ePFCAs,perfluorobutane sulfonamide(FBSA),or perfluorobutane sulfonate(PFBS)which are generally present at low concentrations in biota.In addition to air sampling,sampling abiotic media such as glacial cores,and annual sampling of lake waters and seawater would appear to be the best approaches for investigating trends in the less bioaccumulative PFASs. | Derek Muir Rossana Bossi Pernilla Carlsson Marlene Evans Amila De Silva Crispin Halsall Cassandra Rauert Dorte Herzke Hayley Hung Robert Letcher Frank Riget Anna Roos | 2019 | Emerging Contaminants2019，5，1： | 3 |
| 3 | Levels and trends of brominated flame retardants in the Arctic显示文摘 | Cynthia A. de Wit Mehran Alaee Derek C.G. Muir | 2005 | Chemosphere2005，，2： | 1 |
| 4 | Spatial and temporal patterns of mercury accumulation in lacustrine sediments across the Laurentian Great Lakes region显示文摘 | Paul E. Drevnick Daniel R. Engstrom Charles T. Driscoll Edward B. Swain Steven J. Balogh Neil C. Kamman David T. Long Derek G.C. Muir Matthew J. Parsons Kristofer R. Rolfhus Ronald Rossmann | 2011 | Environmental Pollution2011，，： | 1 |
| 5 | Water as a new matrix for global assessment of hydrophilic POPs显示文摘 | Derek Muir Rainer Lohmann | 2013 | Trends in Analytical Chemistry2013，46，： | 1 |
| 6 | Bioaccumulation of PCBs in Arctic seabirds: influence of dietary exposure and congener biotransformation显示文摘 | Katrine Borg? Hans Wolkers Janneche U. Skaare Haakon Hop Derek C.G. Muir Geir W. Gabrielsen | 2004 | Environmental Pollution2004，，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Distribution and transportability of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in the Asia-Pacific region using skipjack tuna as a bioindicator显示文摘 | Daisuke Ueno Mehran Alaee Chris Marvin Derek C.G. Muir Gordia Macinnis Eric Reiner Patrick Crozier Vasile I. Furdui Annamalai Subramanian Gilberto Fillmann Paul K.S. Lam Gene J. Zheng Muswerry Muchtar Hamidah Razak Maricar Prudente Kyu-hyuck Chung Shinsuk | 2006 | Environmental Pollution2006，，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and alternative flame retar- dants in air and precipitation samples from the northern Lake Victoria region, East Africa显示文摘 | Kenneth Arinaitwe Derek CG Muir Bernard T Kiremire | 2014 | Environmental Science & Technology2014，48，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Endosulfan, a global pesticide: A review of its fate in the environment and occurrence in the Arctic显示文摘 | Jan Weber Crispin J. Halsall Derek Muir Camilla Teixeira Jeff Small Keith Solomon Mark Hermanson Hayley Hung Terry Bidleman | 2009 | Science of the Total Environment2009，，15： | 1 |
| 10 | Identifying further chemicals of emerging arctic concern based on‘in silico’screening of chemical inventories显示文摘In the past 12 years several studies have screened lists of thousands of chemicals available in the industrial chemical inventories of the European Union,the USA and Canada with the goal of identifying and prioritizing chemicals which are persistent(P),bioaccumulative(B)and toxic(T).Most studies have selected chemicals based on whether their predicted P and B properties and their long-range transport potential exceed guideline thresholds for evaluation of persistent organic pollutants(POPs).A major goal of this study was to review this recent literature on computer-based or‘in silico’screening for POPs.A second goal was to review other approaches for finding previously unidentified chemicals of concern including targeted and non-target analytical approaches that might use lists of suspect chemicals developed from‘in silico’screening studies.Eight studies were reviewed along with several others which examined the screening process and its uncertainties.From these studies we assembled a list of 3421 chemicals,after removing duplicates and substances already on the Stockholm Convention on POPs.About 52%of these were halogenated,while 48%consisted of a broad range of non-halogenated organics.This list was then further analysed by calculating an overall“POPs score”for transport and accumulation in the Arctic for each substance using predicted partition coefficients,overall persistence,transfer efficiency,and bioaccumulation factor.A shorter list of twenty-five substances was developed based on their POPs score ranking.These substances had not been previously analysed in environmental media but were nevertheless on current or recent chemical inventories indicating significant commercial use. | Derek Muir Xianming Zhang Cynthia A.de Wit Katrin Vorkamp Simon Wilson | 2019 | Emerging Contaminants2019，5，1： | 0 |
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