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| 1 | Hepatitis E virus in patients with acute severe liver injury显示文摘AIM: To examine the incidence of hepatitis E(HepE) in individuals with acute liver injury severe enough to warrant treatment at a transplant unit.METHODS: Hepatitis E virus(HEV) is an emerging pathogen in developed countries causing severe illness, particularly in immunocompromised patients or those with underlying chronic liver disease. HepE infection isoften under diagnosed, as clinicians can be reluctant to test patients who have not travelled to regions traditionally considered hyperendemic for HepE. There are few data regarding the significance of HEV in patients with very severe acute liver injury in developed countries. Eighty patients with acute severe liver injury attending the Scottish Liver Transplant unit were tested for HEV and anti-HEV IgG and IgM. Severe acute liver injury was defined as a sudden deterioration in liver function confirmed by abnormal liver function tests and coagulopathy or presence of hepatic encephalopathy. Eighty percent of these patients were diagnosed with paracetomol overdose. No patients had a history of chronic or decompensated chronic liver disease at time of sampling. IgG positive samples were quantified against the World Health Organization anti-HEV IgG standard. Samples were screened for HEV viral RNA by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS: Four cases of hepatitis E were identified. Three of the four cases were only diagnosed on retrospective testing and were initially erroneously ascribed to drug-induced liver injury and decompensated chronic liver disease, with the cause of the decompensation uncertain. One case was caused by HEV genotype 1 in a traveller returning from Asia, the other three were autochthonous and diagnosed on retrospective testing. In two of these cases(where RNA was detected) HEV was found to be genotype 3, the most prevalent genotype in developed countries. Three patients survived, two of whom had been misdiagnosed as having drug induced liver injury. The fourth patient died from sepsis and liver failure precipitated as a result of hepatitis E infection and previously undiagnosed cirrhosis. Histopathology data to date is limited to mainly that seen for endemic HepE. All patients, with the exception of patient 1, demonstrated characteristics of HepE infection, as seen in previously described locally acquired cases.CONCLUSION: In patients with acute severe liver injury, HEV testing should be part of the initial diagnostic investigation algorithm irrespective of suspected initial diagnosis, age or travel history. | Claire Louise Crossan Kenneth J Simpson Darren G Craig Christopher Bellamy Janice Davidson Harry R Dalton Linda Scobie | 2014 | World Journal of Hepatology2014，6，6： | 4 |
| 2 | Susceptibility to mycobacterial infections: the importance of host genetics显示文摘 | Bellamy R | 2003 | Genes Immun2003，4，1： | 1 |
| 3 | Spatial-temporal variability of some metal concentrations in the soil of eastern England, and implications for soil monitoring 显示文摘 | Lark R M Bellamy H Rawlins B G | 2005 | Geodma2005，133，3： | 1 |
| 4 | Nickel-titanium shape memory alloy Memokath 051 ureteral stent for managing long-term ureteral obstruction:4-year experience显示文摘 | Kulkarni R Bellamy E | 2001 | J Urol2001，166，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Genetic susceptibility to tuberculosis显示文摘 | Bellamy R | 2005 | Clin Chest Med2005，26，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Staphylococcuslugdunensis infection sites: predominance of abscesses in the pelvic girdle region 显示文摘 | Bellamy R Barkham T | 2002 | Clin Infect Dis2002，35，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Expression of translationally controlled tumour protein is regulated by calcium at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level显示文摘 | Xu A Bellamy A R Taylor J A | 1999 | Biochem J1999，342，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Susceptibility to mycobactefial infections:the importance of host genetics显示文摘 | Bellamy R | 2003 | Genes Immun2003，4，1： | 1 |
| 9 | A purified population of multipotent cardiovascular progenitors derived from primate pluripotent stem cells engrafts in postmyocardial infarcted nonhuman primates显示文摘 | Blin Guillaume Nury David Stefanovic Sonia Neri Tui Guillevic Oriane Brinon Benjamin Bellamy Valérie Rücker-Martin Catherine Barbry Pascal Bel Alain Bruneval Patrick Cowan Chad Pouly Julia Mitalipov Shoukhrat Gouadon Elodie Binder Patrice | 2010 | Journal of Clinical Investigation2010，，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Expression of translationally controlled tumor protein is regulated by calcium at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level 显示文摘 | Xu A Bellamy R Taylor J A | 1999 | Biochem J1999，342，： | 1 |
| 11 | Susceptibility to mycobaeterial infections: the importance of host genetics显示文摘 | BELLAMY R | 2003 | Genes hnmun2003，4，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Variations in the NRAMP1 gene and susceptibility to tuberculosis in West Africans显示文摘 | Bellamy R Ruwende C Corrah T | 1998 | N Engl J Med1998，338，10： | 1 |
| 13 | Resuscitation from severe hemorrhage显示文摘 | Shoemaker T Peitzman AB Bellamy R | 1996 | Crit Care Med1996，24，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Variations in the NRAMP1 gene and susceptibility to tuberculosis in West Africans显示文摘 | Bellamy R Ruwende C CorraJa T | 1998 | N Engl J Med1998，338，10： | 1 |
| 15 | Genetic susceptibility to tuberculosisi in Africans:a genome-wide scan显示文摘 | Bellamy R Beyers N McAdam K P | 2000 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA2000，97，： | 1 |
| 16 | Some effects of high velocity electrons on wood显示文摘 | Lawton E J Bellamy W D Hungate R E | | 0，，2936： | 1 |
| 17 | Susceptibility to mycobacterial infections: the importance of host genetics显示文摘 | Bellamy R | 2003 | Genes Immun2003，4，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Variation in the human NRAMP1 gene and human tuberculosis in an African populationl显示文摘 | BELLAMY R RUWENDE C CORRAH T | 1998 | N Engl J Med1998，338，7： | 1 |
| 19 | Variations in the NRAMP1 gene and susceptibility to tuberculosis in West Africans显示文摘 | Bellamy R Ruwende C Corrah T | 1998 | N Engl J Med1998，338，： | 1 |
| 20 | Pneumocystis pneumoma inpeople with HIV 显示文摘 | Bellamy R | 2005 | Clin Evid2005，，13： | 1 |
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