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| 1 | Folic acid supplementation inhibits recurrence of colorectal adenomas:A randomized chemoprevention trial显示文摘AIM: To determine whether folic acid supplementation will reduce the recurrence of colorectal adenomas, the precursors of colorectal cancer, we performed a double-blind placebo-controlled trial in patients with adenomatous polyps. METHODS: In the current double-blind, placebo-controlled trial at this VA Medical Center, patients with colorectal adenomas were randomly assigned to receive either a daily 5 mg dose of folic acid or a matched identical placebo for 3 years. All polyps were removed at baseline colonoscopy and each patient had a follow up colonoscopy at 3 years. The primary endpoint was a reduction in the number of recurrent adenomas at 3 years. RESULTS: Of 137 subjects, who were eligible after confirmation of polyp histology and run-in period to conform compliance, 94 completed the study; 49 in folic acid group and 45 in placebo group. Recurrence of adenomas at 3-year was compared between the two groups. The mean number of recurrent polyps at 3-year was 0.36 (SD, 0.69) for folic acid treated patients compared to 0.82 (SD, 1.17) for placebo treated subjects, resulting in a 3-fold increase in polyp recurrence in the placebo group. Patients below 70 years of age and those with left-sided colonicadenomas or advanced adenomas responded better to folic acid supplementation. CONCLUSION: High dose folic acid supplementation is associated with a signif icant reduction in the recurrence of colonic adenomas suggesting that folic acid may be an effective chemopreventive agent for colorectal neoplasia. | Richard Jaszewski Sabeena Misra Martin Tobi Nadeem Ullah Jo Ann Naumoff Omer Kucuk Edi Levi Bradley N Axelrod Bhaumik B Patel Adhip PN Majumdar | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，28： | 10 |
| 2 | Global trends in diabetes-related mortality with regard to lifestyle modifications,risk factors,and affordable management:A preliminary analysis显示文摘Background:According to the World Health Organization (WHO),a global reduction of 17% has been achieved in the major noncommunicable disease-associated mortality rate since 2000.This decline was due to the decreasing mortality associated with cardiovascular and chronic respiratory diseases. The WHO has not made any comments on diabetes-related mortality thus far.The objective of this study was to demonstrate trends in diabetes-related mortality associated with country-wide interventions.Methods:The WHO statistics were used to assess trends in diabetes-related mortality from 2000 to 2016.Different types of community-based interventions in 49 countries were compared and assessed.Results:The baseline mortality decreased by 7%.Mortality in middle-income countries was higher than that in high-income countries. The prevalence of obesity showed a gradual increase in all countries. After implementation of the WHO 'best buy' in 2010, mortality increased in 17 countries and decreased in 32 countries. Regarding the smoking prevalence trend, 87% countries with decreasing diabetes-related mortality had a gradual decline in tobacco usage since 2000.The decline was observed only in 43% countries with increasing diabetes-related mortality. The prevalence of hypertension increased in 19% countries with declining diabetes-related mortality and in 35% countries with increasing diabetes-related mortality. Physical activity measures tended to be better implemented in countries with declining diabetes-related mortality than in countries with increasing diabetes-related mortality.Conclusion:Smoking cessation and better blood pressure control are associated with declining diabetes-related mortality. Longer implementation periods are needed for other lifestyle interventions. | Nikolai Khaltaev Svetlana Axelrod | 2021 | Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine2021，7，3： | 4 |
| 3 | Census of Kuiper Comets-the TAOS Project显示文摘Cometary nuclei, the remnant icy bodies of planet formation, located at the outer edge of the solar system, are relatively poorly studied because of their small sizes and thus faintness. Thus far more than a hundred large members (size about 100 km) of this cometary population in the Kuiper belt have been identified. Smaller bodies (10 km) are much too faint to image directly and their number so far can only be extrapolated on theoretical grounds. The Taiwan-America Occultation Survey (TAOS) will conduct a census of the number of Kuiper belt objects down to a few km size by monitoring chance stellar occultations by these cometary nuclei. We will set up an array of small (50cm), wide-field (f/1 9) telescopes, each equipped with a 2K squared CCD camera, along a 7 km baseline in central Taiwan at an elevation above ~ 3000 m. The robot telescopes will operate in a coincidence mode, so the sequence and timing of any candidate occultation event can be recorded and distinguished against a false detection. The Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the National Central University, and the Academia Sinica, will each contribute one telescope system. Researchers from an international variety of institutes are also participating in the project. Our experiment provides the only means to study the cometary population in the small-sized end of the distrbution. A great number of scientific byproducts, notably variable stars, will also derive from the huge TAOS database, some 10, 000 giga-bytes worth of photometrical measuremements per year. | Wen Ping ChenOther TAOS team members: C. Alcock, K. Cook, S. Marshall, M. Hammergren(LLNL) T. Lee, C. Yuan, C. Y. Wen, S. K. King(ASIAA) W. S. Tsay, W. Ip, C. Lemme, J. H. Wang(NCU) T. Axelrod(ANU) I. de Pater(UCB) J.Lissauer(Ames) Y. I. Byun(Yonsei | 1999 | 天文研究与技术1999，，S1： | 3 |
| 4 | Global lung cancer mortality trends and lifestyle modifications:preliminary analysis显示文摘Background:According to the Independent High-level Commission on Non-communicable Diseases(NCD)of the World Health Organization(WHO),global reduction in lung cancer mortality has been achieved since the year 2000,although this effect is not sufficient to reach the 30%reduction of mortality from NCDs by the year 2030,as stipulated by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3.4.The objective of this study was to analyze whether the lifestyle changes implemented by the WHO at country level could have an impact on mortality from this form of cancer.Methods:WHO statistics,based on the unified mortality and causes-of-death reports of Member-State countries,were used to evaluate global lung cancer mortality trends and make comparisons and assessments of different types of community-based,country-wide interventions.Results:The lung cancer mortality decline was associated with the anti-tobacco campaign initiated by the WHO in the last 15 to 20 years.Comprehensive tobacco control remained the major and most successful lifestyle modification measure.In countries with declining lung cancer mortality,91%of countries had decreasing tobacco prevalence in males and 82%in females.Country-wide measures to increase physical activity had a strong tendency to be better implemented in countries with declining lung cancer mortality(t=1.79,P>0.05).Other WHO'best-buy'lifestyle modification campaigns(diet and alcohol)had been carried out for shorter periods,and their associations with lung cancer were less strong than tobacco.There was no significant difference between countries with declining and increasing lung cancer mortality in the measures for reduction of harmful alcohol use(t=0.92,P>0.05)and unhealthy diet reduction measures(t=0.84,P>0.05).Conclusion:Following WHO'best-buys'should facilitate to move countries towards the NCD including lung cancer mortality reduction targets.Governments and communities must embrace these targets with coordinated effective action for better health. | Nikolai Khaltaev Svetlana Axelrod | 2020 | Chinese Medical Journal2020，，13： | 3 |
| 5 | Consensus statement on the definition of orthostatic hypotension, neurally mediated syncope and the postural tachycardia syndrome显示文摘 | Roy Freeman Wouter Wieling Felicia B. Axelrod David G. Benditt Eduardo Benarroch Italo Biaggioni William P. Cheshire Thomas Chelimsky Pietro Cortelli Christopher H. Gibbons David S. Goldstein Roger Hainsworth Max J. Hilz Giris Jacob Horacio Kaufmann Jens | 2011 | Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical2011，，1： | 2 |
| 6 | Lipoxygenase from soybeana显示文摘 | Axelrod B Cheesbrough T M Leakso S | 1981 | Meibods in Enzymology1981，7，： | 2 |
| 7 | Evaluation and Management of Adult Hypoglycemic Disorders: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline显示文摘 | Philip E. Cryer Lloyd Axelrod Ashley B. Grossman Simon R. Heller Victor M. Montori Elizabeth R. Seaquist F John Service | 2009 | The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism2009，，3： | 2 |
| 8 | Advancing the Art of Simulation in the Social Sciences 显示文摘 | Robert Axelrod | 1997 | Complexity (S1076-2787)1997，3，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Outbreak of necrotizing enterocolitis caused by norovirus in a neonatal intensive care unit显示文摘 | Turcios-Ruiz RM Axelrod P St John K etal | 2008 | J Pediatr2008，153，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Coalition forma- tion in standard - setting alliances显示文摘 | Axelrod R Mitchell W Thomas R E | 1995 | Management science1995，41，9： | 1 |
| 11 | Rescue of a human mRNA splicing defect by the plant cytokinin kinetin显示文摘 | Slaugenhaupt S A Mull J Leyne M Cuajungco M P Gill S P Hims M M Quintero F Axelrod | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 12 | Hemodynamic manipulation in the neurointensive care unit: cerebral perfusion pressure therapy in head injury and hemodynamic augmentation for cerebral vasospasm显示文摘 | Diringer MN Axelrod Y | 2007 | Curr Opin Crit Care2007，13，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Small-focus integral fiber lenses:modeling with the segmented beam-propagation method and nearfield characterization显示文摘 | Axelrod N Lewis A Yosef N B | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 14 | Consensus statement on the definition of orthostatic hypotension, neurally mediated syncope and the postural tachycardia syndrome 显示文摘 | Freeman R Wieling W Axelrod FB | 2011 | Clin Auton Res2011，21，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Perception of Ecological Risk Towards Environment 显示文摘 | MCDANIELS T L AXELROD L J CAVAMAGH N S | 1997 | Risk Analysis1997，17，3： | 1 |
| 16 | The evolution of cooperation显示文摘 | Axelrod R Hamilton W | 1981 | Science1981，211，： | 1 |
| 17 | Rethinking breast cancer risk and the environment:the case for the precau- tionary principle显示文摘 | Davis DL Axelrod D Bailey L | 1998 | Environ Health Perspect1998，106，9： | 1 |
| 18 | The role of cytokines in liver failure and regeneration:potential new molecular therapies显示文摘 | GALUN E AXELROD JH | 2002 | Biochim Biophys Acta2002，1592，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Enzymatic methytation of phosphatidylethanolamine increases erythrocyte membrane fluidity 显示文摘 | Hirata F Axelrod J | 1978 | Nature1978，275，： | 1 |
| 20 | The epidemiology of ocular and nasal allergy in the United States,1988-1994显示文摘 | Singh Kavita Axelrod Sara Bielory Leonard | 2010 | J Allergy Clin Immunol2010，126，4： | 1 |
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