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| 1 | Trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (ToGA): a phase 3, open-label, randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | Yung-Jue Bang Eric Van Cutsem Andrea Feyereislova Hyun C Chung Lin Shen Akira Sawaki Florian Lordick Atsushi Ohtsu Yasushi Omuro Taroh Satoh Giuseppe Aprile Evgeny Kulikov Julie Hill Michaela Lehle Josef Rüschoff Yoon-Koo Kang | 2010 | The Lancet2010，，9742： | 20 |
| 2 | CATHODIC PROCESS AND WEAR RESISTANCE OF ELECTRO-DEPOSITED RE-Ni-W-P-SiC COMPOSITE COATING显示文摘Cathodic deposition current density of the composite coatings increases when SiC par-ticles and rare earth (RE) were added in the bath, which is profitable for Ni- W-P alloyto deposit in the cathod, forming Ni-W-P-SiC and RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coat-ings. On the contrary, the addition of PTFE in the bath decreases cathodic depositioncurrent density of the coatings. The current density increases a little when the amountof RE is 7-9g/l; however, the current density increases greatly when the amount ofRE is increased to 11-13g/l. But if the amount of RE is raised further, the currentdensity decreases. Hardness and wear resistance of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coat-ing have been studied, and the results show that the hardness and wear resistance ofRE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coating increase with increasing heat treatment tempera-ture, which reach peak values at 400℃; while the hardness and wear resistance of thecoating decrease with the rise of heat treated temperature continuously. | Z.C.Guo,X.Y.Zhu,R.D.Xu and X.W.YangFaculty of Material and Metallurgy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming650093, ChinaManuscript received 26 December 2001 in revised form 23 April 2002 | 2002 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2002，15，4： | 16 |
| 3 | Effect of Combined Heavy Metal Pollution on Nitrogen Mineralization Potential,Urease and Phosphatase Activities in a Typic Udic Ferrisol显示文摘INTRODUCTIONAnthropogenicactivitiessuchasmining,smelting,electroplating,ore-refiningandlanddisposalofwasteshaveledtoanincreajseofheavymetalcolltelltsinthesoil(Chen,1996).Heavymetalaccumulationinthesoilimpactsanumberofsoilpropertiesthatmightbethepoten... | ZHENG CHUNRONG TU CONG and CHEN HUAIMAN(Laboratory of Material Cycling in Pedosphere, Institute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008 (China))(Received April 20, 1999 revised June 2, 1999) | 1999 | Pedosphere1999，9，3： | 13 |
| 4 | The 3-D non-axisymmetrical Lamb's problem in transversely isotropic saturated poroelastic media显示文摘Based on Biots theory on fluid-saturated porous media, the displacement functions are adopted to convert the 3-D Biots wave equations in the cylindrical coordinate for transversely isotropic saturated poroelastic media into two棗one 6-order and one 2-order棗uncoupling differential governing equations. Then, the differential equations are solved by the Fourier expanding and Hankel integral transform method. Integral solutions of soil skeleton displacements and pore pressure as well as the total stresses for poroelastic media are obtained. Furthermore, the systematic study on Lambs problems for the transversely isotropic saturated poroelastic media is performed. Integral solutions for surface radial, vertical and circumferential displacements are obtained in both cases of drained surface and undrained surface under the vertical and horizontal harmonic excitation force. In the end of this paper, the numerical examples are presented. The calculation results indicate that the difference between the model of isotropic saturated poroelastic media and that of transversely isotropic saturated poroelastic media is obvious. | HUANG Yi1 & WANG Xiaogang1,2 1. School of Civil Engineering, Xian University of Architecture & Technology, Xian 710055, China 2. Department of Civil Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China Correspondence should be addressed to Huang Yi (email: huangyih@pub.xaonline.com) Received April 15, 2004 revised July 12, 2004 | 2004 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2004，47，5： | 10 |
| 5 | 腺病毒E1B55ku癌蛋白打破hDaxx与PML在细胞核的共定位显示文摘利用间接免疫荧光试验 ,通过Confocal激光扫描生物荧光显微镜和图像软件分析腺病毒 (adenovirus,Ad)E1B 5 5ku癌蛋白 (AdE1B 5 5ku)与人Daxx(humanDaxx ,hDaxx)在细胞核的定位关系 ,研究它对早幼粒细胞性白血病蛋白 (promyelocyticleukemiaprotein ,PML)与hDaxx在细胞核定位关系的影响。实验结果表明 ,AdE1B 5 5ku与hDaxx共定位细胞核 ,并打破hDaxx与PML共定位于细胞核PML致癌结构域 (PMLoncogenicdomains,PODs) | 万艳平 谭立志 刘传爱 吴移谋 Colosimo April 廖代清 | 2001 | 微生物学杂志2001，21，4： | 8 |
| 6 | Effect of Cr(Ⅵ) and p-Chloroaniline Interaction on Their Reaction Behaviors on Soil Colloids显示文摘INTRODUCTIONStudiesonheavymetalororganicpollutantsinsoilhaverecedelymadegreatprogressboththeoreticallyandpractically.However,pollutionisusuallydevelopedbynotasinglebutamulti-substratecomplex.Furtherunderstandingthemechanismsandprocedureofmulti-substr... | ZHOU DONGMEI and CHEN HUAIMAN(Laboratory of Material Cycling in Pedosphere, Institute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 21O008 (China))(Received April 14, 1999 revised June 8, 1999) | 1999 | Pedosphere1999，9，3： | 8 |
| 7 | Nucleic acid-based diagnostics for infectious diseases in public health affairs显示文摘Infectious diseases,mostly caused by bacteria and viruses but also a result of fungal and parasitic infection,have been one of the most important public health concerns throughout human history.The first step in combating these pathogens is to get a timely and accurate diagnosis at an affordable cost.Many kinds of diagnostics have been developed,such as pathogen culture,biochemical tests and serological tests,to help detect and fight against the causative agents of diseases.However,these diagnostic tests are generally unsatisfactory because they are not particularly sensitive and specific and are unable to deliver speedy results.Nucleic acid-based diagnostics,detecting pathogens through the identification of their genomic sequences,have shown promise to overcome the above limitations and become more widely adopted in clinical tests.Here we review some of the most popular nucleic acid-based diagnostics and focus on their adaptability and applicability to routine clinical usage.We also compare and contrast the characteristics of different types of nucleic acid-based diagnostics. | Albert Cheung-Hoi Yu Greg Vatcher Xin Yue Yan Dong Mao Hua Li Patrick H.K.Tam Parker Y.L.Tsang April K.Y.Wong Michael H.K.Hui Bin Yang Hao Tang Lok-Ting Lau | 2012 | Frontiers of Medicine2012，6，2： | 8 |
| 8 | Treatment-related gastrointestinal toxicities and advanced colorectal or pancreatic cancer:A critical update显示文摘Gastrointestinal toxicities(GIT), including oral mucositis,nausea and vomiting, and diarrhea, are common side effects of chemotherapy and targeted agents in patients with advanced colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer. Being often underreported, it is still difficult to precisely establish their burden in terms of both patient's quality of life and cancer care costs. Moreover, with the use of more intensive upfront combination regimens, the frequency of these toxicities is rapidly growing with a potential negative effect also on patient's outcome, as a result of dose reductions, delays or even discontinuation of active treatments. Thus, identifying patients at higher risk of developing GIT as well as an optimal management are paramount in order to improve patient's compliance and outcome. After the description of the main treatment-induced GIT, we discuss the current knowledge on the pathophysiology of these side effects and comment the scales commonly used to assess and grade them. We then provide a critical update on GIT incidence based on the results of key randomized trials conducted in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer and advanced pancreatic cancer. | Giuseppe Aprile Karim Rihawi Elisa De Carlo Stephen T Sonis | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，41： | 7 |
| 9 | Inactivation, reactivation and regrowth of indigenous bacteria in reclaimed water after chlorine disinfection of a municipal wastewater treatment plant显示文摘Disinfection of reclaimed water prior to reuse is important to prevent the transmission of pathogens. Chlorine is a widely utilized disinfectant and as such is a leading contender for disinfection of reclaimed water. To understand the risks of chlorination resulting from the potential selection of pathogenic bacteria, the inactivation, reactivation and regrowth rates of indigenous bacteria were investigated in reclaimed water after chlorine disinfection. Inactivation of total coliforms, Enterococcus and Salmonella showed linear correlations, with constants of 0.1384, 0.1624 and 0.057 L/(mg·min) and R 2 of 0.7617, 0.8316 and 0.845, respectively. However, inactivation of total viable cells by measurement of metabolic activity typically showed a linear correlation at lower chlorine dose (0-22 (mg·min)/L), and a trailing region with chlorine dose increasing from 22 to 69 (mg·min)/L. Reactivation and regrowth of bacteria were most likely to occur after exposure to lower chlorine doses, and extents of reactivation decreased gradually with increasing chlorine dose. In contrast to total coliforms and Enterococcus, Salmonella had a high level of regrowth and reactivation, and still had 2% regrowth even after chlorination of 69 (mg·min)/L and 24 hr storage. The bacterial compositions were also significantly altered by chlorination and storage of reclaimed water, and the ratio of Salmonella was significantly increased from 0.001% to 0.045% after chlorination of 69 (mg·min)/L and 24 hr storage. These trends indicated that chlorination contributes to the selection of chlorine-resistant pathogenic bacteria, and regrowth of pathogenic bacteria after chlorination in reclaimed water with a long retention time could threaten public health security during wastewater reuse. | Dan Li Siyu Zeng April Z. Gu Miao He Hanchang Shi | 2013 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2013，25，7： | 7 |
| 10 | Current advances in using neurotrophic factors to treat neurodegenerative disorders显示文摘Neurotrophic factors are best known for their roles in both development and continued maintenance of the nervous system.Their strong potential to elicit pro-survival and pro-functional responses in neurons of the peripheral and central nervous system make them good drug candidates for treatment of a multitude of neurodegenerative disorders.However,significant obstacles remain and need to be overcome before translating the potential of neurotrophins into the therapeutic arena.This article addresses current efforts and advances in resolving these challenges and provides an overview of roadmaps for future translational research and neurotrophin-based drug developments. | April M Weissmiller Chengbiao Wu | 2012 | Translational Neurodegeneration2012，1，1： | 7 |
| 11 | 关于在全国开展车辆超限超载治理工作的实施方案显示文摘按照中共中央<关于完善社会主义市场经济体制若干问题的决定>和党的十六届三中全会提出的树立全面、协调、可持续发展观的要求,根据<中华人民共和国公路法>和<中华人民共和国道路交通安全法>的规定,为维护社会主义市场经济秩序,解决货运机动车辆超限超载运输问题,减少道路交通安全事故的发生,保护人民群众生命和国家、集体、个人财产安全,经国务院同意,决定在全国开展货运机动车辆(以下简称车辆)超限超载治理工作.现提出如下实施方案. | (Issued by the Ministry of Communications, the Ministry of Police, Develop and Reform Committee, Quality Survey General Bureau, Safety Survey Administration Bureau, Industrial and Commercial Bureau,Legal System Office, on April 30, 2004.) | 2004 | 交通标准化2004，，9： | 6 |
| 12 | Trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (ToGA): a phase 3, open-label, randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | Yung-Jue Bang Eric Van Cutsem Andrea Feyereislova Hyun C Chung Lin Shen Akira Sawaki Florian Lordick Atsushi Ohtsu Yasushi Omuro Taroh Satoh Giuseppe Aprile Evgeny Kulikov Julie Hill Michaela Lehle Josef Rüschoff Yoon-Koo Kang | 2010 | The Lancet . 2010 (9742)2010，，9742： | 6 |
| 13 | The RppC-AvrRppC NLR-effector interaction mediates the resistance to southern corn rust in maize显示文摘Southern corn rust(SCR),caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia polysora,is a major threat to maize pro-duction worldwide.Efficient breeding and deployment of resistant hybrids are key to achieving durable control of SCR.Here,we report the molecular cloning and characterization of RppC,which encodes an NLR-type immune receptor and is responsible for a major SCR resistance quantitative trait locus.Further-more,we identified the corresponding avirulence effector,AvrRppC,which is secreted by P.polysora and triggers RppC-mediated resistance.Allelic variation of AvrRppC directly determines the effectiveness of RppC-mediated resistance,indicating that monitoring of AvrRppC variants in the field can guide the rational deployment of RppC-containing hybrids in maize production.Currently,RppC is the most frequently deployed SCR resistance gene in China,and a better understanding of its mode of action is crit-ical for extending its durability. | Ce Deng April Leonard James Cahill Meng Lv Yurong Li Shawn Thatcher Xueying Li Xiaodi Zhao Wenjie Du Zheng Li Huimin Li Victor Llaca Kevin Fengler Lisa Marshall Charlotte Harris Girma Tabor Zhimin Li Zhiqiang Tian Qinghua Yang Yanhui Chen Jihua Tang Xintao Wang Junjie Hao Jianbing Yan Zhibing Lai Xiaohong Fei Weibin Song Jinsheng Lai Xuecai Zhang Guoping Shu Yibo Wang Yuxiao Chang Weiling Zhu Wei Xiong Juan Sun Bailin Li Junqiang Ding | 2022 | Molecular Plant2022，15，5： | 6 |
| 14 | BASIC FLOW PATTERNS AND OPTIMUM HYDRAULIC DESIGN OF A SUCTION BOX OF PUMPING STATION显示文摘A numerical method based on 3 D turbulence flow was applied to simulate the flow pattern in suction boxes of six different types. In light of the computational results, the basic flow patterns in the boxes were revealed and a theoretical method to optimize hydraulically design of the suction box is developed. The box geometrical parameters, which influence the flow pattern in the box, could be optimized. The optimum criteria for the hydraulic design of the suction boxes of six types established, respectively. Furthermore, a summarization is given here based on the classification of the basic flow patterns in order to systematically understand the hydraulic design of suction boxes. | Lu Lin guang Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P.R.China (Received April 14, 2000) | 2000 | Journal of Hydrodynamics2000，12，4： | 6 |
| 15 | Audit committee, board of director characteristics, and earnings management显示文摘 | April Klein | 2002 | Journal of Accounting and Economics2002，，3： | 5 |
| 16 | Molecular classifications of gastric cancers: Novel insights and possible future applications显示文摘Despite some notable advances in the systemic management of gastric cancer(GC), the prognosis of patients with advanced disease remains overall poor and their chance of cure is anecdotic. In a molecularly selected population, a median overall survival of 13.8 mo has been reached with the use of human epidermal growth factor 2(HER2) inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy, which has soon after become the standard of care for patients with HER2-overexpressing GC. Moreover, oncologists have recognized the clinical utility of conceiving cancers as a collection of different molecularlydriven entities rather than a single disease. Several molecular drivers have been identified as having crucial roles in other tumors and new molecular classifications have been recently proposed for gastric cancer as well. Not only these classifications allow the identification of different tumor subtypes with unique features, but also they serve as springboard for the development of different therapeutic strategies. Hopefully, the application of standard systemic chemotherapy, specifictargeted agents, immunotherapy or even surgery in specific cancer subgroups will help maximizing treatment outcomes and will avoid treating patients with minimal chance to respond, therefore diluting the average benefit. In this review, we aim at elucidating the aspects of GC molecular subtypes, and the possible future applications of such molecular analyses. | Silvio Ken Garattini Debora Basile Monica Cattaneo Valentina Fanotto Elena Ongaro Marta Bonotto Francesca V Negri Rosa Berenato Paola Ermacora Giovanni Gerardo Cardellino Mariella Giovannoni Nicoletta Pella Mario Scartozzi Lorenzo Antonuzzo Nicola Silvestris Gianpiero Fasola Giuseppe Aprile | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2017，9，5： | 5 |
| 17 | Efficient training of ANN potentials by including atomic forces via Taylor expansion and application to water and a transition-metal oxide显示文摘Artificial neural network(ANN)potentials enable the efficient large-scale atomistic modeling of complex materials with near firstprinciples accuracy.For molecular dynamics simulations,accurate energies and interatomic forces are a prerequisite,but training ANN potentials simultaneously on energies and forces from electronic structure calculations is computationally demanding.Here,we introduce an efficient alternative method for the training of ANN potentials on energy and force information,based on an extrapolation of the total energy via a Taylor expansion.By translating the force information to approximate energies,the quadratic scaling with the number of atoms exhibited by conventional force-training methods can be avoided,which enables the training on reference datasets containing complex atomic structures. | April M.Cooper Johannes Kästner Alexander Urban Nongnuch Artrith | 2020 | npj Computational Materials2020，，1： | 3 |
| 18 | 儿童扩张型心肌病的发病率、病因及预后显示文摘背景:扩张型心肌病(dilated cardiomyopathy,DCM)是儿童心肌病最常见的类型,也是小儿心脏移植最常见的原因。但是,目前尚不清楚儿童DCM的流行病学特点和临床过程。
目的:详细描述儿童DCM的发病率、病因、预后及相关危险因素。
设计及地点:本项以人群为基础的前瞻性纵向队列研究入选1996年1月至2003年2月在89个儿科心脏中心诊断为DCM的儿童以及1990年1月至1995年12月在北美大型三级治疗中心诊断的患儿。
参试者:共入选1426例来自美国和加拿大的18岁以下DCM患儿。通过严格的超声心动图和/或病理学标准来诊断原发性DCM。因内分泌、免疫、药物中毒及其他原因患病者除外。
主要观测指标:每年每10万儿童的发病率、死亡率和心脏移植率。
结果:18岁以下儿童DCM每年的总发病率为0.57/10万,男孩的年发病率高于女孩(分别为0.66/10万和0.47/10万;P〈0.001),黑人的年发病率高于白人(分别为0.98/10万和0.46/10万;P〈0.001),婴儿(〈1岁)的年发病率高于儿童(分别为4.40/10万和0.34/10万;P〈0.001)。绝大部分属特发性,最常见的病因为心肌炎(46%)和神经肌肉性疾病(26%)。1年和5年死亡/移植率分别为31%和46%。死亡/移植的独立危险因素包括患儿诊断DCM时年龄较大、伴有充血性心力衰竭、左室收缩期Z评分较低以及DCM的病因(P均〈0.001)。
结论:儿童DCM有其多样性。患儿预后主要取决于病因、年龄和心力衰竭状况。人种、性别和年龄对发病率有一定影响。大部分患儿无明确病因,限制了特异性治疗。 | Jeffrey A. Towbin April M. Lowe Steven D. Colan Lynn A. Sleeper E. John Orav Sarah Clunie Jane Messere Gerald F. Cox Paul R. Lurie Daphne Hsu Charles Canter James D. Wilkinson Steven E. Lipshultz 康俊萍(译) 马长生(校) | 2007 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)2007，26，4： | 3 |
| 19 | Combining Clinical, Pathology, and Gene Expression Data to Predict Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma显示文摘 | Augusto Villanueva Yujin Hoshida Carlo Battiston Victoria Tovar Daniela Sia Clara Alsinet Helena Cornella Arthur Liberzon Masahiro Kobayashi Hiromitsu Kumada Swan N. Thung Jordi Bruix Philippa Newell Craig April Jian–Bing Fan Sasan Roayaie Vincenzo Mazzaf | 2011 | Gastroenterology2011，，5： | 3 |
| 20 | Ramucirumab monotherapy for previously treated advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (REGARD): an international, randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial显示文摘 | Charles S Fuchs Jiri Tomasek Cho Jae Yong Filip Dumitru Rodolfo Passalacqua Chanchal Goswami Howard Safran Lucas Vieira dos Santos Giuseppe Aprile David R Ferry Bohuslav Melichar Mustapha Tehfe Eldar Topuzov John Raymond Zalcberg Ian Chau William Campbell | 2014 | The Lancet2014，，9911： | 3 |
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