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| 1 | 面向21世纪的卒中新定义:美国心脏病学会和美国卒中学会声明显示文摘尽管脑血管病有着全球性影响且对其病理生理学的认识有了很多进步,但是'卒中'这一术语在临床实践、临床研究或公共卫生评估中的定义却不一致。传统的定义依据于临床,却没有考虑到科学技术的进步。美国心脏协会(AHA)和美国卒中协会(ASA)卒中分会组织了写作小组,为21世纪卒中新定义撰写专家共识性声明。中枢神经系统(CNS)梗死,指由缺血所导致的脑、脊髓或视网膜的细胞死亡,是基于持续性损害的神经病理学、神经影像学和(或)临床证据。CNS梗死表现为一个临床谱:缺血性卒中特指伴有明显症状的CNS梗死,而静息性梗死根据定义指未引起已知的症状的梗死。卒中也还包括脑出血和蛛网膜下腔出血。新定义的卒中结合了临床和组织学标准,可被用于实践、研究和公共卫生评估。 | 俞羚 董荃 宋叶平 江静雯 李卉 刘亮贤 苏爱萍 李焰生 Sacco RL Kasner SE Broderick JP Caplan LR Connors JJ Culebras A Elkind MS George MG Hamdan AD Higashida RT Hoh BL Janis LS Kase CS Kleindorfer DO Lee JM Moseley ME Peterson ED Turan TN Valderrama AL Vinters HV | 2013 | 神经病学与神经康复学杂志2013，10，2： | 188 |
| 2 | The role of whole brain radiation therapy in the management of newly diagnosed brain metastases: a systematic review and evidence-based clinical practice guideline显示文摘 | Gaspar LE Mehta MP Patchell RA Burri SH Robinson PD Morris RE Ammirati M Andrews DW Asher AL Cobbs CS Kondziolka D Linskey ME Loeffler JS McDermott M Mikkelsen T Olson JJ Paleologos NA Ryken TC Kalkanis SN. | 2010 | 中国神经肿瘤杂志2010，8，1： | 98 |
| 3 | 自发性脑出血诊疗指南--美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会的健康职业者指南显示文摘在世界范围内,自发性、非创伤性脑出血(intracranial hemorrhage,ICH)仍然是致死、致残的重要原因。虽然在临床研究及治疗指南的临床证据方面,ICH一直落后于缺血性卒中和动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血,但在过去的10年内有了长足的增长。基于人群的研究发现,出血量较小的ICH患者几乎均能通过良好的内科治疗而存活[1],提示良好的内科治疗很可能直接影响ICH患者的残疾率。本指南的目的是,纳入最新临床研究的中期结果,并更新2010年版指南[2],向临床医师强调,其管理对ICH患者结局有着重要影响,并为临床管理提供相应的循证医学证据。为保证本指南的简洁和实用性,ICH的背景及流行病学均被省略,仅提供参考文献供查阅[1,3-4]。 | Hemphill JC Ⅲ Greenberg SM Anderson CS 文婉玲 于瀛 黄清海 | 2015 | 中国脑血管病杂志2015，12，9： | 85 |
| 4 | Pathophysiology of pulmonary complications of acute pancreatitis显示文摘Acute pancreatitis in its severe form is complicated by multiple organ system dysfunction, most importantly by pulmonary complications which include hypoxia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, atelectasis, and pleural effusion. The pathogenesis of some of the above complications is attributed to the production of noxious cytokines. Clinically significant is the early onset of pleural effusion, which heralds a poor outcome of acute pancreatitis. The role of circulating trypsin, phospholipase A2, platelet activating factor, release of free fatty acids, chemoattractants such as tumor necrsosis factor (TNF)- alpha, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, fMet-leu-phe (a bacterial wall product), nitric oxide, substance P, and macrophage inhibitor factor is currently studied. The hope is that future management of acute pancreatitis with a better understanding of the pathogenesis of lung injury will be directed against the production of noxious cytokines. | George W Browne CS Pitchumoni | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，44： | 57 |
| 5 | How the Bcl-2 family of proteins interact to regulate apoptosis显示文摘到 apoptosis 的房间的承诺主要被在 Bcl-2 蛋白质家庭的成员之间的蛋白质蛋白质相互作用管理。它的三个亚科有不同角色:BH3 仅仅,蛋白质经由他们的 BH3 领域由绑定触发 apoptosis 到支持幸存的亲戚,当 pro-apoptotic Bax 和 Bak 有一个必要下游的角色包含 organellar 膜和 caspase 激活的正式就职的混乱时。BH3 仅仅,蛋白质充当损坏传感器,由压力信号保持惰性直到他们的激活。一旦激活,他们被认为杂乱地绑在支持幸存的蛋白质目标,但是意外选择最近从他们的相互作用的分析出现了。BH3 仅仅,蛋白质也绑在 Bax 和 Bak 的一些。Bax 和 Bak 是否被这些 BH3 仅仅直接激活蛋白质,或间接地作为后果 BH3 仅仅蛋白质抵销他们的支持幸存的目标是强烈争论的题目。不管这,在家庭成员之间的相互作用的详细理解,经常选择,为设计反癌症药指向 Bcl-2 家庭有著名含意。 | Mark F van Delft David CS Huang | 2006 | Cell Research2006，16，2： | 38 |
| 6 | The relation between HLA-DQA1 genes and genetic susceptibility to duodenal ulcer in Wuhan Hans显示文摘AIM To study the genetic susceptibility of HLA-DQA1 alleles to duodenal ulcer in Wuhan Hans.METHODS Seventy patients with duodenalulcer and fifty healthy controls were examinedfor HLA-DQA1 genotypes.HLA-DQA1 typing wascarried out by digesting the locus specificpolymerase chain reaction amplified productswith alleles specific restriction enzymes(PCR-RFLP),i.e.,Apal Ⅰ,Bsaj Ⅰ,Hph Ⅰ,Fok Ⅰ,Mbo Ⅱ and Mnl Ⅰ.RESULTS The allele frequencies of DQA1 * 0301and DQA1 * 0102 in patients with duodenal ulcerwere significantly higher and lower respectivelythan those in healthy controls(0.40 vs 0.20,P = 0.003,mcorret = 0.024)and(0.05 vs 0.14,P = 0.012,but Pcorret>0.05),respectively.CONCLUSION DQA1 * 0301 is a susceptiblegene for duodenal ulcer in Wuhan Hans,andthere are immunogenetic differences in HLA-DQA1 locus between duodenal ulcer patients andhealthy controls. | Du YP Deng CS Lu DY Huang MF Guo SF Hou W | 2000 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2000，6，1： | 37 |
| 7 | WHO(2014)卵巢肿瘤组织学分类显示文摘上皮性肿瘤 浆液性肿瘤 良性 浆液性囊腺瘤 8441/0 浆液性腺纤维瘤 9014/0 浆液性表面乳头状瘤 8461/0 交界性 浆液性交界性肿瘤/不典型增生性浆 液性肿瘤 8442/1 浆液性交界性肿瘤-微乳头亚型/非浸润性低级别浆液性癌 | 马亚琪 王昀 刘爱军 Kurman RJ Carcangiu ML Herrington CS Young RH Eds | 2014 | 诊断病理学杂志2014，21，8： | 36 |
| 8 | Effects of icariin on cGMP-specific PDE5 and cAMP-specific PDE4 activities显示文摘Aim:To clarify the mechanism of the therapeutic action of icariin on erectlile dysfunction(ED).Methods:PDE5 was isolated from the human platelet and PDE4 form the rat liver tissue using the FPLC system (Pharmacia,Milton Keynes,UK)and the Mono Q column.The inhibitory effects of icariin on PDE5 and PDE4 activities were investigated by the two-step radioisotope procedure with [^3H]-c GMP/[^3H]-cAMP.Papaverine served as the control drug.Results:Icariin and papaverine showed dose-dependent inhibitory effects on PDE5 and PDE4 activities.The IC50 of Icariin and papaverine on PDE5 were 0.432μ mol/L and 0.680μmol/L,respectively and those on PDE4,73.50μmol/L and 3.07μmol/L,respectively.The potencies of selectivity of icariin and papaverine on PDE5(PDE4/PDE5 of IC50)were 167.67 times and 4.54 times,respectively.Conclusion:Icariin is a cGMP-specific PDE5 inhibitor that may be developed into an oral effective agent for the treatment of ED. | ZC Xin EK Kim CS Lin WJ Liu L Tian YM Yuan J Fu | 2003 | Asian Journal of Andrology2003，5，1： | 38 |
| 9 | MicroRNAs in the prognosis and therapy of colorectal cancer: From bench to bedside显示文摘MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are small, single-stranded, noncoding RNAs that can post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of various oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Dysregulated expression of many miRNAs have been shown to mediate the signaling pathways critical in the multistep carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer(CRC). MiR NAs are stable and protected from RNase-mediated degradation, thereby enabling its detection in biological fluids and archival tissues for biomarker studies. This review focuses on the role and application of miRNAs in the prognosis and therapy of CRC. While stage Ⅱ CRC is potentially curable by surgical resection, a significant percentage of stage Ⅱ CRC patients do develop recurrence. MiRNA biomarkers may be used to stratify such high-risk population for adjuvant chemotherapy to provide better prognoses. Growing evidence also suggests that miRNAs are involved in the metastatic process of CRC. Certain of these miRNAs may thus be used as prognostic biomarkers to identify patients more likely to have micro-metastasis, who could be monitored more closely after surgery and/or given more aggressive adjuvant chemotherapy. Intrinsic and acquired resistance to chemotherapy severely hinders successful chemotherapy in CRC treatment. Predictive miRNA biomarkers for response to chemotherapy may identify patients who will benefit the most from a particular regimen and also spare the patients from unnecessary side effects. Selection of patients to receive the new targeted therapy is becoming possible with the use of predictive miRNA biomarkers. Lastly, forced expression of tumor suppressor miRNA or silencing of oncogenic miRNA in tumors by gene therapy can also be adopted to treat CRC alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs. | Kenneth KW To Christy WS Tong Mingxia Wu William CS Cho | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，27： | 29 |
| 10 | Effects of heat shock on change of HSC70/HSP68,acid and alkaline phosphatases before and after rat partial hepatectomy显示文摘INTRODUCTIONOnly the liver has the great capability ofregeneration in mammal.Few hepatocytes are inthe phase of division in the normal liver of an adultmammal (including human beings),but theremaining hepatocytes can be induced to proliferatequickly by partial hepatectomy (PH),and,to somedegree,they stop dividing and re-differentiate intocells functioning as hepatocytes.This shows | Lu AL Xu CS | 2000 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2000，6，5： | 27 |
| 11 | Effects of octreotide on acute necrotizing pancreatitis in rabbits显示文摘AIM: To assess the role of oxygen-derived free radicals and cytokines in the pathogenesis of taurocholic acid-induced acute pancreatitis, and to evaluate the preventive effects of octreotide towards the development of acute pancreatitis. METHODS: Acute pancreatitis was induced in male New Zealand white rabbits by retrograde injection of 0.8 mL/kg·b·m, of 50 g/L sodium taurocholate(NaTC) in the pancreatic duct. Sham-operated animals served as control. Octreotide 1 mglkg·b.m.was administered subcutaneously before the induction of pancreatitis. Blood was taken from the jugular vein before and at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after pancreatitis induction.Serum activities of amylase, IL-6 and TNF-α and levels of malonyl dialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase and superoxide dismutase (Mn-,Cu-,and Zn-SOD) in pancreatic tissue were measured.RESULTS: Serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels increased significantly 3 h after the onset of pancreatitis, and then returned to control level. The tissue concentration of MDA was significantly elevated at 24 h, while the GSH level and GP-x, catalase, Mn-SOD, Cu-, Zn-SOD activities were all significantly decreased in animals with pancreatitis as compared to the control. Octreotide pretreatment significantly reversed the changes in cytokines and reactive oxygen metabolites. Octreotide treatment did not alter the serum amylase activity and did not have any beneficial effects on the development of histopathological changes.CONCLUSION: Oxygen-derived free radicals and proinflammatory cytokines are generated at an early stage of NaTc-induced acute pancreatitis in rabbits. Prophylac ticoctreotide treatment can prevent release of cytokines and generation of reactive oxygen metabolites, but does not have any beneficial effects on the development of necrotizing pancreatitis. | Lászl6Czakó PéterHegyi TamásTakács CsabaGóg AndrásFarkas YvetteMándy Ilona Sz.Varga LászlóTiszlavicz JánosLonovics | 2004 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2004，10，14： | 21 |
| 12 | Water in the upper mantle and deep crust of eastern China: concentration, distribution and implications显示文摘Understanding the concentration and distribution of water in the Earth's mantle plays a substantial role in studying its chemical, physical and dynamic processes. After a decade of research, a comprehensive dataset of water content in upper-mantle samples has been built for eastern China, which is now the only place with water-content data from such diverse types of natural samples, and provides an integrated picture of the water content and its distribution in the upper mantle at a continental scale. The main findings include the following:(i) the temporal heterogeneity of the water content in the lithospheric mantle from early Cretaceous(~120 Ma) to Cenozoic(<40 Ma) was tightly connected with the stability of the North China Craton(from its destruction to its consolidation);(ii) the heterogeneous water content in the Cenozoic lithospheric mantle beneath different blocks of eastern China was not only inherited from tectonic settings from which they came, but was also affected later by geological processes they experienced;(iii) the distinct water content between the lowermost crust and lithospheric mantle of eastern China and its induced rheological contrast at the base of the crust indicate that the continental crust–mantle boundary could behave either in a coupled or decoupled manner beneath different areas and/or at different stages;(iv) the alkali basalts of eastern China demonstrate a heterogeneous distribution of water content in the mantle;local and regional comparisons of the water content between the lithospheric mantle and basalts' source indicate that the Cenozoic alkali basalts in eastern China were not sourced from the lithospheric mantle.Instead, the inferred high water contents in the mantle sources suggest that the Cenozoic eastern China basalts were likely sourced from the mantle transition zone(MTZ); and(v) both oceanic and continental crusts may carry a certain amount of water back into the deep mantle of eastern China by plate subduction.Such recycled crustal materials have not only created a local water-rich zone, but have also introduced crustal geochemical signatures into the mantle, both accounting for crustal geochemical imprints in the intra-plate magmatic rocks of eastern China. | Qun-Ke Xia Jia Liu István Kovács Yan-Tao Hao Pei Li Xiao-Zhi Yang Huan Chen Ying-Ming Sheng | 2019 | National Science Review2019，6，1： | 16 |
| 13 | A nuclear import inhibitory peptide ameliorates the severity of cholecystokinin-induced acute pancreatitis显示文摘AIM: To assess the effect of our novel cell-permeable nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) inhibitor peptide PN50 in an experimental model of acute pancreatitis. PN50 was produced by conjugating the cell-penetrating penetratin peptide with the nuclear localization signal of the NF-κB p50 subunit.METHODS: Pancreatitis was induced in male Wistar rats by administering 2×100 μg/kg body weight of cholecystokininoctapeptide (CCK) intraperitoneally (IP) at an interval of 1 h. PN50-treated animals received 1 mg/kg of PN50 IP 30 min before or after the CCK injections. The animals were sacrificed 4 h after the first injection of CCK.RESULTS: All the examined laboratory (the pancreatic weight/body weight ratio, serum amylase activity,pancreatic levels of TNF-α and IL-6, degree of lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione levels, NF-κB binding activity, pancreatic and lung myeloperoxidase activity) and morphological parameters of the disease were improved before and after treatment with the PN50 peptide.According to the histological findings, PN50 protected the animals against acute pancreatitis by favoring the induction of apoptotic, as opposed to necrotic acinar cell death associated with severe acute pancreatitis.CONCLUSION: Our study implies that reversible inhibitors of stress-responsive transcription factors like NF-κB might be clinically useful for the suppression of the severity of acute pancreatitis. | Tamás Letoha Csaba Somlai Tamáas Takács Annamária Szabolcs Katalin Jármay Zoltán Rakonczay Jr Péter Hegyi Ilona Varga József Kaszaki István Krizbai Imre Boros Ern(?) Duda Erzsébet Kusz Botond Penke | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，7： | 15 |
| 14 | A deep learning-enabled portable imaging flow cytometer for cost-effective, highthroughput, and label-free analysis of natural water samples显示文摘We report a deep learning-enabled field-portable and cost-effective imaging flow cytometer that automatically captures phase-contrast color images of the contents of a continuously flowing water sample at a throughput of 100 mL/h.The device is based on partially coherent lens-free holographic microscopy and acquires the diffraction patterns of flowing micro-objects inside a microfluidic channel.These holographic diffraction patterns are reconstructed in real time using a deep learning-based phase-recovery and image-reconstruction method to produce a color image of each micro-object without the use of external labeling.Motion blur is eliminated by simultaneously illuminating the sample with red,green,and blue light-emitting diodes that are pulsed.Operated by a laptop computer,this portable device measures 15.5 cm×15 cm×12.5 cm,weighs 1 kg,and compared to standard imaging flow cytometers,it provides extreme reductions of cost,size and weight while also providing a high volumetric throughput over a large object size range.We demonstrated the capabilities of this device by measuring ocean samples at the Los Angeles coastline and obtaining images of its micro-and nanoplankton composition.Furthermore,we measured the concentration of a potentially toxic alga(Pseudo-nitzschia)in six public beaches in Los Angeles and achieved good agreement with measurements conducted by the California Department of Public Health.The cost-effectiveness,compactness,and simplicity of this computational platform might lead to the creation of a network of imaging flow cytometers for largescale and continuous monitoring of the ocean microbiome,including its plankton composition. | Zoltán Gӧrӧcs Miu Tamamitsu Vittorio Bianco Patrick Wolf Shounak Roy Koyoshi Shindo Kyrollos Yanny Yichen Wu Hatice Ceylan Koydemir Yair Rivenson Aydogan Ozcan | 2018 | Light(Science & Applications)2018，7，1： | 14 |
| 15 | Increased prevalence of symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux diseases in type 2 diabetics with neuropathy显示文摘AIM:To analyze the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) related symptoms in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and to find out the relationship between diabetic neuropathy and the prevalence of GERD symptoms. METHODS:In this prospective questionnaire study, 150 consecutive type 2 diabetic patients attending the endocrine clinic were enrolled. A junior physician helped the patients to understand the questions. Patients were asked about the presence of five most frequent symptoms of GERD that included heartburn (at least 1/wk), regurgitation, chest pain, hoarseness of voice and chronic cough. Patients with past medical history of angina, COPD, asthma, cough due to ACEI or preexisting GERD prior to onset of diabetes and apparent psychiatric disorders were excluded from the survey. We further divided the patients into two groups based on presence or absence of peripheral neuropathy. Out of 150 patients, 46 had neuropathy, whereas 104 patients did not have neuropathy. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, and number of patients in each category and percentage of total patients in that group. Normal distributions between groups were compared with Student t test and the prevalence rates between groups were compared with Chi-square tests for significance. RESULTS:The average duration of diabetes were 12 ± 9.2 years and the average HbA1c level of this group was 7.7% ± 2.0%. The mean weight and BMI were 198 ± 54 lbs. and 32 ± 7.2 kg/m2. Forty percent (61/150) patients reported having at least one of the symptoms of GERD and thirty percent (45/150) reported having heartburn at least once a week. The prevalence of GERD symptoms is higher in patients with neuropathy than patients without neuropathy (58.7% vs 32.7%, P < 0.01). The prevalence of heartburn, chest pain and chronic cough are also higher in patients with neuropathy than in patients without neuropathy (43.5% vs 24%;10.9% vs 4.8% and 17.8% vs 6.7% respectively, P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:The prevalence of GERD symptoms in type 2 DM is higher than in the general population. Our data suggest that DM neuropathy may be an important associated factor for developing GERD symptoms. | Xiangbing Wang CS Pitchumoni Khushbu Chandrarana Neha Shah | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，5： | 13 |
| 16 | 罗格列酮单用或者与阿伐他汀联合使用对于2型糖尿病患者心血管疾病的非传统标志物的作用显示文摘 | Chu CS Lee KT Lee MY 菅鑫妍 | 2006 | 中国处方药2006，，6： | 13 |
| 17 | 缺血性脑卒中和出血性脑卒中患者发病前后血压的变化显示文摘《中国高血压防治指南2010》指出,急性脑卒中的血压处理缺乏足够的临床试验证据,参考建议如下:急性脑卒中溶栓前血压应控制在<185/110mm Hg(1mm Hg=0.133kPa)。对急性缺血性脑卒中发病24h内血压升高的患者应谨慎处理,收缩压≥180mm Hg或舒张压≥100mm Hg或伴有严重心功能不全、主动脉夹层、高血压脑病者,一般不予降压。降压的合理目标是24h内血压降低约15%。有高血压病史且正在服用降压药物者,如神经功能平稳,可于脑卒中发病后24h开始使用降压药物。因此,了解脑卒中患者发病前后的血压情况对临床治疗有重要的意义。Fischer等研究者探讨缺血性脑卒中和出血性脑卒中患者发病前后血压的变化情况。结果表明,缺血性脑卒中患者发病后首次测量的收缩压低于出血性脑卒中。与发病前比较,缺血性脑卒中发病后收缩压略升高(约10.6mm Hg),24h内轻度降低(约13.6mm Hg);而出血性脑卒中发病后,收缩压明显升高(约40.7mm Hg),24h内明显下降(约41.1mm Hg)。出血性脑卒中发病前几天及几周的平均收缩压逐渐增加,而缺血性脑卒中无明显变化。出血性脑卒中患者发病3h内的最高收缩压比发病前高50.0 mm Hg,而缺血性脑卒中则低5.2mm Hg。综上所述,与发病前比较,出血性脑卒中发病后收缩压升高,而缺血性脑卒中无明显变化。 | Fischer U Cooney MT Bull LM Silver LE Chalmers J Anderson CS Mehta Z Rothwell PM 林东杰 叶鹏 | 2014 | 中华高血压杂志2014，22，4： | 13 |
| 18 | 在有类型 2 糖尿病的病人的 nephropathy 的管理。 | Critchley JA Zhao HL Tomlinson B Leung W Thomas GN Chan JC Cockram CS | 2002 | Chinese Medical Journal2002，，1： | 12 |
| 19 | 预处理对动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血病人脑血管痉挛的影响显示文摘背景最新实验证据表明:预处理能引起机体对抗脑血管痉挛的内源性保护机制。目的探讨在动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(aSAH)病人体内是否也存在这种内源性保护机制。方法回顾性分析一组多中心aSAH病人的缺血性预处理刺激情况:包括病人已存在狭窄闭塞性脑血管疾病和(或)脑梗死; | Kim YW Zipfel GJ Ogilvy CS 郭玉慧 周静 | 2014 | 中国微侵袭神经外科杂志2014，19，4： | 11 |
| 20 | De novo exploration and self-guided learning of potentialenergy surfaces显示文摘Interatomic potential models based on machine learning(ML)are rapidly developing as tools for material simulations.However,because of their flexibility,they require large fitting databases that are normally created with substantial manual selection and tuning of reference configurations.Here,we show that ML potentials can be built in a largely automated fashion,exploring and fitting potential-energy surfaces from the beginning(de novo)within one and the same protocol.The key enabling step is the use of a configuration-averaged kernel metric that allows one to select the few most relevant and diverse structures at each step.The resulting potentials are accurate and robust for the wide range of configurations that occur during structure searching,despite only requiring a relatively small number of single-point DFT calculations on small unit cells.We apply the method to materials with diverse chemical nature and coordination environments,marking an important step toward the more routine application of ML potentials in physics,chemistry,and materials science. | Noam Bernstein Gábor Csányi Volker L.Deringer | 2019 | npj Computational Materials2019，，1： | 10 |
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