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| 1 | A method for the production and expedient screening of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated non-transgenic mutant plants显示文摘Developing CRISPR/Cas9-mediated non-transgenic mutants in asexually propagated perennial crop plants is challenging but highly desirable.Here,we report a highly useful method using an Agrobacterium-mediated transient CRISPR/Cas9 gene expression system to create non-transgenic mutant plants without the need for sexual segregation.We have also developed a rapid,cost-effective,and high-throughput mutant screening protocol based on Illumina sequencing followed by high-resolution melting(HRM)analysis.Using tetraploid tobacco as a model species and the phytoene desaturase(PDS)gene as a target,we successfully created and expediently identified mutant plants,which were verified as tetra-allelic mutants.We produced pds mutant shoots at a rate of 47.5%from tobacco leaf explants,without the use of antibiotic selection.Among these pds plants,17.2%were confirmed to be non-transgenic,for an overall non-transgenic mutation rate of 8.2%.Our method is reliable and effective in creating non-transgenic mutant plants without the need to segregate out transgenes through sexual reproduction.This method should be applicable to many economically important,heterozygous,perennial crop species that are more difficult to regenerate. | Longzheng Chen Wei Li Lorenzo Katin-Grazzini Jing Ding Xianbin Gu Yanjun Li Tingting Gu Ren Wang Xinchun Lin Ziniu Deng Richard J.McAvoy Frederick G.Gmitter Jr. Zhanao Deng Yunde Zhao Yi Li | 2018 | Horticulture Research2018，5，1： | 12 |
| 2 | Review of shock wave detection method in CFD post-processing显示文摘In the present computational fluid dynamics (CFD) community, post-processing is regarded as a procedure to view parameter distribution, detect characteristic structure and reveal physical mechanism of fluid flow based on computational or experimental results. Field plots by contours, iso-surfaces, streamlines, vectors and others are traditional post-processing techniques. While the shock wave, as one important and critical flow structure in many aerodynamic problems, can hardly be detected or distinguished in a direct way using these traditional methods, due to possible confusions with other similar discontinuous flow structures like slip line, contact discontinuity, etc. Therefore, method for automatic detection of shock wave in post-processing is of great importance for both academic research and engineering applications. In this paper, the current status of methodologies developed for shock wave detection and implementations in post-processing platform are reviewed, as well as discussions on advantages and limitations of the existing methods and proposals for further studies of shock wave detection method. We also develop an advanced post-processing software, with improved shock detection. | Wu Ziniu Xu Yizhe Wang Wenbin Hu Ruifeng | 2013 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2013，26，3： | 11 |
| 3 | Aerodynamic map for soft and hard hypersonic level flight in near space显示文摘In this note,we design a velocity-altitude map forhypersonic level flight in near space of altitude 20-100 km.This map displays aerodynamic-related parameters associ-ated with near space level flight,schematically or quantita-tively.Various physical conditions for the near-space levelflight are then characterized,including laminar or turbulentflow,rarefaction or continuous flow,aerodynamic heating,aswell as conditions for sustaining level flight with and withoutorbital effect.This map allows one to identify conditions tohave soft flight or hard flight,and this identification wouldbe helpful for making correct planning on detailed studies ofaerodynamics or making initial design of near space vehicles. | Ruifeng Hu Ziniu Wu Zhe Wu Xiaoxin Wang Zhongwei Tian School of Aerospace, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China | 2009 | Acta Mechanica Sinica2009，25，4： | 11 |
| 4 | Growth performance and physiological parameters of the second generation selected and control groups of Pinctada martensii显示文摘In May of 2007,the second generation selected (SS) and control (SC) groups of pearl oyster Pinctada martensii were established by selecting 10% breeders with the largest and mean shell length,respectively,from the first generation selected group.Growth performance of the SS and SC groups were compared on the basis of measurement data at Days 8,18,60,95,195 and 365.On Day 365,100 individuals (60.0–75.0 mm at shell length) were sampled from each group and then subjected to the experiment where physiological parameters such as filtrate rate,oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion were measured at 15,20,25 and 30°C.The results show that the SS group had significantly larger mean shell length and shell height than the SC group at Days 8,18,60,95,195 and 365 (P <0.05).The genetic gains at different ages varied from 6.0% to 17.0% for shell length and 5.7% to 14.6% for shell height,respectively.At 15,20,25 and 30 ° C,the SS groups had significantly larger filtrate rate than the SC group (P <0.05).At 15 and 25 °C,the differences in oxygen consumption rate between the SS and SC groups were not significant (P >0.05).At 20 and 30 °C,however,the oxygen consumption rate of the SS group was significantly larger than the SC group (P <0.05).At 15,20,25 and 30 °C,there were no significant differences in ammonia excretion rate between the SS and SC groups (P >0.05).The present results indicate that there existed considerable genetic variability in the base population and a further selection could be likely fruitful.Mass selection for faster growth might produce animals that had higher intake of metabolizable energy by virtue of faster filtrating behavior. | DENG Yuewen YU Ziniu DU Xiaodong WANG Qingheng FU Shao | 2011 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2011，30，2： | 10 |
| 5 | Genomic landscape and genetic manipulation of the black soldier fly Hermetia illucens,a natural waste recycler显示文摘The black soldier fly(BSF),Hermetia illucens(Diptera:Stratiomyidae),is renowned for its bioconversion of organic waste into a sustainable source of animal feed.We report a high-quality genome of 1.1 Gb and a consensus set of 16,770 gene models for this beneficial species.Compared to those of other dipteran species,the BSF genome has undergone a substantial expansion in functional modules related to septic adaptation,including immune system factors,olfactory receptors,and cytochrome P450s.We further profiled midgut transcriptomes and associated microbiomes of BSF larvae fed with representative types of organic waste.We find that the pathways related to digestive system and fighting infection are commonly enriched and that Firmicutes bacteria dominate the microbial community in BSF across all diets.To extend its potential practical applications,we further developed an efficient CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing approach and implemented this to yield flightless and enhanced feeding capacity phenotypes,both of which could expand BSF production capabilities.Our study provides valuable genomic and technical resources for optimizing BSF lines for industrialization. | Shuai Zhan Gangqi Fang Minmin Cai Zongqing Kou Jun Xu Yanghui Cao Liang Bai Yixiang Zhang Yongmao Jiang Xingyu Luo Jian Xu Xia Xu Longyu Zheng Ziniu Yu Hong Yang Zhijian Zhang Sibao Wang Jeffery K.Tomberlin Jibin Zhang Yongping Huang | 2020 | Cell Research2020，30，1： | 9 |
| 6 | A hypersonic lift mechanism with decoupled lift and drag surfaces显示文摘In the present study, we propose a novel lift mechanism for which the lifting surface produces only lift. This is achieved by mounting a two-dimensional shock-shock interaction generator below the lifting surface. The shock-shock interaction theory in conjunction with a three dimensional correction and checked with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to analyze the lift and drag forces as function of the geometrical parameters and inflow Mach number. Through this study, though limited to only inviscid flow, we conclude that it is possible to obtain a high lift to drag ratio by suitably arranging the shock interaction generator. | XU YiZhe XU ZhiQi LI ShaoGuang LI Juan BAI ChenYuan WU ZiNiu | 2013 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2013，56，5： | 6 |
| 7 | Amplification of the Solar Signal in the Summer Monsoon Rainband in China by Synergistic Actions of Different Dynamical Responses显示文摘A rainband meridional shift index(RMSI) is defined and used to statistically prove that the East Asian summer monsoon rainband is usually significantly more northward in the early summer of solar maximum years than that of solar minimum years. By applying continuous wavelet transform, cross wavelet transform, and wavelet coherence, it is found that throughout most of the 20th century, the significant decadal oscillations of sunspot number(SSN) and the RMSI are phase-locked and since the 1960s, the SSN has led the RMSI slightly by approximately 1.4 yr. Wind and Eliassen–Palm(EP) flux analysis shows that the decadal meridional oscillation of the June rainband likely results from both a stronger or earlier onset of the tropical monsoon and poleward shift of the subtropical westerly jet in high-solar months of May and June. The dynamical responses of the lower tropical monsoon and the upper subtropical westerly jet to the 11-yr solar cycle transmit bottom-up and top-down solar signals, respectively, and the synergistic actions between the monsoon and the jet likely amplify the solar signal at the northern boundary of the monsoon to some extent. | Liang ZHAO Jingsong WANG Haiwen LIU Ziniu XIAO | 2017 | Journal of Meteorological Research2017，31，1： | 6 |
| 8 | Generalized Kutta–Joukowski theorem for multi-vortex and multi-airfoil flow(a lumped vortex model)显示文摘For purpose of easy identification of the role of free vortices on the lift and drag and for purpose of fast or engineering evaluation of forces for each individual body,we will extend in this paper the Kutta–Joukowski(KJ) theorem to the case of inviscid flow with multiple free vortices and multiple airfoils. The major simplification used in this paper is that each airfoil is represented by a lumped vortex,which may hold true when the distances between vortices and bodies are large enough. It is found that the Kutta–Joukowski theorem still holds provided that the local freestream velocity and the circulation of the bound vortex are modified by the induced velocity due to the outside vortices and airfoils. We will demonstrate how to use the present result to identify the role of vortices on the forces according to their position,strength and rotation direction. Moreover,we will apply the present results to a two-cylinder example of Crowdy and the Wagner example to demonstrate how to perform fast force approximation for multi-body and multi-vortex problems. The lumped vortex assumption has the advantage of giving such kinds of approximate results which are very easy to use. The lack of accuracy for such a fast evaluation will be compensated by a rigorous extension,with the lumped vortex assumption removed and with vortex production included,in a forthcoming paper. | Bai Chenyuan Wu Ziniu | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2014，27，1： | 4 |
| 9 | The role of β18-β19 loop structure in insecticidal activity of Cry1Ac toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis显示文摘The β18-β19 loop in domain III of Cry1Ac toxin is unique among Bacillus thuringiensis Cry proteins. In this study, the role of the loop structure in insecticidal activity of Cry1Ac toxin was investigated. Alanine scanning mutations within the loop were initially generated and most mutants were over-expressed and reduced toxicity at different degrees, except mutant N546A that showed almost 2 times enhanced toxicity against Helicoverpa armigera larvae. Further mutagenic analysis of N546 revealed that a charged amino acid in this position would cause very unfavorable influence on insecticidal activity. In addition, the deletion of N546 led to protein instability because of destruction of the loop integrity. Besides, mutant W544F was much more toxic than W544Y, indicating that hydrophobic nature of the position was important for maintaining the stability and activity of Cry1Ac protein. These findings are the first biological evidence for a structural function of β18-β19 loop in insecticidal activity of the Cry1Ac toxin. | XIA LiQiu WANG FaXiang DING XueZhi ZHAO XinMin FU ZuJiao QUAN MeiFang YU ZiNiu | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，20： | 4 |
| 10 | Analysis of the efficacy of transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy in the treatment of pancreatic carcinoma显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of infusion of gemcitabine(GEM) and fluorouracil(5-FU)through the celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery in the treatment of pancreatic carcinoma(PC).Methods:We analyzed 20 patients diagnosed clinically or pathologically with PC,without metastases,who had an estimated survival duration of>3 months in our department from May 2009 to December 2014.Nine patients were treated directly without surgical resection of the tumor,while the other 11 patients were treated after surgery.In all patients,the femoral artery was punctured using the Seldinger technique,and a catheter was placed in the opening of the celiac artery or the superior mesenteric artery.We administered 500 mg/m2 GEM and 500 mg/m2 5-FU.Observational data included data on clinical efficacy and survival rates during the follow-up period of 3-72 months.Results:Twenty patients were treated 85 times with transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy(TAI).The survival rates were 80%,40%,35%,20%,10%,and 5% at 3,6,12,24,and 72 months,respectively.Conclusion: TAI chemotherapy with GEM and 5-FU may be a therapeutic option for the treatment of PC. | Chunhui Nie Yuelin Zhang Guanhui Zhou Tanyang Zhou Tongyin Zhu Baoquan Wang Shengqun Chen Hongliang Wang Ziniu Yu Li Jing Junhui Sun | 2021 | Journal of Interventional Medicine2021，4，1： | 4 |
| 11 | Hypersonic starting flow at high angle of attack显示文摘Compressible starting flow at small angle of attack(Ao A) involves small amplitude waves and time-dependent lift coefficient and has been extensively studied before. In this paper we consider hypersonic starting flow of a two-dimensional flat wing or airfoil at large angle of attack involving strong shock waves. The flow field in some typical regions near the wing is solved analytically. Simple expressions of time-dependent lift evolutions at the initial and final stages are given. Numerical simulations by compuational fluid dynamics are used to verify and complement the theoretical results. It is shown that below the wing there is a straight oblique shock(OSW) wave,a curved shock wave(CSW) and an unsteady horizontal shock wave(USW), and the latter moves perpendicularlly to the wing. The length of these three parts of waves changes with time. The pressure above OSW is larger than that above USW, while across CSW there is a significant drop of the pressure, making the force nearly constant during the initial period of time. When, however, the Mach number is very large, the force coefficient tends to a time-independent constant, proportional to the square of the sine of the angle of attack. | Bai Chenyuan Wu Ziniu | 2016 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2016，29，2： | 4 |
| 12 | Generalized Kutta–Joukowski theorem for multi-vortex and multi-airfoil flow with vortex production——A general model显示文摘By using a special momentum approach and with the help of interchange between singularity velocity and induced flow velocity, we derive in a physical way explicit force formulas for twodimensional inviscid flow involving multiple bound and free vortices, multiple airfoils, and vortex production. These force formulas hold individually for each airfoil thus allowing for force decomposition, and the contributions to forces from singularities(such as bound and image vortices,sources, and doublets) and bodies out of an airfoil are related to their induced velocities at the locations of singularities inside this airfoil. The force contribution due to vortex production is related to the vortex production rate and the distance between each pair of vortices in production, thus frameindependent. The formulas are validated against a number of standard problems. These force formulas, which generalize the classic Kutta–Joukowski theorem(for a single bound vortex) and the recent generalized Lagally theorem(for problems without a bound vortex and vortex production) to more general cases, can be used to identify or understand the roles of outside vortices and bodies on the forces of the actual body, optimize arrangement of outside vortices and bodies for force enhancement or reduction, and derive analytical force formulas once the flow field is given or known. | Bai Chenyuan Li Juan Wu Ziniu | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2014，27，5： | 3 |
| 13 | Heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification by the bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri YZN-001显示文摘 | Jibin Zhang Pengxia Wu Bo Hao Ziniu Yu | 2011 | Bioresource Technology2011，，21： | 2 |
| 14 | Citron C-05 inhibits both the penetration and colonization of Xanthomonas citri subsp.citri to achieve resistance to citrus canker disease显示文摘Citrus canker,caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp.citri(Xcc),is a serious bacterial disease that affects citrus production worldwide.Citron C-05(Citrus medica)is the only germplasm in the Citrus genus that has been identified to exhibit strong resistance to Xcc.However,it has not been determined when,where,and how Xcc is restricted in the tissues of Citron C-05 during the infection process.In the present study,we investigated the spatiotemporal growth dynamics of an eGFP-labeled virulent Xcc(eGFP-Xcc)strain in Citron C-05 along with five susceptible biotypes(i.e.,lemon,pummelo,sour orange,sweet orange,and ponkan mandarin)upon inoculation via the spraying or leaf infiltration of a bacterial suspension.The results from extensive confocal laser scanning microscopy analyses showed that while Xcc grew rapidly in plants of all five susceptible genotypes,Xcc was severely restricted in the epidermal and mesophyll cell layers of the leaves of Citron C-05 in the early stage of infection.Not surprisingly,resistance against Xcc in Citron C-05 was found to be associated with the production of reactive oxygen species and hypersensitive response-like cell death,as well as greater upregulation of several defense-related genes,including a pathogenesis-related gene(PR1)and a glutathione S-transferase gene(GST1),compared with sweet orange as a susceptible control.Taken together,our results not only provide further valuable details of the spatiotemporal dynamics of the host entry,propagation,and spread of Xcc in both resistant and susceptible citrus plants but also suggest that resistance to Xcc in Citron C-05 may be attributed to the activation of multiple defense mechanisms. | Hongyan Fu Mingming Zhao Jing Xu Limei Tan Jian Han Dazhi Li Meijun Wang Shunyuan Xiao Xianfeng Ma Ziniu Deng | 2020 | Horticulture Research2020，7，1： | 2 |
| 15 | 澜沧江-湄公河流域的温度变化及极端温度事件的未来预估显示文摘研究目的:澜沧江-湄公河流域以农业生产为主要经济来源,气候变化会对该地区人民的生产生活及生命财产安全造成严重的影响,对此流域21世纪的温度和极端温度事件进行预估,可以为灾害防控和政策制定提供科学性参考。创新要点:利用分位数订正法对WRF降尺度数据进行订正,对澜沧江-湄公河流域21世纪的温度变化进行预估。研究方法:运用分位数订正法对模拟和预估数据进行订正,与观测数据进行对比评估,在此基础上对2016–35, 2046–65和2080–99的温度进行预估。重要结论:21世纪澜沧江-湄公河流域温度呈现持续升高的趋势。干季时,北部高海拔地区升温速度较快;湿季时,下游地区升温明显。干湿季最主要的空间模态为全区一致型;干季的第二空间模态为东西反向变化,湿季为南北反向变化。极端高温日数增加,流域下游增加较快;极端低温日数减少,2016–35年的减少最为明显。 | SUN Chang XIAO Ziniu SUN Jianqi YU Entao | 2020 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2020，13，1： | 2 |
| 16 | Lagged Responses of the Tropical Pacific to the 11-yr Solar Cycle Forcing and Possible Mechanisms显示文摘This paper uses two subsets of ensemble historical-Nat simulations and pi-Control simulations from CMIP5 as well as observational/reanalysis datasets to investigate responses of the tropical Pacific to the 11-yr solar cycle.A statistically significant 11-yr solar signal is found in the upper-ocean layers above the thermocline and tropospheric circulations.A warming response initially appears in the upper layers of the central equatorial Pacific in the solar maximum years in observations,then increases and shifts into the eastern Pacific at lagged 1-3 yr.Meanwhile,an anomalous updraft arises over the western equatorial Pacific and shifts eastwards in the following years with anomalous subsidence over the Maritime Continent.These lagged responses are confirmed by the historical-Nat simulations,except that the initial signal is located more to the west and all the responses are weaker than the observed.A simplified mixed-layer heat budget analysis based on the historical-Nat simulations suggests that the atmospheric forcing,especially the shortwave radiation,is the major contributor to the initial warming response,and the ocean heat transport effect is responsible for the eastward displacement of the lagged warming responses.In the solar maximum years,the zonal ocean temperature gradient in the western-central Pacific is reduced by the initial warming,and anomalous westerly winds appear over the western equatorial Pacific and extend into the eastern Pacific during the lagged years.These anomalous westerly winds reduce the wind-driven ocean dynamical transport,resulting in the initial warming in the central equatorial Pacific being amplified and the surface warming shifting eastward during the lagged 1-3 yr. | Wenjuan HUO Ziniu XIAO Xin WANG Liang ZHAO | 2021 | Journal of Meteorological Research2021，35，3： | 2 |
| 17 | Relationships between intensity of the Kuroshio current in the East China Sea and the East Asian winter monsoon显示文摘Based on satellite altimeter and reanalysis data,this paper studies the relationships between the intensity of the Kuroshio current in the East China Sea(ECS) and the East Asian winter monsoon(EAWM).The mechanisms of their possible interaction are also discussed.Results indicate that adjacent transects show consistent variations,and on an interannual timescale,when the EAWM is anomalously strong(weak),the downstream Kuroshio in the ECS is suppressed(enhanced) in the following year from February to April.This phenomenon can be attributed to both the dynamic effect(i.e.,Ekman transport) and the thermal effect of the EAWM.When the EAWM strengthens(weakens),the midstream and downstream Kuroshio in the ECS are also suppressed(intensified) during the following year from October to December.The mechanisms vary for these effects.The EAWM exerts its influence on the Kuroshio's intensity in the following year through the tropospheric biennial oscillation(TBO),and oceanic forcing is dominant during this time.The air-sea interaction is modulated by the relative strength of the EAWM and the Kuroshio in the ECS.The non-equivalence of spatial scales between the monsoon and the Kuroshio determines that their interactions are aided by processes with a smaller spatial scale,i.e.,local wind stress and heating at the sea surface. | YIN Ming LI Xin XIAO Ziniu LI Chongyin | 2018 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2018，37，7： | 2 |
| 18 | Collision and coalescence of alumina particles in the vertical bending continous easter 显示文摘 | Hong Lei Lianze Wang Ziniu Wu | 2002 | ISIJ International2002，42，7： | 1 |
| 19 | Comparison of Three Microwave/Chemical Pretreatment Processes for Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Rice Straw显示文摘 | Shengdong Zhu Yuanxin Wu Ziniu Yu Cunwen Wang Faquan Yu Siwei Jin Yigang Ding Ru’an Chi Jintao Liao Yan Zhang | 2005 | Biosystems Engineering2005，，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Twelve years' experience and clinical results of using the radial artery for coronary revascularization显示文摘 | Cheng Zhaoyun Zhao Ziniu Quan Xiaoqiang Wang Sheng Zhao Jian Sun Junjie Hu Junlong Gao Chuanyu Song Yongping | 2014 | Chinese Medical Journal2014，，5： | 1 |
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