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| 1 | MicroRNAs as a potential prognostic factor in gastric cancer显示文摘AIM:To compare the microRNA (miR) profiles in the primary tumor of patients with recurrent and non-recurrent gastric cancer.METHODS:The study group included 45 patients who underwent curative gastrectomies from 1995 to 2005 without adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy and for whom adequate tumor content was available.Total RNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples,preserving the small RNA fraction.Initial profiling using miR microarrays was performed to identify potential biomarkers of recurrence after resection.The expression of the differential miRs was later verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).Findings were compared between patients who had a recurrence within 36 mo of surgery (bad-prognosis group,n=14,31%) and those who did not (good-prognosis group,n=31,69%).RESULTS:Three miRs,miR-451,miR-199a-3p and miR-195 were found to be differentially expressed in tumors from patients with good prognosis vs patients with bad prognosis (P<0.0002,0.0027 and 0.0046 respectively).High expression of each miR was associated with poorer prognosis for both recurrence and survival.Using miR-451,the positive predictive value for non-recurrence was 100% (13/13).The expression of the differential miRs was verified by qRT-PCR,showing high correlation to the microarray data and similar separation into prognosis groups.CONCLUSION:This study identified three miRs,miR-451,miR-199a-3p and miR-195 to be predictive of recurrence of gastric cancer.Of these,miR-451 had the strongest prognostic impact. | Baruch Brenner Moshe B Hoshen Ofer Purim Miriam Ben David Karin Ashkenazi Gideon Marshak Yulia Kundel Ronen Brenner Sara Morgenstern Marisa Halpern Nitzan Rosenfeld Ayelet Chajut Yaron Niv Michal Kushnir | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，35： | 31 |
| 2 | Leaky gut and the liver: A role for bacterial translocation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis显示文摘Gut flora and bacterial translocation (BT) play important roles in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease, including cirrhosis and its complications. Intestinal bacterial overgrowth and increased bacterial translocation of gut flora from the intestinal lumen predispose patients to bacterial infections, major complications and also play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disorders. Levels of bacterial lipopolysaccharide, a component of gram-negative bacteria, are increased in the portal and/or systemic circulation in several types of chronic liver disease. Impaired gut epithelial integrity due to alterations in tight junction proteins may be the pathological mechanism underlying bacterial translocation. Preclinical and clinical studies over the last decade have suggested a role for BT in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Bacterial overgrowth, immune dysfunction, alteration of the luminal factors, and altered intestinal permeability are all involved in the pathogenesis of NASH and its complications. A better understanding of the cell-specific recognition and intracellular signaling events involved in sensing gut-derived microbes will help in the development of means to achieve an optimal balance in the gut-liver axis and ameliorate liver diseases. These may suggest new targets for potential therapeutic interventions for the treatment of NASH. Here, we review some of the mechanisms connecting BT and NASH and potential therapeutic developments. | Yaron Ilan | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，21： | 17 |
| 3 | 非铁磁性金属薄层涡流测厚法显示文摘介绍用涡流法弥补超声法检测厚度<1 mm的薄层非铁磁性金属的不足.推导了涡流线圈感抗简化公式,试验测量了厚度为25~250 μm的铝和25~500 μm的不锈钢,得出了其厚度与幅值的关系曲线,理论计算与试验结果吻合较好.最后根据简化公式进行了理论仿真.研究表明,涡流方法适合测量电导率低的薄层金属厚度,选用合适的低频,采用铁心线圈或考虑相位信息与提离的关系后,该方法可有效监控非铁磁性金属薄层的厚度变化. | 李长青 Yaron Danon | 2005 | 无损检测2005，27，9： | 17 |
| 4 | H pylori recurrence after successful eradication显示文摘Recurrence of H pylori after eradication is rare in developed countries and more frequent in developing countries. Recrudescence (recolonization of the same strain within 12 mo after eradication) rather than reinfection (colonization with a new strain, more than 12 mo after eradication) is considered to be responsible for most of the cases. This observation was confirmed only in developed countries, while in developing countries a recent meta-analysis demonstrated a high rate of reinfection. The proportion of H pylori annual recurrence was 2.67% and 13.00% in developed and developing countries, respectively. Nested meta-analysis (only cases with a longer follow-up and a negative 13CUBT a year after eradication) revealed annual recurrence rate of 1.45% [relative risk (RR), 0.54] and 12.00% (RR, 0.92) in developed and developing countries, respectively. These findings support the notion that in developed countries many cases of recurrence are due to recrudescence within the first year after eradication, with a 46% drop in the recurrence rate after the first year post eradication, while in developing countries reinfection is more pronounced, and continue at the same rate since eradication. A different approach for follow-up after H pylori eradication is probably needed in patients of developing countries, since reinfection is highly prevalent. | Yaron Niv | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，10： | 14 |
| 5 | Efficiency of bowel preparation for capsule endoscopy examination:A meta-analysis显示文摘Good preparation before endoscopic procedures is essential for successful visualization. The small bowel is difficult to evaluate because of its length and complex configuration. A meta-analysis was conducted of studies comparing small bowel visualization by capsule endoscopy with and without preparation. Medical data bases were searched for all studies investigating the preparation for capsule endoscopy of the small bowel up to July 31, 2007. Studies that scored bowel cleanness and measured gastric and small bowel transit time and rate of cecum visualization were included. The primary endpoint was the quality of bowel visualization. The secondary endpoints were transit times and proportion of examinations that demonstrated the cecum, with and without preparation. Meta-analysis was performed with StatDirect Statistical software, version 2.6.1 (http:// statsdirect.com). Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Bowel visualization was scored as 'good' in 78% of the examinations performed with preparation and 49% performed without (P < 0.0001). There were no significant differences in transit times or in the proportion of examinations that demonstrated the cecum with and without preparation. Capsule endoscopy preparation improves the quality of small bowel visualization, but has no effect on transit times, or demonstration of the cecum. | Yaron Niv | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，9： | 13 |
| 6 | Immunological mechanisms and therapeutic targets of fatty liver diseases显示文摘Alcoholic liver disease(ALD)and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)are the two major types of chronic liver disease worldwide.Inflammatory processes play key roles in the pathogeneses of fatty liver diseases,and continuous inflammation promotes the progression of alcoholic steatohepatitis(ASH)and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).Although both ALD and NAFLD are closely related to inflammation,their respective developmental mechanisms differ to some extent.Here,we review the roles of multiple immunological mechanisms and therapeutic targets related to the inflammation associated with fatty liver diseases and the differences in the progression of ASH and NASH.Multiple cell types in the liver,including macrophages,neutrophils,other immune cell types and hepatocytes,are involved in fatty liver disease inflammation.In addition,microRNAs(miRNAs),extracellular vesicles(EVs),and complement also contribute to the inflammatory process,as does intertissue crosstalk between the liver and the intestine,adipose tissue,and the nervous system.We point out that inflammation also plays important roles in promoting liver repair and controlling bacterial infections.Understanding the complex regulatory process of disrupted homeostasis during the development of fatty liver diseases may lead to the development of improved targeted therapeutic intervention strategies. | Hua Wang Wajahat Mehal Laura E.Nagy Yaron Rotman | 2021 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2021，18，1： | 10 |
| 7 | Oral immune regulation using colitis extracted proteins for treatment of Crohn's disease: Results of a phase Ⅰ clinical trial显示文摘AIM: To evaluate safety and possible efficacy of induction of oral immune regulation using colitis extracted proteins(CEP) in Crohn's disease (CD) subjects.METHODS: Ten CDs were treated orally with autologous CEP thrice weekly for 16 wk. Subjects were monitored for CDAI and IBDQ. Immune modulatory effect was assessed by T-lymphocyte FACS analysis, CEP-specific IFNγ ELISPOT assay and cytokine levels.RESULTS: Induction of oral immune regulation significantly ameliorated disease activity. All (10/10) subjects had clinical response (CDAI≤70) and 7/10 achieved clinical remission (CDAI≤150). Significant increase in mean IBDQ score was noted (134±9vs 164±12). No treatment-related adverse events were noted. High levels of CEP-specific IFNγ spot forming colonies were detected in five subjects prior to treatment and in all five, a marked decrease was observed. The CD4+/CDS+ lymphocyte ratio and peripheral NKT cell numbers increased significantly, in 7/10 and in 5/10 subjects, respectively. Significant increase in serum IL-10 and IL-4 levels was observed in 7/10 subjects during treatment period.CONCLUSION: Immune regulation via oral administration of CEP is a safe and possibly effective treatment for subjects with moderate CD and may provide means of antigen-specific immune modulation. | Eran Israeli Eran Goldin Oren Shibolet Athalia Klein Nilla Hemed Dean Engelhardt Elazar Rabbani Yaron Ilan | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，20： | 8 |
| 8 | Microsatellite instability and MLH1 promoter hypermethylation in colorectal cancer显示文摘Colorectal cancer (CRC) is caused by a series of genetic or epigenetic changes, and in the last decade there has been an increased awareness that there are multiple forms of colorectal cancer that develop through different pathways. Microsatellite instability is involved in the genesis of about 15% of sporadic colorectal cancers and most of hereditary nonpolyposis cancers. Tumors with a high frequency of microsatellite instability tend to be diploid, to possess a mucinous histology, and to have a surrounding lymphoid reaction. They are more prevalent in the proximal colon and have a fast pass from polyp to cancer. Nevertheless, they are associated with longer survival than stage-matched tumors with microsatellite stability. Resistance of colorectal cancers with a high frequency of microsatellite instability to 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy is well established. Silencing the MLH1 gene expression by its promoter methylation stops the formation of MLH1 protein, and prevents the normal activation of the DNA repair gene. This is an important cause for genomic instability and cell proliferation to the point of colorectal cancer formation. Better knowledge of this process will have a huge impact on colorectal cancer management, prevention, treatment and prognosis. | Yaron Niv | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，12： | 7 |
| 9 | Point-of-care continuous ^(13)C-methacetin breath test improves decision making in acute liver disease: Results of a pilot clinical trial显示文摘AIM: To assess the role of the 13C-methacetin breath test (MBT) in patients with acute liver disease. METHODS: Fifteen patients with severe acute liver disease from diverse etiologies were followed-up with 13C-MBT during the acute phase of their illnesses (range 3-116 d after treatment). Patients fasted for 8 h and ingested 75 mg of methacetin prior to the MBT. We compared results from standard clinical assessment, serum liver enzymes, synthetic function, and breath test scores. RESULTS: Thirteen patients recovered and two patients died. In patients that recovered, MBT parameters improved in parallel with improvements in lab results. Evidence of consistent improvement began on day 3 for MBT parameters and between days 7 and 9 for blood tests. Later convergence to normality occurred at an average of 9 d for MBT parameters and from 13 to 28 d for blood tests. In both patients that died, MBT parameters remained low despite fluctuating laboratory values. CONCLUSION: The 13C-MBT provides a rapid, noninvasive assessment of liver function in acute severe liver disease of diverse etiologies. The results of this pilot clinical trial suggest that the MBT may offer greater sensitivity than standard clinical tests for managing patients with severe acute liver disease. | Gadi Lalazar Tomer Adar Yaron Ilan | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，8： | 6 |
| 10 | Incidence and management of colonoscopic perforations: 8 years' experience显示文摘瞄准:与诊断、治疗学的 colonoscopies 考察一个主要医药教学中心的经验并且估计相关结肠的穿孔的发生和管理。方法:所有 colonoscopies 在 1994 年 1 月之间表现了, 2001 年 12 月被学习。病人, colonoscopic 报告和过程相关的复杂并发症上的数据从部的计算机化的数据库被收集。有柱子的病人的医药记录程序的结肠的穿孔被考察。结果:120067 colonoscopies 的一个总数在学习的 8 年期间被执行。七个 colonoscopic 穿孔(4 女性, 3 男性) 被诊断(0.058%) 。五发生了在期间诊断并且二在治疗学的结肠镜检查期间。六在结肠镜检查以后被怀疑在期间或立即。除了都,一有弥漫的温柔的符号并且经历了立即的操作,主要修理在 4 个病人做。没有死亡被报导。结论:穿孔率在结肠镜检查期间是低的。不过,它是严肃的复杂并发症和它的早识别,治疗是必要的优化结果。在有早起作用的弥漫的腹膜炎的病人,干预使主要修理成为一种安全选择。 | Hagit Tulchinsky Osnat Madhala-Givon Nir Wasserberg Shiomo Lelcuk Yaron Niv | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，26： | 6 |
| 11 | Gastric mucin expression in Helicobacter pylori-related, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-related and idiopathic ulcers显示文摘AIM: To determine the pattern of secreted mucin expression in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-related, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-related and idiopathic gastric ulcers. METHODS: We randomly selected 92 patients with H. pylori-associated (n = 30), NSAID-associated (n = 18), combined H. pylori and NSAID-associated gastric ulcers (n = 24), and patients with idiopathic gastric ulcers (n = 20). Immunohistochemistry for T-cell CD4/CD8, andfor mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) and mucin 6 (MUC6), was performed on sections of the mucosa from the ulcer margin. Inflammation score was assessed according to the Sydney system. RESULTS: MUC5AC was expressed on the surface epithelium (98.9%) and neck glands (98.9%) with minimal expression in the deep glands (6.5%). MUC6 was strongly expressed in the deep glands (97.8%), variable in the neck glands (19.6%) and absent in the surface epithelium (0%). The pattern of mucin expression in idiopathic ulcer margins was not different from the expression in ulcers associated with H. pylori, NSAIDs, or combined H. pylori and NSAIDs. CD4/CD8 ratio was higher in H. pylori-positive patients (P = 0.009). Idiopathic ulcers are associated with hospitalized patients and have higher bleeding and mortality rates. CONCLUSION: Idiopathic ulcers have a unique clinical profile. Gastric mucin expression in idiopathic gastric ulcers is unchanged compared with H. pylori and/or NSAID-associated ulcers. | Doron Boltin Marisa Halpern Zohar Levi Alex Vilkin Sara Morgenstern Samuel B Ho Yaron Niv | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，33： | 5 |
| 12 | MUC1 and colorectal cancer pathophysiology considerations显示文摘Several lines of evidence point towards a biological role of mucin and particularly MUC1 in colorectal cancer. A positive correlation was described between mucin secretion, proliferation, invasiveness, metastasis and bad prognosis. But, the role of MUC1 in cancer progression is still controversial and somewhat confusing. While Mukherjee and colleagues developed MUC1-specific immune therapy in a CRC model, Lillehoj and coinvestigators showed recently that MUC1 inhibits cell proliferation by a β-catenin-dependent mechanism. In carcinoma cells the polarization of MUC1 is lost and the protein is over expressed at high levels over the entire cell surface. A competitive interaction between MUC1 and E-cadherin, through β-catenin binding, disrupts E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell interactions at sites of MUC1 expression. In addition, the complex of MUC1-β-catenin enters the nucleus and activates T-cell factor/leukocyte enhancing factor 1 transcription factors and activates gene expression. This mechanism may be similar to that just described for DCC and UNC5H, which induced apoptosis when not engaged with their ligand netrin, but mediate signals for proliferation, differentiation or migration when ligand bound. | Yaron Niv | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，14： | 5 |
| 13 | Membrane-bound mucins and mucin terminal glycans expression in idiopathic or Helicobacter pylori, NSAID associated peptic ulcers显示文摘AIM:To determine the expression of membrane-bound mucins and glycan side chain sialic acids in Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)-associated,non-steroidal inflammatory drug(NSAID)-associated and idiopathic-gastric ulcers.METHODS:We studied a cohort of randomly selected patients with H.pylori(group 1,n=30),NSAID(group 2,n=18),combined H.pylori and NSAID associated gastric ulcers(group 3,n=24),and patients with idiopathic gastric ulcers(group 4,n=20).Immunohistochemistry for MUC1,MUC4,MUC17,and staining for Erythrina cristagalli agglutinin and Sambucus nigra agglutinin(SNA)lectins was performed on sections from the ulcer margins.RESULTS:Staining intensity of MUC17 was higher in H.pylori ulcers(group 1)than in idiopathic ulcers(group4),11.05±3.67 vs 6.93±4.00 for foveola cells,and10.29±4.67 vs 8.00±3.48 for gland cells,respectively(P<0.0001).In contrast,MUC1 expression was higher in group 4 compared group 1,9.89±4.17 vs 2.93±5.13 in foveola cells and 7.63±4.60 vs 2.57±4.50 for glands,respectively(P<0.0001).SNA lectin staining was increased in group 4,in parallel to elevated MUC1expression,indicating more abundantα2-6 sialylation in that group.CONCLUSION:Cytoplasmic MUC17 staining was sig-nificantly decreased in the cases with idiopathic ulcer.The opposite was observed for both MUC1 and SNA lectin.This observation may reflect important pathogenic mechanisms,since different mucins with altered sialylation patterns may differ in their protection efficiency against acid and pepsin. | Yaron Niv Doron Boltin Marisa Halpern Miriam Cohen Zohar Levi Alex Vilkin Sara Morgenstern Vahig Manugian Erica St Lawrence Pascal Gagneux Sukhwinder Kaur Poonam Sharma Surinder K Batra Samuel B Ho | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，40： | 5 |
| 14 | Gastric stimulation for weight loss显示文摘The prevalence of obesity is growing to epidemic proportions,and there is clearly a need for minimally invasive therapies with few adverse effects that allow for sustained weight loss.Behavior and lifestyle therapy are safe treatments for obesity in the short term,but the durability of the weight loss is limited.Although promising obesity drugs are in development,the currently available drugs lack efficacy or have unacceptable side effects.Surgery leads to long-term weight loss,but it is associated with morbidity and mortality.Gastric electrical stimulation(GES) has received increasing attention as a potential tool for treating obesity and gastrointestinal dysmotility disorders.GES is a promising,minimally invasive,safe,and effective method for treating obesity.External gastric pacing is aimed at alteration of the motility of the gastrointestinal tract in a way that will alter absorption due to alteration of transit time.In addition,data from animal models and preliminary data from human trials suggest a role for the gut-brain axis in the mechanism of GES.This may involve alteration of secretion of hormones associated with hunger or satiety.Patient selection for gastric stimulation therapy seems to be an important determinant of the treatment's outcome.Here,we review the current status,potential mechanisms of action,and possible future applications of gastric stimulation for obesity. | Meir Mizrahi Ami Ben Ya'acov Yaron Ilan | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，19： | 4 |
| 15 | Mucin gene expression in bile of patients with and without gallstone disease,collected by endoscopic retrograde cholangiography显示文摘AIM:To investigate the pattern of mucin expression and concentration in bile obtained during endoscopic retrograde cholangiography(ERC) in relation to gallstone disease.METHODS:Bile samples obtained at ERC from 29 consecutive patients,17 with and 12 without gallstone disease were evaluated for mucin content by gel filtration on a Sepharose CL-4B column.Dot blot analysis for bile mucin apoproteins was performed with antibodies to Mucin 1(MUC1) ,MUC2,MUC3,MUC5AC,MUC5B and MUC6.Staining intensity score(0-3) was used as a measure of antigen expression.RESULTS:MUC1,MUC2,MUC3,MUC5AC,MUC5B and MUC6 were demonstrated in 34.4%,34.4%,51.7%,51.7%,55.1% and 27.5% of bile samples,respectively.The staining intensity scores were 0.62 ± 0.94,0.58 ± 0.90,0.79 ± 0.97,1.06 ± 1.22,1.20 ± 1.26 and 0.41 ± 0.73,respectively.Mean mucin concentration measured in bile by the Sepharose CL-4B method was 22.8 ± 24.0 mg/mL(range 3.4-89.0 mg/mL) .Mean protein concentration was 8.1 ± 4.8 mg/mL(range 1.7-23.2 mg/mL) .CONCLUSION:High levels of MUC3,MUC5AC and MUC5B are expressed in bile aspirated during ERC examination.A specific pattern of mucin gene expression or change in mucin concentration was not found in gallstone disease. | Alexander Vilkin Alex Geller Zohar Levi Yaron Niv | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，19： | 4 |
| 16 | Helicobacter pylori and gastric mucin expression: A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘AIM: To investigate the relationship between Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) and mucin expression in gastric mucosa.METHODS: English Medical literature searches were conducted for gastric mucin expression in H. pylori infected people vs uninfected people. Searches wereperformed up to December 31 th 2014,using MEDLINE,Pub Med,EMBASE,Scopus,and CENTRAL. Studies comparing mucin expression in the gastric mucosa in patients positive and negative for H. pylori infection,were included. Meta-analysis was performed by using Comprehensive meta-analysis software(Version 3,Biostat Inc.,Englewood,NJ,United States). Pooled odds ratios(ORs) and 95% confidence intervals(CIs) were calculated compared mucin expression in individual studies by using the random effects model. Heterogeneity between studies was evaluated using the Cochran Q-test,and it was considered to be present if the Q-test P value was less than 0.10. I2 statistic was used to measure the proportion of inconsistency in individual studies,with I2 > 50% representing substantial heterogeneity. We also calculated a potential publication bias.RESULTS: Eleven studies,which represent 53 substudies of 15 different kinds of mucin expression,were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Every kind of mucin has been considered as one study. When a specific mucin has been studied in more than one paper,we combined the results in a nested metaanalysis of this particular mucin: MUC2,MUC6,STn,Paradoxical con A,Tn,T,Type 1 chain mucin,Le A,SLe A,Le B,AB-PAS,MUC1,and MUC5 AC. The odds ratio of mucin expression in random analysis was 2.33,95%CI: 1.230-4.411,P = 0.009,higher expression in H. pylori infected patients. Odds ratio for mucin expression in H. pylori positive patients was higher for MUC6(9.244,95%CI: 1.567-54.515,P = 0.014),and significantly lower for MUC5AC(0.447,95%CI: 0.211-0.949,P = 0.036). Thus,H. pylori infection may increase MUC6 expression and decrease MUC5 AC expression by 924% and 52%,respectively.CONCLUSION: H. pylori inhibits MUC5 AC expression in the gastric epithelium,and facilitates colonization. In contrast,increased MUC6 expression may help inhibiting colonization,using MUC6 antibiotics properties. | Yaron Niv | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，31： | 4 |
| 17 | Cabozantinib in Progressive Medullary Thyroid Cancer显示文摘 | Rossella Elisei Martin J. Schlumberger Stefan P. Müller Patrick Sch?ffski Marcia S. Brose Manisha H. Shah Lisa Licitra Barbara Jarzab Viktor Medvedev Michael C. Kreissl Bruno Niederle Ezra E.W. Cohen Lori J. Wirth Haythem Ali Colin Hessel Yifah Yaron Doug | 2013 | Journal of Clinical Oncology2013，，29： | 3 |
| 18 | Oral administration of a non-absorbable plant cellexpressed recombinant anti-TNF fusion protein induces immunomodulatory effects and alleviates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis显示文摘AIM To evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of oral administration of PRX-106 in the high-fat diet model.METHODS For 22 wk, C57BL/6 HFD-fed mice received daily oral treatments with BY-2 cells expressing recombinant antitumor necrosis factor alpha fusion protein(PRX-106). Mice were followed for serum liver enzyme and triglyceride levels, liver histology and intrahepatic and systemic FACS.RESULTS The orally administered non-absorbable PRX-106 w a s b i o l o g i c a l l y a c t i v e. A l t e r e d d i s t r i b u t i o n o f CD4+CD25+Fox P3+ between the liver and spleen and an increase in the intrasplenic-to-intrahepatic CD4+CD25+Fox P3+ ratio and a decrease in the intrasplenic-to-intrahepatic CD8+CD25+Fox P3+ ratio were observed. An increase in intrahepatic NKT cells and a decrease in the intrasplenic-to-intrahepatic NKT ratio were noted. Assessment of the CD4-to-CD8 ratios showed sequestration of CD8+ lymphocytes in the liver. These effects were associated with a decrease in serum triglyceride levels, decrease in the aspartate aminotransferase levels, serum glucose levels, and HOMA-IR score. A decrease in hepatic triglycerides content was observed in the high dose-treated mice.CONCLUSION Orally administered PRX-106 shows biological activity and exerts an immunomodulatory effect, alleviating liver damage. The data suggest that PRX-106 may provide an oral immunotherapy for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. | Yaron Ilan Ami Ben Ya'acov Yehudit Shabbat Svetlana Gingis-Velitski Einat Almon Yoseph Shaaltiel | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，39： | 3 |
| 19 | Complete polarization control in multimode fibers with polarization and mode coupling显示文摘Multimode optical fibers have seen increasing applications in communication,imaging,high-power lasers,and amplifiers.However,inherent imperfections and environmental perturbations cause random polarization and mode mixing,causing the output polarization states to be different from the input polarization states.This difference poses a serious issue for employing polarization-sensitive techniques to control light–matter interactions or nonlinear optical processes at the distal end of a fiber probe.Here,we demonstrate complete control of polarization states for all output channels by only manipulating the spatial wavefront of a laser beam into the fiber.Arbitrary polarization states for individual output channels are generated by wavefront shaping without constraining the input polarization.The strong coupling between the spatial and polarization degrees of freedom in a multimode fiber enables full polarization control with the spatial degrees of freedom alone;thus,wavefront shaping can transform a multimode fiber into a highly efficient reconfigurable matrix of waveplates for imaging and communication applications. | Wen Xiong Chia Wei Hsu Yaron Bromberg Jose Enrique Antonio-Lopez Rodrigo Amezcua Correa Hui Cao | 2018 | Light(Science & Applications)2018，7，1： | 3 |
| 20 | Oral mixture of autologous colon-extracted proteins for the Crohn's disease: A double-blind trial显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of oral administration of AlequelTM, an autologous proteincontaining colon extract.a randomized,placebo-controlled,double-blind trial.Patients were orally administered with autologous protein-containing colon extract three doses of autologous study drug per week for 15 wk,for a total of45 doses.Patients were followed for safety parameters.Remission was defined as a Crohn’s disease activity index(CDAI)score of less than or equal to 150.All patients were followed for changes in subsets of T cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis.RESULTS:Analysis was performed on a total number of evaluable patients of 14 in the study drug group and15 in the placebo group.Treatment was well tolerated by all patients.No major treatment-related adverse events were reported or observed in any of the treated patients during the feeding or follow-up periods.Between weeks 6 and 9 of the study,six of the 14(43%)evaluable subjects who received the study drug achieved a CDAI of 150 or lower.In contrast,five of the 15(33%)evaluable subjects in the placebo group achieved remission.Between weeks 9 and 12,the remission rates were 50%and 33%for the drug group and placebo group,respectively.Among the drug-treated subjects who achieved remission,the effect of the drug was judged as stable in eight of the 14 subjects as measured by at least two CDAI scores indicating remission in the 15-wk treatment period.A decreased percentage of peripheral natural killer T regulatory cells(a decrease of 28%vs an increase of 16%)and an increased ratio of CD4+/CD8+T lymphocytes(an increase of 11%vs a decrease of9%)were noted in subjects with a significant clinical response.CONCLUSION:Oral administration of the autologous colonic extract could be a safe and effective for the treatment of patients with moderate to severe Crohn’s disease. | Eran Israeli Ehud Zigmond Gadi Lalazar Athalia Klein Nilla Hemed Eran Goldin Yaron Ilan | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，18： | 3 |
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