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| 1 | Mapping wetland changes in China between 1978 and 2008显示文摘Four wetland maps for all China have been produced,based on Landsat and CBERS-02B remote sensing data between 1978 and 2008 (1978,1990,2000 and 2008).These maps were mainly developed by manual interpretation and validated by substantial field investigation in 2009.Based on these maps,we analyzed the 2008 wetland distribution in China and discussed wetland changes and their drivers over the past 30 years.(i) There were about 324097 km 2 of wetlands in 2008,for which inland marshes or swamps were the most common wetland type (35%),with lakes (26%) second.Most of the wetlands were in Heilongjiang,Inner Mongolia,Qinghai and Tibet,occupying about 55% of the national wetland area.(ii) From 1978 to 2008,China's wetland area continually and significantly decreased,by about 33% based on changes in the wetland map.This was in sharp contrast to the increase in artificial wetlands,which increased by about 122%.Inland marshes accounted for the main loss of total wetlands from 1978 to 2000.From 2000 through 2008,riverine and lacustrine wetlands constituted the main wetland loss.Fortunately however,the rate of wetland loss decreased from 5523 to 831 km 2 /a.(iii) The change ratio of lost natural wetlands (including inland and coastal wetlands) to non-wetlands has decreased slightly over the past 30 years.From 1978 to 1990,nearly all natural wetlands (98%) lost were transformed into non-wetlands.However,the ratio declined to 86% from 1990 to 2000,and to 77% from 2000 to 2008.(iv) All Chinese provinces were divided into three groups according to patterns of wetland changes,which could relate to the driving forces of such changes.Tibet was completely different from other provinces,as it was one representative example in which there was a net wetland increase,because of global warming and decreased human activity since 1990.Increased economic development caused considerable wetland loss in most eastern provinces,and artificial wetlands increased. | NIU ZhenGuo ZHANG HaiYing WANG XianWei YAO WenBo ZHOU DeMin ZHAO KuiYi ZHAO Hui LI NaNa HUANG HuaBing LI CongCong YANG Jun LIU CaiXia LIU Shuang WANG Lin LI Zhan YANG ZhenZhong QIAO Fei ZHENG YaoMin CHEN YanLei SHENG YongWei GAO XiaoHong ZHU WeiHong WANG WenQing WANG Hong WENG YongLing ZHUANG DaFang LIU JiYuan LUO ZhiCai CHENG Xiao GUO ZiQi GONG Peng | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，22： | 51 |
| 2 | Emergence and prevalence of naturally occurring lower virulent African swine fever viruses in domestic pigs in China in 2020显示文摘African swine fever virus(ASFV)has been circulating in China for more than two years,and it is not clear whether the biological properties of the virus have changed.Here,we report on our surveillance of ASFVs in seven provinces of China,from June to December,2020.A total of 22 viruses were isolated and characterized as genotype II ASFVs,with mutations,deletions,insertions,or short-fragment replacement occurring in all isolates compared with Pig/HLJ/2018(HLJ/18),the earliest isolate in China.Eleven isolates had four different types of natural mutations or deletion in the EP402R gene and displayed a nonhemadsorbing(non-HAD)phenotype.Four isolates were tested for virulence in pigs;two were found to be as highly lethal as HLJ/18.However,two non-HAD isolates showed lower virulence but were highly transmissible;infection with 106 TCID50 dose was partially lethal and caused acute or sub-acute disease,whereas 103 TCID50 dose caused non-lethal,sub-acute or chronic disease,and persistent infection.The emergence of lower virulent natural mutants brings greater difficulty to the early diagnosis of ASF and creates new challenges for ASFV control. | Encheng Sun Zhenjiang Zhang Zilong Wang Xijun He Xianfeng Zhang Lulu Wang Wenqing Wang Lianyu Huang Fei Xi Haoyue Huangfu Ghebremedhin Tsegay Hong Huo Jianhong Sun Zhijun Tian Wei Xia Xuewu Yu Fang Li Renqiang Liu Yuntao Guan Dongming Zhao Zhigao Bu | 2021 | Science China(Life Sciences)2021，64，5： | 46 |
| 3 | Recent progresses in mangrove conservation,restoration and research in China显示文摘Aims In this paper,we highlighted some key progresses in mangrove conservation,restoration and research in China during last two decades.Methods Based on intensive literature review,we compared the distribution and areas of existing mangroves among selected provinces of China,discussed the issues associated with mangrove conservation and restoration and highlighted major progresses on mangrove research conducted by key institutions or universities in China's Mainland,Hong Kong,Taiwan and Macao.Important findings The population boom and rapid economic developments have greatly reduced mangrove areas in China since 1980s,leaving only 22700 ha mangroves in China's Mainland in 2001.Chinese government has launched a series of programs to protect mangroves since 1980s and has established mangrove ecosystems as high-priority areas for improving environmental and living resource management.During last three decades,a total of 34 natural mangrove conservation areas have been established,which accounts for 80%of the total existing mangroves areas in China.Mangrove restoration areas in China' Mainland accounted for<7%of the total mangroves areas in 2002.A great deal of research papers on Chinese mangroves has been published in international journals.However,more systematic protection strategies and active restoration measurements are still urgently needed in order to preserve these valuable resources in China. | Luzhen Chen Wenqing Wang Yihui Zhang Guanghui Lin | 2009 | Journal of Plant Ecology2009，2，2： | 42 |
| 4 | Mercury removal from coal combustion flue gas by modified fly ash显示文摘Fly ash is a potential alternative to activated carbon for mercury adsorption. The effects of physicochemical properties on the mercury adsorption performance of three fly ash samples were investigated. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and other methods were used to characterize the samples. Results indicate that mercury adsorption on fly ash is primarily physisorption and chemisorption. High specific surface areas and small pore diameters are beneficial to efficient mercury removal. Incompletely burned carbon is also an important factor for the improvement of mercury removal efficiency, in particular. The C-M bond, which is formed by the reaction of C and Ti, Si and other elements, may improve mercury oxidation. The samples modified with CuBr2 , CuCl 2 and FeCl3 showed excellent performance for Hg removal, because the chlorine in metal chlorides acts as an oxidant that promotes the conversion of elemental mercury (Hg0) into its oxidized form (Hg2+). Cu2+ and Fe3+ can also promote Hg 0 oxidation as catalysts. HCl and O2 promote the adsorption of Hg by modified fly ash, whereas SO2 inhibits the Hg adsorption because of competitive adsorption for active sites. Fly ash samples modified with CuBr2 , CuCl2 and FeCl3 are therefore promising materials for controlling mercury emissions. | Wenqing Xu Hairui Wang Tingyu Zhu Junyan Kuang Pengfei Jing | 2013 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2013，25，2： | 39 |
| 5 | On the tuning of electrical and thermal transport in thermoelectrics: an integrated theory–experiment perspective显示文摘During the last two decades,we have witnessed great progress in research on thermoelectrics.There are two primary focuses.One is the fundamental understanding of electrical and thermal transport,enabled by the interplay of theory and experiment;the other is the substantial enhancement of the performance of various thermoelectric materials,through synergistic optimisation of those intercorrelated transport parameters.Here we review some of the successful strategies for tuning electrical and thermal transport.For electrical transport,we start from the classical but still very active strategy of tuning band degeneracy(or band convergence),then discuss the engineering of carrier scattering,and finally address the concept of conduction channels and conductive networks that emerge in complex thermoelectric materials.For thermal transport,we summarise the approaches for studying thermal transport based on phonon–phonon interactions valid for conventional solids,as well as some quantitative efforts for nanostructures.We also discuss the thermal transport in complex materials with chemical-bond hierarchy,in which a portion of the atoms(or subunits)are weakly bonded to the rest of the structure,leading to an intrinsic manifestation of part-crystalline part-liquid state at elevated temperatures.In this review,we provide a summary of achievements made in recent studies of thermoelectric transport properties,and demonstrate how they have led to improvements in thermoelectric performance by the integration of modern theory and experiment,and point out some challenges and possible directions. | Jiong Yang Lili Xi Wujie Qiu Lihua Wu Xun Shi Lidong Chen Jihui Yang Wenqing Zhang Ctirad Uher David J Singh | 2016 | npj Computational Materials2016，，1： | 24 |
| 6 | Identification of long-range transport pathways and potential sources of PM2.5 and PM10 in Beijing from 2014 to 2015显示文摘Trajectory clustering, potential source contribution function(PSCF) and concentration-weighted trajectory(CWT) methods were applied to investigate the transport pathways and identify potential sources of PM_(2.5)and PM_(10) in different seasons from June 2014 to May 2015 in Beijing.The cluster analyses showed that Beijing was affected by trajectories from the south and southeast in summer and autumn. In winter and spring, Beijing was not only affected by the trajectories from the south and southeast, but was also affected by trajectories from the north and northwest. In addition, the analyses of the pressure profile of backward trajectories showed that backward trajectories, which have important influence on Beijing, were mainly distributed above 970 h Pa in summer and autumn and below 950 h Pa in spring and winter. This indicates that PM_(2.5)and PM_(10) were strongly affected by the near surface air masses in summer and autumn and by high altitude air masses in winter and spring. Results of PSCF and CWT analyses showed that the largest potential source areas were identified in spring, followed by winter and autumn,then summer. In addition, potential source regions of PM_(10) were similar to those of PM_(2.5). There were a clear seasonal and spatial variation of the potential source areas of Beijing and the airflow in the horizontal and vertical directions. Therefore, more effective regional emission reduction measures in Beijing's surrounding provinces should be implemented to reduce emissions of regional sources in different seasons. | Deping Li Jianguo Liu Jiaoshi Zhang Huaqiao Gui Peng Du Tongzhu Yu Jie Wang Yihuai Lu Wenqing Liu Yin Cheng | 2017 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2017，29，6： | 22 |
| 7 | The Reference Genome Sequence of Scutellaria baicalensis Provides Insights into the Evolution of Wogonin Biosynthesis显示文摘Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is important in Chinese traditional medicine where preparations of dried roots,'Huang Qin,' are used for liver and lung complaints and as complementary cancer treatments. We report a high-quality reference genome sequence for S. baicalensis where 93% of the 408.14-Mb genome has been assembled into nine pseudochromosomes with a super-N50 of 33.2 Mb. Comparison of this sequence with those of closely related species in the order Lamiales, sesamum indicum and Salvia splendens,revealed that a specialized metabolic pathway for the synthesis of 4'-deoxyflavone bioactives evolved in the genus Scu-tellaria. We found that the gene encoding a specific cinnamate coenzyme A ligase likely obtained its newfunc- tion following recent mutations, and that four genes encoding enzymes in the 4'-deoxyflavone pathway are present as tandem repeats in the genome of S. baicalensis. Further analyses revealed that gene duplications, segmental duplication, gene amplification, and point mutations coupled to gene neo- and subfunctionaliza-tions were involved in the evolution of 4'-deoxyflavone synthesis in the genus Scutellaria. Our study not only provides significant insight into the evolution of specific flavone biosynthetic pathways in the mint family, Lamiaceae, but also will facilitate the development of tools for enhancing bioactive productivity by metabolic engineering in microbes or by molecular breeding in plants. The reference genome of S. baicalensis is also useful for improving the genome assemblies for other members of the mint family and offers an important foundation for decoding the synthetic pathways of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants. | Qing Zhao Jun Yang Meng-Ying Cui Jie Liu Yumin Fang Mengxiao Yan Wenqing Qiu Huiwen Shang Zhicheng Xu Reheman Yidiresi Jing-Ke Weng Tomas Pluskal Marielle Vigouroux Burkhard Steuernagel Yukun Wei Lei Yang Yonghong Hu Xiao-Ya Chen Cathie Martin | 2019 | Molecular Plant2019，12，7： | 23 |
| 8 | Screening for gastric cancer in China:Advances,challenges and visions显示文摘Gastric cancer(GC)is one of the major cancers in China and all over the world.Most GCs are diagnosed at an advanced stage with unfavorable prognosis.Along with some other countries,China has developed the government-funded national screening programs for GC and other major cancers.GC screening has been shown to effectively decrease the incidence of and mortality from GC in countries adopting nationwide screening programs(Japan and Korea)and in studies based on selected Chinese populations.The screening of GC relies mostly on gastroendoscopy,the accuracy,reliability and safety of which have been indicated by previous studies.However,considering its invasive screening approach,requirements on skilled endoscopists and pathologists,and a high cost,developing noninvasive methods to amend endoscopic screening would be highly needed.Numerous studies have examined biomarkers for GC screening and the combination of biomarkers involving pepsinogen,gastrin,and Helicobacter pylori antibodies has been proposed for risk stratification,seeking to narrow down the high-risk populations for further endoscopy.Despite all the achievements of endoscopic screening,evidence on appropriate screening age,intervals for repeated screening,novel biomarkers promoting precision prevention,and health economics need to be accumulated to inform policymakers on endoscopic screening in China.With the guide of Health China 2030 Planning Outline,we have golden opportunities to promote prevention and control of GC.In this review,we summarize the characteristics of screening programs in China and other East Asian countries and introduce the past and current approaches and strategies for GC screening,aiming for featuring the latest advances and key challenges,and illustrating future visions of GC screening. | Xiaohan Fan Xiangxiang Qin Yang Zhang Zhexuan Li Tong Zhou Jingying Zhang Weicheng You Wenqing Li Kaifeng Pan | 2021 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2021，33，2： | 21 |
| 9 | An overview of the use of plastic-film mulching in China to increase crop yield and water-use efficiency显示文摘Since 1990,crop yields have stagnated in many parts of the world,posing a significant challenge to global food security[1].As such;innovative solutions are needed to increase the resource-use efficiency of cropping systems to produce more grains per unit area. | Dongbao Sun Haigang Li Enli Wang Wenqing He Weiping Hao Changrong Yan Yuzhong Li Xurong Mei Yanqing Zhang Zhanxiang Sun Zhikuan Jia Huaiping Zhou Tinglu Fan Xucheng Zhang Qin Liu Fengju Wang Chaochun Zhang Jianbo Shen Qingsuo Wang Fusuo Zhang | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，10： | 19 |
| 10 | Utilization of polysaccharides as depressants for the flotation separation of copper/lead concentrate显示文摘The interaction mechanism between dextrin and minerals has been investigated through micro-flotation, adsorption density measurements, Fourier transform infrared ray (FTIR) spectroscopic studies and dissolution tests. Dextrin shows a good depressing action towards galena but not chalcopyrite. FTIR spectroscopic studies indicate that dextrin chemically adsorbed on galena surface in alkaline pH range. Dissolution tests confirm leaching action of metal ions from chalcopyrite and galena surfaces, and dextrin-lead ion interaction. Adsorption measurements present that the higher adsorption density of O-isopropyl-N-ethyl thionocarbamate (IPETC) onto chalcopyrite than that onto galena, and IPETC adsorbed on galena decrease with increasing dextrin concentrations in the presence of dextrin, attesting the flotation results. | Qin Wenqing Wei Qian Jiao Fen Yang Congren Liu Ruizeng Wang Peipei Ke Lifang | 2013 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2013，23，2： | 16 |
| 11 | A structural view of the antibiotic degradation enzyme NDM-1 from a superbug显示文摘Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae with resistance to carbapenem conferred by New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1(NDM-1)are a type of newly discovered antibioticresistant bacteria.The rapid pandemic spread of NDM-1 bacteria worldwide(spreading to India,Pakistan,Europe,America,and Chinese Taiwan)in less than 2 months characterizes these microbes as a potentially major global health problem.The drug resistance of NDM-1 bacteria is largely due to plasmids containing the blaNDM-1 gene shuttling through bacterial populations.The NDM-1 enzyme encoded by the blaNDM-1 gene hydrolyzes β-lactam antibiotics,allowing the bacteria to escape the action of antibiotics.Although the biological functions and structural features of NDM-1 have been proposed according to results from functional and structural investigation of its homologues,the precise molecular characteristics and mechanism of action of NDM-1 have not been clarified.Here,we report the threedimensional structure of NDM-1 with two catalytic zinc ions in its active site.Biological and mass spectroscopy results revealed that D-captopril can effectively inhibit the enzymatic activity of NDM-1 by binding to its active site with high binding affinity.The unique features concerning the primary sequence and structural conformation of the active site distinguish NDM-1 from other reported metallo-β-lactamases(MBLs)and implicate its role in wide spectrum drug resistance.We also discuss the molecular mechanism of NDM-1 action and its essential role in the pandemic of drug-resistant NDM-1 bacteria.Our results will provide helpful information for future drug discovery targeting drug resistance caused by NDM-1 and related metallo-β-lactamases. | Yu Guo Jing Wang Guojun Niu Wenqing Shui Yuna Sun Honggang Zhou Yaozhou Zhang Cheng Yang Zhiyong Lou Zihe Rao | 2011 | Protein & Cell2011，2，5： | 16 |
| 12 | COVID-19 Outbreak Caused by Contaminated Packaging of Imported Cold-Chain Products—Liaoning Province,China,July 2020显示文摘Summary What is known about this topic?Few major outbreaks of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)have occurred in China after major nonpharmaceutical interventions and vaccines have been deployed and implemented.However,sporadic outbreaks that had high possibility to be linked to cold chain products were reported in several cities of China..What is added by this report?In July 2020,a COVID-19 outbreak occurred in Dalian,China.The investigations of this outbreak strongly suggested that the infection source was from COVID-19 virus-contaminated packaging of frozen seafood during inbound unloading personnel contact.What are the implications for public health practice?Virus contaminated paper surfaces could maintain infectivity for at least 17–24 days at-25℃.Exposure to COVID-19 virus-contaminated surfaces is a potential route for introducing the virus to a susceptible population.Countries with no domestic transmission of COVID-19 should consider introducing prevention strategies for both inbound travellers and imported goods.Several measures to prevent the introduction of the virus via cold-chain goods can be implemented. | Huilai Ma1 Jianqun Zhang Ji Wang Ying Qin Cao Chen Yang Song Liang Wang Jun Meng Lingling Mao Fengqin Li Ning Li Jian Cai Yong Zhang Dayan Wang Yunting Xia Hong Wang Shaofeng Jiang Xiang Zhao Peihua Niu Wenjie Tan Tao Ma Yecheng Yao Naiying Mao Zhen Zhu Tianjiao Ji Qian Yang Baoying Huang Li Zhao Jianxing Yu Li Bai Shuangli Zhu Dongyan Wang Yan Zhang Yingwei Sun Mingchun Luan Yanhai Wang Haibo Sun Shihong Yang Zhijian Bo Xiang Ren Zhongjie Li George Fu Gao Wei Yao Wenqing Yao Zijian Feng Wenbo Xu | 2021 | China CDC weekly2021，3，21： | 16 |
| 13 | Hydropower reservoirs on the upper Mekong River modify nutrient bioavailability downstream显示文摘Hydropower development is the key strategy in many developing countries for energy supply,climate-change mitigation and economic development.However,it is commonly assumed that river dams retain nutrients and therefore reduce downstream primary productivity and fishery catches,compromising food security and causing trans-boundary disputes.Contrary to expectation,here we found that a cascade of reservoirs along the upper Mekong River increased downstream bioavailability of nitrogen andphosphorus.The dams caused phytoplankton density to increase with hydraulic residence time and stratification of the stagnant reservoirs caused hypoxia at depth.This allowed the release of bioavailable phosphorus from the sediment and an increase in dissolved inorganic nitrogen as well as a shift in nitrogen species from nitrate to ammonium,which were transported downstream by the discharge of water from the base of the dam.Our findings provide a new perspective on the environmental impacts of river dams on nutrient cycling and ecosystem functioning,with potential implications for sustainable development of hydropower worldwide. | Qiuwen Chen Wenqing Shi Jef Huisman Stephen C.Maberly Jianyun Zhang Juhua Yu Yuchen Chen Daniele Tonina Qitao Yi | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，9： | 15 |
| 14 | Effect of sodium pyrophosphate on the flotation separation of chalcopyrite from galena显示文摘The effect of sodium pyrophosphate (SPH) on the separation of chalcopyrite from galena was examined through flotation, adsorption, electrokinetic studies and infrared spectral analysis. Differential flotation tests indicate that satisfactory separation can be achieved within the pH range from 2.5 to 6 using SPH to depress the galena, but not the chalcopyrite when O-isopropyl-N-ethyl thionocarbamate (IPETC) is used as the collector. The electrophoretic mobilities of both the minerals dramatically become negatively charged following SPH adsorption in the pH range from 2.5 to 12. The infrared spectral analysis suggests that chemical adsorption occurs on galena surface treated by SPH, indicating that a chelate complex has formed. At weakly acidic pH values, the adsorption density of IPETC onto galena is significantly reduced in the presence of SPH. However, the amount of IPETC adsorbed onto chalcopyrite almost remains at the same level. Since the observed adsorption density of IEPTC onto chalcopyrite is quite high compared to galena, the observed flotation results are explained. A possible mechanism for the interaction between the two sulphide minerals and SPH is discussed. | Qin Wenqing Wei Qian Jiao Fen Li Ning Wang Peipei Ke Lifang | 2012 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2012，22，3： | 15 |
| 15 | Haze observations by simultaneous lidar and WPS in Beijing before and during APEC, 2014显示文摘We present combined Mie lidar, ozone lidar and wide-range particle spectrometer observations which were carried out in Beijing, north China during two periods—one haze period before the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC) meeting and one moderate pollution period during the meeting in 2014. High extinction coefficient, moderate ozone concentration and variable particle number concentration were obtained throughout the first haze observation period. The mean extinction coefficients in the two pollution periods were 0.52 and 0.23 km?1, respectively, at 532 nm. The ozone concentration during the first haze phase was more various with a higher average value of 49 ppb compared with that in the second pollution observations(32 ppb). Compared with the same metrological condition occurring at the end of October, the sharply decreased aerosol extinction coefficient and ozone concentration show the effectiveness of the emission-cutting measures implemented during APEC in November. The comparison of aerosols and ozone in different heights indicate different pollution sources and the complicated ozone process of generation and disappearance. The correlation between the scattering coefficient and particle number concentrations of various diameter depended on the ambient humidity. Especially the particle number concentration(500 nm–1 ?m) contributed most to PM2.5 concentration. The four-day back trajectories from a Hybrid Single-particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory(HYSPLIT) model indicate that the air masses in the lower boundary layer before and during APEC were advected from the densely populated south regions of China and the long pollution transportation passing through northern China. | Zhenyi Chen Jiaoshi Zhang Tianshu Zhang Wenqing Liu Jianguo Liu | 2015 | Science China Chemistry2015，58，9： | 14 |
| 16 | Deep Learning Based 2D Human Pose Estimation:A Survey显示文摘Human pose estimation has received significant attention recently due to its various applications in the real world. As the performance of the state-of-the-art human pose estimation methods can be improved by deep learning, this paper presents a comprehensive survey of deep learning based human pose estimation methods and analyzes the methodologies employed. We summarize and discuss recent works with a methodologybased taxonomy. Single-person and multi-person pipelines are first reviewed separately. Then, the deep learning techniques applied in these pipelines are compared and analyzed. The datasets and metrics used in this task are also discussed and compared. The aim of this survey is to make every step in the estimation pipelines interpretable and to provide readers a readily comprehensible explanation. Moreover, the unsolved problems and challenges for future research are discussed. | Qi Dang Jianqin Yin Bin Wang Wenqing Zheng | 2019 | Tsinghua Science and Technology2019，24，6： | 14 |
| 17 | Effects of herbivore-induced rice volatiles on the host selection behavior of brown planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens显示文摘It has been suggested that herbivore would react to volatiles produced by herbivore infested plant due to potential change, either positive or negative, in the acceptability of the host plant. This hypothesis was tested for the brown planthopper (BPH) in the laboratory. Sixteen components of the headspace volatiles from rice seedlings with different treatments were collected with SPME and Tenax-TA trap and analyzed with GC and GC-MS. Significant differences in volatile emissions were observed for rice plants with different treatments. Undamaged control plants, mechanically damaged plants and the plants infested by BPH for 1 or 2 d emitted much lower amounts of volatiles compared to the plants infested by BPH for 3 or 5 d. The plants infested by BPH for 3 or 5 d emitted several volatiles that were not detected in undamaged control plants, mechanically damaged plants or the plants infested by BPH for 1 or 2 d. Spodoptera litura infested plants released much higher amounts of volatiles than those in all | XU Tao ZHOU Qiang XIA Qiang ZHANG Wenqing ZHANG Guren GU Dexiang | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，16： | 13 |
| 18 | Different properties of GaN-based LED grown on Si(111) and transferred onto new substrate显示文摘InGaN MQW LEDs, grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) on Si(111) substrates, were successfully bonded and transferred onto new Si substrate. After chemical etching Si(111) substrate and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching the transferred LED film to Si-doped layer, a vertical structure GaN blue LEDs were then fabricated. The characteristics of the lateral structure LED (grown on Si) and the vertical structure LED (bonded on Si) were investigated. It shows the performance of ver- tical structure LEDs had obviously been improved compared to the lateral structure LEDs and the tensile stress in GaN layer of vertical structure LEDs is smaller than that in lateral structure LEDs. | XIONG Chuanbing JIANG Fengyi FANG Wenqing WANG Li LIU Hechu MO Chunnan | 2006 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2006，49，3： | 12 |
| 19 | Transduction of the Hedgehog signal through the dimerization of Fused and the nuclear translocation of Cubitus interruptus显示文摘分泌蛋白质的刺猬(Hh ) 家庭为在脊椎动物和无脊椎动物的开发是必要的。作为主要 morphogens 之一在后生动物的开发期间,分级的 Hh 信号通过它的细胞质的尾巴的微分 phosphorylation 是越过由 Smoothened (Smo ) 的血浆膜的 transduced,导致小径激活和目标基因的微分表达式。然而,怎么 Smo transduces 经由建筑群糟糕仍然是的 Costal2 (Cos2 )/Fused (Fu ) 的分级的 Hh 信号理解。这里我们在场对由翻译 Smo phosphorylation 信息到 Fu dimerization 和肘脉 interruptus (Ci ) 的一个 Hh 坡度的房间反应的一个模型原子本地化信息。我们的调查结果建议 Smo 的 phosphorylated C 终点招募 Cos2/Fu 建筑群到通过在 Smo 和 Cos2 之间的相互作用的膜,它进一步导致 Fu dimerization。使聚合成二聚物的 Fu 是 phosphorylated 和 transduces 由 phosphorylating Cos2 和 Fu (苏(fu )) 的 Suppressor 的 Hh 信号。我们进一步证明这个过程支持全身的 Ci (Ci155 ) 和 Cos2 或苏(fu ) 的分离,并且导致 Ci155 的 translocation 进原子核,激活目标基因的表示。 | Yanyan Zhang Feifei Mao Yi Lu Wenqing Wu Lei Zhang Yun Zhao | 2011 | Cell Research2011，21，10： | 12 |
| 20 | The boundary layer characteristics in the heavy fog formation process over Beijing and its adjacent areas显示文摘By utilizing the Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) observational data made available from the project '973' under the auspices of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China - entitled the Beijing City Air Pollution Observation Field Experiment (BECAPEX), including the measurements by a wind profiler, captive airships, tower-based boundary layer wind and temperature gradient observational instruments (ultrasonic anemometers and electronic thermometers), air composition samplers, conventional upper-air, surface and Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) observations, this paper herewith analyzes, in a comprehensive manner, the occurrence of a heavy fog event over Beijing in February 2001, including its formation, development, persistence, dynamic and thermodynamic features as well as evolving stratification structures within the boundary layer at different stages. The results suggested: (i) as a typical case of urban heavy fog, before the fog onset over Beijing, a temperature inversion existed in the lower atmosphere, the smokes and the pollutants like SO2 and NO2 had been accumulated at a lower level. Proceeding the fog event, with the increase of SO2 and NO2 concentrations, condensability increased sharply. On the contrary, during the fog process, with increasing condensability, SO2 and NO2 concentrations decreased. This indicated that, acting as condensation nucleus, these accumulated pollutants were playing a key role in catalyzing the fog condensation. (ii) By analyzing mean gradient-, pulsation- and turbulence-distribution patterns derived from the wind measurements taken by the aforementioned tower-based instruments, they all indicated that about 10 hours before the fog onset, a signal foretelling potential strong disturbances in the lower boundary layer was detected, and a significant rise of both mean and disturbance kinetic energies was observed, revealing that the low-level wind shear was strengthened before the fog onset, consequently creating a favorable condition for the outbreak of turbulences. This strong signal seemed to be very meaningful in monitoring and predicting fog occurrence and its development. (iii) Once the fog was in shape, its condensation feedback effects tended to lift the height of temperature inversion layer within the mid and upper levels of the lower atmosphere, which in return determined the fog persistence and restructuring process. | ZHANG Guangzhi, BIAN Lingeng, WANG Jizhi, YANG Yuanqin, YAO Wenqing & XU Xiangde HWL of Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 10008, China National Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081, China | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，z2： | 12 |
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