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| 1 | Four billion years of ophiolites reveal secular trends in oceanic crust formation显示文摘We combine a geological,geochemical and tectonic dataset from 118 ophioiite complexes of the major global Phanerozoic orogenic belts with similar datasets of ophiolites from 111 Precambrian greenstone belts to construct an overview of oceanic crust generation over 4 billion years.Geochemical discrimination systematics built on immobile trace elements reveal that the basaltic units of the Phanerozoic ophiolites are dominantly subduction-related(75%),linked to backarc processes and characterized by a strong MORB component,similar to ophiolites in Precambrian greenstone sequences(85%).The remaining 25%Phanerozoic subduction-unrelated ophiolites are mainly(74%) of Mid-Ocean-Ridge type(MORB type),in contrast to the equal proportion of Rift/Continental Margin,Plume,and MORB type ophiolites in the Precambrian greenstone belts.Throughout the Phanerozoic there are large geochemical variations in major and trace elements,but for average element values calculated in 5 bins of 100 million year intervals there are no obvious secular trends.By contrast,basaltic units in the ophiolites of the Precambrian greenstones(calculated in 12 bins of 250 million years intervals),starting in late Paleo- to early Mesoproterozoic(ca.2.0-1.8 Ga),exhibit an apparent decrease in the average values of incompatible elements such as Ti,P,Zr,Y and Nb,and an increase in the compatible elements Ni and Cr with deeper time to the end of the Archean and into the Hadean.These changes can be attributed to decreasing degrees of partial melting of the upper mantle from Hadean/Archean to Present.The onset of geochemical changes coincide with the timing of detectible changes in the structural architecture of the ophiolites such as greater volumes of gabbro and more common sheeted dyke complexes,and lesser occurrences of ocelli(varioles) in the pillow lavas in ophiolites younger than 2 Ga.The global data from the Precambrian ophiolites,representative of nearly 50%of all known worldwide greenstone belts provide significant clues for the operation of plate tectonic processes in the Archean. | Harald Furnes Maarten de Wit Yildirim Dilek | 2014 | Geoscience Frontiers2014，5，4： | 13 |
| 2 | Systematic review: The placebo effect of psychological interventions in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome显示文摘AIM To determine the placebo response rate associated with different types of placebo interventions used in psychological intervention studies for irritable bowel syndrome. METHODS Randomized controlled trials comparing psychological interventions(stress management/relaxation therapy(cognitive) behavioral therapy, short-term psychodynamic therapy, and hypnotherapy) for the treatment of adult patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) diagnosed with the Manning or Rome criteria with an adequate placebo control treatment and reporting data on IBS symptom severity were identified by searching Pub Med, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL and Psyc INFO databases. Full-text articles that were written in English and published between 1966 and February 2016 in peer-reviewed journals were selected for the present review. Placebo interventions were considered to be adequate if the number of sessions and the amount of time spent with the therapist were the same as in the active treatment. The placebo response rate(PRR) was computed for IBS symptom severity(primary outcome measure) as well as for anxiety, depression and quality of life(secondary outcome measures). RESULTS Six studies, with a total of 555 patients met the inclusion criteria. Four studies used an educational intervention, whereas two studies used a form of supportive therapy as the placebo intervention. The PRR for IBS symptom severity ranged from 25% to 59%, with a pooled mean of 41.4%. The relative PRR for the secondary outcome measures ranged from 0% to 267% for anxiety, 6% to 52% for depression 20% to 125% for quality of life. The PRR associated with pharmacological treatments, treatment with dietary bran and complementary medicine ranged from 37.5% to 47%. Contrary to our expectations, the PRR in studies on psychological interventions was comparable to that in studies on pharmacological, dietary and alternative medical interventions.CONCLUSION The PRR is probably determined to a larger extent by patient-related factors, such as expectations and desire for the treatment to be effective, than the content of the placebo intervention. | Carla E Flik Laura Bakker Wijnand Laan Yanda R van Rood André JPM Smout Niek J de Wit | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，12： | 7 |
| 3 | Experimental study on the mechanical properties and consolidation mechanism of microbial grouted backfill显示文摘Backfill mining technology is the practice of returning waste materials underground for both disposal and geotechnical stability,however,a challenge with current technologies is that they commonly require cement-based binders which have a relatively high environmental impact.Finding alternatives to cement-based binders can improve environmental performance and this paper proposes microbial grouted backfill(MGB)as a potential solution.In this paper,the effects of the cementation solution concentration(CSC),volume ratio of bacterial solution to cementation solution(VRBC),particle sizes of the aggregates,and the number of grouting batches on the mechanical properties of MGB are studied.The experimental results show that MGB strength increased,up to a peak value,as CSC was increased,before decreasing as CSC was increased further.The results also show that MGB strength increased,up to a peak value,as VRBC decreased,before decreasing as the VRBC was decreased further.The peak strength was achieved at a CSC of 2 mol/L and a VRBC of 1:9.The strength of the MGB also increased as the number of grouting batches increased.Graded MGB samples showed the highest UCS,25.12 MPa,at particle sizes of 0.2 to 0.8 mm,while full(non-graded)MGB samples displayed mean UCS values ranging from1.56 MPa when the maximum particle size was 0.2 mm,up to 13 MPa when the maximum particle size was 1.2 mm.MGB samples are consolidated by the calcium carbonate that is precipitated during microbial metabolism,and the strength of MGB increases linearly as calcium carbonate content increases.The calcium carbonate minerals produced in MGB materials are primarily calcite,with secondary amounts of vaterite. | Xuejie Deng Yu Li Fei Wang Xiaoming Shi Yinchao Yang Xichen Xu Yanli Huang Benjamin de Wit | 2022 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2022，32，2： | 7 |
| 4 | Low temperature,IBA concentrations and optimal time for adventitious rooting of Eucalyptus benthamii mini-cuttings显示文摘Eucalyptus benthamii is a forest species of economic interest that has difficulty with seed production and also is considered to have difficulty with adventitious rooting using propagation techniques,such as cutting or mini-cutting.We aimed to assess the adventitious rooting percentage under different storage times in low temperatures and at various IBA(indole-3-butyric acid) concentrations to determine the optimal time of permanence for rooting Eucalyptus benthamii minicuttings in a greenhouse.Shoots collected from mini-stumps cultivated in a semi-hydroponic system were used to obtain the mini-cuttings.For the first experiment,the mini-cuttings were stored at 4℃ for 0(immediate planting),24,48,72,96 and 120 h.The second experiment evaluated the rooting dynamic to determine the optimal time of permanence for minicuttings in a greenhouse.The basal region of the mini-cutting was treated with various IBA solutions:0(free of IBA),1,000,2,000,3,000 and 4,000 mg·L-1.Every seven days(0(immediate planting),7,14,21 and 28 days),destructive sampling of the mini-cuttings was performed to evaluate the histology of the adventitious rooting.Eucalyptus benthamii minicuttings should be rooted immediately after the collection of the shoots.The 2,000 mg·L-1 IBA concentration induced a greater speed and percentage of adventitious rooting,and an interval of 35 to 42 days was indicated for permanence of the mini-cuttings in the greenhouse.Exposure to low temperature induced adventitious root formation with diffuse vascular connections. | Gilvano Ebling Brondani Francisco JoséBenedini Baccarin Heron Wilhelmus de Wit Ondas JoséLuiz Stape Antonio Natal Gonçalves Marcilio de Almeida | 2012 | Journal of Forestry Research2012，23，4： | 5 |
| 5 | Paleoarchean bedrock lithologies across the Makhonjwa Mountains of South Africa and Swaziland linked to geochemical,magnetic and tectonic data reveal early plate tectonic genes flanking subduction margins显示文摘The Makhonjwa Mountains, traditionally referred to as the Barberton Greenstone Belt, retain an iconic Paleoarchean archive against which numerical models of early earth geodynamics can be tested. We present new geologic and structural maps, geochemical plots, geo- and thermo-chronology, and geophysical data from seven silicic, mafic to ultramafic complexes separated by major shear systems across the southern Makhonjwa Mountains. All reveal signs of modern oceanic back-arc crust and subductionrelated processes. We compare the rates of processes determined from this data and balance these against plate tectonic and plume related models. Robust rates of both horizontal and vertical tectonic processes derived from the Makhonjwa Mountain complexes are similar, well within an order of magnitude, to those encountered across modern oceanic and orogenic terrains flanking Western Pacific-like subduction zones. We conclude that plate tectonics and linked plate-boundary processes were well established by 3.2-3.6 Ga. Our work provides new constraints for modellers with rates of a 'basket' of processes against which to test Paleoarchean geodynamic models over a time period close to the length of the Phanerozoic. | Maarten de Wit Harald Furnes Scott MacLennan Moctar Doucouré Blair Schoene Ute Weckmann Uma Martinez Sam Bowring | 2018 | Geoscience Frontiers2018，9，3： | 4 |
| 6 | Systematic review: probiotics in the management of lower gastrointestinal symptoms in clinical practice – an evidence‐based international guide显示文摘 | A. P. S. Hungin C. Mulligan B. Pot P. Whorwell L. Agréus P. Fracasso C. Lionis J. Mendive J.‐M. Philippart de Foy G. Rubin C. Winchester N. Wit | 2013 | Aliment Pharmacol Ther2013，，8： | 4 |
| 7 | Integrated Assessment of Natural Hazards, Including Climate Change’s Influences, for Cultural Heritage Sites: The Case of the Historic Centre of Rethymno in Greece显示文摘Within the framework of disaster risk management, this article proposes an interdisciplinary method for the analysis of multiple natural hazards, including climate change’s influences, in the context of cultural heritage. A taxonomy of natural hazards applicable to cultural heritage was developed based on the existing theoretical and conceptual frameworks. Sudden-onset hazards, such as earthquakes and floods, and slow-onset hazards, such as wetting–drying cycles and biological contamination, were incorporated into the hazard assessment procedure. Future alteration of conditions due to climate change, such as change in heat waves’ duration, was also taken into account. The proposed hazard assessment framework was applied to the case of the Historic Centre of Rethymno, a city on the northern coast of the island of Crete in Greece,to identify, analyze, and prioritize the hazards that have the potential to cause damage to the center’s historic structures. The assessment procedure includes climate model projections, GIS spatial modeling and mapping, and finally a hazard analysis matrix to enable the sharing of a better understanding of multiple hazards with the stakeholders.The results can facilitate decision making by providing the vulnerability and risk analysis with the nature and spatial distribution of the significant hazards within the study area and its setting. | Mohammad Ravankhah Rosmarie de Wit Athanasios V.Argyriou Angelos Chliaoutakis Maria Joao Revez Joern Birkmann Maja Zuvela-Aloise Apostolos Sarris Anastasia Tzigounaki Kostas Giapitsoglou | 2019 | International Journal of Disaster Risk Science2019，10，3： | 3 |
| 8 | An overview of brominated flame retardants in the environment显示文摘 | Cynthia A de Wit | 2002 | Chemosphere2002，，5： | 3 |
| 9 | System dynamic modelling to assess economic viability and risk trade-offs for ecological restoration in South Africa显示文摘 | D.J. Crookes J.N. Blignaut M.P. de Wit K.J. Esler D.C. Le Maitre S.J. Milton S.A. Mitchell J. Cloete P. de Abreu H. Fourie (nee Vlok) K. Gull D. Marx W. Mugido T. Ndhlovu M. Nowell M. Pauw A. Rebelo | 2013 | Journal of Environmental Management2013，，： | 2 |
| 10 | SKPFM and SEM study of the deposition mechanism of Zr/Ti based pre-treatment on AA6016 aluminum alloy显示文摘 | F. Andreatta A. Turco I. de Graeve H. Terryn J.H.W de Wit L. Fedrizzi | 2007 | Surface & Coatings Technology2007，，18： | 2 |
| 11 | Current-use halogenated and organophosphorous flame retardants:A review of their presence in Arctic ecosystems显示文摘Since the ban of polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)and hexabromocyclododecane(HBCDD),other flame retardants may be increasingly used.Thirty-one current-use halogenated(HFRs)and 24 organophosphorous flame retardants(PFRs)have been sought in Arctic ecosystems so far.Air measurements provide evidence of long-range atmospheric transport for the majority of these compounds,with much higher concentrations for PFRs than for HFRs.Some HFRs,i.e.bis(2-ethylhexyl)-tetrabromophthalate(BEH-TEBP),2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate(EH-TBB)and hexabromobenzene(HBBz),had air concentrations comparable to those of PBDEs in some studies.Complementary data for seawater and ice indicate dry deposition of HFRs,while net volatilization from seawater was observed for some PFRs.Studies in the marine environment indicate a wide presence of HFRs in marine biota,but generally at low levels,i.e.typically lower than those of PBDEs.Exceptions exist,namely 2,4,6-tribromophenyl 2,3-dibromopropyl ether(TBP-DBPE)and decabromodiphenyl ethane(DBDPE),which were found in concentrations comparable to PBDEs in some species.The same was the case for 2,4,6-tribromophenyl allyl ether(TBP-AE)in a study from the terrestrial environment.PFRs generally had low concentrations in biota,probably due to metabolic transformation of PFR triesters,as suggested by in vitro studies.Elevated PFR concentrations occurred in some individuals,generally indicating a larger variability of PFRs in biota than found for HFRs.The commercially important tetrabromobisphenol A(TBBPA)was only detected sporadically,and only in abiotic matrices. | Katrin Vorkamp Jennifer Balmer Hayley Hung Robert J.Letcher Frank F.Riget Cynthia A.de Wit | 2019 | Emerging Contaminants2019，5，1： | 2 |
| 12 | A survey of models,analysis tools and compensation menthods for the control of machines with friction 显示文摘 | ARMSTRONG-HELOUVRY B DUPONT P CANUDAS DE WIT C | 1994 | Automatica1994，30，7： | 2 |
| 13 | A new model for control of systems with friction 显示文摘 | CANUDAS DE WIT C OLSSON H ASTROM K J | 1995 | IEEE Transaction on Automatic Control1995，40，3： | 2 |
| 14 | Phenotyping the effect of diet on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘 | Nicole J.W. de Wit Lydia A. Afman Marco Mensink Michael Müller | 2012 | Journal of Hepatology2012，，6： | 2 |
| 15 | 气候变化对挪威托夫达尔河流域至邻近海域氮通量的影响显示文摘假定4种气候变化情景,利用质量运输模型(TEOTIL)可预测挪威最南部的托夫达尔河流域的硝酸盐(NO_3)通量。目前,森林、高地和开阔水体占NO_3通量的90%。2071~2100年的气候情景显示,温度将增加2~4℃,降水会增加3%~11%。利用气候实验和长期监测来估算未来的氮(N)淋溶率。冬季将有更多的水流经陆地流域,而春季则较少。预计从托夫达尔河到邻近的托普达尔峡湾,年NO_3通量保持不变,但是,冬季运送的NO_3要多,春季要少。可以预计,沿海水域藻类大量繁殖会发生在当年的更早时候。主要的不确定来源是储存在土壤有机物中的氮的长期命运及森林管理的影响。 | Richard F.Wright Φyvind Kaste Heleen A.de Wit Torulv Tjomsland Mirjam Bloemerts Jarle Molvr John Rune Selvik 高战朝 | 2008 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2008，37，1： | 2 |
| 16 | Indirect field-oriented control of induction motors is robustly globally stable 显示文摘 | De Wit Paul A S Ortega Romeo Mareels Iven | 1996 | Automatica1996，32，10： | 2 |
| 17 | A Survey of Models, Analysis Tools and Compensation Methods for the Control of Machines with Friction 显示文摘 | ARMSTRONG-HELOUVRY B DUPONT P DE WIT C C | 1994 | Automatica1994，30，： | 1 |
| 18 | Photolytic debromination of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE 209) 显示文摘 | SODERSTROM G SELLSTROM U WIT C A D | 2004 | Environ Sci Technol2004，38，： | 1 |
| 19 | Structural and physicochemical changes of potato starch along periodate oxidation显示文摘 | Veelaert S Polling M Wit D D | 1995 | Starth1995，46，7： | 1 |
| 20 | Influence of thickness and substrate on the hardness and deformation of TiN film显示文摘 | Witting M Bendavid A Martin P J | 1995 | Thin Solid Films1995，270，： | 1 |
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