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| 1 | Plant Polyploidy: Origin, Evolution, and Its Influence on Crop Domestication显示文摘The prevalence and recurrence of polyploidization in plant species make it one of the most important evolutionary events in plants, and as a result, polyploidization is an extensively investigated research field. Due to the rapid development of sequencing technologies, there is increased evidence to support that polyploidization plays an important role in the diversification of plant species, evolution of genes, and the domestication of crops. Here, we reviewed the influence of polyploidization on various aspects of plant evolution, mainly focused on polyploid origin, characteristics, subsequent genome divergence, and its impact on gene function innovation and crop domestication. The occurrence of many independent polyploidization events in plants was found to be tightly associated with the timing of extreme climate events or natural disasters on earth, leading to mass extinction while possibly facilitating increased polyploidization. Following allo-polyploidization, a distinct phenomenon known as sub-genome dominance occurred during sub-genome evolution, which was found to be associated with the methylation of transposons. Extensive gene fractionations(lost) following polyploidization were reported in almost all paleo-polyploids, and the evolutionary fates of multi-copy genes, such as sub-/neo-functionalization, were further proposed to illustrate their underlying mechanisms. Moreover,polyploidization was found to significantly impact species diversification, with subsequent effects on crop domestication and the development of traits with agronomic importance. Based on the progress of plant polyploidization studies, we discussed several main topics that might further improve our understanding of polyploid evolution and that are likely contribute to the application of polyploidization in crop breeding in the near future. | Kang Zhang Xiaowu Wang Feng Cheng | 2019 | Horticultural Plant Journal2019，5，6： | 12 |
| 2 | Genome triplication drove the diversification of Brassica plants显示文摘The genus Brassica belongs to the plant family Brassicaceae,which includes many important crop species that are used as oilseed,condiments,or vegetables throughout the world.Brassica plants comprise many diverse species,and each species contains rich morphotypes showing extreme traits.Brassica species experienced an extra whole genome triplication(WGT)event compared with the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana.Whole genome sequencing of the Brassica species Brassica rapa,Brassica oleracea and others demonstrated that WGT plays an important role in the speciation and morphotype diversification of Brassica plants.Comparative genomic analysis based on the genome sequences of B.rapa and A.thaliana clearly identified the WGT event and further demonstrated that the translocated Proto-Calepine Karyotype(tPCK,n57)was the diploid ancestor of the three subgenomes in B.rapa.Following WGT,subsequent extensive genome fractionation,block reshuffling and chromosome reduction accompanied by paleocentromere descent from the three tPCK subgenomes during the rediploidization process produced stable diploid species.Genomic rearrangement of the diploid species and their hybridization then contributed to Brassica speciation.The subgenome dominance effect and biased gene retention,such as the over-retention of auxin-related genes after WGT,promoted functional gene evolution and thus propelled the expansion of rich morphotypes in the Brassica species.In conclusion,the WGT event initiated subsequent genomic and gene-level evolution,which further drove Brassica speciation and created rich morphotypes in each species. | Feng Cheng Jian Wu Xiaowu Wang | 2014 | Horticulture Research2014，1，1： | 11 |
| 3 | Improved Brassica rapa reference genome by single-molecule sequencing and chromosome conformation capture technologies显示文摘Brassica rapa comprises several important cultivated vegetables and oil crops.Current reference genome assemblies of Brassica rapa are quite fragmented and not highly contiguous,thereby limiting extensive genetic and genomic analyses.Here,we report an improved assembly of the B.rapa genome(v3.0)using single-molecule sequencing,optical mapping,and chromosome conformation capture technologies(Hi-C).Relative to the previous reference genomes,our assembly features a contig N50 size of 1.45 Mb,representing a~30-fold improvement.We also identified a new event that occurred in the B.rapa genome~1.2 million years ago,when a long terminal repeat retrotransposon(LTR-RT)expanded.Further analysis refined the relationship of genome blocks and accurately located the centromeres in the B.rapa genome.The B.rapa genome v3.0 will serve as an important community resource for future genetic and genomic studies in B.rapa.This resource will facilitate breeding efforts in B.rapa,as well as comparative genomic analysis with other Brassica species. | Lei Zhang Xu Cai Jian Wu Min Liu Stefan Grob Feng Cheng Jianli Liang Chengcheng Cai Zhiyuan Liu Bo Liu Fan Wang Song Li Fuyan Liu Xuming Li Lin Cheng Wencai Yang Mai-he Li Ueli Grossniklaus Hongkun Zheng Xiaowu Wang | 2018 | Horticulture Research2018，5，1： | 10 |
| 4 | A de novo Genome of a Chinese Radish Cultivar显示文摘Here, we report a high-quality draft genome of a Chinese radish(Raphanus sativus) cultivar. This draft contains 387.73 Mb of assembled scaffolds, 83.93% of the scaffolds were anchored onto nine pseudochromosomes and 95.09% of 43 240 protein-coding genes were functionally annotated. 184.75 Mb(47.65%) of repeat sequences was identified in the assembled genome. By comparative analyses of the radish genome against 10 other plant genomes, 2 275 genes in 780 gene families were found unique to R. sativus. This genome is a good reference for genomic study and of great value for genetic improvement of radish. | ZHANG Xiaohui YUE Zhen MEI Shiyong QIU Yang YANG Xinhua CHEN Xiaohua CHENG Feng WU Zhangyan SUN Yuyan JING Yi LIU Bo SHEN Di WANG Haiping CUI Na DUAN Yundan WU Jian WANG Jinglei GAN Caixia WANG Jun WANG Xiaowu LI Xixiang | 2015 | Horticultural Plant Journal2015，1，3： | 10 |
| 5 | MoS2 embedded in 3D interconnected carbon nanofiber film as a free-standing anode for sodium-ion batteries显示文摘 | Hai Yang Min Wang Xiaowu Liu Yu Jiang Yan Yu | 2018 | Nano Research2018，11，7： | 7 |
| 6 | Lighting virtual objects in a single image via coarse scene understanding显示文摘Achieving convincing visual consistency between virtual objects and a real scene mainly relies on the lighting effects of virtual-real composition scenes.The problem becomes more challenging in lighting virtual objects in a single real image.Recently,scene understanding from a single image has made great progress.The estimated geometry,semantic labels and intrinsic components provide mostly coarse information,and are not accurate enough to re-render the whole scene.However,carefully integrating the estimated coarse information can lead to an estimate of the illumination parameters of the real scene.We present a novel method that uses the coarse information estimated by current scene understanding technology to estimate the parameters of a ray-based illumination model to light virtual objects in a real scene.Our key idea is to estimate the illumination via a sparse set of small 3D surfaces using normal and semantic constraints.The coarse shading image obtained by intrinsic image decomposition is considered as the irradiance of the selected small surfaces.The virtual objects are illuminated by the estimated illumination parameters.Experimental results show that our method can convincingly light virtual objects in a single real image,without any pre-recorded 3D geometry,reflectance,illumination acquisition equipment or imaging information of the image. | CHEN XiaoWu JIN Xin WANG Ke | 2014 | Science China(Information Sciences)2014，57，9： | 7 |
| 7 | Brassica rapa Genome 2.0: A Reference Upgrade through Sequence Re-assembly and Gene Re-annotation显示文摘 | Chengcheng Cai Xiaobo Wang Bo Liu Jian Wu Jianli Liang Yinan Cui Feng Cheng Xiaowu Wang | 2017 | Molecular Plant2017，10，4： | 6 |
| 8 | A naturally occurring variation in the BrMAM-3 gene is associated with aliphatic glucosinolate accumulation in Brassica rapa leaves显示文摘Glucosinolate profiles significantly vary among Brassica rapa genotypes.However,the molecular basis of these variations is largely unknown.In this study,we investigated a major quantitative trait locus(QTL)controlling aliphatic glucosinolate accumulation in B.rapa leaves.The QTL,which encompasses three tandem MAM genes and two MYB genes,was detected in two BC2DH populations.Among the five-candidate genes,only the expression level of BrMAM-3(Bra013007)was significantly correlated with the accumulation of aliphatic glucosinolates in B.rapa leaves.We identified a naturally occurring insertion within exon 1 of BrMAM-3,which is predicted to be a loss-of-function mutation,as confirmed by qRT-PCR.We determined that the loss of function was associated with the low glucosinolate content in B.rapa accessions.Furthermore,overexpressing the BrMAM-3 gene resulted in an increase in total aliphatic glucosinolates in Arabidopsis transgenic lines.Our study provides insights into the molecular mechanism underlying the accumulation of aliphatic glucosinolates in B.rapa leaves,thereby facilitating in the manipulation of total aliphatic glucosinolate content in Brassica crops. | Jifang Zhang Hui Wang Zhiyuan Liu Jianli Liang Jian Wu Feng Cheng Shiyong Mei Xiaowu Wang | 2018 | Horticulture Research2018，5，1： | 5 |
| 9 | A randomized controlled trial of radiofrequency ablation and surgical resection in the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘 | Kai Feng Jun Yan Xiaowu Li Feng Xia Kuansheng Ma Shuguang Wang Ping Bie Jiahong Dong | 2012 | Journal of Hepatology2012，，4： | 5 |
| 10 | Reaction mechanism and microstructure development of ZrSi_(2) melt-infiltrated C_(f)/SiC-ZrC-ZrB_(2) composites:The influence of preform pore structures显示文摘Reactive melt infiltration(RMI)is an effective method for fabrication of highly dense carbon fiber reinforced ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composites(Cf/UHTCs).In this work,C_(f)/SiC-ZrC-ZrB_(2)composites were fabricated by infiltrating ZrSi_(2)melt into porous C_(f)/B_(4)C-C preforms,where the physical and chemical reactions involved during the RMI process were identified and analyzed.Inhomogeneous infiltration between the inter-and intra-bundle pores was revealed,and was found to be strongly related to the pore structures of the C_(f)/B_(4)C-C preform.It is indicated that the inhomogeneous infiltration can be mitigated remarkably with increasing porosity and pore size of the preform.The effect of pore size on the RMI process was also investigated by a quantitative model,which agrees very well with the experiment results.It further indicates that the inhomogeneous infiltration can also be relieved at elevated RMI temperature.However,excessive infiltration at elevated temperature or more porous preform may cause serious erosion on interphase and fibers,leading to mechanical properties deterioration of the final composites. | Xiaowu Chen Dewei Ni Yanmei Kan Youlin Jiang Haijun Zhou Zhen Wang Shaoming Dong | 2018 | Journal of Materiomics2018，4，3： | 5 |
| 11 | Deubiquitinase JOSD2 stabilizes YAP/TAZ to promote cholangiocarcinoma progression显示文摘Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)has emerged as an intractable cancer with scanty therapeutic regimens.The aberrant activation of Yes-associated protein(YAP)and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif(TAZ)are reported to be common in CCA patients.However,the underpinning mechanism remains poorly understood.Deubiquitinase(DUB)is regarded as a main orchestrator in maintaining protein homeostasis.Here,we identified Josephin domain-containing protein 2(JOSD2)as an essential DUB of YAP/TAZ that sustained the protein level through cleavage of polyubiquitin chains in a deubiquitinase activity-dependent manner.The depletion of JOSD2 promoted YAP/TAZ proteasomal degradation and significantly impeded CCA proliferation in vitro and in vivo.Further analysis has highlighted the positive correlation between JOSD2 and YAP abundance in CCA patient samples.Collectively,this study uncovers the regulatory effects of JOSD2 on YAP/TAZ protein stabilities and profiles its contribution in CCA malignant progression,which may provide a potential intervention target for YAP/TAZ-related CCA patients. | Meijia Qian Fangjie Yan Weihua Wang Jiamin Du Tao Yuan Ruilin Wu Chenxi Zhao Jiao Wang Jiabin Lu Bo Zhang Nengming Lin Xin Dong Xiaoyang Dai Xiaowu Dong Bo Yang Hong Zhu Qiaojun He | 2021 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2021，11，12： | 5 |
| 12 | Loss of gonadal soma derived factor damaging the pituitary-gonadal axis in medaka显示文摘Medaka sex is determined by dmy/dmrt1b Y,the doublesex and mab-3 domain gene on the Y chromosome[1,2].Most recent studies have revealed a germ cell-intrinsic cue for the sperm-egg fate decision present in medaka,leading to spermatogenesis occurrence in a female gonadal environment without the presence of dmy[3].Targeted disruption of dmy,or sex related genes,such | Kaiqing Sun Lidong Fan Chuanyun Wang Xiaoyu Yang Shuangguang Zhu Xi Zhang Xiaowu Chen Yunhan Hong Guijun Guan | 2017 | Science Bulletin2017，62，3： | 4 |
| 13 | Variation in Plant Morphology and Sinigrin Content in Ethiopian Mustard(Brassica carinata L.)显示文摘Ethiopian mustard(Brassica carinata) is mainly grown as a leafy vegetable and oilseed crop. Sinigrin is predominant glucosinolate in the leaves of Ethiopian mustard. It is hydrolyzed by enzyme myrosinase to produce bioactive product specifically allyl-isothiocyanates. Due to sinigrin content, Ethiopian mustard has a mild flavor and it is a healthy addition to human diet. However, sinigrin concentration depends on genotype.Understanding variations of plant morphology and sinigrin content may be the first step for crop improvement. According to the analyses of various plant characteristics among ninety nine Ethiopian mustard accessions, we found significant differences in plant height, chlorophyll content, and petiole length. In addition, sinigrin content was determined using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole mass spectrometers/tunable ultraviolet detector(UPLC-TQS/TUV). We found a significant difference in sinigrin content among leaves of 94 Ethiopian mustard accessions. Except for petiole length, the sinigrin content was negatively correlated with leaf area, leaf width, number of primary branches, and plant height. This information will help Ethiopian mustard breeders in screening breeding lines for new accessions. | Tesfay Teklehaymanot Haijing Wang Jianli Liang Jian Wu Runmao Lin Zhen Zhou Xu Cai Xiaowu Wang | 2019 | Horticultural Plant Journal2019，5，5： | 4 |
| 14 | Immune Responses and Protective Efficacy Induced by 85B Antigen and Early Secreted Antigenic Target-6 kDa Antigen Fusion Protein Secreted by Recombinant Bacille Calmette-Guérin显示文摘在一次尝试到改进有免疫力的回答和保护的功效,我们构造了 bacille Calmette-Guerin (rBCG ) 拉紧表示 85B 抗原(Ag85B ) 和早分泌的反的二 recombinant Mycobacterium 的遗传因子的 target-6 kDa 抗原(ESAT6 ) 肺结核(鱼雷快艇) 熔化蛋白质。两 rBCG 紧张有一样的蛋白质插入但是在一份不同订单(Ag85B-ESAT6 和 ESAT6-Ag85B ) 。 rBCG 紧张和重量的单位的有教养的上层清液一老鼠与熔化蛋白质 Ag85B-ESAT6 或 ESAT6-Ag85B 使免疫的from 与部分尺寸 of37 kDa 形成了一个乐队,到在 BALB/c 老鼠以后的 Ag85B 和 ESAT6.Six 星期的和的 equalivalent 被使免疫 withBCG 或 rBCG ,怒气淋巴细胞响应文化显示出重要增长过滤与 BCG 组,一起的 MTB.Compared 的蛋白质老鼠种牛痘, rBCG 得到了到文化的免疫球蛋白 G 抗体的高级增加过滤在浆液的蛋白质。在上层清液在 rBCG1 显著地增加了的淋巴细胞文化媒介的 gamma 干扰素层次组织,比 BCG 的显著地高使免疫的组(P<0.05 ) 。在种痘以后的四个星期,老鼠在在脾形成单位的鱼雷快艇殖民地的数字感染 M.tuberculosis H37Rv 和戏剧的减小,肺在二个 rBCG 免疫组被观察。尽管这些 rBCG 紧张是更产生免疫性的,他们的保护的效果比得上古典 BCG 紧张,并且二个 rBCG 组(P>0.05 ) 之间没有重要差别。 | Changhong SHI Xiaowu WANG Hai ZHANG Zhikai XU Yuan LI Lintian YUAN | 2007 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2007，39，4： | 3 |
| 15 | Hotspots of Independent and Multiple Rounds of LTR-retrotransposon Bursts in Brassica Species显示文摘Long terminal repeat retrotransposons(LTR-RTs) are a predominant group of plant transposable elements(TEs) that are an important component of plant genomes. A large number of LTR-RTs have been annotated in the genomes of the agronomically important oil and vegetable crops of the genus Brassica. Herein, full-length LTR-RTs in the genomes of Brassica and other closely related species were systematically analyzed. The full-length LTR-RT content varied greatly(from 0.43% to 23.4%) between different species, with Gypsy-like LTR-RTs constituting a primary group across these genomes. More importantly, many annotated LTR-RTs(from 10.03% to 33.25% of all detected LTR-RTs) were found to be enriched in localized hotspot regions. Furthermore, all of the analyzed species showed evidence of having experienced at least one round of a LTR-RT burst, with Raphanus sativus experiencing three or more. Moreover, these relatively ancient LTR-RT amplifications exhibited a clear expansion at specific time points. To gain a further understanding of this timing, Brassica rapa, B. oleracea, and R. sativus were examined for the presence of syntenic regions, but none were present. These findings indicate that these LTR-RT burst events were not inherited from a common ancestor,but instead were species-specific bursts that occurred after the divergence of Brassica species. This study further exemplifies the complexities of TE amplifications during the evolution of plant genomes and suggests that these LTR-RT bursts play an important role in genome expansion and divergence in Brassica species. | CAI Xu CUI Yinan ZHANG Lei WU Jian LIANG Jianli CHENG Lin WANG Xiaowu CHENG Feng | 2018 | Horticultural Plant Journal2018，4，4： | 3 |
| 16 | Study of Shaking Table Test on Dynamic Response Characteristics and Failure Mechanism of the Loess Slope显示文摘The natural loess that covers the ground surface has good stability due to its low water content.However,when violent earthquakes occur,the strong dynamic stress generated in the slope may induce landslide disasters with different sizes.In this paper,a large-scale shaking table model test is used to reveal the dynamic response and instability failure process of the loess slope.The test results show that different parts of the slope have different vibration characteristics and the first natural frequency in the model increases with the increase of the slope height.The response acceleration of different parts may change due to the coupling relationship between the spectral characteristics of input wave and the natural frequencies of different parts of slope,suggesting the characteristics of regional differential dynamic response.Under the condition of different dynamic response,stress state and boundary conditions of different parts of slope,a rapid microstructural damage,cumulative residual deformation evolution,and tension-shear coupling instability failure process may appear at the top of the slope with the strong dynamic response associated with the increase of dynamic loading intensity.The Sd values presented in this paper may reflect soil damage and slope instability and failure. | PU Xiaowu WANG Lanmin WANG Ping CHAI Shaofeng XU Shiyang | 2020 | Earthquake Research in China2020，34，1： | 3 |
| 17 | Five-year follow-up of 23 asymmetrical Parkinson's disease patients treated with unilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation显示文摘In this study, 23 asymmetrical Parkinson's disease patients were treated with unilateral deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus and followed up for 5 years. At 5 years after stimulation treatment, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale II, III and axial symptom scores in the off-drug condition were significantly increased compared those at baseline. However, total Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale II, III and axial symptom scores were significantly lower with stimulation-on compared with the synchronous stimulation-off state in off-drug condition, and the motor symptoms of contralateral side limbs were effectively controlled. Only low Hoehn-Yahr stage was correlated with good long-term postoperative improvement in motor symptoms. The mean levodopa-equivalent daily dose after stimulation treatment was significantly lower than that before treatment, but dyskinesias became worse. Our experimental findings indicate that unilateral deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus is an effective treatment for improving motor symptoms in well selected asymmetrical Parkinson's disease patients presenting no severe axial symptoms and dyskinesias. | Jinchuan Liang Xiaowu Hu Xiaoping Zhou Xiufeng Jiang Yiqun Cao Laixing Wang Aiguo Jin Jianmin Liu | 2012 | Neural Regeneration Research2012，7，18： | 3 |
| 18 | A High Density Linkage Map Facilitates QTL Mapping of Flowering Time in Brassica rapa显示文摘Flowering is a major developmental transition in the life-history of plants. Flowering time is under complex genetic control. In this study, 172 doubled haploid(DH) lines derived from a cross between two Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) DH lines, Y177 and Y195, were used for a high density linkage map construction and quantitative trait locus(QTL) mapping for flowering time in B. rapa. Parents and DH lines were resequenced at depth of 5× and 0.5× coverage, respectively. In total, 22 747 SNPs were called from the resequencing data and combined into 1 708 bins to construct the genetic linkage map. The map length was 958.6 c M, containing 887 bins and the average interval between binmarkers was 1.08 c M. A total of six QTLs controlling flowering time were detected under four different conditions. Potential candidate flowering homologues located near QTLs were identified with the aid of B. rapa genome annotation. | LIU Jing LIU Bo CHENG Feng LIANG Jianli WANG Xiaowu WU Jian | 2016 | Horticultural Plant Journal2016，2，4： | 3 |
| 19 | A Note on 'Modules, Comodules, and Cotensor Products over Frobenius Algebras'显示文摘这是 Abram 的纸上的笔记“模块, Comodules,和 Cotensor Productsover Frobenius 代数学,代数学的杂志”(1999 ) 。用坐标最近由 Kadison 开发了的 Frobenius 的应用程序,一个人以 comultiplication 为 Frobeniusalgebras 有 Abram 的描述的一个直接证明(看见 L。Kadison (1999 )) 。为任何 Frobenius 代数学,由使用明确的 comultiplication,在模块的范畴和 comodules 的范畴之间的明确的通讯被获得。而且,与这,我们在对 cotensor 的角函子描述上给很简化的证明和 improveAbram 的结果函子。 | Xiaowu CHEN Hualin HUANG Yanhua WANG | 2006 | Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B2006，27，4： | 3 |
| 20 | Large piezoelectric response in a family of metal-free perovskite ferroelectric compounds from first-principles calculations显示文摘Metal-free organic perovskite ferroelectric materials have been shown recently to have a number of attractive properties,including high spontaneous polarization and piezoelectric coefficients.In particular,slow evaporation of solutions containing organic amines,inorganic ammoniums,and dilute hydrohalogen acid has been shown to produce several attractive materials in the MDABCO-NH_(4)-I_(3) family(MDABCO is N-methyl-N’-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octonium).In the present work,we study by first-principles calculations the origin of polarizaiton,electronic density of state,piezoelectric response,and elastic properties of MDABCO-NH_(4)-X_(3)(X=Cl,Br,I).We find that the dipole moments of the MDABCO and NH_(4) groups are negligible,and the large spontaneous polarization of MDABCONH_(4)-I_(3) mainly results from MDABCO and NH_(4) being off-center relative to I ions.Although the piezoelectric response of organic materials is usually very weak,we observe large piezoelectric strain components,d_(x4) and d_(x5);the calculated d_(x5) is 119 pC/N for MDABCO-NH_(4)-Cl_(3),248 pC/N for MDABCO-NH_(4)-Br_(3) and 178 pC/N for MDABCO-NH_(4)-I_(3).The large value of dx5 is found to be closely related with the large value of elastic compliance tensor,s44.These results show that MDABCO-NH_(4)-X_(3) metal-free organic perovskites have large piezoelectric response with soft elastic properties. | Hui Wang Huihui Liu Zeyu Zhang Zihan Liu Zhenlong Lv Tongwei Li Weiwei Ju Haisheng Li Xiaowu Cai Han Han | 2019 | npj Computational Materials2019，，1： | 3 |
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