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| 1 | Irritable bowel syndrome: A microbiome-gut-brain axis disorder?显示文摘Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is an extremely prevalent but poorly understood gastrointestinal disorder. Consequently, there are no clear diagnostic markers to help diagnose the disorder and treatment options are limited to management of the symptoms. The concept of a dysregulated gut-brain axis has been adopted as a suitable model for the disorder. The gut microbiome may play an important role in the onset and exacerbation of symptoms in the disorder and has been extensively studied in this context. Although a causal role cannot yet be inferred from the clinical studies which have attempted to characterise the gut microbiota in IBS, they do confirm alterations in both community stability and diversity. Moreover, it has been reliably demonstrated that manipulation of the microbiota can influence the key symptoms, including abdominal pain and bowel habit, and other prominent features of IBS. A variety of strategies have been taken to study these interactions, including probiotics, antibiotics, faecal transplantations and the use of germ-free animals. There are clear mechanisms through which the microbiota can produce these effects, both humoral and neural. Taken together, these findings firmly establish the microbiota as a critical node in the gut-brain axis and one which is amenable to therapeutic interventions. | Paul J Kennedy John F Cryan Timothy G Dinan Gerard Clarke | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，39： | 20 |
| 2 | Techniques and accuracy of thoracolumbar pedicle screw placement显示文摘Pedicle screw instrumentation has been used to stabilize the thoracolumbar spine for several decades. Although pedicle screws were originally placed via a freehand technique, there has been a movement in favor of pedicle screw placement with the aid of imaging. Such assistive techniques include fluoroscopy guidance and stereotactic navigation. Imaging has the benefit of increased visualization of a pedicle's trajectory, but can result in increased morbidity associated with radiation exposure, increased time expenditure, and possible workflow interruption. Many institutions have reported high accuracies with each of these three core techniques. However, due to differing definitions of accuracy and varying radiographic analyses, it is extremely difficult to compare studies side-by-side to determine which techniques are superior. From the literature, it can be concluded that pedicles of vertebrae within the mid-thoracic spine and vertebrae that have altered morphology due to scoliosis or other deformities are the most difficult to cannulate. Thus, spine surgeons would benefit the most from using assistive technologies in these circumstances. All other pedicles in thethoracolumbar spine should theoretically be cannulated with ease via a free-hand technique, given appropriate training and experience. Despite these global recommendations, appropriate techniques must be chosen at the surgeon's discretion. Such determinations should be based on the surgeon's experience and the specific pathology that will be treated. | Varun Puvanesarajah Jason A Liauw Sheng-fu Lo Ioan A Lina Timothy F Witham | 2014 | World Journal of Orthopedics2014，5，2： | 7 |
| 3 | Panitumumab and irinotecan versus irinotecan alone for patients with KRAS wild-type, fluorouracil-resistant advanced colorectal cancer (PICCOLO): a prospectively stratified randomised trial显示文摘 | Matthew T Seymour Sarah R Brown Gary Middleton Timothy Maughan Susan Richman Stephen Gwyther Catherine Lowe Jennifer F Seligmann Jonathan Wadsley Nick Maisey Ian Chau Mark Hill Lesley Dawson Stephen Falk Ann O’Callaghan Kim Benstead Philip Chambers Alfred | 2013 | Lancet Oncology2013，，8： | 6 |
| 4 | 丁醇同分异构体/汽油混合燃料的燃烧和非常规污染物特性的试验研究(英文)显示文摘本文研究了丁醇同分异构体与汽油混合燃料在进气道喷射的火花点火发动机中的燃烧和排放特性。试验在发动机转速为1200 r/min、发动机负荷为3 bar BMEP 和5 bar BMEP 以及不同混合气空燃比条件下(φ=0.83~1.25)进行,使用了70%体积比的纯汽油和30%体积比的丁醇同分异构体混合燃料(N30,S30,I30 和T30)。结果表明,相比于纯汽油,所有的丁醇同分异构体/汽油混合燃料表现出更高的缸内压力,其中N30 有最高的缸内压力峰值和最早的缸内压力峰值相位;T30 表现出较高的brake燃油消耗率(BSFC)和较低的制动热效率(BTE);相比于其他燃料,N30 的UHC 排放较低而I30 的CO排放较高。在非常规排放物特性方面,相比于纯汽油,丁醇同分异构体/汽油混合燃料有较高的乙醛排放;相比于其他混合燃料,N30 的1,3-丁二烯排放较高。使用丁醇同分异构体/汽油混合燃料可以有效地抑制单环芳烃类质(BTEX)的排放。 | 李元绪 宁智 闫峻豪 Timothy H LEE Chia-fon F LEE | 2019 | Journal of Central South University2019，26，8： | 3 |
| 5 | Chemotherapy options in elderly and frail patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (MRC FOCUS2): an open-label, randomised factorial trial显示文摘 | Matthew T Seymour Lindsay C Thompson Harpreet S Wasan Gary Middleton Alison E Brewster Stephen F Shepherd M Sinead O’Mahony Timothy S Maughan Mahesh Parmar Ruth E Langley | 2011 | The Lancet2011，，9779： | 2 |
| 6 | Cross-border shopping:a North American perspective 显示文摘 | Timothy Dallen J Butler Richard f | 1995 | Annals of Tourism Research1995，22，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Producer Services in the Urban Core and Suburbs of Phoenix, Arizona显示文摘 | Breanda'n O'hUallacha'in Timothy F Leslie | 2007 | Urban Studies2007，，8： | 1 |
| 8 | Producer Services in the Urban Core and Suburbs of Phoenix Arizona 显示文摘 | Breandan O hUallachain Timothy F Leslie | 2007 | Urban Studies2007，44，8： | 1 |
| 9 | LIGHT, a New Member of the TNF Superfamily, and Lymphotoxin α Are Ligands for Herpesvirus Entry Mediator显示文摘 | Davide N Mauri Reinhard Ebner Rebecca I Montgomery Kristine D Kochel Timothy C Cheung Guo-Liang Yu Steve Ruben Marianne Murphy Roselyn J Eisenberg Gary H Cohen Patricia G Spear Carl F Ware | 1998 | Immunity1998，，： | 1 |
| 10 | Representation of skew in time-stepped two-dimensional finite-element models of electrical machines显示文摘 | Stephen W Timothy J F Alhertus FV | 1995 | IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications1995，31，5： | 1 |
| 11 | The formulation of aptamer-coated paclitaxel-polylactide nanoconjugates and their targeting to cancer cells 显示文摘 | Rong T Linda Y Timothy M F | 2010 | Biomaterials2010，31，： | 1 |
| 12 | Conjugated polymer / lanthanide complex based blends as near-IR light emitting diodes 显示文摘 | Mohamed B Benjamin S H Timothy J F | 2002 | Polymer Preprints2002，43，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Comparison of pre- versus post- incision administration of intrathecal bupivacaine and intrathecal morphine in a rat model of postoperative pain显示文摘 | Timothy J Brennan Eric F | 1997 | Anesthesiology1997，87，： | 1 |
| 14 | Behavioral tests after intracerebral hemorrhage in the rat显示文摘 | Ya Hua Timothy Schallert Richard F Keep | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 15 | A simple inertial formulation of theshallow water equations for efficient two-dimensional flood inundationmodelling显示文摘 | Paul D B Matthew S H Timothy J F | 2010 | Journal of Hydrology2010，387，12： | 1 |
| 16 | Forum series : Research strategies for safety evaluation of nanomaterials, Part II: Toxicological and safety evaluation of nanomaterials, current challenges and data needs 显示文摘 | MICHAEL P H WILLIAM H F TIMOTHY D L | 2005 | Toxicol Sci2005，88，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Acute endophthalmitis following intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection显示文摘 | Darius M Moshfeghi Peter K Kaiser Ingrid U Scott Jonathan E Sears Matthew Benz Juan P Sinesterra Richard S Kaiser Sophie J Bakri Raj K Maturi Jonathan Belmont Paul M Beer Timothy G Murray Hugo Quiroz-Mercado William F Mieler | 2003 | American Journal of Ophthalmology2003，，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Empirical modeling of butyl acrylate/vinyl acetate/acrylic acid emulsion-based pressure-sensitive adhesives显示文摘 | JOVANOVIC RENATA MCKENNA TIMOTHY F DUBE MARC A | 2004 | Macromolecular Materials and Engineering2004，289，5： | 1 |
| 19 | The adipoinsular axis:effects of leptin on pancreatic β-cells显示文摘 | Timothy J Kieffer Joel F Habener | 2002 | Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab2002，78，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Mercury toxicity tue to use of a cosmetic cream 显示文摘 | Cheryl M Leslie V B Timothy J F | 2000 | Occup Environ Med2000，42，1： | 1 |
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