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1中国成年人代谢综合征的患病率显示文摘目的本研究旨在提供关于我国35~74岁一般成年人群代谢综合征(MS)及其主要组成成分患病率的最新资料。方法我们于2000~2001年在全国35~74岁的成年人群中代表性地选择了15540例个体进行横断面调查。根据国际糖尿病联盟2004年度推荐的有关中国人MS的标准诊断MS和进行组分分类。结果男女合计,年龄未标化的MS患病率为16.5%。年龄标化后的MS患病率,男女分别为10.0%和23.3%;年龄标化后的患病率,北方和南方地区分别为23.3%和11.5%,城市和农村地区分别为23.5%和14.7%。我国北方居民的MS患病率高于南方居民,城市居民高于农村居民。结论我国成年人中有相当比例的个体患有MS。这些结果提示我国亟需制定面向全国的预防、检测和治疗MS的卫生策略,以降低心血管疾病的社会负担。顾东风 Reynolds K 杨文杰 陈恕凤 吴锡桂 段秀芳 蒲晓东 徐丽华 吴先萍 陈祥福 魏仁敏 陈娜萦 吴天一 王礼桂 姚才良 牟建军 马义峰 王晓飞 Whelton P 何江 2005中华糖尿病杂志(1006-6187)2005,13,3:579
2中国成年人高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗和控制状况显示文摘目的 评估中国成年人高血压的患病率、高血压知晓率、治疗和控制状况。方法 亚洲国际心血管病合作研究 (InterASIA)于 2 0 0 0~ 2 0 0 1年进行 ,应用多阶段抽样方法选择有代表性的样本。共调查了 35~ 74岁的成年人 15 838人。测量血压时 ,先让调查对象休息 5min ,由经过培训合格的调查人员应用标准水银柱血压计测量 3次血压。应用标准问卷询问高血压病史及高血压的治疗情况。高血压定义为收缩压≥ 140mmHg、舒张压≥ 90mmHg或正在服用降压药。结果 35~ 74岁的中国成年人的高血压患病率为 2 7 2 %,即全国约有 1 3亿高血压患者。 35~ 44、45~ 5 4、5 5~ 6 4和 6 5~ 74岁年龄组的高血压患病专率分别为男性 17 4%、 2 8 2 %、 40 7%和 47 3 %;女性为 10 7%、2 6 8%、38 9%和 5 0 2 %。在高血压病人中 ,44 7%知道自己患有高血压 ,2 8 2 %正在服用降压药 ,8 1%的人血压得到了控制 ( <140 / 90mmHg)。在过去 10年中 ,高血压知晓、治疗和控制率的增长百分率分别为 86 2 %、92 6 %和 145 4%。结论 在过去的 10年中 ,高血压知晓、治疗和控制率有显著的提高。中国成年人高血压的患病率比较高 ,而高血压的知晓率偏低 ,治疗率和控制率又非常低。在我国迫切需要改善高血压的预防、检测和治疗状况?顾东风 Jiang He 吴锡桂 Kristi Reynolds 甘文奇 刘东海 宿少勇 段秀芳 黄广勇 Paul K.Whelton 2003中华预防医学杂志2003,37,2:553
3中国成年人主要死亡原因及其危险因素显示文摘目的调查我国成人的主要死亡原因及其可改变的主要危险因素。方法前瞻性队列研究。该队列包括169871名≥40岁男女性有代表性样本,基线调查于1991年,于1999和2000年进行随访,随访率为93.4%。结果我国40~64岁人群中,恶性肿瘤、脑血管疾病和心脏病死亡率分别为265.9/10万人.年、171.5/10万人.年和159.1/10万人.年,高于美国同年龄人群。高血压的全死因相对危险性和人群归因危险度(PAR)分别为1.48%(95%CI1.44~1.53),11.7%;与未患高血压的人群相比,高血压患者总死亡率高48%,若高血压得到有效控制,预计全人群的全死因死亡将下降11.7%。吸烟、缺乏体力活动分别为第2、3位主要死亡原因,吸烟、缺乏体力活动PAR分别是7.9%和6.8%。男性的前5位死因为恶性肿瘤、心脏病、脑血管疾病、意外伤害和传染病;女性前5位死因为心脏病、脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、肺炎、流感和传染性疾病。结论血管疾病和癌症是中国成年人死亡的主要原因。控制血压、戒烟、增加体力活动和改善营养等方法是降低中国成年人早死负担的重要策略。顾东风 Jiang He 吴锡桂 段秀芳 姚崇华 王家良 Kristi Reynolds Chung-Shiuan Chen Michael J.Klag Paul K.Whelton 2006中国慢性病预防与控制2006,14,3:74
4植物表型组学:发展、现状与挑战显示文摘随着遥感、机器人技术、计算机视觉和人工智能的发展,植物表型组学研究已经步入了快速成长阶段。本文首先介绍了植物表型组学的发展简史,包括其理论核心、研究方法、在生物研究中的应用以及国际上最新的研究动向。然后,针对各类表型技术载体平台如手持、人载、车载、田间实时监控、大型室内外自动化平台和航空机载等,分析这些技术手段在室内、外植物研究中的应用情况和实际问题。为了对表型研究中产生的巨量图像和传感器数据进行量化分析,把大数据转化为有实际意义的性状信息和生物学知识,本文着重讨论了后期表型数据解析和相应的研发过程。最后,提出表型组学的应用前景与未来展望,以期为中国的表型研究提供指导和建议。周济 Francois Tardieu Tony Pridmore John Doonan Daniel Reynolds Neil Hall Simon Griffiths 程涛 朱艳 王秀娥 姜东 丁艳锋 2018南京农业大学学报2018,41,4:64
5Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: Is blinding necessary?显示文摘Alejandro R. Jadad R.Andrew Moore Dawn Carroll Crispin Jenkinson D.John M. Reynolds David J. Gavaghan Henry J. McQuay 1996Controlled Clinical Trials1996,,1:25
6抗精神病药物致体重增加与5羟色胺2C受体基因启动子区多态性的关系显示文摘目的 探讨首发精神分裂症患者抗精神病药物 (APS)治疗过程中的体重增加与 5羟色胺 2C受体 (HTR2C)基因启动区 - 759C/T单核酸置换多态性有无相关。方法 采用PCR RFLP技术分析 1 1 7例首发精神分裂症患者 (男 58例 ,女 59例 )HTR2C基因 - 759C/T半合子 (男性 )或基因型 (女性 )分布频率 ,APS(利培酮或氯丙嗪 )单药治疗 1 0周 ,测定患者治疗前后的体重和体重指数 (BMI) ,并分析半合子或基因型与BMI变化值的相关性。结果 治疗后患者平均体重增加 (3 2± 3 5)kg或基础体重的 (5 7± 6 2 ) % ,体重变化范围为 - 7kg~ 1 2kg或 - 7 8%~ 32 %。 58例男性患者突变型半合子频率为 1 9% ,59例女性患者突变型纯合子频率为 0 % ,杂合子频率为 2 7 0 %。 - 759T半合子 (男性 )或杂合子 (女性 )在体重增加 >7%和体重增加 <7%的患者组分布差异有非常显著意义 (χ2 =2 2 35 ,P=0 0 0 0 1 ;χ2 =1 2 36 ,P =0 0 0 0 1 ) ;与携带 - 759T半合子或杂合子患者组相比 ,不携带者体重增加的危险度高 5~ 6倍 (OR =5 1 1 ,6 68)。结论 HTR2C基因启动区 - 759C/T单核酸置换多态性与APS治疗导致汉族精神分裂症患者体重增加相关联 ,而 - 759C→T单核酸置换是防止和限制体重增加的基因保护因素。张志珺 张晓斌 姚志剑 孙静 姚辉 侯钢 张心保 陈建芳 Gavin P Reynolds 2002中华医学杂志2002,82,16:23
7接受治疗的老年高血压患者的血压、抗高血压药物应用、衰弱指标与严重摔伤风险的关系显示文摘一些研究表明,降压药物、低收缩压和舒张压与跌倒风险增加相关。许多老年人表现出衰弱的指征,这可能会增加跌倒的风险。该研究纳入脑卒中地区和种族差异原因(the reasons for geographic and racial differences in stroke,REGARDS)研究中年龄≥65岁的受试者5236例,探索收缩压、舒张压、抗高血压药物类别数量以及衰弱指标与严重跌倒损伤风险的关系,刘莉 叶鹏 Bromfield SG Ngameni CA Colantonio LD Bowling CB Shimbo D Reynolds K Safford MM Banach M Toth PP Muntner P 2017中华高血压杂志2017,25,8:19
8Calcium phosphate cements for bone engineering and their biological properties显示文摘Calcium phosphate cements(CPCs) are frequently used to repair bone defects. Since their discovery in the 1980 s, extensive research has been conducted to improve their properties, and emerging evidence supports their increased application in bone tissue engineering. Much effort has been made to enhance the biological performance of CPCs, including their biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, biodegradability,bioactivity, and interactions with cells. This review article focuses on the major recent developments in CPCs,including 3 D printing, injectability, stem cell delivery, growth factor and drug delivery, and prevascularization of CPC scaffolds via co-culture and tri-culture techniques to enhance angiogenesis and osteogenesis.Hockin HK Xu Ping Wang Lin Wang Chongyun Bao Qianming Chen Michael D Weir Laurence C Chow Liang Zhao Xuedong Zhou Mark A Reynolds 2017Bone Research2017,5,4:14
9Development of tuneable effects warheads显示文摘The tuneable effects concept is aimed at achieving selectable blast and fragmentation output,to enable one charge to be used in different scenarios requiring different levels of blast and fragmentation lethality.It is a concept Qineti Q has been developing for an energetic fill consisting of three principal components arranged in co-axial layers,two explosive layers separated by a mitigating but reactive layer.The concept was originally designed to operate in two modes,a low output mode which only detonates the central core of high explosive and a high output mode which detonated both the central core and outer layer of the explosive.Two charge case designs where manufactured and tested;one of these designs showed a reduction in blast and fragment velocities of^33%and^20%,respectively,in the low output mode.Mark REYNOLDS William HUNTINGTON-THRESHER 2016Defence Technology(防务技术)2016,12,3:13
10Celulose Paper-based Strapping Products for Green/Sustainable Packaging Needs显示文摘Paper products such as corrugated paperboards are the most common green packaging materials, which are renewable, sustainable, recyclable and biodegradable. However, the plastic or metal straps used to secure the carton boxes are not so green. At the end of packaging, the carton boxes can be recycled, but the plastic/metal straps have to be sorted out for disposal separately. This review focuses on: 1) the global trend of green packaging;2) conventional plastic/metal strapping materials for carton boxes;3) conventional market pulp baling with steel wire as the tying materials;4) cellulose fiber-based materials for strapping market pulp bales and carton boxes. New generation of cellulose paper straps are being developed for more challenging applications with superior strength properties and repulpability.Zhibin He Amit Chowdhury Li Tong Mike Reynolds Yonghao Ni 2019Paper And Biomaterials2019,4,3:11
11Copper Delivery by the Copper Chaperone for Chloroplast and Cytosolic Copper/Zinc- Superoxide Dismutases: Regulation and Unexpected Phenotypes in an Arabidopsis Mutant显示文摘铜(Cu ) 是作为与 plastocyanin 和 Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD ) 联系的一个余因子在叶绿体发现的重要矿物质营养素。Superoxide dismutases 是在减少氧化应力与建议角色在很氧的有机体发现的 metallo 酶。在 Arabidopsis 的几最近的研究显示出那 microRNAs 和一个 SQUAMOSA 倡导者绑定 protein-like7 (SPL7 ) 抄写因素函数到下面调整许多 Cu 蛋白质的表达式包括在质体和 cytosol 的 Cu/ZnSOD,在低 Cu 上的生长期间。植物为把 Cu 送到 Cu/ZnSODs 的草皮(CCS ) 包含 Cu 女伴,并且,在 Arabidopsis, cytosolic 和 plastidic CCS 版本被一基因编码。在这研究,我们证明 Arabidopsis CCS 抄本层次被 Cu 调整,由 microRNA 调停了 398 那以前没被预言指向 CCS。microRNA 目标地点在 Oryza sativa 的 CCS 被保存。数据建议那调整 Cu 的 microRNAs 可以有更多的 mRNA 目标比以前被预言。CCS 空异种不在叶绿体和 cytosol 举办可测量的草皮活动,显示为 CCS 的一个绝对要求。当 CCS 空异种在高 Cu 媒介上是成年的时,它缺乏两 Fe superoxide dismutase (FeSOD ) 和 Cu/ZnSOD 活动。然而,这没导致视觉显型,没有光合的缺乏被检测,甚至在高轻的应力以后。这些结果显示 Cu/ZnSOD 不在处于实验室条件的生长期间是光合的抗氧化剂系统的一个枢轴的部件。Christopher M. Cohu Salah E. Abdel-Ghany Kathryn A. Gogolin Reynolds Alexander M. Onofrio Jared R. Bodecker Jeffrey A. Kimbrel Krishna K. Niyogi Marinus Pilon 2009Molecular Plant2009,2,6:9
12中国成年人体重与死亡率的关系显示文摘目的探讨中国成年人体重指数(BMI)与死亡率的关系。方法本项前瞻性队列研究包括全国40岁以上男性和女性共169 871人。1991年采用标准化方案进行基线调查获得体重和其它各项数据,1999年至2000年对该人群进行了全部死亡原因的随访,应答率93.4%(n=158 666)。结果排除体重或身高缺失的数据后,共分析了154 736名成年人的资料。在调整年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒、体力活动、文化程度、地域以及城乡等因素后,BMI与全因死亡率之间呈'U'型相关(p<0.01)。若以BMI 24.0~24.9 kg/m^2者为参照组,BMI<18.5、18.5~19.9、20.0~20.9、21.0~21.9、22.0~22.9、23.0~23.9、25.0~26.9、27.0~29.9和≥30.0 kg/m^2组的全因死亡相对危险度分别为1.65(95%CI,1.54-1.77)、1.31(95%CI,1.22.1.41)、1.20(95%CI,1.11-1.29)、1.12(95%CI,1.04-1.21)、1.11(95%CI,1.03-1.20)、1.09(95%CI,1.01.1.19)、1.00(95%CI,0.92-1.08)、1.15(95%CI,1.06.1.24)和1.29(95%CI,,1.16-1.42)。即使排除了现在或曾经吸烟者、酗酒者、基线检查有慢性疾病者、基线调查后3年内死亡者,这种'U'型关系仍然存在。BMI与心血管疾病、癌症以及其它死因死亡率之间均有类似关系。结论中国成年人群低体重和肥胖都与死亡率的增加有关,建议在所有种族和民族中采用一个共同标准来定义超重和肥胖。顾东风 HE Jiang 段秀芳 吴锡桂 Kristi Reynolds CHEN Jing 黄广勇 CHEN Chung Shiuan Paul K.Whelton 陈纪春 2007中华内分泌代谢杂志2007,23,4:8
13基于图像处理的冬小麦植被覆盖率测定及其遗传解析显示文摘植被覆盖率是反映植株生长势的重要生理性状,在旱作地区尤为重要。图像处理技术能够快速有效地对苗期和孕穗期植被覆盖率进行量化分析。以28份山东小麦主栽品种和品系为材料,在240株m^-2和360株m-2密度下,连续2年测定了孕穗前不同发育阶段的植被覆盖率,并利用921个DArT标记和83个SSR标记分析了与植被覆盖率相关的遗传区段。结果表明,不同密度下,冬小麦植被覆盖率在越冬期、返青期和孕穗期存在显著差异,而拔节期基本一致。拔节期植被覆盖率与春季最高分蘖数、抽穗后群体叶面积指数、单位面积穗数和籽粒产量均呈显著正相关,r=0.73~0.76(P〈0.01),表明拔节期植被覆盖率可用于预测上述性状。共检测出12个遗传区段与植被覆盖率相关联,大部分区段直接参与调控苗期和孕穗期的生长势。10个遗传区段与已报道的苗期性状、产量性状及抗病位点一致,其中5BL、6AS和6BL染色体上携带的植被覆盖率相关遗传区段与已报道的苗期比叶面积和生物量等位点完全相同。建议将植被覆盖率作为生长势量化指标,用于育种选择和遗传研究。肖永贵 刘建军 夏先春 陈新民 Matthew REYNOLDS 何中虎 2013作物学报2013,39,11:8
14Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: Is blinding necessary?显示文摘Alejandro R. Jadad R.Andrew Moore Dawn Carroll Crispin Jenkinson D.John M. Reynolds David J. Gavaghan Henry J. McQuay 1996Controlled Clinical Trials1996,,1:7
15Partial protection induced by phage library-selected peptides mimicking epitopes of Schistosoma japonicum显示文摘Objective To obtain peptide mimicking epitopes of Schistosoma japonicum (S.japonicum) through screening of a phage peptide library and to test their potential for induction of protection. Methods S.japonicum infected sera from Microtus fortis (IMFS) and normal sera from Microtus fortis (NMFS) were used respectively to screen a 12-mers random peptide library by testing the reactivity of anti-S.japonicum serum with the phagotopes. After three rounds of biopanning, the pooled phages were used to immunize mice, after which challenge infection was performed. Results Of 12 randomly picked clones, 10 clones selected using IMFS and 7 clones selected using NMFS were shown to be antigenic. Significant reduction in adult worms (22.6%) and a high reduction (68.9%) in liver eggs were achieved following immunization with phages screened with IMFS. However, no protection was elicited by those selected with NMFS. Conclusion The results show that the phagotopes are both antigenic and immunogenic, suggesting a potential use of phage displayed peptide as novel vaccines against S. japonicum.欧阳理 易新元Department of Pathogen Biology 曾宪芳Department of Pathogen Biology 周金春Department of Pathogen Biology 王庆林Department of Pathogen Biology Larry Mc Reynolds 2003Chinese Medical Journal2003,,1:7
16日本血吸虫Mf1和胞质氨基肽酶基因的亚克隆表达与免疫保护效果测定显示文摘目的 在大肠杆菌中高效表达日本血吸虫 (Schistosomajaponicum ,Sj)Mf1蛋白和胞质氨基肽酶 (cytosolaminopeptidase ,CA) ,并对表达产物进行免疫保护效果测定。 方法 将SjMf1基因和SjCA基因亚克隆至 pGEX - 5X - 3载体 ,转化入感受态大肠杆菌ER2 688,在IPTG诱导下进行表达 ,表达产物免疫小鼠 ,免疫用抗原剂量为 50 μg/次 /鼠 ,免疫 3次后进行攻击感染 ,观察诱导产生的减虫效果。结果 在IPTG诱导下 ,表达载体中的SjGST基因与重组的SjMf1基因和SjCA基因在大肠杆菌中获得了高效表达 ,形成SjGST -Mf1和SjGST -CA融虫蛋白 ,用这两种融合蛋白免疫小鼠 ,分别诱导产生了 39 1 5 %和 2 6 57%的减虫率。结论 SjMf1和SjCA基因亚克隆至pGEX - 5X - 3载体后可在大肠杆菌中高效表达 。王庆林 易新元 曾宪芳 罗新松 何永康 彭兴华 Larry Me Reynolds 2003中国人兽共患病杂志2003,19,2:6
17An Exploration of Deep-Learning Based Phenotypic Analysis to Detect Spike Regions in Field Conditions for UK Bread Wheat显示文摘Wheat is one of the major crops in the world,with a global demand expected to reach 850 million tons by 2050 that is clearly outpacing current supply.The continual pressure to sustain wheat yield due to the world’s growing population under fluctuating climate conditions requires breeders to increase yield and yield stability across environments.We are working to integrate deep learning into field-based phenotypic analysis to assist breeders in this endeavour.We have utilised wheat images collected by distributed CropQuant phenotyping workstations deployed for multiyear field experiments of UK bread wheat varieties.Based on these image series,we have developed a deep-learning based analysis pipeline to segment spike regions from complicated backgrounds.As a first step towards robust measurement of key yield traits in the field,we present a promising approach that employ Fully Convolutional Network(FCN)to performsemantic segmentation of images to segment wheat spike regions.We also demonstrate the benefits of transfer learning through the use of parameters obtained from other image datasets.We found that the FCN architecture had achieved a Mean classification Accuracy(MA)>82%on validation data and>76%on test data and Mean Intersection over Union value(MIoU)>73%on validation data and and>64%on test datasets.Through this phenomics research,we trust our attempt is likely to form a sound foundation for extracting key yield-related traits such as spikes per unit area and spikelet number per spike,which can be used to assist yield-focused wheat breeding objectives in near future.Tahani Alkhudaydi Daniel Reynolds Simon Griffiths Ji Zhou Beatriz de la Iglesia 2019Plant Phenomics2019,1,1:5
18Tumor Antigen Specific Activation of Primary Human T-Cells Expressing a Virally Encoded Chimeric T-Cell Receptor Specific for p185HER2显示文摘We have developed and tested chimeric T-cell receptors (TCR) specific for p185HER2. In these experiments, retroviral vectors expressing the N29γ or N29ζ receptors were constructed in pRET6. Amphotropic viral producer cells were established in the GALV-based PG13 packaging cell line. Ficoll purified human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were virally transduced using an optimized protocol incorporating activation with immobilized anti-CD3/anti-CD28 monoclonal anti- bodies, followed by viral infection in the presence of fibronectin fragment CH296. Transduced cells were co-cultured with human tumor cell lines that overexpress (SK-OV-3) or underexpress (MCF7) p185HER2 to assay for antigen specific im- mune responses. Both CM+ and CD8+ T-cells transduced with the N29γ or N29ζ chTCR demonstrated HER2-specific anti- gen responses, as determined by release of Th1 like cytokines, and cellular cytotoxicity assays. Our results support the fea- sibility of adoptive immunotherapy with genetically modified T-cells expressing a chTCR specific for p185HER2.杨建民 Michael S FRIEDMAN Christopher M REYNOLDS Marianne T HUBEN Lee WILKE Jennifer FULLER 李桥 Zelig ESHHAR James J MULE Kevin T MCDONAGH 2004Journal of Microbiology and Immunology2004,2,4:5
19抗炎介质表达缺陷参与中性粒细胞型支气管哮喘发病机制:半乳糖凝集素-3和白细胞介素-1RA/白细胞介素-1beta比例显著下降显示文摘支气管哮喘(哮喘)是具有异质性的气道炎症性疾病,其主要特点表现为气道高反应和可变的气流受限。在哮喘的发病机制中,过敏原诱导的TH2淋巴细胞激活以及IL-5介导的嗜酸粒细胞渗出起到重要的作用。近年来发现超过50%的哮喘患者气道的嗜酸粒细胞水平并不增高,并将这种亚型定义为非嗜酸粒细胞型哮喘。其中部分患者表现为气道中性粒细胞明显增高,称为中性粒细胞型哮喘。高鹏 Peter G Gibson Katherine J Baines Ian A Yang John W Upham Paul N Reynolds Sandra Hodge Alan L James Christine Jenkins Matthew J Peters 张捷 Jodie L Simpson 2016中华结核和呼吸杂志2016,39,11:5
20Assessment of the individual and combined effects of Rht8 and Ppd-D1a on plant height, time to heading and yield traits in common wheat显示文摘Grain yield in cereal crops is a complex trait controlled by multiple genes and influenced by developmental processes and environment. Here we report the effects of alleles Rht8 and Ppd-D1 a on plant height, time to heading, and grain yield and its component traits. Association analysis and quantitative trait locus mapping using phenotypic data from 15 environments led to the following conclusions. First, both Rht8 and Ppd-D1 a reduce plant height. However, Ppd-D1 a but not Rht8 causes earlier heading.Second, both Rht8 and Ppd-D1 a promote grain yield and affect component traits. Their combined effects are substantially larger than those conferred by either allele alone.Third, promotion of grain yield by Rht8 and Ppd-D1 a is through increasing fertile spikelet number. We speculate that Rht8 and Ppd-D1 a act independently and additively in control of plant height, grain yield and yield component. Combination of the two alleles is desirable for adjusting plant height and enhancing grain yield and abiotic stress tolerance.Kunpu Zhang Junjun Wang Huanju Qin Zhiying Wei Libo Hang Pengwei Zhang Matthew Reynolds Daowen Wang 2019The Crop Journal2019,7,6:5
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