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| 1 | Sporadic versus hereditary gastrinomas of the duodenum and pancreas: Distinct clinico-pathological and epidemiological features显示文摘Gastrinomas are defined as gastrin secreting tumors that are associated with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES). ZES is characterized by elevated fasting gastrin serum levels, positive secretin stimulation test and clinical symptoms such as recurrent peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal re?ux disease and occasional diarrhea. Genetically, nonhereditary (sporadic) gastrinomas are distinguished from hereditary gastrinomas, which are associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome. In general, duodenal gastrinomas are small and solitary if they are sporadic and multiple as well as hereditary. The sporadic gastrinomas occur in the duodenum or in the pancreas while the hereditary gastrinomas almost all occur in the duodenum. Our series of 77 sporadic duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) includes 18 patients (23.4%) with gastrinomas and ZES. Of 535 sporadic NETs in the pancreas collected from the NET archives of the departments of pathology in Zürich, Switzerland, and Kiel, Germany, 24 patients (4.5%) suffered from sporadic pancreatic gastrinomas and ZES. These NETs have to be distinguished fromtumors with immunohistochemical positivity for gastrin but without evidence of ZES. An additional 19 patients suffered from MEN1 and ZES. These patients showed exclusively duodenal gastrinomas, but not pancreatic gastrinomas. The prognosis of sporadic and MEN1- associated duodenal gastrinomas is better than that of pancreatic gastrinomas, since they progress slowly to liver metastasis. In summary, sporadic and MEN1- associated gastrinomas in the duodenum and pancreas show different clinico-pathological and genetic features. The incidence of sporadic duodenal gastrin-producing tumors is increasing, possibly due to optimized diagnostic procedures. In contrast, pancreatic MEN1- associated gastrinomas seem to be extremely rare. A considerable subset of tumors with immunohistochemical expression of gastrin but without evidence of ZES should be designated as functionally inactive NETs expressing gastrin, but not as gastrinomas. | Martin Anlauf Nele Garbrecht Tobias Henopp Anja Schmitt Regina Schlenger Andreas Raffel Markus Krausch Oliver Gimm Claus F Eisenberger Wolfram T Knoefel Henning Dralle Paul Komminoth Philipp U Heitz Aurel Perren Günter Klppel | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，34： | 7 |
| 2 | Norfloxacin vs Ceftriaxone in the Prophylaxis of Infections in Patients With Advanced Cirrhosis and Hemorrhage显示文摘 | Javier Fernández Luis Ruiz del Arbol Cristina Gómez Rosa Durandez Regina Serradilla Carlos Guarner Ramón Planas Vicente Arroyo Miguel Navasa | 2006 | Gastroenterology2006，，4： | 2 |
| 3 | Lymphangiogenesis concurrent with haemangiogenesis in the human cornea显示文摘 | Regina M Zimmerman R Malik G | | 0，，6： | 1 |
| 4 | Vitamins B1 and B2 contents in cultivated mushrooms显示文摘 | REGINA PZF HELENA T G | 2008 | Food Chemistry2008，106，2： | 1 |
| 5 | In uence of pulse repetition rate of Er:YAG laser and dentin depth on tensile bond strength of dentin-resin interface显示文摘 | Mariane G Silmara AMC Regina GPD | 2007 | J of Biomed Mater Res2007，1，： | 1 |
| 6 | Process configurations adapted to membrane bioreactors for enhanced biological phosphorous and nitrogen removal显示文摘 | Boris L Regina G Chritian A | 2002 | Desalination2002，149，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Adsorption of thorium onto different particle types: experimental findings 显示文摘 | WALTER G REGINA U | 2004 | Geochimca et Cosmochimca Acta2004，68，： | 1 |
| 8 | Rare earth element and isotope (C, O, Sr) characteristics of hydrothermal carbonates: genetic implications for dolomite-hosted talc mineralization at G?pfersgrün (Fichtelgebirge, Germany)显示文摘 | Lutz Hecht Regina Freiberger H.Albert Gilg Günter Grundmann Yuri A. Kostitsyn | 1999 | Chemical Geology1999，，1： | 1 |
| 9 | 显示文摘 | REGINA M M G ELISABETH W JAMILE R R | 2007 | Bioresource Technology2007，99，： | 1 |
| 10 | Anti-HIV-1 activity of pyrr- yl aryl sulfone (PAS) derivatives : synthesis and SAR studies of novel esters and amides at the position 2 of the pyrrole nucleus 显示文摘 | Silvestri R Artico M Regina G | 2004 | Farmaco2004，59，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Nutritional and genetic inefficiencies in one-carbon metabolism and cervical cancer cancer risk显示文摘 | Regina G Ziegler Stephanie J | 2002 | AM Nutr Sci2002，211，： | 1 |
| 12 | Maternal exposure to low-level air pollution and pregnancy outcomes:a population-based study显示文摘 | Ligita M Regina G | 2002 | Environmental Health:A Global Access Science Source2002，1，： | 1 |
| 13 | Aging effect on the refleetivity measurements of polyc hloroprene matrices containing carbon black and carbonyl-iron powder显示文摘 | Magali S P Maria L G Regina C R N | 2001 | Poly- mer Degradation and Stability2001，73，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Orientation of silk Ⅲ at the air-water interface显示文摘 | Regina V Samuel P G Wayne M | 1999 | International Journal of Bio- logical Macromolecules1999，24，23： | 1 |
| 15 | Expert Consensus Group report on the use of apomorphine in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease – Clinical practice recommendations显示文摘 | Claudia Trenkwalder K. Ray Chaudhuri Pedro J. García Ruiz Peter LeWitt Regina Katzenschlager Friederike Sixel-D?ring Tove Henriksen ángel Sesar Werner Poewe Mary Baker Andres Ceballos-Baumann Günther Deuschl Sophie Drapier Georg Ebersbach Andrew Evans Hub | 2015 | Parkinsonism and Related Disorders2015，，9： | 1 |
| 16 | Manufacturing multi-material articulated plastic products using in-mold assembly 显示文摘 | SATYANDRA A K P REGINA K G FLORIAN K G | 2007 | Int J Adv Manuf Technol2007，32，： | 1 |
| 17 | Hydroxylation Increases the Neurotoxic Potential of BDE-47 to Affect Exocytosis and Calcium Homeostasis in PC12 Cells显示文摘 | Dingemans Milou M L Groot Aart de Kleef Regina G D M van Bergman ?ke Berg Martin van den Vijverberg Henk P M Westerink Remco H S | 2008 | Environmental Health Perspectives2008，，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Development of a cellular assay system to study the genome replication of high- and low-risk mucosal and cutaneous human papillomaviruses 显示文摘 | Jelizaveta G Helen IP Regina P | 2011 | J Virol2011，85，7： | 1 |
| 19 | Pseudo-occlusion of the internal carotid artery: report of 15 cases and review of the literature显示文摘 | G Regina M Testini M Fullone | 1997 | Int Angiol1997，16，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Nutritional and Genetic Inefficiencies in One- Carbon Metabolism and Cervical Cancer Risk显示文摘 | Regina G Ziegler Stephanie J Weinstein Thomas R Fears | 2002 | J Nutr2002，132，： | 1 |
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