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| 1 | 帕博利珠单抗单用或与放疗联用治疗转移性非小细胞肺癌:两个随机试验的汇总分析显示文摘背景放疗可以提高整个机体对免疫治疗的应答。在Ⅱ期PEMBRO-RT研究和Ⅰ/Ⅱ期MDACC研究中,患有转移性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的患者被随机分配入组,接受免疫治疗(帕博利珠单抗)+放疗联合疗法,或免疫治疗单一疗法。当上述2个研究单独分析时,联合疗法组显示出潜在获益。由于每个研究的样本量较小,缓解率和结局并未显示出统计学意义,然而却有显著的临床获益。因此,本研究进行汇总分析,来判断放疗是否会改善转移性NSCLC患者的免疫治疗应答。方法PEMBRO-RT和MDACC研究纳入标准:患者年龄≥18岁,患有转移性NSCLC,且有≥1处未经放疗照射的病灶,以便进行射野外应答监测。PEMBRO-RT研究纳入曾接受过化疗患者,MDACC研究纳入曾接受过治疗或新诊断患者。2个研究中的患者均未接受过免疫治疗。在PEMBRO-RT研究中患者被等比例随机分配入组,并根据吸烟状态进行分层(分为<10年组和≥10年组)。MDACC研究的患者根据放疗计划可行性被等比例随机分配入2个受试组。由于联合治疗组的干预本质,每个研究中的放疗均不适用盲法。在2个研究中,不论是否进行放疗,均静脉滴入帕博利珠单抗(每3周200 mg)。在PEMBRO-RT研究中,在放疗(24 Gy 3次分割照射)结束后1周给予第1剂帕博利珠单抗。在MDACC研究中,在第1次放疗(50 Gy 4次分割照射或45 Gy 15次分割照射)同时给予帕博利珠单抗。仅检测未经照射病灶的应答。本研究的终点为最佳射野外(远隔)应答率(ARR)、最佳射野外疾病控制率(ACR)、12周时ARR、12周时ACR、无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期(OS)。2个研究的意向治疗(ITT)人群均纳入分析。PEMBRO-RT研究(NCT02492568)和MDACC研究(NCT02444741)均在ClinicalTrials.gov上注册。发现纳入148例患者,76例接受帕博利珠单抗治疗,72例接受帕博利珠单抗+放疗治疗。所有患者随访时间中位数为33个月[四分位距(IQR):32.4~33.6]。148例患者中124例(84%)组织学特征为非鳞癌,111例(75%)患者曾经接受过化疗。组间没有基线特征差异,包括PD-L1表达状态和转移灶体积。最常见的照射部位为肺转移灶(39%,28/72)、胸腔内淋巴结(21%,15/72)和非原发灶(17%,12/72)。帕博利珠单抗组和联合治疗组的最佳ARR分别为19.7%(15/76)和41.7%(30/72),OR=2.96,95%CI:1.42~6.20,P=0.0039;最佳ACR分别为43.4%(33/76)和65.3%(47/72),OR=2.51,95%CI:1.28~4.91,P=0.0071;PFS中位数分别为4.4(IQR:2.9~5.9)和9.0个月(IQR:6.8~11.2),HR=0.67,95%CI:0.45~0.99,P=0.045;OS中位数分别为8.7(IQR:6.4~11.0)和19.2个月(IQR:14.6~23.8),OR=0.67,95%CI:0.54~0.84,P=0.0004。在汇总分析中没有发现新的安全问题。解读帕博利珠单抗免疫疗法+放疗显著提高转移性NSCLC患者的应答和改善治疗结局。这些结果需要在三期临床试验中进行验证。 | 陈大卫(翻译) 于金明(校对) Willemijn S M E Theelen Vivek Verma Brian P Hobbs Heike M U Peulen Joachim G J V Aerts Idris Bahce Anna Larissa N Niemeijer Joe Y Chang Patricia M de Groot Quynh-Nhu Nguyen Nathan I Comeaux George R Simon Ferdinandos Skoulidis Steven H Lin Kewen He Roshal Patel John Heymach Paul Baas James W Welsh | 2021 | 中华肿瘤防治杂志2021，28，24： | 49 |
| 2 | Type V CRISPR-Cas Cpfl endonuclease employs a unique mechanism for crRNA-mediated target DNA recognition显示文摘 | Pu Gao Hui Yang Kanagalaghatta R Rajashankar Zhiwei Huang Dinshaw J Patel | 2016 | Cell Research2016，26，8： | 28 |
| 3 | Molecular mechanisms of viral hepatitis induced hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Chronic infection with viral hepatitis affects half a billion individuals worldwide and can lead to cirrhosis,cancer,and liver failure.Liver cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-associated mortality,of which hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)represents 90%of all primary liver cancers.Solid tumors like HCC are complex and have heterogeneous tumor genomic profiles contributing to complexity in diagnosis and management.Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus(HBV),hepatitis delta virus(HDV),and hepatitis C virus(HCV)are the greatest etiological risk factors for HCC.Due to the significant role of chronic viral infection in HCC development,it is important to investigate direct(viral associated)and indirect(immune-associated)mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of HCC.Common mechanisms used by HBV,HCV,and HDV that drive hepatocarcinogenesis include persistent liver inflammation with an impaired antiviral immune response,immune and viral protein-mediated oxidative stress,and deregulation of cellular signaling pathways by viral proteins.DNA integration to promote genome instability is a feature of HBV infection,and metabolic reprogramming leading to steatosis is driven by HCV infection.The current review aims to provide a brief overview of HBV,HCV and HDV molecular biology,and highlight specific viral-associated oncogenic mechanisms and common molecular pathways deregulated in HCC,and current as well as emerging treatments for HCC. | Simmone D'souza Keith CK Lau Carla S Coffin Trushar R Patel | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，38： | 25 |
| 4 | Antidiabetic and in vitro antioxidant potential of Hybanthus enneaspermus(Linn) F.Muell in streptozotocin—induced diabetic rats显示文摘Objective:To evaluate antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of Hybanthus enneaspermus in different models.Methods:The oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) and normoglycemic effect of alcoholic extract of Hybanthus enneaspermus(AHE) were evaluated at a dose of 125,250 and 500mg/kg p.o.while hypoglycemic activity and effect on body weight were tested at 250 and 500 mg/kg p.o.per day for 21 days in Streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats.Further,glucose uptake by hemidiaphram was also evaluated.The total polyphenolic and flavonoid were determined and their correlation with various antioxidant assays was also determined.Results:The results showed high level of phenolic content in AHE.AHE also exhibited higher total antioxidant capacity,good reducing power and a significant scavenger of reactive oxygen species like DPPH radical,nitric oxide,hydrogen peroxide and deoxyribose.Furthermore there was a significant increase in the body weight and decrease in the blood glucose level on treatment with the AHE.AHE increased glucose uptake on isolated rat hemi-diaphragm compared to control group.Conclusions:AHE reduce blood glucose level in STZ-induced diabetic model.It does not show significant effect in normoglycemic study but showes significant effect in OGT.AHE has significant antioxidant activity,which may be attributed to high phenolic content. | Patel DK Kumar R Prasad SK Sairam K Hemalatha S | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2011，1，4： | 22 |
| 5 | Management of pancreaticobiliary disease using a new intra-ductal endoscope:The Texas experience显示文摘AIM:To evaluate a new single-operator mini-endoscope, Spyglass,for its performance,feasibility and safety in the management of pancreaticobiliary disease. METHODS:In a multicenter retrospective analysis of patients undergoing intraductal endoscopy,we evaluated 128 patients(71 men,mean age 57.6 years).Indications were therapeutic(TX)in 72(56%) and diagnostic(DX)in 56(44%). RESULTS:Peroral endoscopy was performed in 121 and percutaneous in seven.TX indications included CBD stones in 41,PD stones in six,and biliary strictures in 25.DX indications included abnormal LFT’s in 15, abnormal imaging in 38 and cholangiocarcinoma staging in three.Visualization of the stone(s)was considered good in 31,fair in six,and poor in four. Advancement of the electrohydraulic lithotripsy probe was not possible in three patients and proper targeting of the lesion was partial in four patients.A holmium laser was used successfully in three patients.Ductal clearance was achieved in 37 patients after one procedure and in four patients after two procedures.Diagnosis of biliary strictures was modified in 20/29 and confirmed to be malignant in 10/23.Of the modified patients,no diagnosis was available in 17.Spyglass demonstrated malignancy in 8/17 and non-malignancy in nine.Suspected pathology by imaging studies and abnormal LFT’s was modified in 43/63(66%).Staging of cholangiocarcinoma demonstrated multicentric cholangiocarcinoma in 2/3.There was no morbidity associated with the use of Spyglass. CONCLUSION:Spyglass Spyscopeis a first generation, single operator miniature endoscope that can evaluate and treat various biliary and pancreatic tract diseases. | Douglas S Fishman Paul R Tarnasky Sandeep N Patel Isaac Raijman | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，11： | 22 |
| 6 | Diabetes mellitus:An overview on its pharmacological aspects and reported medicinal plants having antidiabetic activity显示文摘Diabetes mellitus is not a single disease but is a group of metabolic disorders affecting a huge numlier of population in the world.It is mainly characterized by chronic hyperglycemia,resulting from defects in insulin secretion or insulin action.It is predicated that the number of diabetes person in the world could reach upto 366 million by the year 2030.Even though the cases of diabetes are increasing day by day,except insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs no other way of treatment has been successfully developed so far.Thus,the objective of the present review is to provide an insight over the pathophysiological and etiological aspects of diabetes mellitus along with the remedies available for this metabolic disorder.The review also contains brief idea about diabetes mellitus and the experimental screening model with their relevant mechanism and significance mainly used nowadays.Alloxan and streptozotocin are mainly used for evaluating the antidiabetic activity of a particular drug.This review contain list of medicinal plants which have been tested for their antidiabetic activity in the alloxan induced diabetic rat model.From the available data in the literature,it was found that plant having antidiabetic activity is mainly due to the presence of the secondary metabolite.Thus,the information provided in this review will help the researchers for the development of an alternative methods rather than insidin and oral hypoglycemic agents for the treatment of diabetes niellitus,which will minimize the complication associated with the diabetes and related disorder. | Patel DK Kumar R Laloo D Hemalatha S | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，2，5： | 17 |
| 7 | A review on medicinal importance,pharmacological activity and bioanalytical aspects of beta-carboline alkaloid 'Harmine'显示文摘Harmine,a beta-carboline alkaloid,is widely distributed in the plants,marine creatures,insects, mammalians as well as in human tissues and body fluids.Harmine was originally isolated from seeds of Peganum harmal in 1847 having a core indole structure and a pyridine ring.Harmine has various types of pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial,antifungal,antitumor,cytotoxic, antiplasmodial,antioxidaant,antimutagenic,antigenotoxic and hallucinogenic properties.It acts on gamma-aminobutyric acid type A and monoamine oxidase A or B receptor,enhances insulin sensitivity and also produces vasorelaxant effect.Harmine prevents bone loss by suppressing osteoclastogenesis.The current review gives an overview on pharmacological activity and analytical techniques of harmine,which may be useful for researcheres to explore the hidden potential of harmine and and will also help in developing new drugs for the treatment of various diseases. | K Patel M Gadewar R Tripathi SK Prasad Dinesh Kumar Patel | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，2，8： | 17 |
| 8 | An overview on antidiabetic medicinal plants having insulin mimetic property显示文摘Diabetes mellitus is one of the common metabolic disorders acquiring around 2.8%of the world's population and is anticipated to cross 5.4%by the year 2025.Since long back herbal medicines have been the highly esteemed source of medicine therefore,they have become a growing part of modern,high-tech medicine.In view of the above aspects the present review provides profiles of plants(65 species) with hypoglycaemic properties,available through literature source from various database with proper categorization according to the parts used,mode of reduction in blood glucose(insulinomimetic or insulin secretagugues activity) and active phyloconsliluents having insulin mimetics activity.From the review it was suggested that,plant showing hypoglycemic potential mainly belongs to the family Leguminoseae,Lamiaceae,Liliaceae,Cucurbitaceae, Asteraceae,Moraceae,Rosaceae and Araliaceae.The most active plants are Allium sativum. Gymnema sylvestre,Citrullus colocynthis,Trigonella foenum greacum,Momordica charantia and Ficuts bengalensis.The review describes some new bioactive drugs and isolated compounds from plants such as roseoside,epigallocatechin gallate,beta-pyrazol-1-ylalanine,cinchonain Ib,leucocyandin 3-O-beta-d-galactosyl cellobioside,leucopelargonidin-3- O-alpha-L rhamuoside,glycyrrhetinic acid,dehydrotrametenolic acid,strictinin,isostrictinin,pedunculagin, epicatechin and christinin-A showing significant insulinomimetic and antidiabetic activity with more efficacy than conventional hypoglycaemic agents.Thus,from the review majorly,the antidiabetic activity of medicinal plants is attributed to the presence of polyphenols,flavonoida, terpenoids,coumarins and other constituents which show reduction in blood glucose levels.The review also discusses the management aspect of diabetes mellitus using these plants and their active principles. | Patel DK Prasad SK Kumar R Hemalatha S | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，2，4： | 15 |
| 9 | Pedalium murex Linn(Pedaliaceae) fruits:a comparative antioxidant activity of its different fractions显示文摘Objective:To examine the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of different solvent fractions of Pedulium murex(P.murex)Linn fruits(Family:Pedaliaceae)as well as the correlation between the total antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content.Methods:In the present study,the antioxidant activities of P.murex were evaluated using six in-vitro assays,namely total antioxidant assay,DPPH assay,reducing power,nitric oxide scavenging,hydrogen peroxide scavenging and deoxyribose scavenging assays,and total phenol contents were also investigated.Results:The ethyl acetate(EA)fraction was found to have high levels of phenolic content(298.72±2.09 mg GAE/g).The EA fraction exhibit higher total antioxidant capacity,higher percentage of DPPH radical scavenging activity(135.11±2.95μg/mL),nitric oxide(200.57±4.5lμg/mL),hydrogen peroxide(2I7.91±6.12μg/mL),deoxyribose(250.01±4.68μg/mL)and higher reducing power.Correlation coefficient(r^2=0.914)was found to be significant between total phenolic content and total antioxidant activity.Conclusions:In general,the results indicate that the EA fractions are rich in phenolic antioxidants with potent free radical scavenging activity implying their importance to human health. | DK Patel R Kumar SK Prasad S Hemalatha | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2011，1，5： | 12 |
| 10 | Overall rate, location, and predictive factors for positive surgical margins after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for high-risk prostate cancer显示文摘我们与高风险的前列腺癌症在 271 个病人报导全面的率,地点和积极外科的边缘(PSM ) 的预兆的因素。在 2008 年 4 月和 2011 年 10 月之间,我们有希望地从作为 D'Amico 分类的病人收集了数据高风险经历了帮助机器人的 laparoscopic 激进分子前列腺切除术。PSM 的全面的率和地点被报导。逐步的逻辑回归模型被适合估计 PSM 的预兆的因素。PSM 的全面的率是 25.1%(271 个病人中的 68 个) 。这些 PSM,(68 中的 26 个)38.2% 是 posterolateral (PL ) , 26.5%(68 中的 18 个) multifocal, 16.2%(68 中的 11 个) 在顶, 14.7%(68 中的 10 个) 在膀胱颈,并且 4.4%(3/68 ) 在另外的地点。有病理学的阶段 pT2 的病人的 PSM 率是 8.6%(140 中的 12 个) , 26.6%(64 中的 17 个) pT3a, 53.3%(32/60 ) pT4 的 pT3b,和 100%(7 中的 7 个) 。在包括 pre- , intra- ,和手术后的参数的一个逻辑回归模型,身体团索引(机会比率[或] :1.09;95% 信心间隔[CI ] :1.01-1.19, P= 0.029 ) ,病理学的舞台(pT3b 或更高对 pT2;或:5.14;95% CI:1.92-13.78;P = 0.001 ) 并且肿瘤的百分比(或:46.71;95% CI:6.37-342.57;P < 0.001 ) 是为 PSM 的独立预兆的因素。在病人在的 PSM 的最普通的地点高风险是 PL 方面,它反映报导肿瘤攻击性。PSM 的唯一的重要预兆的因素是病理学的结果,例如在标本和病理学的舞台的肿瘤的百分比。 | Sung Gu Kang Oscar Schatloff Abdul Muhsin Haidar Srinivas Samavedi Kenneth J Palmer Jun Cheon Vipul R Patel | 2016 | Asian Journal of Andrology2016，18，1： | 9 |
| 11 | 固定低剂量三联抗高血压药物与常规治疗对斯里兰卡轻度至中度高血压患者血压控制的疗效差异:一项随机临床试验显示文摘控制不良的高血压是全球领先的公共卫生问题,需要新的治疗策略。该研究评估低剂量三联抗高血压药物治疗是否能达到比常规治疗更好的血压控制。研究者纳入2016年2月至2017年5月在斯里兰卡11所城市医院诊所就诊的需要开始抗高血压治疗(未治疗的患者)或接受单药治疗的患者,进行低剂量三联降压与常规治疗比较的随机、开放性试验,随访至2017年10月。 | Web-ster R Salam A de Silva HA Selak V Stepien S Rajapakse S Amarasekara S Amarasena N Billot L de Silva AP Fernando M Guggilla R Jan S Jayawardena J Maulik PK Mendis S Munasinghe J Naik N Prabhakaran D Ranasinghe G Thom S Tisserra N Senaratne V Wijekoon S Wijeyasingam S Rodgers A Patel A 刘莉 叶鹏 | 2018 | 中华高血压杂志2018，26，12： | 7 |
| 12 | Tomato lycopene attenuates myocardial infarction induced by isoproterenol:Electrocardiographic,biochemical and anti-apoptotic study显示文摘Objective:To assess the protective effects of lycopene on electrocardiographic,hemodynamic, biochemical and apoptotic changes in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction.Methods: Myocardial infarction was induced in rats by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol(200 mg/kg) for two consecutive days at an interval of 24 h.Rats were treated with lycopene(10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for a period of 30 days and isoproterenol(ISO) was injected on the 29th and 30th day.At the end of experiment i.e.on the 31st day electrocardiographic,hemodynamic,biochemical and apoptotic changes were monitored from control and experimental groups.Results:ISO injected ruts showed a significant alteration in electrocardiograph pattern and hemodynamic changes(i.e. systolic,diastolic and mean arterial pressure).It also showed significant increase in C-reactive protein,myeloperoxidase,nitrite levels and Caspase-3 protease activity.In addition,it also exhibited alteration in the levels of electrolytes(Na^+,K^+ and Ca^(2+),vitamin E,uric acid and serum protein.Cel electrophoresis of ISO injected rats showed increase in DNA fragmentation.Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining of the heart section shows increase area of infarction in ISO injected rats.Pre-co-treatment with lycopene significantly prevented the ISO induced ullerution in ECC, haemodynamic,biochemical and apoptotic changes.Conclusions:The present result shows that treatment of lycopene in ISO injected rats significantly attenuates induced myocardial infarction. | Aman Upaganlawar Vaibhav Patel Balaraman R | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，2，5： | 6 |
| 13 | 中心和外周动脉脉搏波传导速度测量的重复性:社区动脉粥样硬化风险研究显示文摘通过脉搏波传导速度(pulsewavevelocity,PwV)检测动脉硬化程度是当前对高血压和心血管病风险评估和分层所日渐常用的方式。颈股动脉脉搏波传导速度(catroidfemoralarteryPWV,cfPWV)是一项公认的测定中心动脉硬化程度的方式。 | Meyer ML Tanaka H Palta P Patel MD Camplain R Couper D Cheng S Al Qunaibet A Poon AK Heiss G 陈云 叶鹏 | 2016 | 中华高血压杂志2016，24，5： | 6 |
| 14 | Coagonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon receptors ameliorates kidney injury in murine models of obesity and diabetes mellitus显示文摘AIM To investigate the role of glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)/glucagon receptors coagonist on renal dysfunction associated with diabetes and obesity. METHODS Chronic high-fat diet fed C57 BL/6 J mice, streptozotocintreated high-fat diet fed C57 BL/6 J mice and diabeticC57 BLKS/J db/db mice were used as models of diabetes-induced renal dysfunction. The streptozotocintreated high-fat diet fed mice and db/db mice were treated with the GLP-1 and glucagon receptors coagonist(Aib2 C24 Chimera2, 150 μg/kg, sc) for twelve weeks, while in chronic high-fat diet fed mice, coagonist(Aib2 C24 Chimera2, 150 μg/kg, sc) treatment was continued for forty weeks. Kidney function, histology, fibrosis, inflammation, and plasma biochemistry were assessed at the end of the treatment. RESULTS Coagonist treatment decreased body weight, plasma lipids, insulin resistance, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, urinary albumin excretion rate and renal lipids. In kidney, expression of lipogenic genes(SREBP-1 C, FAS, and SCD-1) was decreased, and expression of genes involved in β-oxidation(CPT-1 and PPAR-α) was increased due to coagonist treatment. In plasma, coagonist treatment increased adiponectin and FGF21 and decreased IL-6 and TNF-?. Coagonist treatment reduced expression of inflammatory(TNF-α, MCP-1, and MMP-9) and pro-fibrotic(TGF-β, COL1 A1, and α-SMA) genes and also improved histological derangement in renal tissue.CONCLUSION Coagonist of GLP-1 and glucagon receptors alleviated diabetes and obesity-induced renal dysfunction by reducing glucose intolerance, obesity, and hyperlipidemia. | Vishal J Patel Amit A Joharapurkar Samadhan G Kshirsagar Brijesh K Sutariya Maulik S Patel Hiren M Patel Dheerendra K Pandey Rajesh H Bahekar Mukul R Jain | 2018 | World Journal of Diabetes2018，9，6： | 5 |
| 15 | FibroSURE^(TM) and FibroScan~ in relation to treatment response in chronic hepatitis C virus显示文摘AIM:To compare histological endpoint assessment using noninvasive alternatives to biopsy during treatment in a chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)cohort.METHODS:Patients with chronic HCV were randomized to receive interferon-based therapy for 24(genotypes 2/3)or 48(genotype 1)wk.FibroSURE~TM(FS)was assessed at baseline and at week-12 post-treatment follow-up.Baseline biopsy for METAVIR was assessed by a single pathologist.FibroScan~ transient elastogra-phy(TE)was performed during treatment in a patient subset.RESULTS:Two thousand and sixty patients(n = 253 in Asia)were classif ied as METAVIR F0-1(n = 1682)or F2-4(n = 378).For F2-4,FS(n = 2055)had sensitiv-ity and specif icity of 0.87 and 0.61,respectively,with area under the receiver-operating curve of 0.82;corre-sponding values for TE(n = 214)and combined FS/TE(n = 209)were 0.77,0.88 and 0.88,and 0.93,0.68 and 0.88.Overall FS/TE agreement for F2-4 was 71%(κ = 0.41)and higher in Asians vs non-Asians(κ = 0.86 vs 0.35;P < 0.001).Combined FS/TE had 97% accuracy in Asians(n = 33).Baseline FS(0.38 vs 0.51,P < 0.001)and TE(8.0 kPa vs 11.9 kPa,P = 0.006)scores were lower in patients with sustained virological response than in nonresponders,and were maintained through follow-up.CONCLUSION:FS and TE may reliably differentiate mild from moderate-advanced disease,with a potential for high diagnostic accuracy in Asians with chronic HCV. | Keyur Patel Mireen Friedrich-Rust Yoav Lurie Mircea Grigorescu Carol Stanciu Chuan-Mo Lee Eugene R Schiff Dieter Hussinger Michael P Manns Guido Gerken Isabelle Colle Michael Torbenson Erik Pulkstenis G Mani Subramanian John G McHutchison Stefan Zeuzem | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，41： | 4 |
| 16 | Evaluation of in vitro aldose reductase inhibitory potential of different fraction of Hybanthus enneaspermus Linn F.Muell显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the aldose reductase inhibitory(ARI)activity of different fractions of Hybanthus enneaspermus for potential use in diabetic cataract.Methods:Total phenol and flavonoid content of different fractions was determined.ARI activity of different fractions in rat lens was investigated in vitro.Results:The results showed significant level of phenolic and flavonoid content in ethyl acetate fraction[total phenol(212.15±0.79 mg/g),total flavonoid(39.11±2.27mg/g)]and aqueous fraction[total phenol(140.62±0.57mg/g),total flavonoid(26.07±1.49 mg/g)]as compared with the chloroform fraction[total phenol(68.56±0.51mg/g),total flavonoid(13.41±0.82mg/g)]and petrolium ether fraction[total phenol(36.68±0.43mg/g),total flavonoid(11.55±1.06mg/g)].There was a significant difference in the ARI activity of each fraction,and it was found to be the highest in ethyl acetate fraction[IC_(50)(49.26±1.76μg/mL)]followed by aqueous extract[IC_(50)(70.83±2.82μg/mL)]and it was least in the petroleum ether fraction[IC_(50)(118.89±0.71μg/mL)].Chloroform fraction showed moderate activity[IC_(50)(98.52±1.80μg/mL)].Conclusions:Different fractions showed significanct amount of ARI activity,where in ethyl acetate fraction it was found to be maximum which may be due to its high phenolic and flavonoid content.The extract after further evaluation may be used in the treatment of diabetic cataract. | Patel DK Kumar R Kumar M Sairarn K Hemalatha S | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，2，2： | 4 |
| 17 | 机器人辅助腹腔镜根治前列腺切除术的外科学习曲线:一名外科医生500病例的经验显示文摘本文分析了机器人辅助腹腔镜根治前列腺切除术(RALP)初期250例和后期250例患者。500位连续接受RALP的临床局部前列腺癌患者分为第Ⅰ组:第1-250案(2006年12月-2010年12月)和第Ⅱ组:第251-500案(2011年1月-2012年12月)。记录两组的临床特点,比较两组的操作参数和手术期并发症。评估病理结果、肿瘤细胞残留手术组织边缘和生化复发率(BCR)。我们从每50个RALP案例中分析肿瘤细胞残留手术组织边缘fPSM)和神经血管束(NVB)保留,局部肿瘤的复发风险和病理分期的关系。第Ⅱ组比第1组有更多的晚期前列腺癌(切片检查格里森分数8—10,P=0.033:临床分期T3,P=0.叭7),并呈现显著性差异。控制台时间和失血从第Ⅰ组到第Ⅱ组大幅下降(控制台时间为165.16±53.51min vs 103.37±22.04min;失血为174.56±201.32ml vs 99.80±104.77m1)。输血在第1组减少3.2%(8/250)vs第Ⅱ组减少1.2%(3/250)以及手术期并发症比率在第1组减少9.6%(24/250)VS第Ⅱ组减少5.6%(14/250)。pT3的肿瘤细胞残留手术组织边缘N49%(第1组)降到32.6%(第Ⅱ组)。每50个案例减少肿瘤细胞残留手术组织边缘(PSM)的重要趋势,包括pT3和高度危险。神经血管束(NVB)保留会严重影响高度危险患者的肿瘤细胞残留手术组织边缘(PSM)(84.1%NVB保留群vs 43.9%NVB保留群)。3年、5年和7年无BCR的幸存者分别为79.2%、75.3%和70.2%。T3的肿瘤细胞残留手术组织边缘自初期250个案例的49%大幅下降到随后250个的32.9%。每50个案例减少PSM的重要趋势,包括pT3和高度危险。因为PSM的增加,在RALP期间不建议对高度危险的前列腺癌进行神经血管束保留。 | Yen-Chuan OU Chun-Kuang Yang Kuangh-Si Chang John Wang Siu-Wan Hung Min-Che Tung Ashutosh K Tewari Vipul R Patel | 2014 | Asian Journal of Andrology2014，16，5： | 3 |
| 18 | Adjuvant imatinib mesylate after resection of localised, primary gastrointestinal stromal tumour: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial显示文摘 | Ronald P DeMatteo Karla V Ballman Cristina R Antonescu Robert G Maki Peter WT Pisters George D Demetri Martin E Blackstein Charles D Blanke Margaret von Mehren Murray F Brennan Shreyaskumar Patel Martin D McCarter Jonathan A Polikoff Benjamin R Tan Kouros | 2009 | The Lancet2009，，9669： | 2 |
| 19 | Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fiducial marker placement in pancreatic cancer:A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer(PC)mortality remains high despite advances in therapy.Combination chemoradiotherapy offers modest survival benefit over monotherapy with either.Fiducial markers serve as needed landmarks for imageguided radiotherapy(IGRT).Traditionally,these markers were placed surgically or percutaneously with limitations of each.Endoscopic ultrasound-guided placement overcomes these limitations.AIM To evaluate the safety,efficacy,and feasibility of endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided fiducial placement for PC undergoing IGRT.METHODS Articles were searched in MEDLINE,PubMed,and Ovid journals.Pooling was conducted by fixed and random effects models.Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran’s Q test based upon inverse variance weights.RESULTS Initial search identified 1024 reference articles for EUS-guided fiducial placement in PC.Of these,261 relevant articles were reviewed.Data was extracted from 11 studies(n=820)meeting inclusion criteria.Pooled proportion of successful placement was 96.27%(95%CI:95.35-97.81)with fiducial migration rates low at 4.33%(95%CI:2.45-6.71).Adverse event rates remained low,with overall pooled proportion of 4.85%(95%CI:3.04-7.03).CONCLUSION EUS-guided placement of fiducial markers for IGRT of PC is safe,feasible,and efficacious.The ability to target deep structures under direct visualization while remaining minimally invasive are added benefits.Moreover,the ability to perform fine needle aspiration or celiac plexus neurolysis add value and increase patient-care efficiency.Whether EUS-guided fiducial placement improves outcomes in IGRT or offers any mortality benefits over traditional placement remains unknown and future studies are needed. | Jaymon B Patel Vakya Revanur David G Forcione Matthew L Bechtold Srinivas R Puli | 2020 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2020，12，8： | 2 |
| 20 | Artificial intelligence applications in inflammatory bowel disease:Emerging technologies and future directions显示文摘Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a complex and multifaceted disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that is increasing in incidence worldwide and associated with significant morbidity.The rapid accumulation of large datasets from electronic health records,high-definition multi-omics(including genomics,proteomics,transcriptomics,and metagenomics),and imaging modalities(endoscopy and endomicroscopy)have provided powerful tools to unravel novel mechanistic insights and help address unmet clinical needs in IBD.Although the application of artificial intelligence(AI)methods has facilitated the analysis,integration,and interpretation of large datasets in IBD,significant heterogeneity in AI methods,datasets,and clinical outcomes and the need for unbiased prospective validations studies are current barriers to incorporation of AI into clinical practice.The purpose of this review is to summarize the most recent advances in the application of AI and machine learning technologies in the diagnosis and risk prediction,assessment of disease severity,and prediction of clinical outcomes in patients with IBD. | John Gubatan Steven Levitte Akshar Patel Tatiana Balabanis Mike T Wei Sidhartha R Sinha | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，17： | 2 |
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