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| 1 | Mucin and phospholipids determine viscosity of gallbladder bile in patients with gallstones显示文摘AIM An increased viscosity of gallbladder bile has been considered an important factor in the pathogenesis of gallstone disease. Besides lipids and proteins, mucin has been suggested to affect the viscosity of bile. To further clarify these issues we compared mucin, protein and the lipid components of hepatic and gallbladder bile and its viscosity in patients with gallstones.METHODS Viscosity of bile ( mpa. s ) wasmeasured using rotation viscosimetry in regard to the non-Newtonian property of bile at law shear rates.RESULTS Biliary viscosity was markedly higher in gallbladder bile of patients with cholesterol (5.00 ± 0.60 mpa. s, mean ± SEM, n --28) and mixed stones (3.50±0.68 mPa. s; n =8) compared to hepatic bile (0.92 ± 0.06 mpa. s,n -6). A positive correlation between mucin and viscosity was found in gallbladder biles (r=0.65; P<0.001) but not in hepatic biles. The addition of physiologic and supraphysiologic amounts of mucin to gallbladder bile resulted in a dose dependent non linear increase of its viscosity. A positive correlation was determined between phospholipid concentration and viscosity (r = 0.34, P<0.005) in gallbladder biles. However, no correlation was found between total protein or the other lipid concentrations and viscosity in both gallbladder and hepatic biles.CONCLUSION The viscosity of gallbladder bile is markedly higher than that of hepatic bile in patients with gallstones. The concentration of mucin is the major determinant of biliary viscosity and may contribute by this mechanism to the role of mucin in the pathogenesis of gallstones. | Dieter Jüngst Anna Niemeyer Iris Müller Benedikta Zündt Günther Meyer Martin Wilhelmi Reginalddel Pozo | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，2： | 2 |
| 2 | High invertase activity in tomato reproductive organs correlates with enhanced sucrose import into, and heat tolerance of, young fruit 显示文摘 | Li Z Palmer W M Martin A P | 2012 | Joumal of Experimental Botany2012，63，3： | 1 |
| 3 | Biological effects of magnetic fluids toxicity studies 显示文摘 | Lacava Z G M Azevedo R B Martins E V | 1999 | J Magn Magnetic Mater1999，201，： | 1 |
| 4 | Spectmmiccroscopy study of intercalation and exfoliation in polypropylene/montmofillonite nanocomposites 显示文摘 | Martin Z Jimenez I Gomez M A | 2009 | J Phys Chem B2009，113，11： | 1 |
| 5 | Arabidopsis transcription factors: genome-wide comparative analysis among eukaryotes 显示文摘 | Riechmann J L Heard J Martin G Reuber L Jiang C Keddie J Adam L Pineda O Ratcliffe O J Samaha R R Creelman R Pilgrim M Broun P Zhang J Z Ghandehari D Sherman B K Yu G | 2000 | Science2000，290，： | 1 |
| 6 | Vibration control of a very flexible manipulator system显示文摘 | Mohamed Z Martins J M Tokhi M O | 2005 | Con- trol Engineering Practice2005，13，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Two cytosolic glutamine synthetase isoforms of maize are specifically involved in the control of grain production 显示文摘 | Martin A Lee J Kichey T Gerentes D Zivy M Tatout C Dubois F Balliau T Valot B Davanture M Laforgue T T Quillere I Coque M Gallais A Moro M B G Bethencourt L Habash D Z Lea P J Charcosset A Perez P Murigneux A Sakakibara H Edwards K J Hirel B | 2006 | The Plant Cell2006，18，11： | 1 |
| 8 | Interlocks and Firm Performance:The Role of Uncertainty in the Directorate Interlock-performance Relationship显示文摘 | Martin G Gzübüyük R Becerra M | 2015 | Strategic Management Journal2015，36，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Vibration control of a very flexible manipulator system显示文摘 | Mohamed Z Martins J M | 2005 | Control Engineer2005，13，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Correlates of protective cellular immunity revealed by analysis of population-level immune escape pathways in HIV-1显示文摘 | Carlson J M Brumme C J Martin E Listgarten J Brockman M A Le A Q Chui C K Cotton L A Knapp D J Riddler S A Haubrich R Nelson G Pfeifer N Deziel C E Heckerman D Apps R Carrington M Mallal S Harrigan P R John M Brumme Z L International HIV Adaptation Collaborative | 2012 | J Virol2012，86，13： | 1 |
| 11 | Theory and Design of Interometric Synthetic Aperture Radars显示文摘 | RODRIGUEZ Z MARTIN J M | 1992 | IEE Proceedsings-F1992，193，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of near-infrared fluorescence polymeric nanoparti- cles 显示文摘 | YANG Z LEON J MARTIN M | 2009 | Nanotechnology2009，20，16： | 1 |
| 13 | Genome sequence and analysis of the tuber crop potato显示文摘 | Xu X Pan S Cheng S Zhang B Mu D Ni P Zhang G Yang S Li R Wang J Orjeda G Guzman F Tones M Lnzano R Ponce O Martinez D De la Cruz G Chakrabarti S K Patil V U Skryabin K G Kuznetsov B B Ravin N V Kolganova T V Beletsky A V Mardanov A V Di Genova A Bolser D M Martin D M Li G Yang Y Kuang H Hu Q Xiong X Bishop G J Sagredo B Mejia N Zagorski W Gromadka R Gawor J Szczesny P Huang S Zhang Z Liang C He J Li Y He Y Xu J Zhang Y Xie B Du Y Qu D Bonierbale M Ghislain M Herrera Mdel R Giuliano G Pietrella M Perrotta G Faeella P O 'Brien K Feingold S E Barreiro L E Massa G A Diambra L Whitty B R Vaillancourt B Lin H Massa A N Geoffroy M Lundback S DellaPenna D Buell C R Sharma S K Marshall D F Waugh R Bryan G J Destefanis M Nagy I Milbourne D Thomson S J Fiefs M Jacobs J M Nielsen K L Sonderkaer M Iovene M Tortes G A Jiang J Veilleux R E Bachem C W de Boer J Bonn T Kloosterman B van Eck H Datema E Hekkert B Goverse A van Ham R C Visser R G | 2011 | Nature2011，475，7355： | 1 |
| 14 | Increased acid and bile reflux in Barrett's esophagus compared to reflux esophagitis, and effect of proton pump inhibitor therapy 显示文摘 | Markus Menges Mare M Martin Z | 2001 | Am J Gastroenterol2001，96，2： | 1 |
| 15 | 查看详情显示文摘 | Cai Z L Martin J M L Francois J P Gijbels R | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 16 | 查看详情显示文摘 | Cai Z L Martin J M L Francois J P | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 17 | High resolution applications of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for environmental and forensic applications显示文摘 | MARTIN M Z LABBE N ANDREET N | 2007 | Spectrochim Acta Part B2007，62，12： | 1 |
| 18 | The effects of happiness and sadness on moral reasoning显示文摘 | Fataneh Z Martin C Stephanie M | 2000 | J Moral Education2000，29，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Theory and Design of In- terometrie Synthetic Aperture Radars显示文摘 | Rodriguez Z Martin J M | 1992 | IEEE Proceedsings-F1992，19，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Total synthesis of a functional designer eukaryotic chromosome 显示文摘 | Annaluru N Muller H Mitchell L A Ramalingam S Stracquadanio G Richardson S M Dymond J S Kuang Z Scheifele L Z Cooper E M Cai Y Z Zeller K Agmon N Han J S Hadjithomas M Tullman J Caravelli K Cirelli K Guo Z Y London V Yeluru A Murugan S Kandavelou K Agier N Fischer G Yang K Martin J A Bilgel M Bohutski P Boulier K M Capaldo B J Chang J Charoen K Choi W J Deng P Dicarlo J E Doong J Dunn J Feinberg J I Fernandez C Floria C E Gladowski D Hadidi P Ishizuka I Jabbari J Lau C Y L Lee P A Li S Lin D Linder M E Ling J Liu J Liu J London M Ma H Mao J Mcdade J E Mcmillan A Moore A M Oh W C Ouyang Y Patel R Paul M Paulsen L C Qiu J Rhee A Rubashkin M G Soh I Y Sotuyo N E Srinivas V Suarez A Wong A Wong R Xie W R Xu Y J Yu A T Koszul R Bader J S Boeke J D Chandrasegaran S | 2014 | Science2014，344，6179： | 1 |
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