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| 1 | Efficient generation of hepatocyte-like cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells显示文摘人的导致的 pluripotent 茎(iPS ) 房间类似于胚胎的茎(ES ) 房间,和罐头强烈地增殖并且区分进许多房间类型。然而,人的 iPS 房间的肝的区别还没被报导了。在这份报告,人的 iPS 房间被导致由一个逐步的协议区分进肝的房间。肝房间标记的表达式和人的 iPS 的肝相关的函数导出房间的房间被监视并且与区分的人的 ES 房间和主要人的 hepatocytes 的相比。在白天 7 点的约 60% 区分的人的 iPS 房间表示了肝的标记 alpha fetoprotein 和白长袍的。在白天 21 点的区分的房间包括白朊 Asecretion,肝糖合成,脲生产和可诱导的细胞色素 P450 活动展出了肝房间功能。肝的标记的表示和 iPS 的肝相关的功能导出房间的肝的房间比得上人的 ES 导出房间的肝的房间的。这些结果证明人的 iPS 房间,类似于人的 ES 房间,能高效地被导致区分房间进象 hepatocyte 一样。 | Zhihua Song Jun Cai Yanxia Liu Dongxin Zhao Jun Yong Shuguang Duo Xijun Song Yushan Guo Yang Zhao Han Qin Xiaolei Yin Chen Wu Jie Che Shichun Lu Mingxiao Ding Hongkui Deng | 2009 | Cell Research2009，19，11： | 63 |
| 2 | New eolian red clay sequence on the western Chinese Loess Plateau linked to onset of Asian desertification about 25 Ma ago显示文摘The expansion of inland Asia deserts has considerably influenced the environmental, social and economic activities in Asia. Aridification of inland Asia, especially timing of the initiation of Asian desertification, is a contentious topic in paleoclimatology. Late Cenozoic eolian loess-red clay sequences on the Chinese Loess Plateau, which possess abundant paleoclimatic and paleo-environmental information, can be regarded as an indicator of inland Asia desertification. Here we present a detailed magnetostratigraphic investigation of a new red clay sequence about 654 m in Zhuanglang located at the western Chinese Loess Plateau. Sedimentological, geochemical, mineralogical, and quartz morphological lines of evidence show that the red clay is of eolian origin. Magnetostratigraphic correlations indicate that this core sequence spans from 25.6 to 4.8 Ma, and typical eolian red clay appears as early as 25 Ma. This extends the lower limit of the red clay on the Chinese Loess Plateau from the previously thought early Miocene back into the late Oligocene. This new red clay record further implies that the inland Asia desertification was initiated at least by the late Oligocene. This sequence provides a unique high-resolution geological record for understanding the inland Asia desertification process since the late Oligocene. | QIANG XiaoKe AN ZhiSheng SONG YouGui CHANG Hong SUN YouBin LIU WeiGuo AO Hong DONG JiBao FU ChaoFeng WU Feng LU FengYan CAI YanJun ZHOU WeiJian CAO JunJi XU XinWen AI Li | 2011 | Science China Earth Sciences2011，54，1： | 73 |
| 3 | Challenges and Countermeasures for Construction Safety during the Sichuan-Tibet Railway Project显示文摘1.Introduction The Sichuan–Tibet Railway is the most important part of China’s 13th Five-Year Plan.It is an important part of the external transport channel of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China,and will act as an essential conduit of people and resources to guide the industrial layout,promote land development along the railway,and integrate tourism resources.The planning and construction of the Sichuan–Tibet Railway is of great and far-reaching significance to the economic and social development of Tibet Autonomous Region,Sichuan Province,and even other regions in Western China. | Chunfang Lu Chaoxun Cai | 2019 | Engineering2019，5，5： | 76 |
| 4 | Diagnostic value of platelet derived growth factor-BB,transforming growth factor-131,matrix metalloproteinase-1,and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells for hepatic fibrosis显示文摘AIM: Noninvasive diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis has become the focus because of the limited biopsy, especially in the surveillance of treatment and in screening hepatic fibrosis. Recently, regulatory elements involved in liver fibrosis, such as platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1), matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), have been studied extensively. To determine whether these factors or enzymes could be used as the indices for the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis, we investigated them by means of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. METHODS: Serum samples from sixty patients with chronic viral hepatitis B and twenty healthy blood donors were assayed to determine the level of PDGF-BB, TGF-β1, MMP-1, and TIMP-1 with ELISA, and HA, PCIII, C-IV, and LNlevel with RIA. The message RNA (mRNA) expression of TIMP-1 and MMP-1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was detected by RT-PCR and Northern blot hybridization. Liver biopsy was performed in all patients. The biopsy samples were histopatholocjically examined. The trial was double-blind controlled. RESULTS: The serum level of PDGF-BB, TIMP-1, the ratio of TIMP-1 and MMP-1 (TIMP-1/MMP-1), mRNA expression of TIMP-1 (TIMP-lmRNA), and the ratio of TIMP-lmRNA and MMP-lmRNA (TIMP-lmRNA/MMP-lmRNA) in patients was significantly higher than those in the healthy blood donors (t=2.514-11.435, P=0.000-0.016). The serum level of PDGF-BB, TIMP-1, TIMP-1/MMP-1, and TIMP-lmRNA was positively correlated with fibrosis stage and inflammation grade (r=0.239-0.565, P=0.000-0.033), while the serum level of MMP-1 was negatively correlated with fibrosis stage and inflammation grade, and TIMP-lmRNA/MMP-lmRNA was positively correlated with inflammation grade. Through the analysis by ROC curve, serum PDGF-BB was the most valuable marker, and its sensitivity was the highest among the nine indices. The markers with the highest specificity were TIMP-lmRNA and TIMP-lmRNA/MMP-lmRNA in PBMCs. The area under the curve (AUC) of PDGF-BB, TIMP-lmRNA, TIMP-lmRNA/MMP-lmRNA, TIMP-1/MMP-1, HA, PCIII, TIMP-1, C-IV, and LN was 0.985, 0.876, 0.792, 0.748, 0.728, 0.727, 0.726, 0.583, and 0.463, respectively. The sensitivity and the specificity in the parallel test was 99.0% and 95.0 % when serum PDGF-BB, TIMP-lmRNA and TIMP-lmRNA/MMP-lmRNA was detected simultaneously. CONCLUSION: Serum level of PDGF-BB, TIIVIP-lmRNA, TIMP-lmRNA/MMP-lmRNA in PBMCs, and serum level of TIMP-1 and TIMP-1/MMP-1 can be used as the indices for the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis, but the former three are more useful. The combination of serum PDGF-BB, TIMP-lmRNA and TIMP-lmRNA/MMP-lmRNA in PBMCs is even more efficient in screening liver fibrosis. | Bin-Bin Zhang Wei-Min Cai Hong-Lei Weng Zhong-Rong Hu Jun Lu Min Zheng Rong-Hua Liu, Institute of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，11： | 48 |
| 5 | Efficient indica and japonica rice identification based on the InDel molecular method:Its implication in rice breeding and evolutionary research显示文摘An efficient molecular method for the accurate and efficient identification of indica and japonica rice was created based on the poly-morphisms of insertion/deletion(InDel) DNA fragments obtained from the basic local alignment search tool(BLAST) to the entire genomic sequences of indica(93-11) and japonica rice(Nipponbare).The 45 InDel loci were validated experimentally by the polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE) in 44 typical indica and japonica rice varieties,including 93-11 and Nipponbare.A neutrality test of the data matrix generated from electrophoretic banding patterns of various InDel loci indicated that 34 InDel loci were strongly associated with the differentiation of indica and japonica rice.More extensive analyses involving cultivated rice varieties from 11 Asian countries,and 12 wild Oryza species with various origins confirmed that indica and japonica characteristics could accurately be determined via calculating the average frequency of indica-or japonica-specific alleles on different InDel loci across the rice genome.This method was named as the ''InDel molecular index' that combines molecular and statistical methods in determining the indica and japonica characteristics of rice varieties.Compared with the traditional methods based essentially on morphology,the InDel molecular index provides a very accurate,rapid,simple,and efficient method for identifying indica and japonica rice.In addition,the InDel index can be used to determine indica or japonica characteristics of wild Oryza species,which largely extends the utility of this method.The InDel molecular index provides a new tool for the effective selection of appropriate indica or japonica rice germplasm in rice breeding.It also offers a novel model for the study of the origin,evolution,and genetic differentiation of indica and japonica rice adapted to various environmental changes. | Bao-Rong Lu Xingxing Cai Xin Jin | 2009 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2009，19，10： | 40 |
| 6 | A study on relationship of nitric oxide,oxidation,peroxidation,lipoperoxidation with chronic cholecystitis显示文摘AIM To study relationship of injury induced bynitric oxide,oxidation,peroxidation,lipoperoxidation with chronic cholecystitis.METHODS The values of plasma nitric oxide(P-NO),plasma vitamin C(P-VC),plasma vitamin E(P-VE),plasma β-carotene(P-β-CAR),plasmalipoperoxides(P-LPO),erythrocyte superoxidedismutase(E-SOD),erythrocyte catalase(E-CAT),erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase(E-GSH-Px)activities and erythrocyte lipoperoxides(E-LPO)level in 77 patients with chronic cholecystitisand 80 healthy control subjects were determined,differences of the above average values betweenthe patient group and the control group anddifferences of the average values betweenpreoperative and postoperative patients wereanalyzed and compared,linear regression andcorrelation of the disease course with the abovedetermination values as well as the stepwiseregression and correlation of the course with thevalues were analyzed.RESULTS Compared with the control group,theaverage values of P-NO,P-LPO,E-LPO weresignificantly increased(P<0.01),and of P-VC, P-VE,P-β-CAR,E-SOD,E-CAT and E-GSH-Pxdecreased(P<0.01)in the patient group.Theanalysis of the linear regression and correlationshowed that with prolonging of the course,thevalues of P-NO,P-LPO and E-LPO in the patientswere gradually ascended and the values of P-VC,P-VE,P-β-CAR,E-SOD,E-CAT and E-GSH-Pxdescended(P<0.01).The analysis of thestepwise regression and correlation indicated thatthe correlation of the course with P-NO,P-VE andP-β-CAR values was the closest.Compared withthe preoperative patients,the average values of P-NO,P-LPO and E-LPO were significantlydecreased(P<0.01)and the average values of P-VC,E-SOD,E-CAT and E-GSH-Px in postoperativepatients increased(P<0.01)in postoperativepatients.But there was no significant difference inthe average values of P-VE,P-β-CAR preoperativeand postoperative patients.CONCLUSION Chronic cholecystitis could inducethe increase of nitric oxide,oxidation,peroxidation and lipoperoxidation. | Jun Fu Zhou Dong Cai You Gen Zhu Jin Lu Yang Cheng Hong Peng Yang Hai Yu | 2000 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2000，6，4： | 36 |
| 7 | Immunohistochemical study on p53,H-rasp21,c-erbB-2 protein and PCNA expression in HCC tissues of Hart and minority ethnic patients显示文摘AIM To find out the difference of humanprimary liver carcinogenesis between Han andminority ethnic patients in Xinjiang.METHODS Expression of p53,c-erbB-2,H-rasp21 protein and proliferating cell nuclearantigen(PCNA)in tumor tissues of 50 patients(Han 38,minority 12)with primary hepaticcarcinoma was detected byimmunohistochemistry(LSAB).RESULTS The positive frequency of p53,c-erbB-2,H-rasp21 and PCNA expression was46.0%(23/50),70.0%(35/50),68.0%(34/50)and 82.0%(41/50)in tumor tissues;4.0%(2/50),22.0%(11/50),64.0%(32/50)and 52.0%(26/ 50)in peritumors respectively and asignificant difference,except for H-rasp21,ofoncogene alteration was found(P<0.05)between tumor and non-tumorous tissues.Combined the three oncogenes alteration,26%(13/50)tumor tissues had positiveimmunoreactivity,but in peritumor and normallivers it was negative.The positive rate of p53,c-erbB-2 and H-rasp21 protein expression was39.5%(15/38),60.5%(23/38)and 39.5%(15/38)in tumors of Han patients;66.7%(8/12),100%(12/12)and 75.0%(9/12)in minoritiesrespectively,with statistical difference (P<0.05).CONCLUSION Overexpression of p53,c-erbB-2and H-rasp21 in human primary liver carcinoma isan important biomarker of genetic alteration.The different frequency of these oncogeneticchanges may reflect some environmental or/andethnic hereditary factors affecting the livercarcinogenesis.The special life style of Han,Uygur,Kazak and Mongolia nationalities inXinjiang may also be related to theetiopathogenesis of this disease. | Guo Yue Lin Zhao Lun Chen Cai Mo Lu Ying Li Xiao Jia Ping Rong Huang Department of Laboratory Medicine,Chinese PLA 474 Hospital,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomic Region,China Department of Pathology,the 1st Teaching Hospital,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830054,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomic Region,China | 2000 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2000，6，2： | 40 |
| 8 | Population Change and Resulting Slowdown in Potential GDP Growth in China显示文摘As a result of the shrinking working age population(aged 15 to 59 years),all factors that have driven China's rapid economic growth over the past 30 years tend to diminish from2010.The present paper estimates the average annual growth rate of potential output to be7.2percent over the 12th Five-year Plan period and 6.1 percent over the 13th Five-year Plan period.Future sustainable growth requires furthering economic reform in related areas to enhance potential growth.This paper simulates two scenarios in which both an increase in labor force participation and improvement in total factor productivity can significantly enhance the potential GDP growth rate.Relevant policy implications are discussed. | Fang Cai Yang Lu | 2013 | China & World Economy2013，21，2： | 40 |
| 9 | Leptin: a multifunctional hormone显示文摘Leptin is the protein product encoded by the obese (ob)gene. It is a circulating hormone produced primarily by the adipose tissue. ob/ob mice with mutations of the gene encoding leptin become morbidly obese, infertile, hyperphagic, hypothermic,and diabetic. Since the cloning of leptin in 1994, our knowledge in body weight regulation and the role played by leptin has increased substantially. We now know that leptin signals through its receptor, OB-R, which is a member of the cytokine receptor superfamily. Leptin serves as an adiposity signal to inform the brain the adipose tissue mass in a negative feedback loop regulating food intake and energy expenditure. Leptin also plays important roles in angiogenesis, immune function, fertility and bone formation. Humans with mutations in the gene encoding leptin are also morbidly obese and respond to leptin treatment,demonstrating that enhancing or inhibiting leptin’s activities in vivo may have potential therapeutic benefits. | HUANG Lu, CAI LI(Tel: (214)-648-3340 Fax: (214)-648-9191 E-mail: li03@utsw.swmed.edu)(1 Touchstone Center for Diabetes Research1 Departments of Physiology and,2 Departments of Internal MedicineThe University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center5323 H. | 2000 | Cell Research2000，10，2： | 35 |
| 10 | Does Helicobacter pylori infection play a role in iron deficiency anemia? A meta-analysis显示文摘AIM:To perform a meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on the association between Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)and iron deficiency anemia(IDA).METHODS:A defined search strategy was used to search Medline,Embase,the Cochrane Library,Clinical Trials,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,Premedline and Healthstar.Odds ratio(OR)was used to evaluate observational epidemiology studies,and weighted mean difference(WMD)was used to demonstrate the difference between control and intervention groups.RESULTS:Fifteen observational studies and 5 RCTs were identified and used for calculation.The pooled OR for observational studies was 2.22(95%CI:1.52-3.24,P<0.0001).The WMD for hemoglobin(HB) was 4.06 g/L(95%CI:-2.57-10.69,P=0.01),and the WMD for serum ferritin(SF)was 9.47μg/L(95%CI:-0.50-19.43,P<0.0001).Results were heterogeneous for all comparisons.CONCLUSION:This meta-analysis on observational studies suggests an association between H.pylori and IDA.In RCTs,eradication of H.pylori can improve HB and SF levels but not significantly. | Qu, Xin-Hua Huang, Xiao-Lu Xiong, Ping Zhu, Cui-Ying Huang, You-Liang Lu, Lun-Gen Sun, Xu Rong, Lan Zhong, Liang Sun, Da-Yu Lin, Hai Cai, Ming-Ci Chen, Zhi-Wei Hu, Bing Wu, Lian-Ming Jiang, Yi-Bin Yan, Wei-Li | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，7： | 34 |
| 11 | Clinicopathologic significance of HER-2/neu protein expression and gene amplification in gastric carcinoma显示文摘AIM:To study the HER-2/neu protein expression and gene amplification in gastric carcinoma and their relation.METHODS:One hundred and forty-five formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumor tissue samples from Chinese gastric carcinoma patients were studied with immunohistochemistry(IHC)and fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)methods.Clinicopathologic data about all patients were collected.RESULTS:The levels of HER-2 3+,HER-2 2+and HER21+were measurable in 6.9%,8.3%and 17.2%of the samples,respectively.No HER-2 was stained in 67.6% of the samples.FISH showed that HER-2 gene was amplified in 18 samples,10 HER-2 3+samples,5 HER-2 2+samples,and 3 HER-2 1+samples with IHC staining.HER-2 status was not correlated with the sex and age of patients,and tumor size,location or differentiation,but with the depth of invasion,TNM stage,lymph node and distant metastasis as well as histopathological classification of gastric cancer(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:All samples with IHC as HER-2 expression should be analyzed with FISH.Detection of HER-2 gene amplification can assess the malignant biological behaviors and prognosis of gastric cancer. | Shi-Yan Yan Ying Hu Jian-Gao Fan Guo-Quan Tao Yong-Ming Lu Xu Cai Bao-Hua Yu Yi-Qun Du | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，11： | 34 |
| 12 | miRNAS in cardiovascular diseases: potential biomarkers, therapeutic targets and challenges显示文摘心血管的疾病(CVD ) 在世界上是病态和死亡的领先的原因。尽管可观的进步在 CVD 的诊断,治疗和预后被取得了,仍然有批评需要让新奇诊断 biomarkers 和新治疗学的干预减少这疾病的发生。最近,正在增加证据那传播 miRNAs (miRNAs ) ,即内长的、稳定的、搁浅单人赛的、短、非编码的 RNA,能为 CVD 被用作诊断 biomarkers。而且, miRNAs 为几心血管的混乱代表潜在的新奇治疗学的目标。在这评论我们提供几 CVD 的效果的概述;包括心失败,尖锐心肌的梗塞,心律不齐和肺的高血压;在传播 miRNAs 的层次上。另外, miRNA 的使用也作为治疗学的目标被讨论,以及质问并且在他们在 CVD 的诊断的使用的建议。 | Shan-shan ZHOU Jing-peng JIN Ji-qun WANG Zhi-guo ZHANG Jonathan H FREEDMAN Yang ZHENG Lu CAI | 2018 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2018，39，7： | 31 |
| 13 | A randomized controlled clinical trial: Interruption of intrauterine transmission of hepatitis B virus infection with HBIG显示文摘瞄准:与积极 HBeAg 和 HBsAg 在怀孕女人与 HBIG 评估 HBV 的子宫内的感染的打断的功效。方法:未来的使随机化的控制试用被采用。有积极 HBeAg 和 HBsAg 的六十个盒子与包括的标准是重合的,并且 8 个盒子被排除。52 个盒子被分析(在试用的 28 个盒子组织, 24 在控制组织) 。在审判组的所有情况静脉内地收到了 200 IU HBIG 在 3 次从的每 4 wk 28 (th ) wk。控制的盒子以一样的方法组织收到的安慰剂。所有怀孕女人在试用的开始和试用(交货) 的结束为 HBeAg 和 HBV-DNA 被检测。所有新生儿的脐带血为同时检测 HBeAg 和 HBV-DNA 被收集。结果:为在试用组的新生儿的 HBeAg 的调查,新生儿的 28 个盒子中的 6 个有积极 HBeAg,是的 HBeAg 积极的率 21.4% , 95% CI being 的全部的率 8%-41% 。在控制组,新生儿的 24 个盒子中的 19 个有积极 HBeAg, HBeAg 积极的率是 79.2% , 95%CI 的率 5%-93% 。由统计分析, chi (2 )= 17.26, P <
0.01, RR = 0.27, 95% CI (6.3 乘 10 (8.6 乘的 -6), 10 (-5)) 。为在审判组的新生儿的 HBV-DNA 的调查,新生儿的 28 诉讼中的 7 个有积极 HBV-DNA,是的 HBV-DNA 积极的率 25% , 95% CI being 的全部的率 11%-45% 。在控制组,新生儿的 24 个盒子中的 20 个有积极 HBV-DNA, HBV-DNA 积极的率是 83.3% , 95% CI being 的全部的率 63%-95% 。由统计分析, chi (2 )= 17.62, P <
0.01, RR = 0.30, 95% CI (1.5 乘 10 (1.7 乘的 -5), 10 (-4) 。结果显示处于 HBeAg 积极的率和在二个组之间的新生儿的 HBV-DNA 积极的率有有效差量。在试用组, 28 个新生儿中的 7 个有 HBV-DNA 积极,但是新生儿的 HBV-DNA 负担比他们的母亲的低。在控制组, 24 个新生儿中的 20 个仍然有 HBV-DNA 积极,并且新生儿的 HBV-DNA 负担他们的母亲接近了那些。统计分析显示没有 HBIG 干预和他们的子代,在在出生后的女人之间的 HBV-DNA 负担没有有效差量(T = 81.5, P >
0.1 ) 。结论:与 HBIG 阻止 HBV 的子宫内的感染有效、安全 28 (th ) 在有积极 HBeAg 和 HBsAg 的怀孕女人的 wk。在临床的申请,有否定 HBeAg 和积极 HBV-DNA 的那些怀孕女人也需要被 HBIG 打断。 | Qin XH Lin Xi-ao Xiao-Bo Lu Yue-Xin Zhang Xia Cai | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，21： | 25 |
| 14 | The TanSat mission: preliminary global observations显示文摘The Chinese global carbon dioxide monitoring satellite (Tan Sat) was launched successfully in December2016 and has completed its on-orbit tests and calibration. Tan Sat aims to measure the atmospheric column-averaged dry air mole fractions of carbon dioxide (XCO_2) with a precision of 4 ppm at the regional scale, and in addition, to derive global and regional CO2fluxes. Progress towards these objectives is reviewed and the first scientific results from Tan Sat measurements are presented. Tan Sat on-orbit tests indicate that the Atmospheric Carbon dioxide Grating Spectrometer is in normal working status and is beginning to produce L1B products. The preliminary Tan Sat XCO_2products have been retrieved by an algorithm and compared to NASA Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) measurements during an overlapping observation period. Furthermore, the XCO_2retrievals have been validated against eight groundsite measurement datasets from the Total Carbon Column Observing Network, for which the preliminary conclusion is that Tan Sat has met the precision design requirement, with an average bias of 2.11 ppm.The first scientific observations are presented, namely, the seasonal distributions of XCO_2over land on a global scale. | Yi Liu Jing Wang Lu Yao Xi Chen Zhaonan Cai Dongxu Yang Zengshan Yin Songyan Gu Longfei Tian Naimeng Lu Daren Lyu | 2018 | Science Bulletin2018，63，18： | 23 |
| 15 | Early kidney injury during long-term adefovir dipivoxil therapy for chronic hepatitis B显示文摘AIM: To evaluate urine β2-microglobulin(β2-M), retinol-binding protein(RBP) excretion, and renal impairment with adefovir dipivoxil(ADV) for chronic hepatitis B. METHODS: We enrolled 165 patients with chronic hepatitis B infection who were treated with ADV monotherapy(n = 90) or ADV plus lamivudine combination therapy(n = 75). An additional 165 chronic hepatitis B patients treated with entecavir were recruited as controls. We detected serum creatinine, urine β2-M, and RBP levels, and estimated the glomerular filtration rate(e GFR) at the initiation of antiviral therapy and every 6 mo for a period of five years. RESULTS: Urine β2-M abnormalities were observed in patients during the first(n = 3), second(n = 7), third(n = 11), fourth(n = 16), and fifth(n = 21) year of ADV treatment. Urinary RBP abnormalities were observed in patients during the first(n = 2), second(n = 8), third(n = 12), fourth(n = 15), and fifth(n = 22) year of ADV treatment. e GFR decreased 20%-30% from baseline in 20 patients, 30%-50% in 12 patients, and > 50% in 3 patients during the five years of treatment. Further analysis indicated that decreases in e GFR of ≥ 30% relative to the baseline level correlated significantly with urine RBP and β2-M abnormalities. In contrast, both serum creatinine and e GFR remained stable in patients treated with entecavir, and only one of these patients developed a urine β2-M abnormality, and two developed urine RBP abnormalities during the five years of treatment. CONCLUSION: Urine RBP and β2-M are biomarkers of renal injury during long-term ADV treatment for chronic hepatitis B, and indicate when treatment should be switched to entecavir. | Hong-Yu Jia Feng Ding Jian-Yang Chen Jiang-Shan Lian Yi-Min Zhang Lin-Yan Zeng Dai-Rong Xiang Liang Yu Jian-Hua Hu Guo-Dong Yu Huan Cai Ying-Feng Lu Lin Zheng Lan-Juan Li Yi-Da Yang | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，12： | 22 |
| 16 | Current status of diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer in China-Analyses of Chinese Bladder Cancer Consortium database显示文摘Objective:To investigate current status of diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer in China.Methods:A database was generated by Chinese Bladder Cancer Consortium(CBCC).From January 2007 to December 2012,14,260 cases from 44 CBCC centers were included.Data of diagnosis,treatment and pathology were collected.Results:The average age was 63.5 year-old and most patients were male(84.3%).The most common histologic types were urothelial carcinoma(91.4%),adenocarcinoma(1.8%),and squamous carcinoma(1.9%).According to 1973 and 2004 WHO grading system,42.0%,41.0%,and 17.0% of patients were grade 1,2,and 3,and 16.0%,48.7%,and 35.3% of patients were papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential,low,and high grade,respectively.Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)and muscle invasive bladder cancer(MIBC)were 25.2% and 74.1%,respectively(0.8% not clear).Carcinoma in situ was only 2.4%.Most patients were diagnosed by white-light cystoscopy with biopsy(74.3%).Fluorescence and narrow band imaging cystoscopy had additional detection rate of 1.0% and 4.0%,respectively.Diagnostic transurethral resection(TUR)provided detection rate of 16.9%.Most NMIBCs were treated with TUR(89.2%).After initial TUR,2.6%accepted second TUR,and 45.7%,69.9%,and 58.7% accepted immediate,induced,and maintenance chemotherapy instillation,respectively.Most MIBCs were treated with radical cystectomy(RC,59.7%).Laparoscopic RCs were 35.1%,while open RC 63.4%.Extended and standard pelvic lymph node dissection were 7% and 66%,respectively.Three most common urinary diversions were orthotopic neobladder(44%),ileal conduit(31%),and ureterocutaneostomy(23%).Only 2.3% of patients accepted neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and only 18%of T3 and T4 patients accepted adjuvant chemotherapy.Conclusion:Disease characteristics are similar to international reports,while differences of diagnosis and treatment exist.This study can provide evidences for revisions of the guideline on bladder cancer in China. | Kaiwen Li Tianxin Lin 无 Wei Xue Xin Mu Enci Xu Xu Yang Fubao Chen Guangyong Li Lulin Ma Guoliang Wang Chaozhao Liang Haoqiang Shi Ming Li Mao Tang Xueyi Xue Yisong Lv Yaoliang Deng Chengyang Li Zhiwen Chen Xiaozhou Zhou Fengshuo Jin Xudong Liu Jinxin Wei Lei Shi Xin Gou Weiyang He Liqun Zhou Lin Cai Baiye Jin Guanghou Fu Xiangbo Kong Hongyan Sun Ye Tian Lang Feng Tiejun Pan Yiyi Wu Dongwen Wang Hailong Hao Benkang Shi Yaofeng Zhu Qiang Wei Ping Han Changli Wu Dawei Tian Zhangqun Ye Zheng Liu Zhiping Wang Junqiang Tian Lin Qi Minfeng Chen Wei Li Jinchun Qi Gongxian Wang Longlong Fu Zhaolin Sun Guangheng Luo Zhoujun Shen Zhaowei Zhu Jinchun Xing Zhun Wu Dong Wei Xin Chen Yanqun Na Hongfeng Guo Chunxi Wang Zhihua Lu Chuize Kong Yang Liu Jin Yang Jianyun Hu Xin Gao Jielin Li Changjun Yin Pu Li Shan Chen Zhen Du Jiongming Li Yongji Yan Xu Zhang Shuang Huang Fangjian Zhou Zhiling Zhang Yinghao Sun Shuxiong Zeng Song Cen Jiaquan Zhou Hanzhong Li Jin Wen Jian Huang | 2015 | Asian Journal of Urology2015，2，2： | 21 |
| 17 | The implementation of an improved NPML absorbing boundary condition in elastic wave modeling显示文摘在向前当模特儿的有弹性的波浪,吸收边界条件(ABC ) 被用来从模型截断边界减轻不希望得到的思考。完美地匹配的层(PML ) 证明了是最好的可得到的 ABC。然而,传统的切开 PML (SPML ) ABC 有一些严肃的劣势:例如,全球 SPML ABC 要求更多计算记忆,尽管实现是容易的。本地 SPML ABC 的实现也有一些困难,自从边和角落必须被考虑。因为卷绕旋转,传统的非切开的完美地匹配的层(NPML ) ABC 有复杂计算。在这篇论文,基于 ABC 与复杂转移频率的拉长函数(CFS ) 相结合的非切开的完美地匹配的层(NPML ) ,我们为与简单计算方程,小存储器要求,和容易的编程吸收边界条件的 PML 介绍一个新奇数字实现方法。 | Qin Zhen Lu Minghui Zheng Xiaodong Yao Yao Zhang Cai Song Jianyong | 2009 | Applied Geophysics2009，6，2： | 21 |
| 18 | Exogenous ethylene influences flower opening of cut roses (Rosa hybrida) by regulating the genes encoding ethylene biosynthesis enzymes显示文摘The purpose of this paper is to investigate the differential responses of flower opening to ethylene in two cut rose cultivars, ‘Samantha’, whose opening process is promoted, and ‘Kardinal’, whose opening process is inhibited by ethylene. Ethylene production and 1- aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase and oxidase activities were determined first. After ethylene treatment, ethylene production, ACC synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO) activities in petals increased and peaked at the earlier stage (stage 3) in ‘Samantha’, and they were much more dramatically enhanced and peaked at the later stage (stage 4) in ‘Kardinal’ than control during vasing. cDNA fragments of three Rh-ACSs and one Rh- ACO genes were cloned and designated as Rh-ACS1, Rh-ACS2, Rh-ACS3 and Rh-ACO1 respectively. Northern blotting analysis revealed that, among three genes of ACS, ethylene-in- duced expression patterns of Rh-ACS3 gene corresponded to ACS activity and ethylene production in both cultivars. A more dramatic accumulation of Rh-ACS3 mRNA was induced by ethylene in ‘Kardinal’ than that of ‘Samantha’. As an ethylene action inhibitor, STS at concentration of 0.2 mmol/L generally inhib-ited the expression of Rh-ACSs and Rh-ACO in both cultivars, although it induced the expression of Rh-ACS3 transiently in ‘Kardinal’. Our results suggests that ‘Kardinal’ is more sensitive to ethylene than ‘Samantha’; and the changes of Rh-ACS3 expression caused by ethylene might be related to the acceleration of flower opening in ‘Samantha’ and the inhibition in ‘Kardinal’. Additional results indicated that three Rh-ACSs genes were differentially associated with flower opening and senescence as well as wounding. | MA Nan1, CAI Lei1, LU Wangjin2, TAN Hui1 & GAO Junping1 1. Department of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China 2. Department of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642,China | 2005 | Science China(Life Sciences)2005，48，5： | 20 |
| 19 | Biodegradable chitosan scaffolds containing microspheres as carriers for controlled transforming growth factor-β_1 delivery for cartilage tissue engineering显示文摘Background Natural articular cartilage has a limited capacity for spontaneous regeneration.Controlled release oftransforming growth factor-β_1(TGF-β_1)to cartilage defects can enhance chondrogenesis.In this study,we assessed thefeasibility of using biodegradable chitosan microspheres as carriers for controlled TGF-β_1 delivery and the effect ofreleased TGF-β_1 on the chondrogenic potential of chondrocytes.Methods Chitosan scaffolds and chitosan microspheres loaded with TGF-β_1 were prepared by the freeze-drying andthe emulsion-crosslinking method respectively.In vitro drug release kinetics,as measured by enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay,was monitored for 7 days.Lysozyme degradation was performed for 4 weeks to detect in vitrodegradability of the scaffolds and the microspheres.Rabbit chondrocytes were seeded on the scaffolds containingTGF-β_1 microspheres and incubated in vitro for 3 weeks.Histological examination and type Ⅱcollagenimmunohistochemical staining was performed to evaluate the effects of released TGF-β_1 on cell adhesivity,proliferationand synthesis of the extracellular matrix.Results TGF-β_1 was encapsulated into chitosan microspheres and the encapsulation efficiency of TGF-β_1 was high(90.1%).During 4 weeks of incubation in lysozyme solution for in vitro degradation,the mass of both the scaffolds andthe microspheres decreased continuously and significant morphological changes was noticed.From the releaseexperiments,it was found that TGF-β_1 could be released from the microspheres in a multiphasic fashion including aninitial burst phase,a slow linear release phase and a plateau phase.The release amount of TGF-β_1 was 37.4%,50.7%,61.3%,and 63.5% for 1,3,5,and 7 days respectively.At 21 days after cultivation,type Ⅱ collagen immunohistochemicalstaining was performed.The mean percentage of positive cells for collagen type II in control group(32.7%±10.4%)wassignificantly lower than that in the controlled TGF-β_1 release group(92.4%±4.8%,P<0.05).Both the proliferation rateand production of collagen type Ⅱ in the transforming growth factor-β_1 microsphere incorporated scaffolds weresignificantly higher than those in the scaffolds without microspheres,indicating that the activity of TGF-β_1 was retainedduring microsphere fabrication and after growth factor release.Conclusion Chitosan microspheres can serve as delivery vehicles for controlled release of TGF-β_1,and the releasedgrowth factor can augment chondrocytes proliferation and synthesis of extracellular matrix.Chitosan scaffoldsincorporated with chitosan microspheres loaded with TGF-β_1 possess a promising potential to be applied for controlledcytokine delivery and cartilage tissue engineering. | CAI Dao-zhang ZENG Chun QUAN Da-ping BU Li-si WANG Kun LU Hua-ding LI Xiao-feng | 2007 | Chinese Medical Journal2007，，3： | 20 |
| 20 | Differentiation of Renal Oncocytoma and Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma Using Relative CT Enhancement Ratio显示文摘 | An Ren Feng Cai Yan-Ning Shang En-Sen Ma Zhen-Guo Huang Wu Wang Yan Lu Xue-Zhe Zhang | 2015 | Chinese Medical Journal2015，，2： | 20 |
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