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| 1 | Future prospectives for the management of chronic hepatitis B显示文摘Chronic hepatitis B virus infection affects about 400 million people around the globe and causes approximately one million deaths a year. Since the discovery of interferon-α as a therapeutic option the treatment of hepatitis B has evolved fast and management has become increasingly complicated. The amount of viral replication reflected in the viral load (HBV-DNA) plays an important role in the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The current treatment modalities for chronic hepatitis B are immunomodulatory (interferons) and antiviral suppressants (nucleoside and nucleotide analogues) all with their own advantages and limitations. An overview of the treatment efficacy for both immunomodulatory as antiviral compounds is provided in order to provide the clinician insight into the factors influencing treatment outcome. With nucleoside or nucleotide analogues suppression of viral replication by 5-7 log10 is feasible, but not all patients respond to therapy. Known factors influencing treatment outcome are viral load, ALT levels and compliance. Many other factors which might influence treatment are scarcely investigated. Identifying the factors associated with response might result in stopping rules, so treatment could be adapted in an early stage to provide adequate treatment and avoid the development of resistance. The efficacy of compounds for the treatment of mutant virus and the cross- resistance is largely unknown. However, genotypic and phenotypic testing as well as small clinical trials provided some data on efficacy in this population. Discontinuation of nucleoside or nucleotide analogues frequently results in viral relapse; however, some patients have a sustained response. Data on the risk factors for relapse are necessary in order to determine when treatment can be discontinued safely. In conclusion: chronic hepatitis B has become a treatable disease; however, much research is needed to tailor therapy to an individual patient, to predict the sustainability of response and determine thebest treatment for those failing treatment. | WF Leemans HLA Janssen RA de Man | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，18： | 14 |
| 2 | The consequences of uncertainties in land use, climate and vegetation responses on the terrestrial carbon显示文摘The IPCC SRES narratives were implemented in IMAGE 2.2 to evaluate thefuture condition of the climate system (including the biosphere). A series of scenario experiments was used to assess possible ranges in emissions and concentrations of greenhouse gases, climate change and impacts. These experiments focussed on the role of the terrestrial carbon cycle. The experiments show that the SRES narratives dominate human emissions and not natural processes. In contrary, atmospheric CO2 concentration strongly differs between the experiments. Atmospheric CO2 concentrations range for A1B from 714 to 1009 ppmv CO2 in 2100. The spread of this range is comparable with the full SRES range as implemented in IMAGE 2.2 (515-895 μmol/mol CO2). The most important negative and positive feedback processes in IMAGE 2.2 on the build-up of CO2 concentrations are CO2 fertilisation and soil respiration respectively. Indirect effects of these processes furtherchange land-use patterns, deforestation rates and alter the natural C fluxes. The cumulative effects of these changes have a pronounced influence on the final CO2 concentrations. Our scenario experiments highlight the importance of a proper parameterisation of feedback processes, C-cycle and land use in determining the future states of the climate system. | Rik Leemans Bas Eickhout Bart Strengers Lex Bouwman Michiel Schaeffer | 2002 | Science China(Life Sciences)2002，45，z1： | 2 |
| 3 | A computer-vision based precision seed drill guidance assistance显示文摘 | V. Leemans M.-F. Destain | 2007 | Computers and Electronics in Agriculture2007，，： | 2 |
| 4 | A spatially explicit and quantitative vulnerability assessment of ecosystem service change in Europe显示文摘 | Marc J. Metzger Dagmar Schr?ter Rik Leemans Wolfgang Cramer | 2008 | Regional Environmental Change2008，，3： | 2 |
| 5 | The causes of land-use and land-cover change: moving beyond the myths显示文摘 | Eric F. Lambin B.L. Turner Helmut J. Geist Samuel B. Agbola Arild Angelsen John W. Bruce Oliver T. Coomes Rodolfo Dirzo Günther Fischer Carl Folke P.S. George Katherine Homewood Jacques Imbernon Rik Leemans Xiubin Li Emilio F. Moran Michael Mortimore P.S. | 2001 | Global Environmental Change2001，，4： | 2 |
| 6 | Albumin administration improves organ function in critically ill hypoalbuminemic patients: A prospective, randomized, controlled, pilot study显示文摘 | Marc-Jacques Dubois Carlos Orellana-Jimenez Christian Melot Daniel De Backer Jacques Berre Marc Leeman Serge Brimioulle Olivier Appoloni Jacques Creteur Jean-Louis Vincent | 2006 | Critical Care Medicine2006，，： | 2 |
| 7 | Simulation modelling and risk assessment as tools to identify the impact of climate change on microbiological food safety – The case study of fresh produce supply chain显示文摘 | L. Jacxsens P.A. Luning J.G.A.J. van der Vorst F. Devlieghere R. Leemans M. Uyttendaele | 2009 | Food Research International2009，，7： | 2 |
| 8 | New insights into the rol, s of matrix metalloproteinases in eolorectal cancer develop ment and progression显示文摘 | Leeman MF Curran S Murray GI | 2003 | J Pathol2003，201，4： | 1 |
| 9 | CD44 is a macrophage binding site for Mycobacterium tuberculosis that mediates macrophage recruitment and protective immunity against tuberculosis 显示文摘 | Leemans JC Florquin S Heikens M | 2003 | J Clin Invest2003，111，5： | 1 |
| 10 | Compositional diversity of Late Cenozoic basalts in a transect across the southern Washington Cascades: Implications for subduction zone magmatism显示文摘 | Leeman W P Smith D R Hildreth W | 1990 | Journal of Geophysical Research1990，95，19： | 1 |
| 11 | Exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B infection after delivery显示文摘 | Ter Borg MJ Leemans WF De Man RA | 2008 | Journal of Viral Hepatitis2008，15，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Gender differences and age-related white matter changes of the human brain: a diffu- sion tensor imaging study 显示文摘 | Hsu JL Leemans A Bai CH | 2008 | Neuroimage2008，39，2： | 1 |
| 13 | The additional value of chemotherapy to radiotherapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma:a meta-analysis of the published literature 显示文摘 | Langendijk JA Leemans CR Buter J | 2004 | J Clin Oncol2004，22，22： | 1 |
| 14 | Comparing Global Vegetation Maps With the Kappa Statistic 显示文摘 | MONSERUD R A LEEMANS R | 1992 | Ecological Modelling1992，62，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Promoting community practitioners'use of evidence-based approaches to increase breast cancerscreening显示文摘 | Leeman J Moore A Teal R | 2013 | Public Health Nurs2013，30，4： | 1 |
| 16 | The blood/gas solubilitis of Sevoflu- rane, isoflurane, halothane and serum construent concentra- tions in neonates and abluts显示文摘 | Malnga S Leeman J | 1990 | Anesthesiology1990，72，： | 1 |
| 17 | A multidisci- plinary multi-scale framework for assessing vulnerabilities to global change显示文摘 | METZGER M J LEEMANS R SCHROTER D | 2005 | International Journal of Applied Earth Ob- servation and Geoinformation2005，7，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Survey on treatment of hypertension and implementation of World Health Organization/Internatinal society of hypertenstion risk stratification in primary care in Belgium显示文摘 | Fagard R H Van Den Enden M Leeman M | 2002 | J Hypertens2002，20，： | 1 |
| 19 | Nonparametric Estimation of Ultrasound Pulses 显示文摘 | Jensen J A Leeman S | 1994 | IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering1994，41，10： | 1 |
| 20 | Engineering of Herbicide Resistance in Plants 显示文摘 | BOTTERMAN J LEEMANS J | 1988 | Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering reviews Ed G E Russell Intercept Itd1988，，6： | 1 |
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